Chapter 2 MACHINE DESIGN Questions and Answers Q2-1. A test specimen is under tension. The load is 20,000 Ib, allowable stress is 10,000 psi, modulus of elasticity £ is 30 million psi, and original length of specimen is 40 in. What is the required cross section if the resulting elongation must not be greater than 0.001 in.? ANSWER. P, _ 20,000 _ A A=P,— = 79,000 x = 26.6 sqi =“! “oO goL x a0 ¢ 108 > SE This is the cross section required to keep within allowable elongation and elastic limit. Subscript ¢ denotes condition of tension. Q2-2. A short cylindrical cast-iron post supports a compressive load of 20 tons (40 kips). If factor of safety F is taken equal to 10, find the diameter of the post. U. may be taken as 80,000 psi. ANSWER. Neglect slenderness ratio (J/r) and assume no buckling. P, = 20 X 2,000 = 40,000 Ib _ 4 Us _ nd? 80,000 Po.=A F a i077 40,000 40,000 20 fees salle = d 2,000 75 6.36 and d is found to be 2.52 in. 10