THE TOURISM AND

HOSPITALITY
PROFESSIONAL
 Learning Outcomes:
• Explain the characteristics of a tourism and
hospitality professional
• Discuss the importance of ethics in the
workplace
• Discuss the career paths available to the
graduates of tourism and hospitality
management
EMPLOYMENT
• Direct
• Deals with the demand-side of the business, refers
to jobs where employees have face-to-face
contact with tourists.
• Indirect
• Works with the supply side, includes jobs with
intermediaries such as restaurant suppliers,
contractors, marketing consultants and handicraft
producers
Employment in the Industry
• International Labor Organization (ILO)
describes it as “labor-intensive where working
conditions are often precarious due to the
seasonability, low wages, low union density
and long working hours.
• It “provides opportunities for women, young
adults and migrants who generally receive
limited training.
• Women represent as much as 70% of the global
tourism workforce
Forecasts
• WTTC forecasted that by the year 2030, there
will be 1.8 million international tourists (UNWTO,
2011).
• IATA reveals that there will be 7.8 billion air
passengers by 2036.
• Data from Economic Impact of Travel and Tourism
2015 Annual Update Summary reports that total
travel and tourism gross development product
(GDP) will grow at an average of 3.8% per yar
from 2015 – 2025.
• The industry are projected to generate 72.9
million new jobs
Diversity in Workplace
• Diversity – “the mix in the workplace of
people from different race, cultures and
backgrounds”
• “Cultural Diversity refers to the cultural
differences between people that includes
language, manner of dressing, traditions,
morality, religion, social organizations as well
as the way they interact wit the enviroment
Layers of Culture
• Internal Dimensions
• Refers to demographic information such as age,
gender, ethnicity, sexual orientation ,race and
physical ability
• External Dimensions
• Includes person’s appearance, work experience,
educational background, recreational habits,
personal habits, income, marital status, parental
status, and geographic location
• Organization Dimensions
Layers of Culture
• Organization Dimensions
• Involve the job, position, management status,
union affiliation, work location, seniority,
division/department/unit group, work content and
functional level
21ST Century Skills
• Written and verbal • Initiative
communication • Maturity
• Technical • Confidence
• Human Relations • Willingness to learn
• Conceptual • Ability to work
• Analytical independently and
• Decision-making with a team
• Digital capabilities • Ability to think quickly
• Critical thinking • Integrity
Ethics in the Workplace
• Ethics – “a set of moral principles, especially
ones relating to or affirming a specified
group, field, or for of conduct”
• Ethics – from Greek word “ethikos” – “of or
for morals”.
• Morals – from Latin word “mos” – “distinction
between right and wrong”
10 Ethical Principles for Tourism
and Hospitality Managers
• Honesty
• Integrity
• Trustworthiness
• Loyalty
• Fairness
• Concern and respect for others
• Commitment to excellence
• Leadership
• Reputation and morale
• Accountability
Career Paths
• Front Line
• These are also referred to as rank-and-file employees
• Supervisory
• They are tasked with responsibilities including
monitoring and coaching front-line employees
• Managerial
• These positions involve budgeting, analysis, planning
and change management in order to help employees
and the organization
• Executive
• Entrepreneurs and Business Owners
Career Paths
• Executive
• These are heads of an organization. They may be
either owners, corporate executives or both. They
have limited contact with the customers since
their role is more strategic in nature.
• Entrepreneurs and Business Owners
Career Opportunities in the
ASEAN Region
• The Association of
Southeast Asian Nations
(ASEAN) Mutual
Recognition Agreement on
Tourism Professional (MRA-
TP) enables qualified
professionals from
member-countries to work
in any country within the
region.
Career Opportunities in the
ASEAN Region
• The Association of Southeast Asian Nations
(ASEAN) Mutual Recognition Agreement on
Tourism Professional (MRA-TP) enables qualified
professionals from member-countries to work in
any country within the region.
• The ASEAN member countries:
• Brunei
• Cambodia
• Indonesia
• Lao
• Malaysia
• Myanmar
• Philippines
32 Job Titles under MRA-TP