Higher Nationals

Internal verification of assessment decisions – BTEC (RQF)

INTERNAL VERIFICATION – ASSESSMENT DECISIONS
Programme title

Assessor Internal Verifier

Unit 04: Database Design & Development
Unit(s)
Data base system for the Smart Movers Transport Company
Assignment title

Student’s name
List which assessment criteria Pass Merit Distinction
the Assessor has awarded.

INTERNAL VERIFIER CHECKLIST

Do the assessment criteria awarded match

those shown in the assignment brief? Y/N
Is the Pass/Merit/Distinction grade awarded
justified by the assessor’s comments on the Y/N
student work?

Has the work been assessed

accurately? Y/N

Is the feedback to the student :

Give details:
• Constructive?
Y/N
• Linked to relevant assessment criteria?
Y/N
• Identifying opportunities for Y/N
improved performance?
• Agreeing actions?
Y/N
Does the assessment decision need
amending? Y/N

Assessor signature Date

Internal Verifier signature Date

Programme Leader signature (if required)
Date
Confirm action completed
Remedial action taken
Give details:

Assessor signature Date

Internal Verifier
signature Date
Programme Leader
signature (if required) Date
Higher Nationals - Summative Assignment Feedback Form
Student Name/ID
Unit 04: Database Design & Development
Unit Title
Assignment Number 1 Assessor
Date Received
Submission Date 1st submission
Date Received 2nd
Re-submission Date submission
Assessor Feedback:
LO1 Use an appropriate design tool to design a relational database system for a substantial problem
Pass, Merit & Distinction P1 M1 D1
Descripts

LO2 Develop a fully functional relational database system, based on an existing system design
Pass, Merit & Distinction P2 P3 M3 M3 D2
Descripts

LO3 Test the system against user and system requirements.

Pass, Merit & Distinction P4 M4 D2
Descripts

LO4 Produce technical and user documentation.

Pass, Merit & Distinction P5 M5 D3
Descripts

Grade: Assessor Signature: Date:

Resubmission Feedback:

Grade: Assessor Signature: Date:

Internal Verifier’s Comments:

Signature & Date:

* Please note that grade decisions are provisional. They are only confirmed once internal and external moderation has taken place and
grades decisions have been agreed at the assessment board.

Assignment Feedback
Formative Feedback: Assessor to Student

Action Plan

Summative feedback

Feedback: Student to Assessor

Assessor Date
signature

Student Date
signature
Pearson Higher Nationals in
Computing
Unit 04: Database Design & Development
Assignment 01
General Guidelines

1. A cover page or title page should be attached to your assignment. Use page 1 of this
assignment brief as your cover page and make sure all details are accurately filled.
2. The entire assignment brief should be attached as the first section of your assignment.
3. The assignment should be prepared using a word processing software.
4. The assignment should be printed single sided in an A4 sized paper.
5. Allow 1” margin on top, bottom and right sides of the paper and 1.25” on the left side (for
binding).

Word Processing Rules

1. The font size should be 12 point, and should be in the style of Time New Roman.
2. Set line spacing to 1.5. Justify all paragraphs.
3. Ensure that all headings are consistent in terms of size and font style.
4. Use footer function on the word processor to insert your name, unit, assignment no, and
page number on each page. This is useful if individual sheets get detached from the
submission.
5. Use the spell check and grammar check function of the word processing application to
review the use of language on your assignment.
Important Points:

1. Carefully check carefully the hand in date and the instructions given with the assignment.
Late submissions will not be accepted.
2. Ensure that sufficient time is spent to complete the assignment by the due date.
3. Do not wait till the last minute to print or bind the assignment. Such excuses will not be
accepted for late submissions.
4. You must be responsible for efficient management of your time.
5. If you are unable to hand in your assignment on time and have valid reasons such as illness,
you may apply (in writing) for an extension.
6. Failure to achieve at least a PASS grade will result in a REFERRAL grade.
7. Non-submission of work without valid reasons will lead to an automatic REFERRAL. You will
then be asked to complete an alternative assignment.
8. If you use other people’s work or ideas in your assignment, it must be properly referenced,
using the HARVARD referencing system, in your text or any bibliography. Otherwise, you’ll
be found guilty of committing plagiarism.
9. If you are caught plagiarising, your grade will be reduced to a REFERRAL or at worst, you
could be excluded from the course.
Student Declaration

I hereby, declare that I know what plagiarism entails, namely to use another’s work and to present
it as my own without attributing the sources in the correct form. I further understand what it
means to copy another’s work.

