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BS 8610:2017
BSI Standards Publication
Personal fall protection equipment –

Anchor systems – Specification
BS 8610:2017 BRITISH STANDARD
Publishing and copyright information

The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued.
© The British Standards Institution 2017
Published by BSI Standards Limited 2017
ISBN 978 0 580 86596 1
ICS 13.340.60
The following BSI references relate to the work on this document:
Committee re ference PH/5
Draft for comment 17/303607 29 DC; 17/30360732 DC
Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication

Date Text affected
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BRITISH STANDARD BS 8610:2017
Contents Page
Foreword iii
0 Introduction 1
Table 1 — Non-load-limiting codification and anchor system options 1
Table 2 — Load-limiting codification and anchor system options 2
1 Scope 3
2 Normative re ferences 4
3 Terms and definitions 5
Figure 1 — Example o f a BS 8610 anchor system 5
Figure 2 — Examples o f type A non-load-limiting anchor systems 6
Figure 2 — Examples o f type A non-load-limiting anchor systems (continued) 7
Figure 3 — Example o f a type A load-limiting anchor system 7
Figure 4 — Example o f a type C non-load-limiting anchor system 8
Figure 5 — Examples o f type C load-limiting anchor systems 8
Figure 6 — Example o f a type D non-load-limiting anchor system 9
Figure 7 — Example o f an accompanied descent type rescue 11
Figure 8 — Example o f rescue — remotely or self-operated — direct attachment systems 12
Figure 9 — Example o f a remotely operated redirect attachment type rescue 13
4 Anchor system requirements 14
Figure 10 — Examples o f principal sa fety-critical test directions 15
Table 3 — Schedule o f tests 18
Figure 11 — Example o f wire rope eyelet termination 23
Figure 12 — Examples o f swaged terminations 23
5 Anchor system test methods 34
Table 4 — Anchor system requirements for verification 35
Figure 13 — Test lanyard for the dynamic performance test using a 100 kg test mass 36
Figure 14 — Example o f the dynamic performance test apparatus 37
Figure 15 — Example o f the static strength test apparatus 38
Figure 16 — Example o f a Y hang arrangement for testing paired anchor devices 39
Figure 17 — Example o f a type C single-span anchor system test arrangement 45
Figure 18 — Example o f a type C multi-span anchor system test arrangement without a corner 46
Figure 19 — Example o f a type C multi-span anchor system test arrangement with a corner 46
Figure 20 — Example o f a type D anchor system test arrangement with a cantilever 63
Figure 21 — Example o f a type D anchor system test arrangement with a corner 63
6 Marking 69
Figure 22 — Example o f anchor system marking 69
Figure 23 — Example o f additional anchor system marking 70
7 Information to be supplied by the manu facturer 70
Annex A (normative) Criteria for test laboratories 76
Annex B (informative) Test rationale 78
Annex C (normative) Requirements for test apparatus and procedures 79
Figure C.1 — Test mass 80
Figure C.2 — Examples o f bond patterns o f solid brickwork construction 82
Figure C.3 — Example o f a Y hang arrangement for determining minimum spacing distances
between anchor devices 84
Figure C.4 — Example o f a support free zone for tensile tests in concrete — plan view o f Figure C.8 85
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Figure C.5 — Example o f a support free zone for tensile tests in concrete — plan view o f Figure C.9 85
Figure C.6 — Example o f a support free zone for shear tests in concrete — plan view o f Figure C.8 86
Figure C.7 — Example o f a support free zone for shear tests in concrete — plan view o f Figure C.9 87
Figure C.8 — Example o f a test arrangement for single anchor tests in concrete 87
Figure C.9 — Example o f a test arrangement for tests on posts in concrete 88
Figure C.1 0 — Examples o f best and worst case direction o f test load applied to the anchor point 88
Figure C.1 1 — Example o f a test arrangement and support dimensions for single anchor tests in
brickwork loaded in shear across a horizontal edge, e.g. under a window or a parapet wall 89
brickwork loaded in shear across a vertical edge, e.g. adjacent to a window 90
brickwork loaded in tension close to a vertical edge 91
Figure C.1 4 — Example o f a test rig arrangement and support dimensions for tests o f paired
anchor devices in masonry loaded in tension (perpendicular to the surface o f the base material
test piece) 92
Figure C.1 5 — Example o f a test arrangement for single anchor tests in a profiled roofing system 93
Bibliography 94
Summary of pages
This document comprises a front cover, and inside front cover, pages i to iv, pages 1 to 94, an inside back cover and
a back cover.
II © THE BRITISH STANDARDS INSTITUTION 2017 – ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

Foreword
Publishing information
This British Standard is published by BSI Standards Limited, under licence from The British
Standards Institution, and came into e ffect on 30 November 2017. It was prepared by Technical
Committee PH/5, Personal Fall Protection . A list o f organizations represented on this committee can
be obtained on request to its secretary.
Product certification/inspection/testing
Users o f this British Standard are advised to consider the desirability o f third-party testing o f
product conformity with this British Standard. Appropriate con formity attestation arrangements are
described in Annex A. Users seeking assistance in identi fying appropriate conformity assessment
bodies or schemes may ask BSI to forward their enquiries to the relevant association.
Use of this document
Any user claiming compliance with this British Standard is expected to be able to justi fy any course o f
action that deviates from its recommendations.
Users o f this British Standard are expected to be able to demonstrate compliance with all applicable
requirements.
Presentational conventions
The provisions o f this standard are presented in roman (i.e. upright) type. Its requirements are
expressed in sentences in which the principal auxiliary verb is “shall”.
Commentary, explanation and general in formative material is presented in italic type, and does not
constitute a normative element.
Contractual and legal considerations

This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions o f a contract. Users are
responsible for its correct application.
Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.
© THE BRITISH STANDARDS INSTITUTION 2017 – ALL RIGHTS RESERVED III

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0 Introduction
0.1 General
This British Standard covers two categories o f anchor system:
a) non-load-limiting, for single and multi-users; and
b) load-limiting, for single and multi-users.
Each category consists o f various types, i.e. type A, type C and type D, which cover di fferent
applications, including:
• restraint;
• fall arrest;
• rope access;
• work positioning;
• several types o f rescue; and
• evacuation.
NOTE For anchor system options and codification, see Table 1 and Table 2.
Table 1 — Non-load-limiting codification and anchor system options
Type Application Code Application Use
A – e.g. eyebolt A) /post 1 Restraint
2 Fall arrest
3 Rope access and work positioning
4 Rescue – accompanied descent
5 Rescue – remotely or sel f-operated – direct attachment
6 Rescue – remotely operated – redirect attachment
7 Evacuation
C – e.g. flexible horizontal anchor 1 Restraint
line
2 Fall arrest
D – e.g. rigid horizontal anchor line 1 Restraint
2 Fall arrest
3 Rope access and work positioning
4 Rescue – accompanied descent
6 Rescue – remotely operated – redirect attachment
7 Evacuation
A) As an example o f codification, an eyebolt for fall arrest – non-load-limiting would be A2.
NOTE 1 Type A, type C and type D anchor systems are based on the types described in BS EN 795. Type B and type E, as
described in BS EN 795, are not covered in this British Standard as they are not installed in a base material and so, therefore, the
sequence o f types in this British Standard is type A, type C, and type D.
NOTE 2 For clarification, BS EN 795 (single user only) and PD/CEN TS 16415 (two or more users) cover only anchor devices and
not the structural anchor or the base material.
© THE BRITISH STANDARDS INSTITUTION 2017 – ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1

Table 2 — Load-limiting codification and anchor system options

Type Application Code Application Use
A – eyebolt /post etc.
A) 1L Restraint
2L Fall arrest
5L Rescue – remotely or sel f-operated – direct attachment
C – flexible horizontal anchor line 1L Restraint
2L Fall arrest
5L Rescue – remotely or sel f-operated – direct attachment
D – rigid horizontal anchor line Not covered as load-limiting type D anchor systems do not currently exist
A) As an example o f codification, an eyebolt for fall arrest – load-limiting would be A2L.
NOTE 1 Type A, type C and type D anchor systems are based on the types described in BS EN 795. Type B and type E, as
described in BS EN 795, are not covered in this British Standard as they are not installed in a base material and so, therefore, the
sequence o f types in this British Standard is type A, type C, and type D.
NOTE 2 For clarification, BS EN 795 (single user only) and PD/CEN TS 16415 (two or more users) cover only anchor devices and
not the structural anchor or the base material.
This British Standard is intended for the type testing o f anchor systems and gives only minimum
performance requirements. It is essential that anchor systems are designed and manu factured so
that, in the foreseeable conditions o f use for which they are intended, the user is able to perform the
risk-related activity while being appropriately protected at the highest possible level.
This British Standard presumes that the manu facturer o f the relevant parts o f the anchor system, for
the sake o f consistency and traceability, operates a quality management system which complies with
regulations in force at the time. Guidance on the form this quality management system could take can
be found in BS EN ISO 9001.
0.2 Advice on using this British Standard
It is recommended that this British Standard is read in the following order to ensure the correct
category o f anchor system is selected and tested.
a) Clause 0 , Table 1 and Table 2: depending on which category o f anchor system has been
chosen, select:
1) the category o f anchor system, i.e. non-load-limiting or load-limiting;
2) the type o f anchor system, i.e. type A, type C or type D; and
3) an application or applications that apply (application codes 1 to 7).
b) Clau se 1 , Scope.
NOTE Clause 3 clarifies terminology used in this British Standard.
c) Clause 4, Anchor system requirements, should be read in the following order:
1) 4.1 , General requirements;
2) 4.2 , Pre-testing verification and recording requirements;
3) 4.3 , Materials; and
4) 4.4, Design and ergonomics.
d) Depending on the category o f anchor system selected [see a)], either select:
1) 4.5 , Non-load-limiting anchor systems; or
2) 4.6 , Load-limiting anchor systems.
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e) Using either 4.5 or 4.6 , select the appropriate type and application, e.g. 4.5.1.1 , Type A, Restraint
– non-load-limiting.
NOTE Some o f the subclauses cover more than one application.
f ) See Table 3 for the appropriate requirements and related test methods.
g) Clause 5 , Test methods, should be read in the following order:
1) 5.1 , Pre-test requirements;
2) 5.2 , Dynamic performance test apparatus and preparation;
3) 5.3 , Static strength test apparatus;
4) 5.4, General test requirements;
5) 5.5 –5.7 : Using Table 3 (4.2.9 ), select the test methods appropriate to the category, type and
application chosen; and
NOTE Test methods generally comprise deformation, dynamic performance and static strength, in that
order. For some applications, there are no dynamic performance tests.
6) 5.8 , Corrosion resistance test method;
h) Clause 6 , Marking.
i) Clause 7 , In formation to be supplied by the manufacturer.
j) Annex A to Annex C provides further normative and informative information regarding:
1) criteria for test laboratories;
2) test rationale; and
3) requirements for test apparatus and procedures.
1 Scope
This British Standard provides requirements and test methods for type testing anchor systems that
are installed and tested in the base materials specified by the manu facturer for:
a) restraint systems;
b) all arrest systems;
f
c) rope access systems;

d) work positioning systems;
e) rescue systems; and
f ) evacuation systems.
This British Standard covers anchor systems intended for one or more users simultaneously and
specifies the maximum number o f users for each type o f anchor system.
NOTE 1 Where the manu facturer intends to rate their anchor systems for more than the specified maximum
number o f users, it is recommended that they liaise with an appropriate test house, taking into account the
principles o f this British Standard and develop a test specification accordingly.
This British Standard is not applicable to:
1) equipment con forming to BS EN 516 or BS EN 517;
2) type A load-limiting anchor systems (see 3.3.2 ) for:
• rope access and work positioning;

• rescue – accompanied descent;

• rescue – remotely operated – redirect attachment; and
• evacuation,
as they are considered not to be appropriate for such use.
3) type C non-load-limiting and load-limiting anchor systems (see 3.3.3 ) for:
• rope access and work positioning;
• rescue – accompanied descent;
• rescue – remotely operated – redirect attachment; and
• evacuation,
as they are considered not to be appropriate for such use.
4) type B and type E, as described in BS EN 795, are not covered in this British Standard as they are
not installed in a base material;
5) bespoke structurally designed anchors incorporated into structures.
NOTE 2 The performance requirements in this British Standard are intended as minimum requirements for anchor
devices, structural anchors and their base material(s). The performance requirements do not constitute structural
verification o f the structures for the imposed loads.
This British Standard is intended for use by manu facturers, installers and users o f anchor systems
and also other interested parties, e.g. architects and structural engineers, including those responsible
for the design o f sa fe access and egress on structures.
NOTE 3 In formation on the use o f anchor systems in personal fall protection systems, including rope access, can be
found in BS 8437, BS 7985 and BS 7883.
NOTE 4 Anchor systems con forming to this British Standard for rope access should meet the requirements o f the
rope access industry for anchor systems, as detailed in BS 7985 and the Industrial Rope Access Trade Association
(IRATA), International code o f practice for industrial rope access (ICOP) [1].
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively re ferenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated re ferences, only the edition cited applies. For undated
re ferences, the latest edition o f the re ferenced document (including any amendments) applies.
BS 7883, Code o f practice for the design, selection, installation, use and maintenance o f anchor devices
con forming to BS EN 795
BS EN 362, Personal protective equipment against falls from a height — Connectors
BS EN 363, Personal fall protection equipment — Personal fall protection systems
BS EN 795:2012, Personal fall protection equipment — Anchor devices
BS EN 892, Mountaineering equipment — Dynamic mountaineering ropes — Sa fety requirements and
test methods
BS EN 12385-4, Steel wire ropes — Sa fety — Part 4: Stranded ropes for general lifting applications
BS EN ISO 1461, Hot dip galvanized coatings on fabricated iron and steel articles — Specifications and
test methods

