3.5.

5 Hairpins and Tie Rods

To complete the discussion on anchorage design, transfer of
shear forces to reinforcement using hairpins or tie rods will
be addressed. Hairpins are typically used to transfer load to
the floor slab. The friction between the floor slab and the sub-
grade is used in resisting the column base shear when indi-
vidual footings are not capable of resisting horizontal forces.
The column base shears are transferred from the anchor rods
to the hairpin (as shown in Figure 3.5.4) through bearing.
Problems have occurred with the eccentricity between the
base plate and the hairpin due to bending in the anchor rods
after the friction capacity is exceeded. This problem can be
avoided as shown in Figure 3.5.5 or by providing shear lugs.
Since hairpins rely upon the frictional restraint provided by
the floor slab, special consideration should be given to the
location and type of control and construction joints used in
the floor slab to ensure no interruption in load transfer, yet
still allowing the slab to move. In addition, a vapor barrier
should not be used under the slab.