1. I know that plagiarism is a punishable offence because it constitutes theft.

2. I understand the plagiarism and copying policy of Edexcel UK.
3. I know what the consequences will be if I plagiarise or copy another’s work in any of the
assignments for this program.
4. I declare therefore that all work presented by me for every aspect of my program, will be my
own, and where I have made use of another’s work, I will attribute the source in the correct
way.
5. I acknowledge that the attachment of this document signed or not, constitutes a binding
agreement between myself and Edexcel UK.
6. I understand that my assignment will not be considered as submitted if this document is not
attached to the assignment.

Student’s Signature: Date:

(Provide E-mail ID) (Provide Submission Date)
Higher National Diploma in Computing
Assignment Brief
Student Name /ID Number J.M.G.M Jayamaha
Unit Number and Title Unit 4: Database Design & Development

Academic Year 2020/21

Unit Tutor

Assignment Title Data base system for the Smart Movers Transport
Company

Issue Date

Submission Date

IV Name & Date

Submission format

Part 1: The submission is in the form of an individual written report. This should be written
in a concise, formal business style using single spacing and font size 12. You are required
to make use of headings, paragraphs and subsections as appropriate, and all work must be
supported with research and referenced using the Harvard referencing system. Please also
provide a bibliography using the Harvard referencing system. The recommended word
limit is 2,000–2,500 words, although you will not be penalised for exceeding the total word
limit.
Part 2: The submission is in the form of a fully functional relational database system
demonstrated to the Tutor; and an individual written report (please see details in Part 1
above).
Part 3: The submission is in the form of a witness statement of the testing completed by
the Tutor; technical documentation; and a written report (please see details in Part 1
above).
Unit Learning Outcomes:

LO1 Use an appropriate design tool to design a relational database system for a
substantial problem.
LO2 Develop a fully functional relational database system, based on an existing
system design.
LO3 Test the system against user and system requirements.
LO4 Produce technical and user documentation.
Assignment Brief and Guidance:
*Please note that assignment guidance is for reference only and should be more
specific in detail to meet customized needs.
Assignment brief
Case study
You are employed as a Database Developer for a large IT development company.
The company has been approached by a transport company called Smart
Movers which has grown to a level where need to have an automated system to
handle day today operational activities to meet customer demands. You are
given the job to design and develop a database solution for Smart Movers to
meet their business requirements.
The company transports chemical products from one location to another on
behalf of registered customers. Customers are of three types namely Catogory1,
2 and 3. Each customer is given a unique customer number and his or her details
have to be recorded in the system.
Each transport operation is called a job, which involves picking up one or more
loads of the products from a customer requested start location and delivers it to
a customer requested destination. A unique number is given for each job and for
each load when they are created.
A Load is transported using a particular transport unit, which consists of a lorry,
a driver, assistant, and a container (for carrying the product) A container is fixed
to a trailer so it needs to be coupled to a lorry at the start of a Job. (Single
container can transport only one chemical product due to safety requirements)
Payments for a job depends on customer type, product type (No Risk, High risk)
and the load type (small, medium and large). Transport operations are run from
9 regional depots. Jobs are allocated to individual depots to service. Depots
hold, manage and maintain their own transport units which are permanently
allocated to them to service Jobs. Normally transport units are held at the base
Depot they belong.
The final system should be able to provide the required information for
management decision making and to handle daily operations efficiently and
effectively.
Activity 1

1) Design and produce a comprehensive database design document for the above
scenario and it should cover the below mentioned points.