BS EN ISO 7500-1, Metallic materials — Calibration and verification o f static uniaxial testing
machines — Tension/compression testing machines — Part 1: Calibration and verification o f the force-
measuring system
BS EN ISO 9227, Corrosion tests in artificial atmospheres — Salt spray tests
BS EN ISO/IEC 17025, General requirements for the competence o f testing and calibration laboratories
ISO 2232, Round drawn wire for general purpose non-alloy steel wire ropes and for large diameter steel
wire ropes — Specifications
PD 6697, Recommendations for the design o f masonry structures to BS EN 1996-1-1 and BS EN 1996-2
3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes o f this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1 anchor device
element or series o f elements incorporating an anchor point or anchor points, providing the interface
between the anchor point and structural anchor
3.2 anchor point
point or points on an anchor system for the attachment o f personal fall protection equipment
NOTE An anchor point can be fixed or guided to follow the user.
3.3 anchor systems
3.3.1 anchor system
system incorporating an anchor device, structural anchor(s) and the base material
NOTE 1 See Figure 1.
NOTE 2 BS EN 795 and PD/CEN TS 16415 only cover anchor devices and not the structural anchor or the
base material.
Figure 1 — Example o f a BS 8610 anchor system
Key
1 Anchor point 4 Structural anchor
2 Base material 5 Anchor device
3 Permanent fixing element 6 Anchor system

3.3.2 type A anchor system

anchor system incorporating one or more non-travelling anchor points
NOTE 1 See Figure 2 and Figure 3.
NOTE 2 Anchor points or parts o f the anchor device can rotate or swivel when in use, where designed to do so.
NOTE 3 Anti-pendulum and deviation anchor devices are considered to be type A anchor systems.
Figure 2 — Examples o f type A non-load-limiting anchor systems
a) Anchor device bolted to base b) Anchor device cast into c) Anchor device welded to base d) Non-removable anchor
material base material material device resin-bonded to base
material
e) Paired anchor device bolted to base material f ) Anchor device through-fixed to g) Removable anchor device
base material with socket resin-bonded to
base material
h) Cantilevered anchor device (to allow for non-load bearing material)

Key
1 Anchor point(s)
2 Base material
3 Permanent fixing element
4 Structural anchor
5 Non-load bearing material, including insulation and weather proofing materials
6 Anchor device

Figure 2 — Examples o f type A non-load-limiting anchor systems (continued)
i) Anchor device bolted to base material j) Anchor device bolted to base material k) Anchor device with removable arm,
with an anchor point on an arm with anchor points on the base bolted to base material with an anchor
point on an arm
Key
1 Anchor point(s)
2 Base material
4 Structural anchor
6 Anchor device
7 Re-direct pulleys
Figure 3 — Example of a type A load-limiting anchor system
Key
1 Anchor point
2 Base material
4 Structural anchor
5 Anchor device
6 Energy-dissipating element

3.3.3 type C anchor system

anchor system employing a flexible anchor line deviating from the horizontal by not more than 15°,
when measured between any extremity anchor, intermediate anchor or corner anchor
NOTE 1 See Figure 4 and Figure 5.
NOTE 2 Examples o f flexible anchor lines are wire rope, fibre rope and webbing.
Figure 4 — Example o f a type C non-load-limiting anchor system
Key
1 Anchor point 5 Extremity anchor
2 Base material 6 Intermediate anchor
3 Permanent fixing element 7 Flexible anchor line
4 Structural anchor 8 Traveller
NOTE 1, 5, 6, 7 and 8 comprise the anchor device.
Figure 5 — Examples of type C load-limiting anchor systems
Example a
Example b
Key
1 Anchor point 6 Intermediate anchor
2 Base material 7 Energy-dissipating element
3 Permanent fixing element 8 Flexible anchor line
4 Structural anchor 9 Traveller
5 Extremity anchor
NOTE 1, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 comprise the anchor device.

3.3.4 type D anchor system

anchor system employing a rigid anchor line deviating from the horizontal by not more than 15°,
when measured between the extremity and intermediate anchors at any point along its length
NOTE 2 Examples o f rigid anchor lines are tubes and rails.
Figure 6 — Example o f a type D non-load-limiting anchor system
Key
1 Anchor point
2 Base material
4 Structural anchor
5 End bracket
6 Intermediate bracket
7 Rigid anchor line joiner (joint)
8 Rigid anchor line
9 End stop
10 Traveller
NOTE 1, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 comprise the anchor device.
3.4 base material
material to which the anchor system is installed
NOTE Examples o f base materials are concrete, steel, rock, masonry.
3.5 competent person
designated person suitably trained or qualified by knowledge and practical experience to enable the
required task or tasks to be carried out properly
[SOURCE: BS 8437:2005+A1:2012, 3.10 ]
3.6 duty holder
person appointed by an organization with the responsibility for the maintenance o f the overall
quality o f the anchor system
3.7 element
part o f an anchor system
NOTE Elements o f an anchor system can include an anchor device, traveller and extremity anchor.

3.8 energy-dissipating element

element o f an anchor system that dissipates the kinetic energy developed during a fall from a height
NOTE Wire rope used in type C anchor systems is not considered to be an energy-dissipating element.
3.9 evacuation
trans fer o f a person or persons from a place o f danger or difficulty to a place o f safety
3.10 evacuation system
personal fall protection system by which a person or persons can trans fer themselves, or be
trans ferred, from a place o f danger to a place o f safety, in such a way that a free fall is prevented
3.11 extremity anchor
element connecting the extremity o f a flexible anchor line or rigid anchor line to the base material
3.12 fall arrest system
personal fall protection system which limits the impact force on the body o f the user during fall arrest
[SOURCE: BS EN 363:2008, 3.2.1.4]
3.13 intermediate anchor
element located between the extremity anchors, connecting a flexible or rigid anchor line to the
base material
NOTE Intermediate supports, e.g. a flexible anchor line guide, which are not intended to withstand the load, are
not intermediate anchors.
3.14 load-limiting anchor device
anchor device with an integral energy-dissipating element intended to limit the dynamic force
applied to the structural anchor
NOTE 1 The energy-dissipating element in a load-limiting anchor device can be integral to different types o f anchor
devices, e.g. an anchor device with a single anchor point, intermediate, corner or extremity anchors for a horizontal
anchor line.
NOTE 2 Load-limiting anchor devices include elements that are deliberately designed to absorb energy, e.g. by
yielding, deforming or elongating.
3.15 masonry
construction o f stone(s), brick(s) or block(s)
[SOURCE: BS ISO 6707-1:2017, 5.5.12 ]
3.16 maximum rated mass (RMmax)
maximum mass o f each user, as specified by the manufacturer, including tools and equipment carried,
with which the anchor system can be used
NOTE Maximum rated mass, RMmax, was formerly known as maximum rated load, RL max.
3.17 maximum system rating (SRmax)
maximum number o f users and their maximum rated mass (RMmax) that can be attached to the anchor
system at any one time, as specified by the manu facturer
3.18 non-load-limiting anchor device
anchor device without an integral energy-dissipating element

3.19 permanent fixing element

part o f a structural anchor securing the anchor device permanently to the base material and not
intended to be removed by the user
NOTE 1 Examples o f a permanent fixing element are nut, threaded stud, internally-threaded socket, screw, bolt,
expansion anchor, cast-in anchor, rivet, resin bond, weld.
NOTE 2 Some permanent fixing elements, e.g. bolts or nuts, can be removed for inspection purposes.
3.20 personal fall protection system
assembly o f components intended to protect the user against falls from a height, including a body-
holding device, an attachment system and an anchor system
NOTE A body-holding device might be, for example, a full body harness, sit harness, work positioning belt, rescue
harness, rescue loop.
3.21 rescue
act o f saving or being saved from danger or di fficulty
3.21.1 rescue – accompanied descent system
personal fall protection system by which a person is rescued and accompanied by another person, in
such a way that a free fall is prevented
NOTE 2 An accompanied descent is also known as a pick-o ff rescue.
Figure 7 — Example o f an accompanied descent type rescue
3.21.2 rescue – remotely or self-operated – direct attachment system

personal fall protection system by which a person can rescue themselves or be rescued by another
person by direct attachment to an anchor point, in such a way that a free fall is prevented

NOTE 2 An example o f a remote rescue is by the use o f a reach pole and rescue kit to reach the person
being rescued.
NOTE 3 An example o f a self-operated rescue is by the use o f a pre-packed rescue kit which the rescuer carries.
Figure 8 — Example o f rescue — remotely or self-operated — direct attachment systems
a) Sel f-operated direct attachment b) Remotely-operated direct attachment
3.21.3 rescue – remotely operated – redirect attachment system

personal fall protection system by which a person is rescued by another person by the use o f an
anchor line attached indirectly to an anchor point, the e ffect o f which changes the direction o f force
supplied, and in such a way that a free fall is prevented
NOTE 2 Anchor lines in these systems are typically routed through a pulley.
NOTE 3 Redirect attachment systems can potentially double the load on an anchor system.

Figure 9 — Example o f a remotely operated redirect attachment type rescue
Key
1 Redirect attachment
3.22 restraint system

personal fall protection system which prevents the user from reaching zones where the risk o f a fall
from a height exists
NOTE A restraint system is not a fall arrest system.

[SOURCE: BS EN 363:2008, 3.2.1.1 ]
3.23 rope access system
personal fall protection system which enables the user to get to and from the place o f work in such
a way that a free fall is prevented or arrested, by using a working line and a safety line, separately
connected to reliable anchor points
[SOURCE: BS EN 363:2008, 3.2.1.3 ]
3.24 structural anchor
combination o f one or more permanent fixing element(s), not intended to be removed, used to
connect an anchor device to the base material
3.25 structure
building, other object constructed from several parts, or natural feature
NOTE An example o f a natural feature is a rock face.
3.26 Tmax
maximum tension load in a flexible anchor line measured at the extremity anchors during the
dynamic performance test

3.27 principal safety-critical direction(s)

direction or directions o f loading applied during testing intended to cover the range o f directions o f
loading that could occur in use
NOTE 1 See 5.4.2.
NOTE 2 The principal sa fety-critical directions o f loading are considered to be the most onerous in terms o f
exposing potential weaknesses in the anchor system.
3.28 traveller
element with an anchor point intended to travel along a horizontal anchor line
NOTE 1 Travellers are also known as shuttles, trolleys, mobile anchor points.
NOTE 2 The definition also includes simple travellers, such as a connector attached directly to a horizontal anchor
line or a textile or wire sling passed over a rigid rail and linked by a connector.
3.29 work positioning system
personal fall protection system which enables the user to work in tension or suspension in such a way
that a free fall is prevented
[SOURCE: BS EN 363:2008, 3.2.1.2 ]
4 Anchor system requirements

COMMENTARY ON Clause 4
Where the manu facturer wishes to claim two or more application codes for an anchor system type and
where the deformation, dynamic performance, static strength and principal sa fety-critical test direction
requirements for one application meets or exceeds the requirements for another application for a stated
maximum system rating (SRmax), and maximum rated mass (RMmax), the test laboratory conducting the
assessment can, at their discretion, waive the need for repeat or superfluous testing.
4.1 General requirements
4.1.1 Anchor systems shall be tested in the base materials that the manufacturer permits, unless otherwise
specified in the relevant test methods (see Clause 5 ). When tests are carried out in such base materials,
they shall be carried out in base materials o f suitable strength and dimensions so as to validate the
structural limitations to be provided in 7.3 d).
4.1.2 Anchor systems shall be tested in each relevant principal safety-critical direction, e.g. in tension, in
shear, or a combination o f the two (see 5.4.2 and Figure 10).

Figure 10 — Examples o f principal sa fety-critical test directions
a) Example o f principal safety-critical test directions for a type A anchor system (eyebolt) using a single structural anchor
Key
1 Base material, e.g. wall
2 Anchor device and structural anchor
x Tensile load direction
y Shear load direction
z Shear load direction 90° to y-axis
Figure 10 — Examples o f principal sa fety-critical test directions (continued)
b) Example o f principal safety-critical test directions for a type A anchor system (roo f post) or type C extremity, intermediate
and corner anchors using more than one structural anchor
Key
1 Base material, e.g. roo f structure
2 Anchor device, including structural anchor(s)
VP Test load direction parallel to roo f seam
VA Test load direction across roo f seam
V45 Test load direction – equally bisecting VP and VA
NOTE Tests perpendicular to the base material surface can be undertaken if required by the manu facturer.

Figure 10 — Examples o f principal sa fety-critical test directions (continued)
Side view
Plan view
c) Examples o f principal safety-critical test directions for a type A davit arm anchor system
Key
1 Base material, e.g. roo f structure
2 Anchor device, including structural anchor(s)
3 Connecting line
MA Maximum deviation angle
X Tensile load direction
F Test load direction at maximum deviation angle
PD Maximum pivot angle
4.1.3 Where alternative configurations o f the same type o f anchor device are to be made available, e.g.
di fferent height posts and/or with different base plate dimensions, the worst configuration, as agreed

by the manufacturer and test laboratory, shall be tested, ensuring the limit is set for the configuration
that could be o ffered, e.g. the tallest post, each type o f base plate.
4.1.4 I f the geometry, configuration or material o f an anchor device, including the structural anchor, di ffers
from the one that has been tested as part o f the anchor system, the anchor system shall be verified by
testing in accordance with Clause 5, or proven by calculation with the results recorded.
4.1.5 During de formation tests, cracks, ruptures or unintended tears o f any part o f the anchor system,
visible with normal or corrected vision, shall not be permitted.
4.1.6 Where de formation tests and static strength tests are carried out simultaneously, (i.e. for type A1 and
type D1 anchor systems), cracks, ruptures or unintended tears o f any part o f the anchor system, visible
with normal or corrected vision, shall not be permitted.
4.1.7 During dynamic performance tests and static strength tests, any sign or evidence o f partial failure o f
the anchor system, e.g. cracks, ruptures or unintended tears, visible with normal or corrected vision,
shall not be classed as a failure, but shall be detailed in the test report (see Annex A).
4.2 Pre-testing verification and recording requirements

4.2.1 Prior to testing, elements o f the anchor system, where appropriate, shall be verified by:
a) confirming appropriate documentation;
b) visual and/or tactile examination;
c) weighing elements; and
d) measuring,
in order to ensure conformity to 4.2.2 to 4.2.8 , 4.3 and 4.4, with the exception o f 4.3.1.1 which shall
be checked upon completion o f the corrosion resistance test (see 5.8 ).
4.2.2 It shall not be possible for elements o f the anchor system to become unintentionally detached.
NOTE Examples o f elements which could become unintentionally detached include non-permanently binding
fasteners, e.g. nuts or other threaded fasteners. These elements can be prevented from inadvertent loosening by, e.g.
the addition o f self-locking nuts, tabwashers, shakeproo f washers, staking, peening, split or roll-pinning.
4.2.3 I f an element o f the anchor system can be removed, it shall be designed such that it can only be
detached after carrying out two separate, consecutive and deliberate manual actions.
4.2.4 For anchor systems which include removable elements, those elements shall be such that they cannot
appear to be positively locked together when they are not, due to incorrect assembly.
4.2.5 Anchor points shall be so designed to ensure easy engagement and disengagement o f the connector
or connectors supplied or recommended by the manufacturer. Gates or other closing mechanisms o f
the connector shall be able to close and be locked without interference when engaged in the anchor
point. Connectors shall be able to rotate freely around the anchor point in such a way that they can
sel f-align in the directions o f use and in the principal safety-critical directions when under load.
Rotation and alignment under load shall not be so impeded to allow loading on the gate or other
closing mechanism.
NOTE This protects against connectors being incorrectly loaded and/or becoming detached
unintentionally during use.

