Plant Cell Organelles

The following are examples of structures and organelles that can be found in typical plant cells:

Cell (Plasma) Membrane: This thin, semi-permeable membrane surrounds the cytoplasm of a
cell, enclosing its contents.

Cell Wall: This rigid outer covering of the cell protects the plant cell and gives it shape.

Chloroplast: Chloroplasts are the sites of photosynthesis in a plant cell. They contain
chlorophyll, a green pigment that absorbs energy from sunlight.

Cytoplasm: The gel-like substance within the cell membrane is known as cytoplasm. It contains
water, enzymes, salts, organelles, and various organic molecules.

Cytoskeleton: This network of fibers throughout the cytoplasm helps the cell maintain its shape
and gives support to the cell.

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER): The ER is an extensive network of membranes composed of both

regions with ribosomes (rough ER) and regions without ribosomes (smooth ER). The ER
synthesizes proteins and lipids.

Golgi Complex: This organelle is responsible for manufacturing, storing and shipping certain
cellular products including proteins.

Microtubules: These hollow rods function primarily to help support and shape the cell. They are
important for chromosome movement in mitosis and meiosis, as well as cytosol movement within
a cell.

Mitochondria: Mitochondria generate energy for the cell by converting glucose (produced by
photosynthesis) and oxygen to ATP. This process is known as respiration.

Nucleus: The nucleus is a membrane-bound structure that contains the cell's hereditary
information (DNA).

Nucleolus: This structure within the nucleus helps in the synthesis of ribosomes.

Nucleopore: These tiny holes within the nuclear membrane allow nucleic

acids and proteins to move into and out of the nucleus.

Peroxisomes: Peroxisomes are tiny, single membrane bound structures that contain enzymes
which produce hydrogen peroxide as a by-product. These structures are involved in plant
processes such as photorespiration.

Plasmodesmata: These pores or channels are found between plant cell walls and allow
molecules and communication signals to pass between individual plant cells.
 Ribosomes: Consisting of RNA and proteins, ribosomes are responsible for protein assembly.
They can be found either attached to the rough ER or free in the cytoplasm.

Vacuole: This plant cell organelle provides support for and participates in a variety of cellular
functions including storage, detoxification, protection, and growth. When a plant cell matures, it
typically contains one large liquid-filled vacuole.

animal Cell Organelles

Nucleolus: Synthesis of ribosomal RNA.

Nucleus: Contains genes (chromatin).

Ribosomes: Protein synthesis.

Vesicle: Transport of materials within the cytoplasm.

Rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER): Protein synthesis.

Golgi Apparatus: Processes, packages and distributes proteins to other organelles for export.

Cytoskeleton: Structural support of cells; facilitates the movement of the organelles.

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER): Lipid synthesis; drug metabolism.

Mitochondria: Produces energy for the cell called ATP.

Vacuole: Protection of the cell, collect waste products and maintain internal pH, among
others. (*) Only in some animal cells.

Lysosome: Cellular digestion.

Centrosome: regulate the cell-cycle progression.

Cell membrane: separates the cell from its environment; regulates the movement of materials in
and out of the cell.

https://www.thoughtco.com/what-is-a-plant-cell-373384

https://learnertrip.com/biology/animal-cell-organelles/