• User and system requirements

• Complete normalized (up to 3rd normal form) ER Diagram
• Complete Logical database design.
• Validations that used to validate data in the tables
• Simple interfaces to input and output data to the tables
• Critical evaluation and access the effectiveness of the user and system
requirements with the database design

Activity 2

2) Develop a comprehensive database system based on the database design

document which is provided under Activity 1

• Implement the database according to the provided ER diagram and use DDL
statements.
• Implement a GUI based system to view, insert, update, delete data in the tables.
• Implement validation methods explained in the Activity 1.
• Implement join queries display the details payment with the job details and the
customer details
• Implement and access DML (select, update, delete) by giving meaningful
examples
from the developed database
• Explain and implement the security mechanisms in the developed database (EX:
- User groups, access permissions).
• Explain and implement the below mentioned SQL statements from the
developed
database by giving meaningful examples.
• (Group by, Order by, Having, Between, Where)

Activity 3

3) Test the developed database system which has created in the Activity 2.
• Create a test plan to test the system against user and system requirements.
• Create test cases to test the developed database.
• Explain and access how the selected test data can be used improve the
effectiveness of testing.
• Get independent feedback and evaluate the effectiveness on the developed
database solution from the non-technical users and some developers.

Activity 4

4) Produce a technical documentation for the developed database system that

contains a user guide, UML diagrams (Use case diagram, class diagram, flow
charts, DFD level 0 and 1) and evaluate the database suggesting future
enhancements to be
implemented to ensure continuous effectiveness of the system
Grading Criteria Achieved Feedback

LO1 Use an appropriate design tool to design a relational

database system for a substantial problem

P1 Design a relational database system using appropriate

design tools and techniques, containing at least four
interrelated tables, with clear statements of user and system
requirements.
M1 Produce a comprehensive design for a fully functional
system that includes interface and output designs, data
validations and data normalization.

D1 Assess the effectiveness of the design in relation to user

and system requirements.

LO2 Develop a fully functional relational database system,

based on an existing system design

P2 Develop the database system with evidence of user

interface, output and data validations, and querying across
multiple tables.

P3 Implement a query language into the relational database

system

M2 Implement a fully functional database system that

includes system security and database maintenance.
 M3 Assess whether meaningful data has been extracted using
query tools to produce appropriate management information.

LO3 Test the systems against user and system requirements

P4 Test the system against user and system requirements.

M4 Assess the effectiveness of the testing, including an

explanation of the choice of test data used.
LO2 & LO3
D2 Evaluate the effectiveness of the database solution in
relation to user and system requirements, and suggest
improvements.
LO4 Produce technical and user documentation

P5 Produce technical and user documentation.

M5 Produce technical and user documentation for a fully

functional system, including diagrams showing movement of
data through the system, and flowcharts describing how the
system works.

D3 Assess any future improvements that may be required to

ensure the continued effectiveness of the database system.

Acknowledgement

In preparation for the Database Assignment of the first semester, I would like to thank our
lecturer Miss Dulashi Athauda who was very helpful for us to complete this task in time.
In addition, I would like to thank all my friends and family members who helped me
accomplish this target in no time. I gained a vast knowledge about database development
through this module and through the online tutorials from the internet. I am very grateful
to have this assignment done in time and I thank our lecturer; Miss Dulashi immensely
and ESOFT Metro Campus for laying out a good online educational platform to study
even during these pandemic times.
 Activity 1

Definition of a Database
“A database is an organized collection of structured information, or data, typically stored
electronically in a computer system. A database is controlled by a database management
system (DBMS). Together, the data and the DBMS, along with the applications that are
associated with them, referred to as a database system, often shortened to just database.

Data within the most common types of databases in operation today is typically modeled
in rows and columns in a series of tables to make processing and data querying efficient.
The data can then be easily accessed, managed, modified, updated, controlled, and
organized. Most databases use structured query language (SQL) for writing and querying
data.”
(What is a Database?, 2020)

At the present day, we use various kinds of programs and tools to create databases such
as,
 MY SQL
 Microsoft SQL Server
 Oracle RDBMS
 Improvado
 Knack
 MS Access

Features of a Good Database

  Minimal Data Redundancy – Integrated data into a single, logical structure where
duplicated data is minimum as possible.