4.2.6 Anchor systems equipped with a fall or overload indicator shall clearly indicate that a fall or an
overload has occurred upon completion o f the dynamic performance tests (see Table 3), or static
strength tests (see Table 3) if there are no dynamic performance test requirements.
4.2.7 The mass o f any element o f an anchor system intended to be transported by a single person, e.g.
during installation, shall not exceed 25 kg.
4.2.8 For testing purposes, the maximum rated mass (RMmax) shall be a minimum o f 100 kg. When
calculating the loads to be used in the de formation tests and the static strength tests, RMmax shall be
taken to be an equivalent load, and rounded up to the nearest 0.1 kN, e.g. 100 kg RMmax ≡ 1 kN, 125 kg
RMmax ≡ 1.3 kN.
4.2.9 The specifications o f all elements o f the anchor system shall be recorded in a test report to ensure
traceability, i.e. comparison o f the specifications o f an already installed anchor system with the
anchor system as tested. This shall include, as applicable, part numbers, specifications o f anchor
devices, structural anchors, base materials and their construction (see Annex A).
Table 3 — Schedule of tests
Anchor system Test type Requirements Test method
Type A Non-load-limiting
General 5.5.1
Type A1 Restraint – non-load-limiting 4.5.1.1
Static strength and 5.5.2.1
deformation
Type A2 Fall arrest – non-load-limiting 4.5.1.2
De formation 5.5.3.1
Dynamic performance 5.5.3.2
Static strength 5.5.3.3
Type A3 Rope access and work positioning – non- 4.5.1.2
load-limiting
Type A4 Rescue – accompanied descent – non- 4.5.1.3
load-limiting
Type A5 Rescue – remotely or sel f-operated – 4.5.1.2
direct attachment – non-load-limiting
Dynamic performance A) 5.5.3.2
Type A6 Rescue – remotely operated – redirect 4.5.1.3
attachment – non-load-limiting
Type A7 Evacuation – non-load-limiting 4.5.1.3
A) As rescue is a secondary function o f an application code 2 anchor system, application code 5 anchor systems have to meet
the dynamic performance requirements o f application code 2 anchor systems.

Table 3 (continued)
Type A Load-limiting
General 5.5.1
Type A1L Restraint – load-limiting 4.6.1.1
Type A2L Fall arrest – load-limiting 4.6.1.2
Type A5L Rescue – remotely or sel f-operated – 4.6.1.2
direct attachment – load-limiting
Dynamic performance A) 5.5.7.2
Type C Non-load-limiting
General 4.5.2.1 5.6.1
Type C1 Restraint – non-load-limiting – single- 4.5.2.2
span
Anchor device de formation 5.6.2.1
Anchor system static strength 5.6.2.2
Anchor device static strength 5.6.2.3
Type C1 Restraint – non-load-limiting – multi-span 4.5.2.2
Type C2 Fall arrest – non-load-limiting – single- 4.5.2.3
span
Anchor device:de formation 5.6.4.1
Anchor system dynamic 5.6.4.2
performance
Type C2 Fall arrest – non-load-limiting – multi- 4.5.2.3
span
performance
Type C5 Rescue – remotely or sel f-operated – 4.5.2.3
direct attachment – non-load-limiting – single-
span

Table 3 (continued)
performance A)
Type C5 Rescue – remotely or self-operated – 4.5.2.3
direct attachment – non-load-limiting – multi-span
performance A)
Type C Load-limiting
General 4.6.2.1 5.6.1
Type C1L Restraint – load-limiting – single-span 4.6.2.2
Type C1L Restraint – load-limiting – multi-span 4.6.2.2
Type C2L Fall arrest – load-limiting – single-span 4.6.2.3
performance
Type C2L Fall arrest – load-limiting – multi-span 4.6.2.3
performance
Type C5L Rescue – remotely or sel f-operated – 4.6.2.3
direct attachment – load-limiting – single-span
performance A)
Type C5L Rescue – remotely or sel f-operated – 4.6.2.3
direct attachment – load-limiting – multi-span

Table 3 (continued)
performance A)
Type D Non-load-limiting
General 4.5.3.1 5.7.1
Type D1 Restraint – non-load-limiting 4.5.3.2
Static strength and 5.7.2.1
de formation
Type D2 Fall arrest – non-load-limiting 4.5.3.3
Type D3 Rope access and work positioning – non- 4.5.3.3
load-limiting
Type D4 Rescue – accompanied descent – non- 4.5.3.4
load-limiting
Type D5 Rescue – remotely or sel f-operated – 4.5.3.3
direct attachment – non-load-limiting
Dynamic performanceA) 5.7.3.2
Type D6 Rescue – remotely operated – redirect 4.5.3.4
attachment – non-load-limiting
Type D7 Evacuation – non-load-limiting 4.5.3.4
NOTE See 4. 1 , 4. 2 , 4. 3 and 4. 4 for pre-testing and verification and recording requrements.
4.3 Materials
4.3.1 Metal elements of the anchor system excluding the base material
COMMENTARY ON 4. 3. 1
This requirement is to detect design flaws. Con formity to this requirement does not imply any design life
or suitability for use in a harsh environment, e.g. marine environment, high chlorine environment.

4.3.1.1 After testing in accordance with 5.8 , there shall be no corrosion o f the base metal from which the
metal element is made that would affect the functional operation o f the anchor system.
NOTE 1 The presence o f tarnishing and white scaling is acceptable.
NOTE 2 Care should be taken by the manu facturer to ensure different metals are not combined in such a way that
there could be an adverse galvanic reaction.
4.3.1.2 Wire ropes shall be made from stainless steel, or galvanized steel con forming to BS EN 12385-4.
4.3.1.3 Galvanizing o f steel wire ropes shall be in accordance with ISO 2232. Other steel elements shall be
galvanized in accordance with BS EN ISO 1461.
4.3.2 Textile elements
4.3.2.1 Load-bearing textile elements shall only be used if the manufacturer can demonstrate through
documented evidence that they incorporate sufficient protection against ultraviolet degradation for
their foreseeable life.
4.3.2.2 The manufacturer shall provide documented evidence that textile elements are made from virgin
mono-filament or multi-filament synthetic fibres.
NOTE Examples o f textile elements are fibre ropes, webbing and sewing threads.
4.3.2.3 The manu facturer shall provide documented evidence that the breaking tenacity o f synthetic fibres is
a minimum o f 0.6 N/tex.
4.3.2.4 Threads used for sewing shall be a contrasting shade or colour when compared to the rope or webbing
to facilitate visual inspection.
4.3.3 Connectors
Where connectors are supplied with the anchor system, they shall con form to BS EN 362.
4.3.4 Wire rope terminations
4.3.4.1 Wire rope terminations (see Figure 11 and Figure 12) shall not include U-bolt wire rope grips in any
part o f the anchor system. Any eyelet terminations shall include a compatible thimble. Where a swaged
ferrule is used to manu facture the termination:
a) there shall be a gap between the thimble points and ferrule after the swaging operation; and
b) the tail o f the wire rope shall protrude from the ferrule after the swaging operation by a
minimum amount,
in accordance with the information supplied by the ferrule manufacturer.
4.3.4.2 Materials used for the wire rope termination shall be compatible with the materials used for the wire
rope, e.g. copper ferrule and stainless-steel wire rope.

Figure 11 — Example o f wire rope eyelet termination
Key
1 Thimble
2 Eyelet
3 Ferrule
4 Wire rope
5 Gap between ferrule and thimble
6 Wire tail protruding from ferrule
Figure 12 — Examples o f swaged terminations
Key
1 Swage fitting
2 Fork termination
3 Eye termination
4.4 Design and ergonomics

4.4.1 The load-bearing edges o f anchor points shall have a minimum radius o f 1 mm.
4.4.2 Anchor systems shall not have sharp edges or burrs that might cause injury to the user. Exposed edges
or corners shall be relieved either with a minimum radius o f 0.5 mm or a chamfer o f no less than
0.5 mm × 45°.
4.4.3 Anchor points shall not allow inadvertent release o f any personal fall protection equipment.
NOTE An open loop or hook are not considered to be anchor points for the purposes o f this British Standard.
4.4.4 The de formation requirements within this British Standard shall apply be fore the intentional
movement or de formation o f those elements, where elements o f anchor systems are intended to
move or de form permanently, e.g. for correct alignment while arresting a fall; the functioning o f a
fall indicator.

4.5 Non-load-limiting anchor systems

4.5.1 Type A — non-load-limiting
4.5.1.1 Type A1
COMMENTARY ON 4.5.1.1
Type A1 covers restraint – non-load-limiting (see Table 1).
4.5.1.1.1 The maximum number o f users permitted shall be in accordance with the information supplied by
the manu facturer, but shall be no more than two (see also Clause 6 and Clause 7 ).
4.5.1.1.2 Anchor devices used as part o f a type A1 anchor system shall conform to the static strength
requirements o f BS EN 795:2012, 5.3.4, which shall be confirmed by documented evidence from a
test laboratory in accordance with 5.1 .
4.5.1.1.3 When tested in accordance with 5.5.1 and the relevant static strength and de formation test listed in
Table 3, with the load applied to each anchor point, the anchor system shall hold the load and no part
o f the anchor system shall demonstrate permanent de formation o f more than 10 mm.
4.5.1.2 Type A2, type A3 and type A5
Type A2 covers fall arrest – non-load-limiting (see Table 1).
Type A3 covers rope access and work-positioning – non-load-limiting (see Table 1).
Type A5 covers rescue – remotely or self-operated – direct attachment – non-load-limiting (see Table 1).
As rescue is a secondary function o f a fall arrest system, type A5 anchor systems have to meet the
deformation, dynamic performance and static strength requirements o f type A2 anchor systems (i.e. fall
arrest), plus additional dynamic performance test(s) to cater for the possibility o f a second fall during
a rescue. Therefore, these two types have been combined into this sub-clause. Type A3 anchor systems
have the same deformation, dynamic performance and static strength requirements as type A2 anchor
systems and, therefore, have been combined in this sub-clause also.
NOTE The number o f users includes a rescuer, where relevant.
4.5.1.2.2 When tested in accordance with 5.5.1 and the relevant de formation test listed in Table 3, with the
load applied to each anchor point, the anchor system shall hold the load and no part o f the anchor
system shall demonstrate permanent de formation o f more than 10 mm.
4.5.1.2.3 When tested in accordance with 5.5.1 and the relevant dynamic performance test listed in Table
3, with the load applied to each anchor point, the anchor system shall hold the test mass clear
o f the ground.
4.5.1.2.4 When tested in accordance with 5.5.1 and the relevant static strength test listed in Table 3, with the
load applied to each anchor point, the anchor system shall hold the load.
4.5.1.3 Type A4, type A6 and type A7
Type A4 covers rescue – accompanied descent – non-load-limiting (see Table 1).
Type A6 covers rescue – remotely operated – redirect attachment – non-load-limiting (see Table 1).
Type A7 covers evacuation – non-load-limiting (see Table 1).

4.5.1.3.1 The maximum number o f users permitted shall be in accordance with the in formation supplied by
the manufacturer, but shall be no more than one for type A6 anchor systems and no more than two
for type A4 and type A7 anchor systems (see also Clause 6 and Clause 7 ).
NOTE 1 The number o f users includes a rescuer, where relevant.

NOTE 2 For type A4 anchor systems, by default, the number o f users is two.
NOTE 3 For type A6 anchor systems, the number o f users is one plus a rescuer who is not directly attached to the
anchor system (see Figure 9).
4.5.2 Type C — non-load-limiting
COMMENTARY ON 4.5.2
In addition to the requirements for type C non-load-limiting anchor systems, this subclause includes
requirements for specific anchor devices that are part o f the anchor system, i.e. those anchor devices
that are to be tested for deformation and for static strength.
4.5.2.1 General
4.5.2.1.1 Performance data based on calculations or test results shall be supplied by the manufacturer to the
test laboratory (see 5.1 ) in accordance with the relevant tests in 5.6 , including data on:
a) the maximum number o f users permitted;
b) the maximum deflection o f the flexible anchor line at the mid-span position;
c) the maximum load applied to the extremity anchor;
d) the maximum load applied to the intermediate anchors, where fitted;
e) the maximum load applied to the corner anchors, where fitted; and
f ) the maximum load in the flexible anchor line for continuous anchor systems that do not
incorporate an extremity anchor.
4.5.2.1.2 When tested in accordance with the relevant anchor system dynamic performance tests and anchor
system static strength tests as listed in Table 3:
a) the anchor system shall hold the load;
b) the test mass shall be held clear o f the ground; and
c) the traveller shall not become detached from the flexible anchor line.
4.5.2.1.3 Where the flexible anchor line is fixed to an intermediate anchor or corner anchor (i.e. the
intermediate anchor or corner anchor e ffectively becomes an extremity anchor), multi-span anchor
systems shall be tested as single-span anchor systems.
4.5.2.1.4 When tested in accordance with the relevant single-span or multi-span anchor system static strength
test for restraint listed in Table 3, as appropriate:
a) the maximum load (Tmax) measured and recorded at the extremity anchor shall not exceed 50%
o f the minimum material breaking strength o f the flexible anchor line (e.g. wire rope, fibre rope
or webbing) as specified in 7.1 v); and

b) the values at the extremity anchors and the maximum deflection o f the flexible anchor line shall
be measured and recorded and not vary by more than ±10% for restraint from the data provided
by the manu facturer (see 4.5.2.1.1 ).
NOTE This verification is essential to ensure that when a C1 restraint system is installed, the amount o f
maximum wire rope deflection is known, so it can be taken into account when determining the position o f the
anchor system, to ensure that the travel o f users will be restrained from reaching a position from which a fall
from a height could occur.
4.5.2.1.5 When tested in accordance with the relevant single-span or multi-span anchor system dynamic
performance test for fall arrest listed in Table 3, as appropriate:
be measured and recorded and not vary by more than ±20% from the data provided by the
manu facturer (see 4.5.2.1.1 ).
4.5.2.2 Type C1 Restraint — non-load-limiting
Type C1 covers restraint – non-load-limiting (see Table 1).
the manu facturer, but shall be no more than three (see also Clause 6 and Clause 7 ).
4.5.2.2.2 Anchor devices used as part o f a type C1 anchor system shall conform to the static strength
4.5.2.2.3 When tested in accordance with 5.6.1 and the relevant anchor device de formation test listed in Table
3, with the load applied to:
a) extremity anchors;
b) intermediate anchors, where fitted; and
c) corner anchors, where fitted,
the anchor device shall hold the load and no part o f these elements shall demonstrate permanent
de formation o f more than 10 mm.
NOTE Only one user per extremity anchor/intermediate anchor and corner anchor is envisaged as the other
user(s) is likely to be elsewhere on the anchor system.
4.5.2.2.4 When tested in accordance with 5.6.1 and the relevant anchor system static strength test listed in
Table 3, with the load applied via the anchor point on each traveller to:
a) the flexible anchor line at the centre o f the longest span permitted by the manu facturer;
b) the entry/exit line fittings and joint(s), where fitted,
the anchor system shall hold the load.
Table 3, with the load applied via the anchor point on each traveller at an intermediate anchor, where
fitted, the anchor system shall hold the load.
NOTE Only one user per intermediate anchor is envisaged as the other user(s) is likely to be elsewhere on the
anchor system.