 Data Consistency – Data is consistent throughout the whole database such that a
single update could easily update the total database.

 Data Shareable – Database is created to share the data and information among
users who have different levels of authorized access.

 Data Independence – No dependency among the data in the database.

 High data security – Different levels of access for the users as a guest,
administrator for updating and protecting the data.

Advantages of a Database
 High data security
 Higher data integrity
 Data consistency
Disadvantages of a Database
 Complexity and size
 Cost of DBMS and additional hardware costs
 Performance issues and problems
 High impact of a failure

Components of a Database System

1. Hardware
2. Software
a) General-purpose database management software
b) Application Software
3. People
a) Users
b) Practitioners
4. Data
 User and System Requirements

User Requirements

User requirement is the requirement of the user when using the database system. User
requirement is a document, which is used in projects that tells us about the expected
outcome of the user while using the software. User requirement can be the user document
or the user manual, which is mainly, documented targeting the customers.

Documentation for Users

All programs or collections of programs comprising a composite system should have a
manual. This document follows more or less the same path as that of the operating
instruction except that the user will not normally be as concerned with the equipment
technicalities as will the operator.

The user’s manual should cover:

I. Detailed description of the function performed by the program;

II. The means by which the user supplies data to the program to be processed,
covering format and the content of the data together with any restrictions on
values included, and so on (Database Design And Development, 2020)

User Requirements for Smart Movers Company

 The accountable manager should be able to create a new job according to the
specific criteria like product type, customer type and the load type relating to the
customer’s satisfaction within a few seconds.
 The software; the DBMS created for the Smart Movers should store all the details
as per each customer enrolled for their specific jobs.
 The front desk officer should be able to register new customers easily and handle
all the transactions details and payment details easily without any delaying the
customers so that we can provide a good service to our customers.
  There should not be any major hidden bugs and errors in the system as per the
agreement.
 A proper training should be provided to the IT team of Smart Movers as per the
agreement.

System Requirements

System requirements are all of the requirements at the system level that describe the

functions which the system as a whole should fulfill to satisfy the stakeholder needs and
requirements, and are expressed in an appropriate combination of textual statements,
views, and non-functional requirements; the latter expressing the levels of safety,
security, reliability, etc., that will be necessary. (Alan Faisandier, 2020)

System Requirements for Smart Movers Company

System requirement is a document that describes the features and the functions of the
system, which is designed for Smart Movers.

Classification of System Requirements

Several classifications of system requirements are possible, depending on the
requirements definition methods and/or the architecture and design methods being
applied. System requirement is being divided into two parts,

a) Functional Requirement- Features and characteristics of the system

 Single container can transport only one chemical product due to safety
requirements
 A Load is transported using a particular transport unit, which consists of a lorry, a
driver, assistant, and a container
 Customers are of three types namely Catogory1, 2 and 3, each customer is given a
unique customer number and his or her details have to be recorded in the system
 Payments for a job depends on customer type, product type (No Risk, High risk)
and the load type (small, medium and large)
 Transport operations are run from 9 regional depots
 Jobs are allocated to individual depots to service. Depots hold, manage and
maintain their own transport units which are permanently allocated to them to
service Jobs
  The final system should be able to provide the required information for
management decision making and to handle daily operations efficiently and
effectively

b) Non- Functional Requirement- Specifies the quality attribute of a software

system.
 Security-The software should have a very high security in terms of data
security, secure against external hacking and cyber attacks
 Scalability-Accuracy of data input to the system and accuracy of payment
details
 Data integrity- Data has to be consistent throughout the system that via a
single update we can completely
 Reliability
 Maintainability
 Usability

Conceptual Data Modeling

An entity relational model or conceptual model, also called an entity-relational (ER)

diagram is a design representation of entities and their relationships to each other. ER
model is used to create a relational database. An Entity Relationship (ER) Diagram is a
type of flowchart that illustrates how “entities” such as people, objects or concepts relate
to each other within a system. ER Diagrams are most often used to design or debug
relational databases in the fields of software engineering, business information systems,
education and research. (What is an Entity Relationship Diagram, 2021)
Complete Normalized ER Diagram
Logical Database Design

Customer (customer_id, customer_name, DOB, Address)

Job (Job_no, job_ name, customer_id*, TP unit_ID*)

Transport unit (TP unit_ID, depot_id, driver_id, trailer_id, assistant_id, payment_id, vehicle
no, depot name, location, storage, address)

Payments (Payment_id, customer_id, load_id, product_id, invoice)

Load (Load_id, product_id, qty, Tp unit_ID*)

Product (product_id, product_name, product_category, Load_id*)

Data normalization
Database normalization is a process used to organize a database into tables and columns.
Therefore, that meets two basic requirements:
1. There is no redundancy of data (all data is stored in only one place)
2. Data dependencies are logical (all related data item are stored together)

Normalization is important for many reasons, but because it allows database to take up
little disk space as possible. The objective is to separate data so that insertion, updating,
and deletion of a field can be made in just one table.

Structured
database

No Anomalies No redundancy

Insertion

Updating Consistency of Data

Deleting
There are three main types of normalization, note: “NF” refers to “normal form”
1NF
2NF
3NF
BCNF

Partial dependency:

Non key attribute of a relation depend on a part of the composite primary key

Transitive dependency:

Non-key attribute depends on another non-key attribute.

Full dependency:

Non-key attribute depends on the whole primary key

First normal form (1NF)

Separate single valid and multivalued attribute into two relational and include the primary
key of single valued relation in to the other side as the foreign key.
E.g.: - 1st NF (CusNo, name, JobID,Jobtitle)customer
(paymentID, name, age, Cusno*)
Remove multivalve attribute or repeating groups when coming from zero normalization
form into first Normalization form.

Relation is in 1NF, if it does not contain repeating groups or multivalued attributes. This
can be separate in to two ways
By separating table into two tables
By filling the empty cells with the relevant data
Second Normalization Form (2NF)

Identity partial and full dependence in the module and separate them in to two relations
E.g.: - 2nd NF customer (Customerno, name, Jobid,Jobtitle)
Job (JobID, JobName)
payment (PID, Customerno, invoice)

(Removing partial dependency) Non-key attribute of a relation depend on a part of the

composite primary key

Third Normalization Form (3NF)

Identify transitive dependence in student and separate it in to two relations

Eg: - 3rd NF invoice (PaymentID, customerID, invoice)

Payment (PaymentID, paid amount)
Customer (CusID, Name, CusID*)
Job (JobID, Jobtitle)

Data validation mechanism

Data validation means checking the accuracy and quality of source data before using,
importing or otherwise processing data. Different types of validation can be performed
depending on destination constraints or objectives. In other words, data validation is a
form of data cleansing. Moreover, data validation is known as input validation.
The relational data model includes several types of constraints, or business rules. The
major types of integrity constraints are as follows
 Domain integrity
  Entity integrity
 Referential integrity
Domain integrity
Domain integrity specifies that all columns in a relational database must be declared upon
a defined domain. All of the value that appears in a column of a relation must be taken
from the same domain. A domain is a valid set of values that may be assigned to an
attribute.
Domain integrity can be maintained by the use of
 User defined domain types= (As a developer we can have the own domain key)
 Not null= (having a value inside it is must)
 Unique= (No duplicated value inside the attribute, might be duplicated)
 Default value= (A value to be displayed automatically and can be changed)
 Check clause= (Setting a range of values for an attribute)

Referential integrity

A referential integrity constraint is a rule that maintains consistency among the rows
of two relations. In the relational data model, associations between tables are defined
through the use of foreign keys. The rule is that if there is a foreign key in one
relation, either each foreign key must match a primary key value in referred relation
or the foreign key value must be null.
Definition for Data Definition language (DDL)
DDL in SQL
Data definition Language (DDL) is a standard for commands that define the different
structures in a database. DDL statements create, modify, and remove database objects
such as tables, indexes and users. Common DDL statement are CREATE, ALTER, AND
DROP (Rouse, 2019).
According to the scenario, smart movers there are seven types of table should be added in
the designed database. These tables can be created in SQL DDL statement in MS SQL
 Customer
 Transport unit
 Payment
 Loads
 Products
 Job
 Depots