4.5.2.2.6 When tested in accordance with 5.6.1 and the relevant anchor device static strength test listed in
Table 3, in or on the base materials, as specified by the manufacturer, the extremity, corner and
intermediate anchors, where fitted, shall hold the load.
4.5.2.3 Type C2 and type C5
Type C2 covers fall arrest – non-load-limiting (see Table 1).
Type C5 covers rescue – remotely or self-operated – direct attachment – non-load-limiting (see Table 1).
As rescue is a secondary function o f a fall arrest system, type C5 anchor systems have to meet the
deformation, dynamic performance and static strength requirements o f type C2 anchor systems (i.e. fall
arrest), plus additional dynamic performance test(s) to cater for the possibility o f a second fall during a
rescue. Therefore, these two types have been combined into this subclause.
the manufacturer, but shall be no more than three (see also Clause 6 and Clause 7 ).
4.5.2.3.3 When tested in accordance with 5.6.1 and the relevant anchor system dynamic performance test listed
in Table 3, with the load applied via the anchor point on each traveller to the flexible anchor line at the
centre o f the span, the anchor system shall hold the test mass clear o f the ground.
Table 3, with the load applied to the flexible anchor line via the anchor point on each traveller, with the
traveller(s) positioned at:
a) the centre o f the longest span;
b) entry/exit line fittings, where fitted;
c) joints in the flexible anchor line, where fitted;
d) intermediate anchors, where fitted;
e) corner anchors, where fitted; and
f ) extremity anchors,

4.5.2.3.5 When tested in accordance with 5.6.1 and the relevant anchor device static strength test listed
in Table 3, in or on the base materials, as specified by the manufacturer, the extremity, corner and
4.5.3 Type D — non-load-limiting
4.5.3.1 General
4.5.3.1.1 When tested in accordance with the relevant dynamic performance and static strength tests
listed in Table 3:
a) the anchor system, including all load-bearing elements, travellers, anchor points, intermediate
and extremity anchors, rigid anchor lines, structural anchors, corners, joints, junctions and
terminations (e.g. welded connections, bolted terminations), cantilevers and end stops shall
hold the load;
c) the traveller shall not become detached from the rigid anchor line.
4.5.3.1.2 I f the manufacturer permits installation o f the rigid anchor line at an angle o f between 5° and 15°
from the horizontal, the traveller shall not travel more than 1 m along the rigid anchor line when
measured, in accordance with (as appropriate) 5.7.3.2.9 c), 5.7.3.2.11 c) and 5.7.3.2.12 c).
4.5.3.2 Type D1
Type D1 covers restraint – non-load-limiting (see Table 1).
4.5.3.2.2 Anchor devices used as part o f a type D1 anchor system shall con form to the static strength
4.5.3.2.3 When tested in accordance with 5.7.1 and the relevant static strength and de formation test listed in
a) the rigid anchor line at the centre o f the longest span permitted by the manu facturer;
b) extremity anchors ;
c) intermediate anchors, where fitted;
d) corner anchors, where fitted; and
e) entry/exit line fittings and joints, cantilevers and end stops, where fitted,
the anchor system shall hold the load and no part o f the anchor system shall demonstrate permanent
4.5.3.3 Type D2, type D3 and type D5
Type D2 covers fall arrest – non-load-limiting (see Table 1).
Type D3 covers rope access and work-positioning – non-load-limiting (see Table 1).
Type D5 covers rescue – remotely or self-operated – direct attachment – non-load-limiting (see Table 1).

As rescue is a secondary function o f a fall arrest system, type D5 anchor systems have to meet the
deformation, dynamic performance and static strength requirements o f type D2 anchor systems (i.e. fall
arrest), plus additional dynamic performance test(s) to cater for the possibility o f a second fall during
a rescue. Therefore, these two types have been combined into this subclause. Type D3 anchor systems
have the same deformation, dynamic performance and static strength requirements as type D2 anchor
systems and, therefore, have been combined into this subclause also.
load applied via the anchor point on each traveller to:
a) the rigid anchor line at the centre o f the longest span permitted by the manufacturer;
b) extremity anchors;
4.5.3.3.3 When tested in accordance with 5.7.1 and the relevant dynamic performance test listed in Table 3,
with the load applied via the anchor point on each traveller to:
the anchor system shall hold the test mass clear o f the ground.
4.5.3.4 Type D4, type D6 and type D7
Type D4 covers rescue – accompanied descent – non-load-limiting (see Table 1).
Type D6 covers remotely operated – redirect attachment – non-load-limiting (see Table 1).
Type D7 covers evacuation – non-load-limiting (see Table 1).

4.5.3.4.1 The maximum number o f users permitted shall be in accordance with the information supplied by the
manufacturer, but shall be no more than two for type D6 anchor systems and no more than three for
type D4 and type D7 anchor systems (see also Clause 6 and Clause 7 ).
NOTE 1 The number o f users includes a rescuer, where relevant.
NOTE 2 For type D4 anchor systems, by default, the minimum number o f users is two.
NOTE 3 For type D anchor systems, the permitted number o f users for type D6 anchor systems is reduced (derated)
by one due to the increased load applied when using a redirect rescue, e.g. a type D anchor system for three users
could be used for one type D6 rescue plus one further user.
4.5.3.4.2 When tested in accordance with 5.7.1 and the relevant de formation test listed in Table 3, with the load
applied via the anchor point on each traveller to:
4.6 Load-limiting anchor systems
4.6.1 Type A — load-limiting
4.6.1.1 Type A1L
COMMENTARY ON 4. 6 . 1 . 1
Type A1L covers restraint – load-limiting (see Table 1).

4.6.1.1.2 Anchor devices used as part o f a type A1L anchor system shall con form to the static strength

4.6.1.2 Type A2L and type A5L
COMMENTARY ON 4. 6 . 1 . 2
Type A2L covers fall arrest – load-limiting (see Table 1).

Type A5L covers rescue – remotely or self-operated – direct attachment – load-limiting (see Table 1).
As rescue is a secondary function o f a fall arrest system, type A5L anchor systems have to meet the
deformation, dynamic performance and static strength requirements o f type A2L anchor systems (i.e.
fall arrest), plus additional dynamic performance test(s) to cater for the possibility o f a second fall
during a rescue. Therefore, these two types have been combined into this subclause.
Type A load-limiting anchor systems (see 3. 3. 2 ) for rope access and work positioning; rescue –
accompanied descent; rescue – remotely or self-operated – redirect attachment; and evacuation, are not
covered in this British Standard as they are considered not to be appropriate for such use.
the manufacturer, but shall be no more than two, (see also Clause 6 and Clause 7 ).
4.6.1.2.3 When tested in accordance with 5.5.1 and the relevant dynamic performance tests listed in Table 3,
with the load applied to each anchor point, the anchor system shall hold the test mass clear
o f the ground.
4.6.2 Type C — load-limiting
COMMENTARY ON 4. 6 . 2
In addition to the requirements for type C load-limiting anchor systems, this subclause includes
requirements for specific anchor devices that are part o f the anchor system, i.e. those anchor devices
that are to be tested for deformation and for static strength.
4.6.2.1 General
4.6.2.1.1 Performance data based on calculations or test results shall be supplied by the manufacturer to the
test laboratory (see 5.1 ) in accordance with the relevant tests in 5.6 , including data on:
a) the maximum number o f users permitted;
b) the maximum deflection o f the flexible anchor line at the mid-span position;
c) the maximum load applied to the extremity anchor;
d) the maximum load applied to the intermediate anchors, where fitted;
e) the maximum load applied to the corner anchors, where fitted; and
f ) the maximum load in the flexible anchor line for continuous anchor systems that do not
incorporate an extremity anchor.
4.6.2.1.2 When tested in accordance with the relevant anchor system dynamic performance and anchor system
static strength tests as listed in Table 3:
a) the anchor system shall hold the load;


c) the traveller shall not become detached from the flexible anchor line.
4.6.2.1.3 Where the flexible anchor line is fixed to an intermediate anchor or a corner anchor (i.e. the
intermediate anchor or corner anchor e ffectively become an extremity anchor), multi-span anchor
systems shall be tested as single-span anchor systems.
4.6.2.1.4 When tested in accordance with the relevant single-span or multi-span anchor system static strength
test for restraint listed in Table 3:
be measured and recorded and not vary by more than ±10% for restraint from the data provided
by the manu facturer (see 4.6.2.1.1 ).
NOTE This verification is essential to ensure that when a C1L restraint system is installed, the amount o f
maximum wire rope deflection is known, so it can be taken into account when determining the position o f the
anchor system, to ensure that the travel o f users will be restrained from reaching a position from which a fall
from a height could occur.
4.6.2.1.5 When tested in accordance with the relevant single-span and multi-span anchor system dynamic
performance test for fall arrest listed in Table 3:
o f the minimum material breaking strength o f the flexible anchor line (e.g. wire rope, fibre rope,
webbing) as specified in 7.1 v); and
not vary by more than ±20% from the data provided by the manufacturer (see 4.6.2.1.1 ).
4.6.2.2 Type C1L — load-limiting
COMMENTARY ON 4. 6 . 2. 2
Type C1L covers restraint – load-limiting (see Table 1).

4.6.2.2.2 Anchor devices used as part o f a type C1L anchor system shall conform to the static strength

a) the flexible anchor line at the centre o f the longest span permitted by the manu facturer;
b) the entry/exit line fittings and joint(s), where fitted,
Table 3, with the load applied via the anchor point on each traveller at an intermediate anchor, where
fitted, the anchor system shall hold the load.
NOTE Only one user per intermediate anchor is envisaged as the other user(s) is likely to be elsewhere on the
anchor system.
4.6.2.3 Type C2L and type C5L
COMMENTARY ON 4. 6 . 2. 3
Type C2L covers fall arrest – load-limiting (see Table 1).

Type C5L covers rescue – remotely or self-operated – direct attachment – load-limiting (see Table 1).
As rescue is a secondary function o f a fall arrest system, type C5L anchor systems have to meet the
deformation, dynamic performance and static strength requirements o f type C2L anchor systems (i.e. fall
arrest), plus additional dynamic performance test(s) to cater for the possibility o f a second fall during a
rescue. Therefore, these two types have been combined into this subclause.
4.6.2.3.3 When tested in accordance with 5.6.1 and the relevant anchor system dynamic performance test
listed in Table 3, with the load applied via the anchor point on each traveller to the flexible anchor
line at the centre o f the span, the anchor system shall hold the test mass clear o f the ground.
Table 3, with the load applied to the flexible anchor line via the anchor point on each traveller with
the traveller(s) positioned at:
a) the centre o f the longest span;

b) entry/exit line fittings, where fitted;

c) joints in the flexible anchor line, where fitted;
d) intermediate anchors, where fitted;
e) corner anchors, where fitted; and
f ) extremity anchors,
4.7 Marking and information supplied by the manufacturer
Marking o f anchor systems shall conform to Clause 6 .
Information shall be supplied with anchor systems in accordance with Clause 7 .
5 Anchor system test methods

COMMENTARY ON Clause 5
Where the manu facturer wishes to claim two or more application codes for an anchor system type and
where the deformation, dynamic performance, static strength and principal sa fety-critical test direction
requirements for one application meets or exceeds the requirements for another application for a stated
maximum system rating (SRmax), and maximum rated mass (RMmax), there is no requirement to duplicate
these tests.
5.1 Pre-test requirements
Verification (see 4.2.1 and Table 4) and testing o f anchor systems shall be carried out:
a) using a test laboratory in accordance with Annex A; and
b) by competent persons who are:
1) amiliar with the in formation supplied by the manufacturer; and
f
2) cognizant o f the potential installation configurations in order to identi fy the principal

safety-critical direction(s) for test load application.

Table 4 — Anchor system requirements for verification

Anchor system Requirement
General, Pre-testing verification and recording requirements, Materials, Design and ergonomics 4.1 , 4.2 , 4.3 , 4.4
Type A – non-load-limiting
Type A1 Restraint – non-load-limiting 4.5.1.1
Type A2 Fall arrest – non-load-limiting 4.5.1.2
Type A3 Rope access and work positioning – non-load-limiting 4.5.1.2
Type A4 Rescue – accompanied descent – non-load-limiting 4.5.1.3
Type A5 Rescue – remotely or sel f-operated – direct attachment – non-load-limiting 4.5.1.2
Type A6 Rescue – remotely operated – redirect attachment – non-load-limiting 4.5.1.3
Type A7 Evacuation – non-load-limiting 4.5.1.3
Type A – load-limiting
Type A1L Restraint – load-limiting 4.6.1.1
Type A2L Fall arrest – load-limiting 4.6.1.2
Type A5L Rescue – remotely or sel f-operated – direct attachment – 4.6.1.2
load-limiting
Type C – non-load-limiting
General 4.5.2.1
Type C1 Restraint – non-load-limiting 4.5.2.2
Type C2 Fall arrest – non-load-limiting 4.5.2.3
Type C5 Rescue – remotely or sel f-operated – direct attachment – 4.5.2.3
non-load-limiting
Type C – load-limiting
General 4.6.2.1
Type C1L Restraint – load-limiting 4.6.2.2
Type C2L Fall arrest – load-limiting 4.6.2.3
Type C5L Rescue – remotely or sel f-operated – direct attachment – 4.6.2.3
load-limiting
Type D – non-load-limiting
General 4.5.3.1
Type D1 Restraint – non-load-limiting 4.5.3.2
Type D2 Fall arrest – non-load-limiting 4.5.3.3
Type D3 Rope access and work positioning – non-load-limiting 4.5.3.3
Type D4 Rescue – accompanied descent – non-load-limiting 4.5.3.4
Type D5 Rescue – remotely or sel f-operated – direct attachment – non-load-limiting 4.5.3.3
Type D6 Rescue – remotely operated – redirect attachment – non-load-limiting 4.5.3.4
Type D7 Evacuation – non-load-limiting 4.5.3.4
5.2 Dynamic performance test apparatus and preparation
5.2.1 Test lanyard and determination of free fall distance
COMMENTARY ON 5.2.1
These tests determine the free fall distance needed to generate the relevant impact loads specified in
the dynamic tests. These are determined in advance of anchor system testing to establish what height
the test mass needs to free fall through in order to generate an impact load of (9 0+ .0 5 ) kN at the load
cell on the anchor point (see 5.5 to 5.7).