Use of a suitable IDE to create a simple interface

According to the scenario in the database, the user should be able to add database to the
system like without any difficulties and also should add, delete, update certain types of
records of the customer in the database. Users use numerous tools throughout software
code creations, without an IDE, it is a bit difficult to use and add customer’s details in the
database.
Activity 2.2
A. DML in SQL
DML statements are SQL statements that manipulate data. DML stands for Data
Manipulation Language. The SQL statements that are in the DML class are INSERT,
UPDATE and DELETE. Some people also lump the SELECT statement in the DML
classification (Rouse, 2006).
SELECT= The most commonly used SQL command is SELECT statement. SQL
SELECT statement is used to query or recover data from a table in the database. A query
may retrieve information from specified columns or from all of the columns in the table.

UPDATE=The UPDATE statement in SQL is used to update the data of an existing table
in database. We can update single columns as well as multiple columns using UPDATE
statement as per our requirement.

INSERT=The SQL INSERT statement is used to insert a one or more records into a table.
In other words The INSERT INTO statement is used to add new data to a database.
 Activity 2.3

Security mechanism for a database system and the importance of these mechanism for the
security of the database
a. How security mechanism is been used in the database
Database security is protection of an invaluable organizational resource against
unauthorized reading, changing or erasing of data. In a database there should be more
security because all the important data are stored in the system so it should be more
secured and the third party or some hackers shouldn’t be able to take the stored data from
the database. If there is no proper security mechanism it might affect the future of
companies. A security service makes use of one or more security mechanisms. Attempts
to access data without proper authority are by far the most serious security threats there is
an exchange between the cost of reducing security risk and the adverse impact of a failure
of security. There is a reduction in risk as the investment in security increases beyond a
certain point. There is no perfect database system that will guarantee that data would
never be lost or accessed by people without proper authority.
For example, customers who are forced to use a password having at least 15 characters
and who must change their password every two weeks, may decide not to use the system
at all, because it is too time consuming to login and too difficult to remember the
password. Implementing extremely strong security is not always practical because of the
added cost in terms of additional security software, training users, and following complex
procedures. The challenge is to control

a solution that achieves the highest level of security for the least cost. In our smart movers
database system Database developers have included features to simplify security-related
procedures. A new feature of “Oracle9i” provides users with a single point of entry to all
authorized applications with a single authentication or login process. The Microsoft SQL
Server security system is integrated with the security system of the underlying Windows
operating system. This makes it easier to administer the database by using the Windows
user and password to authenticate access to the database this is a very effective manner to
keep data secured.

b. Importance of these mechanisms for the security of the database

Database security is more than just important. It is essential to the company with any
online component. Sufficient database security prevents data from bringing lost and
corrupted, which may have serious problems for the company both in financial and in
company wise. Here are some database securities which help and have advantages:
Company’s block attacks, including ransom ware and breached firewalls, which
keeps sensitive information’s safe.
Ransom ware: is a form of malicious software or malware that, once its taken from then
computer, threatens with harm, usually by ignoring you access to your data. And the
attackers demand something from the victim, asking to restore access to the data upon
payment method.
Security breach: a security breach is any incident that results in unauthorized access of
data, application, service, network and devices by passing their underlying security
mechanisms. A security breach occurs when an individual or an application suddenly
enters a private, confidential or unauthorized thing
Prevent malware or viral infections which can corrupt data as said above, bringing
down a network, and spread to all the end point devices
Its helps that physical damage to the server doesn’t result in the loss of data
Prevent data loss through corruption of files or programming errors

c. Implementing proper security mechanism for the developed database

There are 3 DBMS that will survive in the market now: Oracle, IBM’s DB2 and
Microsoft’s SQL server. In this we can mainly implement these important commercial
database system security features for the developed database such as protecting against
unauthorized access, providing encryption, and auditing of security-related operations.

Protection against unauthorized access

Each user is identifies by a user name and a password. Should give each user a security
domain, which is a set of things that says the operations the user may perform and the
resources limits for the user. Each user should be connected with his/her own schema
having the same name as the user name. All the objects created and owned by the same
user reside in the same schema. The user may grant benefit to other users to access the
objects in his/her schema.
DB2 provides two level of security checks to view or control data. First, at system level a
security program connected with DB2 does user and group authentication. It requires that
the user be identified by a user name and a password. secondly, after the user has passed
system level security, the DBMS control access to the DBMS objects and check the
permission to perform specific commands and functions.
A user is identified to Microsoft SQL server by an ID. This login ID can be created by the
system administration or can be automatically assigned from registered windows users.
Later the user can make use of a trusted connection when connecting to the database.
When a trusted connection is linked, the user does not need to re-enter a password
because windows has been already authenticated the user. After the login IDs have been
created, the system manager gives users individual access to the various database
available on the server. When a user is assigned to a database. The system manager can
decide to call the login ID to an existing user. This process is useful if a user needs to
perform maintenance task on that database, because the user can be automatically connect
to the database owner, which gives the owner rights on any of the object in that database.

Encryption
Can define a custom password verification function that checks the user password against
the company specific rules. A DB2 database can be configured such that during the user
authentication process password are encrypted before being transmitted. SQL server
relies on encryption support that is build into to windows operation system. It can
automatically encrypt data and other network traffic as it travel between the client and the
server system on a network.
Auditing (looking after an official finance carefully in a company or an account)
User can selectively monitor specific SQL statements, track the use of specified access
right, and record the use of specific operations on specific database objects. And this
option will check whether the records are successfully uploaded, or any unsuccessful
statement. It will allow the administrator to control almost any action performed on
database
DB2 audit capability based on event monitor data. A user can manually create an audit
table to record any changes made to his/her data
SQL server, it allows tracking usage of any permission. The alert can be coded and send
through mail to the administrator when a security problem occurs
In this we can implement all these security mechanism to the developed database.

Activity 2.4

A. usage of SQL statements

Group by= Group by is one of the most frequently used SQL clauses. It allows you to
collapse a field into its distinct values. This clause is most often used with aggregations to
show one value per grouped field or combination of fields (cook, 2017).

Order by=Order the result set of a query by the specified column list and, optionally, limit
the rows returned to a specified range. The orders in which rows are returned in a result
set are not guaranteed unless an ORDER BY clause is specified (guyer, 2018).

Having=Specifies a search condition for a group or an aggregate. HAVING can be used

only with the SELECT statement. HAVING is typically used with a GROUP BY clause.
When GROUP BY is not used, there is an implicit single, aggregated group (milener,
2018).

Between=The SQL BETWEEN condition allows you to easily test if an expression is

within a range of values (inclusive). The values can be text, date, or numbers. It can be
used in a SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE statement. The SQL BETWEEN
Condition will return the records where expression is within the range of value1 and
value2 (Anon., 2018).
Where=Specifies the search condition for the rows returned by the query (Anon., 2017).

Activity 3.1
A. suitable test plan to test the system against user and system requirements

According to the smart mover’s database, a test plan document that outlines the planning
for test process. It contains guideline for the test process such as approach, testing tasks,
environment needs, resources requirement, schedule and constraints. And it describes the
scope of testing, testing technique to be used, resources required for testing and the
schedule of intended test activities. The scope helps identifying test items and the features
to be tested. A test plan also contain details of who will perform a given task.

Activity 3.2
How can the selected data test above can be improve the effectiveness of testing

Test effectiveness and test efficiency are very important to count for a database system or
an asset to the customer or user. Better the test effectiveness the best is the test
effectiveness. 100% test effectiveness allows the customer to gain more confident.
As explained above, the expectation from the test is 100% efficiency, testing demands
efficient project managers, test expert professionals, below are some key points to achieve
almost 100%test efficiency for the database according to the system.