5.2.1.1 Prepare a test lanyard using an unused sample o f 11 mm single mountaineering rope con forming
to BS EN 892.
5.2.1.2 The mountaineering rope shall have an impact force o f (9 ±1.5) kN in the first dynamic test as
described in BS EN 892.
NOTE For further in formation, refer to in formation supplied by the rope manu facturer.
5.2.1.3 Terminate the test lanyard in loops, using sewn terminations with an overall lanyard length o f (1 000
+50
0 ) mm (see Figure 13).
Figure 13 — Test lanyard for the dynamic performance test using a 100 kg test mass
Dimensions in millimetres
5.2.1.4 Use the same test arrangements as those to be used in the dynamic performance tests, e.g. using
pulleys, connecting line. Carry out the test using a rigid anchor point, in accordance with Annex C,
fixed to the test apparatus, using a test mass o f (100 0+1 ) kg in accordance with Annex C, and a test
lanyard in accordance with 5.2.1.1 to 5.2.1.3 (see also Figure 13), to determine the free fall distance
o f the test mass required to generate a fall arrest load o f (9 0+0. 5 ) kN.
NOTE When testing over pulleys the free fall distance might need to be adjusted to achieve the load
o f (9 0+0. 5 ) kN.
5.2.2 Other dynamic performance test apparatus
COMMENTARY ON 5.2.2
An example o f a dynamic performance test apparatus is shown in Figure 14.
5.2.2.1 Connecting line between the test lanyard and the anchor system (where one is used), to be made o f
steel wire cable o f 8 mm diameter, 7 × 19 construction and fitted with suitable end terminations (see
Figure 14).
NOTE 1 It is not a requirement o f this British Standard to use a connecting line for any o f the dynamic performance
tests, but, if one is used, it is to be as described in 5.2.2.1 . This British Standard assumes that a connecting
line is used.
NOTE 2 Terminations should be selected to prevent slippage o f the connecting line. Swaged terminations are the
preferred option.
5.2.2.2 Test lanyard (see 5.2.1 ).

5.2.2.3 Test mass o f 100 kg for a single user, in accordance with Annex C.
5.2.2.4 Force measuring apparatus, in accordance with Annex C.
Figure 14 — Example o f the dynamic performance test apparatus
Key
1 100 kg test mass 5 Test apparatus
2 1 m test lanyard 6 Base material
3 Connecting line 7 Anchor device including structural anchor(s) or traveller
4 Pulleys 8 Load cell
5.3 Static strength test apparatus

Force measuring apparatus, in accordance with Annex C.
Connecting line, (where one is used), to be made o f steel wire cable 8 mm diameter, 7 × 19
construction and fitted with suitable end terminations (see Figure 15).
NOTE 1 It is not a requirement o f this British Standard to use a connecting line for any o f the static strength tests,
including the deformation tests, but, if one is used, it is to be as described in 5.3. This British Standard assumes that
a connecting line is used.
NOTE 2 Terminations should be selected to prevent slippage o f the connecting line. Swaged terminations are the
preferred option.

Figure 15 — Example of the static strength test apparatus
Key
1 Load application device, e.g. 4 Anchor device including structural anchor(s) or traveller
hydraulic ram, winch
2 Connecting line 5 Base material
3 Load cell 6 Test apparatus
5.4 General test requirements

5.4.1 Apply dynamic and static loads, as appropriate, in each relevant configuration and base material(s),
as permitted by the manufacturer.
5.4.2 Apply relevant dynamic and static loads to the anchor point(s), on the anchor system, in each
principal safety-critical direction, in one direction at a time (see 4.1.2 , Figure 10 and Annex C, C.5.5 ).
NOTE 1 Where dynamic and static strength tests are carried out in different directions, a new anchor device,
structural anchor(s), and/or base material or anchor system can be used for each sequence o f dynamic and static
strength tests. An example o f a sequence is the dynamic test(s) followed by the static strength test in one direction.
NOTE 2 When tested dynamically and statically, anchor systems might yield, deform and elongate.
5.4.3 Use a new test lanyard for each dynamic test.
5.4.4 Determine the mass o f any element o f an anchor system that is intended to be transported by a single
person by weighing.
5.5 Type A anchor systems test methods
5.5.1 General
5.5.1.1 Install the base material specified by the manufacturer in or on the test apparatus, as appropriate,
with the anchor device installed in or on the base material using a structural anchor(s), as specified in
the in formation supplied by the manufacturer.
5.5.1.2 Where a type A anchor system includes a pair o f anchor points [see Figure 2 e)], apply test loads
in the configurations permitted by the manu facturer, e.g. where each anchor point might be loaded
individually or where the load is shared between the two, such as a Y hang arrangement.
5.5.1.3 In the case o f paired anchor points, where the load is intended to be shared between the two, carry
out the test using metal links or wire rope and a Y hang arrangement with an included angle o f (120
+0 . 1
−1 0 )° when measured under a load o f (1 0 ) kN (see Figure 16).
0

Figure 16 — Example o f a Y hang arrangement for testing paired anchor devices
Key
1 Anchor point
2 Anchor device
3 Permanent fixing element/structural anchors
4 Metal link for testing purposes only, e.g. chain, wire rope, rods or straps
5 Removable link
L Load
NOTE The included angle o f 120° is specified to ensure that the load (L) is also applied to each anchor point.
5.5.2 Type A1
COMMENTARY ON 5.5.2
Type A1 covers restraint – non-load-limiting (see Table 1).
5.5.2.1 Static strength and deformation test — procedure
5.5.2.1.1 Attach the anchor system to the static strength test apparatus (see 5.3 ) and apply a load
equivalent to:
+1 0 % +0 . 25
(n × 3 × RMmax 0 ) kN, with a minimum o f n × 3 kN for (3 0 ) min,
where:
n = number o f users permitted by the manu facturer.
5.5.2.1.2 Release the load and measure and record the permanent de formation.

5.5.3 Type A2, type A3 and type A5

COMMENTARY ON 5.5.3
Type A2 covers fall arrest – non-load-limiting (see Table 1).
Type A3 covers rope access and work-positioning – non-load-limiting (see Table 1).
Type A5 covers rescue – remotely or self-operated – direct attachment – non-load-limiting (see Table 1).
5.5.3.1 Deformation test — procedure
equivalent to:
+1 0 % +0 . 25
where:
5.5.3.1.2 Release the load and measure and record the permanent deformation.
5.5.3.2 Dynamic performance test — procedure
5.5.3.2.1 Use the same anchor system as that used in the deformation test (see 5.5.3.1 ).
5.5.3.2.2 Attach the anchor system to the dynamic performance test apparatus (see 5.2.2 ). Attach a load cell to
the anchor device, with the free end o f the load cell attached to the connecting line and the free end o f
the connecting line to a test lanyard in accordance with 5.2.1 (see Figure 13).
5.5.3.2.3 Attach a quick release device to the test mass, which has a mass equivalent to 100 kg.
5.5.3.2.4 Attach the test mass, by means o f a connector, to the free end o f the test lanyard.
5.5.3.2.5 Move the test mass downwards until the test lanyard is taut and measure and record the position o f
the test mass.
5.5.3.2.6 Raise the test mass to the free fall distance determined in 5.2.1.4 and hold at a maximum o f 300 mm
horizontally from the suspension point (see Figure 14).
5.5.3.2.7 Release the test mass and measure and record the following:
a) maximum load at the anchor point;
b) the deflection o f the anchor device;
c) the displacement o f the anchor point; and
d) if the anchor system is equipped with a fall or overload indicator, check whether it indicates that
a fall has occurred.
5.5.3.2.8 Repeat the test described in 5.5.3.2.6 to 5.5.3.2.7 but without the need to measure and record the
results described in 5.5.3.2.7 a), b), c) and d), only recording i f the test mass has been held clear o f
the ground or not.
NOTE This second test is to take into account the possibility o f a second fall by the user, e.g. during self-rescue.
5.5.3.2.9 For a two-user anchor system, after carrying out the tests described in 5.5.3.2.1 to 5.5.3.2.8 , leave
the 100 kg test mass suspended from the anchor device and repeat the test described in 5.5.3.2.1 to
5.5.3.2.7 , using a second 100 kg test mass and test lanyard calibrated to generate a fall arrest load o f
(9 0+0. 50 ) kN. Measure and record the following:
a) maximum load at the anchor point; and
b) the deflection o f the anchor point.

5.5.3.3 Static strength test — procedure

5.5.3.3.1 Use the same anchor system as that used in the dynamic performance test (see 5.5.3.2 ).
equivalent to:
a) for a single-user anchor system:
+1 0 % +0 . 25
(10 × RMmax 0 ) kN, with a minimum o f 15 kN for (3 0 ) min,
b) for a two-user anchor system:
+1 0 % +0 . 25
{[(10 × RMmax) + 6] 0 } kN, with a minimum o f 21 kN for (3 0 ) min.
NOTE The figure "6" in the equation represents the additional user.
5.5.3.3.3 Record i f the load is held or not.
5.5.4 Type A4 and type A6

COMMENTARY ON 5.5.4
Type A4 covers rescue – accompanied descent – non-load-limiting (see Table 1).
Type A6 covers rescue – remotely operated – redirect attachment – non-load-limiting (see Table 1).
equivalent to:
+1 0 % +0 . 25
(2 × 3 × RMmax 0 ) kN, with a minimum o f 6 kN for (3 0 ) min.
NOTE 1 For type A4 anchor systems, by default, the figure "2" in the equation represents the number o f users.
NOTE 2 For type A6 anchor systems, the figure "2" is a factor introduced to replicate the increased load created by
the use o f a redirect attachment, e.g. overhead pulley.
equivalent to:
+1 0 % +0 . 25
NOTE 1 For type A4 anchor systems, by default, the figure "2" in the equation represents the number o f users.
NOTE 2 For type A6 anchor systems, the figure "2" is a factor introduced to replicate the increased load created by
the use o f a redirect attachment, e.g. overhead pulley.
5.5.4.2.3 Record if the load is held or not.
5.5.5 Type A7
COMMENTARY ON 5.5.5
Type A7 covers evacuation – non-load-limiting (see Table 1).
equivalent to:

+1 0 % +0 . 25
where:
equivalent to:
+1 0 % +0 . 25
+1 0 % +0 . 25
{[(10 × RMmax) + 6] 0 } kN, with a minimum o f 21 kN for (3 0 ) min.
NOTE The figure "6" in the equation represents the additional user.
5.5.6 Type A1L
COMMENTARY ON 5.5.6
Type A1L covers restraint – load-limiting (see Table 1).
equivalent to:
+1 0 % +0 . 25
(n × RMmax 0 ) kN, with a minimum o f n × 1 kN for (3 0 ) min,
where:
equivalent to:
+1 0 % +0 . 25
where:
5.5.7 Type A2L and type A5L
COMMENTARY ON 5.5.7
Type A2L covers fall arrest – load-limiting (see Table 1).
Type A5L covers rescue – remotely or self-operated – direct attachment – load-limiting (see Table 1).


equivalent to:
+1 0 % +0 . 25
(n × RMmax 0 ) kN, with a minimum o f n × 1 kN for (3 0 ) min,
where:
5.5.7.2.2 Attach the anchor system to the dynamic performance test apparatus (see 5.2.2 ). Attach a load cell to
the anchor device, with the free end o f the load cell attached to the connecting line and the free end o f
the connecting line to a test lanyard in accordance with 5.2.1 (see Figure 13).
the test mass.
a) maximum load at the anchor point;
b) the deflection o f the anchor device;
c) the displacement o f the anchor point; and
5.5.7.2.8 Repeat the test described in 5.5.7.2.6 and 5.5.7.2.7 , but without the need to measure and record
the results described in 5.5.7.2.7 a), b), c) and d), only recording if the test mass has been held clear
o f the ground.
the 100 kg test mass suspended from the anchor device and repeat the test described in 5.5.7.2.1 to
(9 0+0. 50 ) kN. Measure and record the following:
a) maximum load at the anchor point; and
b) the deflection o f the anchor point.
5.5.7.3.2 Attach the anchor system to the static strength test apparatus (see 5.3 ) and apply a load equivalent to
at least twice the maximum load recorded in 5.5.7.2.7 a) for a single-user anchor system or 5.5.7.2.9
+0 . 25
a) for a two-user anchor system, for (3 0 ) min.

5.6 Type C anchor systems test methods

COMMENTARY ON 5.6
In addition to the test methods for type C anchor systems, this subclause includes test methods for
specific anchor devices that are part o f the anchor system, i.e. those anchor devices that are to be tested
for deformation and for static strength.
5.6.1 General
NOTE Tests on anchor line fittings, including extremity, intermediate and corner anchors, need only to be carried
out once for each type and application. There is no requirement to repeat the test on identical anchor line fittings,
including extremity, intermediate and corner anchors.
5.6.1.1 Install the type C anchor systems in the following base materials:
a) for anchor device de formation tests, anchor system dynamic tests and anchor system static
strength tests: test apparatus which has a test bed base material constructed o f concrete
(re ferred to in this British Standard as concrete test bed); and
b) for anchor device static strength tests on extremity anchors, intermediate anchors and corner
anchors: in or on the base material o f a representative sample as specified by the manu facturer.
5.6.1.2 For anchor system dynamic performance tests and anchor system static strength tests on single-
span anchor systems, install the following in accordance with the information supplied by the
manufacturer:
a) extremity anchors on the test apparatus with a concrete test bed o f a size to suit the single-span
anchor system;
NOTE 1 The concrete test bed does not have to con form to the concrete strength requirements given in
Annex C, C.5.2.2.
NOTE 2 The anchor device deformation tests are carried out on the extremity anchors, see 5.6.1.2 a).
b) a flexible anchor line o f the longest and shortest span, horizontally with a tolerance o f ±3°; and
c) a load cell at each extremity o f the flexible anchor line (see Figure 17).
5.6.1.3 For anchor device static strength tests on the extremity anchors for single-span anchor systems,
install the following in accordance with the in formation supplied by the manufacturer:
a) base material(s) in or on the test apparatus, as appropriate; and
b) extremity anchor(s), as appropriate, in or on the base material(s) using a structural anchor(s).

Figure 17 — Example o f a type C single-span anchor system test arrangement
Key
1 Longest/shortest span
D Deflection (from the dynamic test)
Extremity anchor
Direction o f load
Energy-dissipating element (i f fitted)
Load cell
Traveller
5.6.1.4 For anchor system dynamic performance tests and anchor system static strength tests on multi-
span anchor systems, install the following in accordance with the in formation supplied by the
manu facturer:
a) extremity, intermediate and corner anchors, as appropriate, on the test apparatus with a
concrete test bed o f a size to suit the multi-span anchor system;
NOTE 1 The concrete test bed does not have to con form to the concrete strength requirements given in
Annex C, C.5.2.2.
b) a flexible anchor line including three spans, o f which a span o f the longest length is at one end o f
the installed flexible anchor line and where the other two spans are o f the shortest length (see
Figure 18), fitted horizontally with a tolerance o f ±3°;
c) an entry/exit line fitting and/or joint, where permitted by the manufacturer; and
d) a load cell at each extremity o f the flexible anchor line (see Figure 18).
NOTE 2 If the manu facturer o ffers a corner(s) as an option for the anchor system, include a 90° corner
between the shortest and longest straight spans (see Figure 19).
5.6.1.5 For anchor device static strength tests on the extremity anchors, intermediate anchors and corner
anchors for multi-span anchor systems, install the following in accordance with the information
supplied by the manufacturer:
a) base material(s) in or on the static strength test apparatus (see Figure 15); and
b) extremity anchors, intermediate anchors and corner anchors, as appropriate, in or on the base
material(s) using structural anchors;

Figure 18 — Example o f a type C multi-span anchor system test arrangement without a corner
Key
1 Longest span
2 Shortest span
Extremity anchor
Intermediate anchor
Direction o f load
Load cell
Traveller
Figure 19 — Example o f a type C multi-span anchor system test arrangement with a corner
Key
1 Longest span
2 Shortest span
Extremity anchor
Intermediate anchor
Corner anchor
Direction o f load
Load cell
Traveller

5.6.1.6 For both the anchor system dynamic performance tests and the anchor system static strength tests,
arrange the test configuration(s) to include the following:
a) the loading directions in use, e.g. intermediate and extremity anchors mounted on a wall, ceiling,
roo f or ground;
b) the span length (see Figure 18 and Figure 19);
NOTE A span equals the distance between fixed anchor points, e.g. extremity anchor and
intermediate anchor.
c) corners: internal and external corners, maximum deviation o f the flexible anchor line from a
straight line (see Figure 19); and
d) types and combinations o f components, e.g. energy absorber(s), terminations, intermediate
anchors, traveller, flexible anchor line(s).
5.6.1.7 Apply the load to the flexible anchor line via the anchor point o f a traveller, which is supplied and
fitted in accordance with in formation supplied by the manufacturer o f the anchor system or as agreed
between the test house and the manu facturer.
5.6.1.8 Where the intermediate anchor and corner anchor o f the flexible anchor line do not permit
articulation o f the traveller with the direction o f loading that could be applied in service, carry out
the anchor system static strength test in directions both in line and perpendicular to the intermediate
anchor, corner anchor and structural anchors, in accordance with 5.6.3.2 and 5.6.5.3 for non-load-
limiting anchor systems, and in accordance with 5.6.7.2 and 5.6.9.3 for load-limiting anchor systems.
5.6.1.9 I f the flexible anchor line can be installed with no intermediate anchor(s), i.e. it is a single-span
anchor system, configure the anchor system in accordance with:
a) 5.6.2 and 5.6.4 for type C1 restraint – non-load-limiting – single-span and type C2 fall arrest –
non-load-limiting – single-span; and
b) 5.6.6 and 5.6.8 for type C1L restraint – load-limiting – single-span and type C2L fall arrest –
load-limiting – single-span.
5.6.1.10 I f the flexible anchor line can be installed with an intermediate anchor(s), i.e. it is a multi-span anchor
system, configure the anchor system in accordance with:
a) 5.6.3 and 5.6.5 for type C1 restraint – non-load-limiting – multi-span and type C2 fall arrest –
non-load-limiting – multi-span; and
b) 5.6.7 and 5.6.9 for type C1L restraint – load-limiting – multi-span and type C2L fall arrest – load-
limiting – multi-span.
5.6.2 Type C1 — single-span
COMMENTARY ON 5.6.2
Type C1 covers restraint – non-load-limiting – single-span (see Table 1).
5.6.2.1 Anchor device deformation test — procedure
5.6.2.1.1 Carry out the test on an extremity anchor, using the same anchor system set-up as that used for the
anchor system static strength test.
5.6.2.1.2 Attach the anchor device to the static strength test apparatus (see 5.3 , Figure 15 and 5.6.1.1 ) and
apply a load equivalent to:
+1 0 % +0 . 25
in the principal safety-critical direction(s).

5.6.2.2 Anchor system static strength test — procedure

As the largest resultant loads (in the line and at extremity anchors) occur by virtue o f testing in the
longest span, there is no requirement to repeat the static strength test in the shortest span.
5.6.2.2.1 Carry out the test using a single-span anchor system with the longest permissible span, in accordance
with the information supplied by the manu facturer (see 5.6.1 and Figure 17).
5.6.2.2.2 Attach a load cell to the traveller, with the free end o f the load cell attached to the connecting line.
5.6.2.2.3 Position the traveller at the centre o f the span o f the flexible anchor line, with the free end o f the
connecting line attached to the test apparatus (see 5.3 ).
5.6.2.2.4 Apply a load equivalent to:
+1 0 % +0 . 25
where
5.6.2.2.5 Measure and record the following be fore releasing the load:
a) maximum load at the extremity anchors (Tmax); and
b) maximum deflection o f the flexible anchor line at the traveller.
5.6.2.2.6 Where there are entry/exit line fittings and/or a joint in the flexible anchor line, repeat the test
described in 5.6.2.2.4 to 5.6.2.2.5 with the traveller at these positions.
5.6.2.3 Anchor device static strength test — procedure
5.6.2.3.1 Carry out the test on an extremity anchor, using the static strength test apparatus (see Figure 15),
with the anchor device installed via a structural anchor(s) in or on a base material (not the concrete
test bed) in accordance with the in formation supplied by the manufacturer (see 5.6.1.3 ).
5.6.2.3.2 Attach the installed anchor device to the static strength test apparatus (see 5.3 , Figure 15
and 5.6.1.1 ).
5.6.2.3.3 Apply a load to the extremity anchor o f at least Tmax, as measured and recorded in 5.6.2.2.5 , with
a minimum o f:
+1 0 % +0 . 25
(3 0 ) kN, for (3 0 ) min,
5.6.2.3.5 Repeat the test for each base material specified by the manufacturer.
5.6.3 Type C1 — multi-span
COMMENTARY ON 5.6.3
Type C1 covers restraint – non-load-limiting – multi-span (see Table 1).
5.6.3.1.1 Carry out the test on an extremity anchor, an intermediate anchor and a corner anchor (where the
anchor system includes a corner anchor), using the same anchor system set-up as that used for the
anchor system static strength tests.
5.6.3.1.2 Attach a relevant anchor device to the static strength test apparatus (see 5.3 , Figure 15 and 5.6.1.1 )
and apply a load equivalent to:

+1 0 % +0 . 25
5.6.3.2.1 Carry out the test(s) using a multi-span anchor system with the longest permissible span in
accordance with the in formation supplied by the manufacturer (see 5.6.1 , Figure 18 and Figure 19).
5.6.3.2.3 Position the traveller at the centre o f the longest span o f the flexible anchor line, with the free end o f
the connecting line attached to the test apparatus (see 5.3 ).
(n × 3 × RMmax 0+1 0% ) kN, with a minimum o f n × 3 kN for (3 0+0. 25 ) min,
where
5.6.3.2.6 Repeat the test described in 5.6.3.2.4 to 5.6.3.2.5 on an intermediate anchor and, if fitted, on a
corner anchor, at an entry/exit line fitting and at a joint in the flexible anchor line with the traveller at
these positions.
5.6.3.3.1 Carry out the test on an extremity anchor, on an intermediate anchor and on a corner anchor (where
the anchor system includes a corner anchor), using the static strength test apparatus (see Figure 15),
with the anchor devices installed via a structural anchor(s) in or on a base material (not the concrete
5.6.3.3.2 Attach a relevant installed anchor device to the static strength test apparatus (see 5.3 , Figure 15
and 5.6.1.1 ).
5.6.3.3.3 For extremity anchors and corner anchors (where the anchor system includes a corner anchor), apply
a load first to the extremity anchor and then to the corner anchor o f at least Tmax, as measured and
recorded in 5.6.3.2.5 , with a minimum o f:
+1 0 % +0 . 25
(3 0 ) kN, for (3 0 ) min,
NOTE For extremity and corner anchors that are identical and use the same type and number o f structural
anchors, testing o f either the extremity anchor or the corner anchor is permissible.
5.6.3.3.6 For intermediate anchors, apply a load to the intermediate anchor equivalent to:

+1 0 % +0 . 25
(3 × RMmax 0 ) kN, with a minimum o f 3 kN for (3 0 ) min.
5.6.4 Type C2 and type C5 — single-span
COMMENTARY ON 5.6.4
Type C2 covers fall arrest – non-load-limiting – single-span (see Table 1).
Type C5 covers rescue – remotely or self-operated – direct attachment – non-load-limiting – single-span
(see Table 1).
anchor system dynamic performance tests and the anchor system static strength tests.
5.6.4.1.2 Attach the anchor device to the static strength test apparatus (see 5.3 Figure 15 and 5.6.1.1 ) and
apply a load equivalent to:
+1 0 % +0 . 25
5.6.4.2 Anchor system dynamic performance test — procedure
5.6.4.2.1 Carry out the tests using a single-span anchor system with the longest permissible span, in
accordance with the information supplied by the manu facturer (see 5.6.1 and Figure 17).
5.6.4.2.2 Attach a load cell to each end o f the flexible anchor line.
5.6.4.2.3 Attach a load cell to the traveller, with the free end o f the load cell attached to the connecting line and
the free end o f the connecting line attached to a test lanyard in accordance with 5.2.1 (see Figure 13).
5.6.4.2.4 Position the traveller at the centre o f the span o f the flexible anchor line.
5.6.4.2.6 Attach the test mass, by means o f a connector, to the free end of the test lanyard.
the test mass.
a) maximum load at the extremity anchors (Tmax) and traveller;
b) maximum deflection o f the flexible anchor line at the traveller, e.g. by high speed video,
displacement transducer; and
c) if the anchor system is equipped with a fall or overload indicator, check whether it indicates that
results described in 5.6.4.2.9 a), b) and c), only recording if the test mass has been held clear o f the
ground or not.

the 100 kg test mass suspended from the traveller and repeat the test described in 5.6.4.2.3 to
(9 0+0. 50 ) kN, and another traveller. Measure and record the following:
a) maximum load at the extremity anchors (Tmax) and traveller; and
5.6.4.2.12 For a three-user anchor system, after carrying out the tests described in 5.6.4.2.2 to 5.6.4.2.11 , leave
the two 100 kg test masses suspended from the traveller(s) and repeat the tests described in
5.6.4.2.3 to 5.6.4.2.9 , using a third 100 kg test mass and test lanyard calibrated to generate a fall
arrest load o f (9 0+0. 50 ) kN, and another traveller. Measure and record the following:
NOTE To prevent collision o f the test masses, the position o f the suspended test mass(es) can be lowered or raised.
5.6.4.2.13 After the anchor system static strength test (see 5.6.4.3 ), carry out the tests in accordance with
5.6.4.2.2 to 5.6.4.2.12 , as appropriate, using a single-span anchor system with the shortest
permissible span, in accordance with the in formation supplied by the manufacturer (see 5.6.1
and Figure 17).
5.6.4.3.1 Use the same anchor system as that used in the anchor system dynamic performance test
(see 5.6.4.2 ).
5.6.4.3.3 Position the traveller(s) at the centre o f the longest span and apply a load to the traveller(s) to
generate a load in the flexible anchor line equivalent to a minimum o f 2 × Tmax in accordance with
5.6.4.2.9 a), 5.6.4.2.11 a) or 5.6.4.2.12 a), as appropriate, for (3 0+0. 25 ) min.
NOTE Where necessary, it is permitted to apply the load to one or more travellers equivalent to the permissible
number o f users (e.g. for three users, three travellers can be used).
described in 5.6.4.3.3 with the traveller at these positions.
5.6.4.3.6 Re-position the traveller(s) adjacent to an extremity anchor and apply a load o f:
+1 0 % +0 . 25
and 5.6.1.1 ).