Test plan

Understand the logic and work according to that logic and also understand the internal
workings of developer’s point of view. Should analyze test results according to the
database system. Try to identify root cause of the system. First write test cases writing,
share test case with development team. It could be result in time saving. By following the
steps mention for improvement, it is confirmed that the relevant database will be
successfully improve the effectiveness of testing the system.
Activity 3.3
A. Feedback, recommendation, suggestion for the improvement of the system

Customer’s opinion and feedback are one of the most essential components for the
growth of the business and are very important throughout the customer lifecycle. And it’s
a great idea that what should have to improve from the database system in the future.
This database is relevant to a company called smartmover. This database system is a
customer management system and also some transportation management. This company
is a non-for profit organization, which is specializing in supplying products and loads in a
very large area and we are very focused about the customers mainly.

This report has discussed about the database system. I would like to say that our smart
movers company is the large organization in the market now and also we mainly target to
fulfill customer’s needs and wants. Therefore we got many feedbacks from customer that
we are super enough to run our organization, looking into the feedback of the users as
they gave in the feedbacks, this system is user-friendly for the users to work with and
they are fully satisfied with the accuracy of this database system.
Recommendation and suggestion for the improvement of our system
Some customers recommend and suggest us for future improvement to our system, that
funding for operations, maintenance, and upgrades must be done very often, due to some
reason our organization couldn’t able to do. The database would be improved by the
addition of new high quality records and skilled techs, security should be mainly focused
according to out database system, it should be more secured and safe for the developer
and the customer. below are some suggestion to be considered.
Have secure passwords: the most system in the database should be more secured
because we should allow our system and data view to the other non organization
and should be hacked.
Shouldn’t show people the backdoor: a simple way to protect our database? This
means keeping the system hidden from unsure search engines through the reboots.
While we want customers to have access to database information of our system,
may not want to put the login in directly on the sites.
Activity 4
Activity 4.1 & Activity 4.2
A. User’ guide and technical documentation for the support and maintenance of the
software

User’ guide for support and maintenance of the software

Purpose of the system
The purpose of the system database that is to say it analyses the component of the system
and their inter-relationships, which enables us to understand the structure and behaviors
of the smartmovers database system. And also to manage day to day transportation
process of the smartmovers organization.

Simply to document the system and confirm that is has certain required features, such as a
security, privacy, system evidential sufficiency etc. To understand the system so that one can
design critical tests to confirm that the system functioning perfectly. A full system analysis
takes into account the whole system of smartmovers database and includes looking at future
consideration.
System features/functionalities
One container must only transport one product at a time due to safety requirements
Unique number must be given for each job and load when they are created
Input the details of the customer dividing into their category 1,2 & 3
Transport unit, assistant, lorry, driver and container details must be inputted into the
system
Input customer type

Product type (lower, high, risk)

Load type (small, medium, large) to decided payments
Input details about the transport operations from 9 regional depots
Input the depots details to the depots table (E.g. DID, location, address)
Input unique number to load and job when they created (E.g. loads and job tables)
Hardware and software requirements
Recommended Operating Systems
Windows: 7 or newer
MAC: OS X v10.7 or higher
Linux: Ubuntu

We strongly recommend a computer fewer than 5 years old.

Processor: Minimum 1 GHz; Recommended 2GHz or more
Ethernet connection (LAN) OR a wireless adapter (Wi-Fi)
Hard Drive: Minimum 32 GB; Recommended 64 GB or more
Memory (RAM): Minimum 1 GB; Recommended 4 GB or above
Sound card w/speakers
Some classes require a camera and microphone

Technical documentation for the support and maintenance of the software

System features/functionalities
- Performance, security and user ability
Security should be very high and effective
Accuracy of payment and details
System requirements and speed
Reports should be created according to the system on time and should update all
those on time (e.g. customer details, transactions etc.)

Hardware and software requirements

Recommended Operating Systems
Windows: 7 or newer
MAC: OS X v10.7 or higher
Linux: Ubuntu
We strongly recommend a computer fewer than 5 years old.
Processor: Minimum 1 GHz; Recommended 2GHz or more
Ethernet connection (LAN) OR a wireless adapter (Wi-Fi)
Hard Drive: Minimum 32 GB; Recommended 64 GB or more
Memory (RAM): Minimum 1 GB; Recommended 4 GB or above
Sound card w/speakers
Some classes require a camera and microphone