5.6.4.4.3 Apply a load to the extremity anchor equivalent to 2 × Tmax, as measured and recorded in accordance
with 5.6.4.2.9 a), 5.6.4.2.11 a) or 5.6.4.2.12 a), as appropriate, for (3 0+0. 25 ) min, in the principal
safety-critical direction(s).
5.6.5 Type C2 and type C5 — multi-span
COMMENTARY ON 5.6.5
Type C2 covers fall arrest – non-load-limiting – multi-span (see Table 1).
Type C5 covers rescue – remotely or self-operated – direct attachment – non-load-limiting – multi-span
(see Table 1).
5.6.5.1.2 Attach the relevant anchor device to the static strength test apparatus (see 5.3 , Figure 15 and 5.6.1.1 )
and apply a load equivalent to:
+1 0 % +0 . 25
5.6.5.2.1 Carry out the tests using a multi-span anchor system with the longest permissible span, in accordance
with the information supplied by the manu facturer (see 5.6.1 , Figure 18 and Figure 19).
5.6.5.2.4 Position the traveller at the centre o f the longest span o f the flexible anchor line.
the test mass.

ground or not.
5.6.5.2.2 to 5.6.5.2.12 , as appropriate, using a multi-span anchor system with the shortest
permissible span in accordance with the in formation supplied by the manufacturer (see 5.6.1 , Figure
18 and Figure 19).
(see 5.6.5.2 ).
5.6.5.3.6 Reposition the traveller(s) on an intermediate anchor and apply a load o f:
+1 0 % +0 . 25
5.6.5.3.8 Reposition the traveller(s) adjacent to an extremity anchor and apply a load o f:
+1 0 % +0 . 25


the anchor system includes a corner anchor), using the static strength test apparatus (see Figure
15), with the anchor device(s) installed via a structural anchor(s) in or on a base material (not the
concrete test bed) in accordance with the in formation supplied by the manufacturer (see 5.6.1.5 ).
and 5.6.1.1 ).
a load first to the extremity anchor and then to the corner anchor equivalent to 2 × Tmax, as measured
and recorded in accordance with 5.6.5.2.9 a), 5.6.5.2.11 a) or 5.6.5.2.12 a), as appropriate, for (3
+1 0 %
0 ) min in the principal safety-critical direction(s).
5.6.5.4.4 Release i f the load is held o f not.
NOTE For extremity anchors and corner anchors that are identical and use the same type and number o f
structural anchors, testing o f either the extremity anchor or the corner anchor is permissible.
+0 . 25 +0 . 25
5.6.6 Type C1L — single-span
COMMENTARY ON 5.6.6
Type C1L covers restraint – load-limiting – single-span (see Table 1).
5.6.6.1.2 For a single-user anchor system, attach the anchor device to the static strength test apparatus
(see 5.3 , Figure 15 and 5.6.1.1 ) and apply a load equivalent to:
+1 0 % +0 . 25
5.6.6.1.4 For a two-user anchor system, attach the anchor device to the static strength test apparatus (see 5.3 ,
Figure 15 and 5.6.1.1 ) and apply a load equivalent to:
+1 0 % +0 . 25
(1.5 × RMmax 0 ) kN, with a minimum o f 1.5 kN for (3 0 ) min,
5.6.6.1.6 For a three-user anchor system, attach the anchor device to the static strength test apparatus (see
5.3 , Figure 15 and 5.6.1.1 ) and apply a load equivalent to:
+1 0 % +0 . 25


with the in formation supplied by the manufacturer (see 5.6.1 and Figure 17).
5.6.6.2.3 Position the traveller at the centre o f the span o f the flexible anchor line, with the free end o f the
connecting line attached to the test apparatus (see 5.3 ).
+1 0 % +0 . 25
where
described in 5.6.6.2.4 to 5.6.6.2.5 with the traveller at these positions.
and 5.6.1.1 ).
5.6.6.3.3 Apply a load to the extremity anchor equivalent to at least Tmax, measured and recorded in 5.6.6.2.5
with a minimum o f:
+1 0 % +0 . 25
(3 0 ) kN for (3 0 ) min,
5.6.7 Type C1L — multi-span
COMMENTARY ON 5.6.7
Type C1L covers restraint – load-limiting – multi-span (see Table 1).

5.6.7.1.2 For a single-user anchor system, attach the relevant anchor device to the static strength test
apparatus (see 5.3 , Figure 15 and 5.6.1.1 ) and apply a load equivalent to:
+1 0 % +0 . 25
5.6.7.1.4 For a two-user anchor system, attach the relevant anchor device to the static strength test apparatus
+1 0 % +0 . 25
5.6.7.1.6 For a three-user anchor system, attach the relevant anchor device to the static strength test apparatus
+1 0 % +0 . 25
5.6.7.2.1 Carry out the test using a multi-span anchor system with the longest permissible span, in accordance
5.6.7.2.3 Position the traveller at the centre o f the longest span o f the flexible anchor line, with the free end o f
the connecting line attached to the test apparatus (see 5.3 ).
+1 0 % +0 . 25
where
5.6.7.2.6 Repeat the test described in 5.6.7.2.4 to 5.6.7.2.5 on an intermediate anchor and, i f fitted, on a
corner anchor, at an entry/exit line fitting and at a joint in the flexible anchor line, with the traveller
at these positions.

and 5.6.1.1 ).
a load first to the extremity anchor and then to the corner anchor o f at least Tmax, as measured and
recorded in 5.6.7.2.5 , with a minimum o f:
+1 0 % +0 . 25
(3 0 ) kN, for (3 0 ) min,
NOTE For extremity and corner anchors that are identical and use the same type and number o f structural
anchors, testing o f either the extremity anchor or the corner anchor is permissible.
+1 0 % +0 . 25
5.6.8 Type C2L and type C5L — single-span
COMMENTARY ON 5.6.8
Type C2L covers fall arrest – load-limiting – single span (see Table 1).
Type C5L covers rescue – remotely or self-operated – direct attachment – load-limiting – single-span
(see Table 1).
5.6.8.1.2 For a single-user anchor system, attach the anchor device to the static strength test apparatus
+1 0 % +0 . 25
5.6.8.1.4 For a two-user anchor system, attach the anchor device to the static strength test apparatus (see 5.3 ,
Figure 15 and 5.6.1.1 ) and apply a load equivalent to:
+1 0 % +0 . 25
5.6.8.1.6 For a three-user anchor system, attach the anchor device to the static strength test apparatus (see
5.3 , Figure 15 and 5.6.1.1 ) and apply a load equivalent to:
+1 0 % +0 . 25


with the information supplied by the manu facturer (see 5.6.1 and Figure 17).
5.6.8.2.4 Position the traveller at the centre o f the span o f the flexible anchor line.
the test mass.
ground or not.
5.6.8.2.2 to 5.6.8.2.12 , as appropriate, using a single-span anchor system with the shortest
permissible span in accordance with the information supplied by the manu facturer (see 5.6.1
and Figure 17).


5.6.8.3.6 Reposition the traveller(s) adjacent to an extremity anchor and apply the following load:
+1 0 % +0 . 25
and 5.6.1.1 ).
5.6.8.4.3 Apply a load to the extremity anchor equivalent to a minimum o f 2 × Tmax, measured and recorded in
accordance with 5.6.8.2.9 a), 5.6.8.2.11 a) or 5.6.8.2.12 a), as appropriate, for (3 0+0. 25 ) min in the
principal safety-critical direction(s).
5.6.9 Type C2L and type C5L — multi-span
COMMENTARY ON 5.6.9
Type C2L covers fall arrest – load-limiting – multi span (see Table 1).
Type C5L covers rescue – remotely or self-operated – direct attachment – load-limiting – multi-span
(see Table 1).
5.6.9.1.2 For a single-user anchor system, attach the relevant anchor device to the static strength test
apparatus (see 5.3 , Figure 15 and 5.6.1.1 ) and apply a load equivalent to:

+1 0 % +0 . 25
5.6.9.1.4 For a two-user anchor system, attach the relevant anchor device to the static strength test apparatus
+1 0 % +0 . 25
5.6.9.1.6 For a three-user anchor system, attach the relevant anchor device to the static strength test apparatus
+1 0 % +0 . 25
5.6.9.2.1 Carry out the tests using a multi-span anchor device with the longest permissible span in accordance
5.6.9.2.4 Position the traveller at the centre o f the longest span o f the flexible anchor line.
the test mass.
5.6.9.2.10 Repeat the test described in 5.6.9.2.8 to 5.6.9.2.9 but without the need to measure and record
the results described in 5.6.9.2.9 a), b) and c), only recording i f the test mass has been held clear
o f the ground.


NOTE To prevent collision o f the test masses(es), the position o f the suspended test mass(es) can be
lowered or raised.
5.6.9.2.2 to 5.6.9.2.12 , as appropriate, using a multi-span anchor system with the shortest
permissible span in accordance with the in formation supplied by the manufacturer (see 5.6.1 , Figure
18 and Figure 19).
(see 5.6.9.2 ).
described in 5.6.9.3.3 at these positions.
5.6.9.3.6 Reposition the traveller(s) on an intermediate anchor and apply the following load:
+1 0 % +0 . 25
5.6.9.3.8 Reposition the traveller(s) adjacent to an extremity anchor and apply the following load:
+1 0 % +0 . 25

and 5.6.1.1 ).
a load first to the extremity anchor and then to the corner anchor equivalent to 2 × Tmax, as measured
and recorded in accordance with 5.6.9.2.9 a), 5.6.9.2.11 a) or 5.6.9.2.12 a), as appropriate, for (3
+0 . 25
0 ) min in the principal safety-critical direction(s).
NOTE For extremity anchors and corner anchors that are identical and use the same type and number o f
structural anchors, testing o f either the extremity anchor or the corner anchor is permissible.
+1 0 % +0 . 25
5.7 Type D non-load-limiting anchor systems test methods
5.7.1 General
NOTE Tests on cantilevers and anchor line fittings, including extremity, intermediate and corner anchors, need
only to be carried out once for each type and application. There is no requirement to repeat the test on identical
cantilevers and anchor line fittings, including extremity, intermediate and corner anchors.
5.7.1.1 Install the base material specified by the manufacturer in or on the test apparatus, as appropriate,
with the anchor system installed in or on the base material using a structural anchor(s) as specified
in the in formation supplied by the manufacturer.
5.7.1.2 Install the extremity, intermediate and corner anchors, as appropriate, horizontally, with a tolerance
o f ±3°, or at the maximum angle specified by the manu facturer, in or on the base material, using
structural anchors in accordance with the information supplied by the manu facturer.
5.7.1.3 Arrange the test configuration(s) and carry out the appropriate tests to include the following,
where relevant:
a) the principal safety-critical loading directions, taking into account the location o f intermediate
and extremity anchors, e.g. mounted on a wall, ceiling, roo f or ground;
b) the longest span length and maximum permitted cantilever distance (see Figure 20);
NOTE A span equals the distance between fixed anchor points, e.g. extremity anchor and
intermediate anchor.
c) a corner at the maximum radius (see Figure 21); and
d) types and combinations o f anchor line fittings, e.g. entry/exit line fitting, end stop, intermediate
anchor, traveller, rigid anchor line joint or junction.
5.7.1.4 Apply the load to the rigid anchor line via the anchor point o f a traveller, which is supplied and fitted
in accordance with the information supplied by the manu facturer.

Figure 20 — Example o f a type D anchor system test arrangement with a cantilever
Key
d Cantilever distance
Load cell
Anchor line fitting
Load direction
End stop
Traveller
Figure 21 — Example o f a type D anchor system test arrangement with a corner
Key
Rigid anchor line joint or junction
Load cell
Anchor line fitting
Load direction
End stop
Traveller
5.7.2 Type D1
COMMENTARY ON 5.7.2
Type D1 covers restraint – non-load-limiting (see Table 1).
5.7.2.1 Static strength and deformation test — procedure
(n × 3 × RMmax 0+1 0% ) kN, with a minimum o f n × 3 kN for (3 0+0. 25 ) min,
where:
n = number o f users permitted by the manu facturer,

at the centre o f the longest span, and at each di fferent anchor line fitting (e.g. end stop), corner and
cantilever, where fitted (see 5.7.1 ), via a traveller in the principal safety-critical direction(s).
5.7.3 Type D2, type D3 and type D5
COMMENTARY ON 5.7.3
Type D2 covers fall arrest – non-load-limiting (see Table 1).
Type D3 covers rope access and work-positioning – non-load-limiting (see Table 1).
Type D5 covers rescue – remotely or self-operated – direct attachment – non-load-limiting (see Table 1).
+0 . 50 +0 . 50
where:
5.7.3.2.1 Use the same anchor system as used in the deformation test, see 5.7.3.1 .
the free end o f the connecting line to a test lanyard in accordance with 5.2.1 (see Figure 13).
5.7.3.2.3 Position the traveller at the centre o f the longest span o f the rigid anchor line.
the test mass.
a) maximum load at the traveller;
b) the deflection o f the rigid anchor line;
c) the displacement o f the traveller measured from its initial position to its point o f rest; and
results described in 5.7.3.2.8 a), b), c) and d), only recording i f the test mass has been held clear o f
the ground or not.

(9 0+1 0% ) kN, and another traveller. Measure and record the following:
b) deflection o f the rigid anchor line; and
c) the displacement o f the travellers measured from their initial position to their point o f rest.
5.7.3.2.11 For a three-user anchor system, after carrying out the test described in 5.7.3.2.2 to 5.7.3.2.10 , leave
b) deflection o f the rigid anchor line; and
c) the displacement o f the travellers measured from their initial position to their point o f rest.
5.7.3.2.12 I f anchor line fittings, corners and cantilevers are o ffered by the manufacturer, see 5.7.1.3 , repeat the
tests described in 5.7.3.2.2 to 5.7.3.2.11 , as appropriate, with a traveller at each di fferent anchor
line fitting, corner and cantilever at the maximum distances permitted and measure and record
the following:
b) the deflection o f the rigid anchor line; and
c) the displacement o f the traveller measured from its initial position to its point o f rest.
5.7.3.3.2 Position the traveller(s) at the centre o f the longest span.
5.7.3.3.3 For a single-user anchor system, apply a load equivalent to:
+1 0 % +0 . 25
(10 × RMmax 0 ) kN, with a minimum o f 15 kN, for (3 0 ) min,
using one traveller attached to the rigid anchor line.
5.7.3.3.5 For a two-user anchor system, apply a load equivalent to:
+1 0 % +0 . 25
{[(10 × RMmax) + 6] 0 } kN, with a minimum o f 21 kN for (3 0 ) min,
using two travellers linked together to bear the load.
NOTE 1 The figure "6" in the equation represents the additional user.
NOTE 2 If permitted by the manu facturer, a single traveller can be used.
5.7.3.3.7 For a three-user anchor system apply a load equivalent to:
+1 0 % +0 . 25
using three travellers linked together to bear the load.
NOTE 1 The figure "12" in the equation represents two additional users.
NOTE 2 If permitted by the manu facturer, a single or two travellers can be used.

5.7.3.3.9 Repeat the tests described in 5.7.3.3.1 to 5.7.3.3.8 , as appropriate, at each di fferent anchor line
fitting (e.g. end stop), corner and cantilever, where fitted, via a traveller in the principal safety-critical
direction(s).
5.7.4 Type D4
COMMENTARY ON 5.7.4
Type D4 covers rescue – accompanied descent – non-load-limiting (see Table 1).
+1 0 % +0 . 25
where:
5.7.4.2.2 Position the traveller(s) at the centre o f the longest span in accordance with the information supplied
by the manu facturer.
+1 0 % +0 . 25
[(2 × 10 × RMmax) 0 ] kN, with a minimum o f 21 kN for (3 0 ) min,
NOTE 1 By default, the figure "2" in the equation represents the number o f users.
5.7.4.2.5 For a three-user anchor system, apply a load equivalent to:
+1 0 % +0 . 25
{[(2 × 10) + 6] × RMmax 0 } kN, with a minimum o f 27 kN for (3 0 ) min,
NOTE 1 The figure "2" in the equation represents the number o f users (two), and the figure "6" represents the
additional (third) user.
NOTE 2 If permitted by the manu facturer, a single or two travellers can be used.
fitting (e.g. end stop), corner and cantilever, where fitted, via a traveller in all in the principal safety-
critical direction(s).
5.7.5 Type D6
COMMENTARY ON 5.7.5
Type D6 covers remotely operated – redirect attachment – non-load-limiting (see Table 1).

For type D anchor systems that incorporate a type D6 anchor system, the permitted number o f users is
reduced (derated) by one due to the increased load applied when using a redirect rescue, e.g. a type D3
anchor system for three users could be used for one type D6 rescue plus one further user.
+1 0 % +0 . 25
(2 × 3 × RMmax 0 ) kN, with a minimum o f 6 kN for (3 0 ) min;
NOTE 1 The figure "2" in the equation is a factor introduced to replicate the double load created by the use o f
a redirect attachment, e.g. overhead pulley.
+1 0 % +0 . 25
{[(2 × 3) + 3] × RMmax 0 } kN, with a minimum o f 9 kN for (3 0 ) min;
NOTE 2 The figure "2" in the equation is a factor introduced to replicate the double load created by the use o f
a redirect attachment, e.g. overhead pulley.
NOTE 3 The second figure "3" in the equation represents the additional user.
or a single-user anchor system:
f
+1 0 % +0 . 25
using a single traveller attached to the rigid anchor line.
NOTE 1 The figure "2" in the equation is a factor introduced to replicate the increased load created by the use o f a
redirect attachment, e.g. overhead pulley.
or a two-user anchor system:
f
+1 0 % +0 . 25
{[(2 × 10) + 6] × RMmax 0 } kN, with a minimum o f 27 kN for (3 0 ) min.
using two travellers attached to the rigid anchor line.
NOTE 2 The figure "2" in the equation is a factor introduced to replicate the increased load created by the use o f a
redirect attachment, e.g. overhead pulley.
5.7.5.2.5 Repeat the test described in 5.7.5.2.3 to 5.7.5.2.4 at each different anchor line fitting (e.g. end stop),
corner and cantilever, where fitted, via a traveller in all in the principal safety-critical direction(s).
5.7.6 Type D7
COMMENTARY ON 5.7.6
Type D7 covers evacuation – non-load-limiting (see Table 1).


+1 0 % +0 . 25
where:
5.7.6.2.3 For a single-user anchor system, apply a load equivalent to:
+1 0 % +0 . 25
(10 × RMmax 0 ) kN, with a minimum o f 15 kN, for (3 0 ) min,
using one traveller attached to the rigid anchor line.
5.7.6.2.5 For a two-user anchor system, apply a load equivalent to:
+1 0 % +0 . 25
5.7.6.2.7 For a three-user anchor system, apply a load equivalent to:
+0 . 5 +0 . 5
NOTE 1 The figure "12" in the equation represents two additional users.
NOTE 2 If permitted by the manu facturer, one or two travellers can be used.
fitting (e.g. end stop), corner and cantilever, where fitted, via a traveller in all in the principal safety-
critical direction(s).
5.8 Corrosion resistance test method
5.8.1 Expose representative samples o f the metal parts o f the anchor system to the neutral salt spray test in
accordance with BS EN ISO 9227 for a period o f (24 0+0. 5 ) h.
5.8.2 Dry for (60 +0 . 5
−1 . 0 ) min at (20 ±2) °C.
5.8.3 Repeat the procedure described in 5.8.1 and 5.8.2 , so that the metal parts o f the anchor system are
subjected in total to (96 +10 ) h exposure to the neutral salt spray test.

5.8.4 Examine the metal parts o f the anchor system to veri fy that they con form to 4.3.1.1 . When it is
necessary to gain visual access to the internal elements, dismantle the anchor device.
6 Marking
COMMENTARY ON CLAUSE 6
The purpose o f this clause is to ensure that the anchor system has adequate markings to ensure product
identification, traceability and to direct the user to the in formation supplied by the manu facturer and
installer. This is achieved by marking on the product and, where necessary, adjacent to it.
6.1 Marking o f the anchor system shall be provided by the manufacturer and/or their authorized
representative. Marking shall be legible and permanent both at the point o f sale and after installation.
The minimum type size shall be 8-point.
6.2 The marking o f anchor systems (see Figure 22) shall be by any suitable method not having a harmful
e ffect on the materials marked and shall include:
a) means o f identification, e.g. manufacturer’s name, supplier’s name, or trademark;
b) means o f traceability, e.g. unique serial number, batch number or date o f manufacture;
c) number and year o f the document to which the anchor system con forms, i.e. BS 8610:2017 1 ;
d) pictogram to indicate the necessity for users to read the instructions for use (see Figure 23); and
e) anchor system identifier, e.g. name (i f more than one anchor system is marketed by the
manu facturer).
Figure 22 — Example o f anchor system marking
6.3 In addition to 6.1 and 6.2 , the following information shall be marked on or adjacent to the anchor
system (see Figure 23):
a) anchor system type and application code in accordance with Table 1;

NOTE An example o f the marking o f an anchor device for restraint, fall arrest, rope access and work
positioning – non-load-limiting is A1/A2/A3 (see Table 1 and Table 2). An example o f the marking o f an
anchor device for restraint and fall arrest – load-limiting is A1L/A2L (see Table 1 and Table 2).
b) the maximum number o f users permitted simultaneously (including a rescuer, where relevant);
c) the maximum rated mass (RMmax) per user in kg;
d) the permissible direction(s) o f loading;
1 Marking BS 8610:2017 on or in relation to a product represents a manu facturer’s declaration o f conformity, i.e. a claim by or on behal f o f
the manufacturer that the product meets the requirements o f the standard. The accuracy o f the claim is solely the claimant’s responsibility.
Such a declaration is not to be con fused with third-party certification o f conformity.

e) the specific requirement relating to the correct use o f the anchor system, e.g. maximum
lanyard length;
f ) the date o f the next periodic examination; and
g) a warning, which states:
WARNING
Be fore use, check that this anchor system is appropriate for your intended use.
NOTE Electronic means can also be used, e.g. radio frequency identification (RFID), quick response (QR) codes.
Figure 23 — Example of additional anchor system marking
6.4 Where all or part o f the information required in 6.3 is not marked on the anchor system itsel f, the
information not marked on the anchor system shall be provided by the manufacturer for the installer
to position at an appropriate place adjacent to the anchor system. Where the duty holder does not
allow the installer to provide marking adjacent to the anchor system, a robust procedure shall be
put into place to ensure the user has easy and uninterrupted access to the relevant anchor system
information, e.g. anchor system technical file, structure technical file.
NOTE Additional details for the user could also be provided at this point, e.g. number o f users per span, how to
check a fall or overload indicator.
7 Information to be supplied by the manufacturer

COMMENTARY ON CLAUSE 7
It is important that su fficient in formation is provided by the manu facturer and the installer to enable
the user to use the anchor system correctly and for a suitably qualified examining body to carry out the
periodic examination. See BS 7883 for in formation to be supplied by the installer.
7.1 General
Information provided by the manu facturer shall be legible and precise, containing appropriate detail,
supplemented by diagrams, i f appropriate, to ensure the correct installation and use o f the anchor
system. The minimum type size shall be 6-point.
Information supplied by the manu facturer shall be provided to the installer for use as the basis o f the
anchor system technical file, which is to be delivered on completion o f the installation for retention

by the structure owner. This system technical file should subsequently be made available to the user
and examining body, as appropriate, for the lifetime o f the installation.
NOTE 1 For more in formation on the contents o f the anchor system technical file, see BS 7883.
NOTE 2 In formation for the anchor system can be supplied electronically, e.g. RFID, QR codes.
The manufacturer shall provide, as a minimum, the following in formation:
a) name and contact details o f the manufacturer or their authorized representative as appropriate;
b) statements describing the anchor system for each application and each base material, clearly
indicating all known application parameters and limitations o f use, where relevant, e.g.:
1) the maximum number o f users and maximum rated mass o f users permitted
simultaneously;
NOTE 3 When the anchor system is in use, the number o f users permitted to use the anchor system should
take into account the potential use by a rescuer.
2) permissible direction(s) o f loading;
3) structural limits, e.g. base material minimum strength, minimum structural thickness,
minimum edge distance(s), minimum spacing between anchor devices;
4) structural anchor type and specification, e.g. make, model, type, diameter and length;
5) maximum span; and
6) maximum cantilever distance.
c) a declaration o f con formity with the following information:
1) confirmation that the anchor system has been tested in accordance with this
British Standard;
2) identification o f the anchor system, i.e. model name/number;
3) a description o f the type o f anchor system, including the fixing element(s), category and
application(s) o f use and base material(s), e.g. a type A resin-bonded eyebolt for restraint,
for two users, using a named resin with an embedment depth o f 100 mm for use in concrete
with a minimum grade o f C20;
4) the manufacturer’s name and address;
5) the name o f the organization that carried out the testing;
6) the description o f the quality management system in place, e.g. BS EN ISO 9001;
7) the manufacturer’s authorized signatory;
d) a warning that an anchor system shall not be used outside its limitations or for any purposes
other than that for which it is intended;
e) a warning that anchor systems shall only be used by a user(s) trained and competent in its
correct use;
f ) a statement providing a detailed description o f the base material(s) in which the anchor system
can be installed, including the method o f using the approved permanent fixing element(s);
g) that when the anchor system is used as part o f a system for fall arrest, rope access, work
positioning, rescue, or evacuation, the user(s) shall be equipped with a means o f limiting the
maximum dynamic load exerted on the user(s) during the arrest o f a fall to a maximum o f 6 kN;
h) the maximum load(s) that could be transmitted from the anchor system to the base material in
the directions o f loading likely to be encountered in use;

i) a warning against making any alterations or additions to the anchor system without the
manu facturer’s prior written consent, and that any repair shall only be carried out in accordance
with the manu facturer’s procedures;
j) instructions detailing the means o f attaching the appropriate personal fall protection equipment
to the anchor system;
k) a warning o f any dangers that might arise by the use o f combinations o f items o f equipment
in which the correct function o f any one item is affected by or interferes with the correct
function o f another;
l) details o f the compatible personal fall protection equipment to be used with the anchor system,
appropriate to the particular category and application(s) o f use, and any specific limitations that
apply, e.g. type o f harness, length and type o f lanyard;
m) that connectors not supplied by the manu facturer, but recommended by them, to be attached to
anchor points are such that:
1) they ensure easy engagement and disengagement to and from the anchor points;
2) gates or other closing mechanisms are able to close and be locked without interference
when engaged in the anchor point;
3) they are able to rotate freely around the anchor point such that they can sel f-align in the
directions o f use and in the principal safety-critical directions when under load; and
4) rotation and alignment under load shall is not so impeded to allow loading on the gate or
other closing mechanism;
n) in formation that an anchor system should be positioned to prevent a fall or minimize the
fall distance;
o) for anchor systems intended for work restraint, a warning to emphasize that it is essential for
safety that anchor systems for restraint are installed in a location or locations which ensures
there is no possibility o f a fall occurring where there is a likelihood o f collision with the ground
or other obstacle, or where the anchor line or lanyard could pass over an edge;
p) for anchor systems intended to be used for fall arrest, rope access and work positioning, a
warning to emphasize that it is essential for safety to veri fy the free space required beneath
the user at the workplace be fore each occasion o f use, so that, in the case o f a fall, there is no
collision with the ground or other obstacle in the fall path;
q) the maximum deflection o f anchor systems and displacement o f the anchor point, e.g. traveller,
that could occur in use, e.g. to protect against a fall due to deflection o f a flexible anchor line in a
restraint system; to calculate the maximum free fall distance in a fall arrest system;
r) for load-limiting anchor systems intended to de form during deployment, guidance on their
suitability and limitations o f use in di fferent types o f personal fall protection systems, e.g. fall
arrest, restraint;
s) in formation on the materials from which all components o f the anchor system are made;
t) in formation on the suitability o f the materials o f all components to resist corrosion in di fferent
environments in which the anchor system might be used, e.g. dry internal, humid internal,
external rural areas, external industrial areas, coastal areas, marine areas, and other potentially
aggressive corrosive environments;
u) a statement o f any known limit to the safe, useable li fe o f the anchor system or any element
o f the anchor system, taking into account each di fferent environment in which the anchor

system might be used and/or advice on how to determine when the anchor system is no longer
safe to use;
v) for anchor systems that incorporate a flexible anchor line, the minimum material breaking
strength o f the flexible anchor line;
w) in formation on the hazards that might affect the performance o f the anchor system and
corresponding safety precautions that have to be observed, e.g. extremes o f temperature,
potentially aggressive corrosive environments;
x) instructions for any maintenance o f the system, including the frequency at which any
maintenance operations are to be carried out;
y) instructions, as relevant, on how to protect the anchor system against damage during
transportation;
z) in formation on the meaning o f any marking in accordance with Clause 6 and any additional
marking provided by the manufacturer or his authorized representative;
aa) the name and address o f the independent test laboratory that has undertaken any independent
anchor system test verification against this British Standard; and
bb) for anchor systems that include a fall or overload indicator, in formation on how to inspect it.
Where additional relevant information specific to the anchor system is required, this shall also
be provided.
7.2 Additional information to be supplied by the manufacturer for the user of the anchor
system and the duty holder
The in formation supplied by the manu facturer for the user o f the anchor system and the duty holder
shall, in addition to 7.1 , include, as a minimum, the following advice or information:
a) a warning that a rescue plan is required to deal with any emergencies that could
arise during use;
b) that, following installation and commissioning o f an anchor system, the installer is to hand
over the anchor system documentation, including any relevant certification, to the user and/or
duty holder;
c) a procedure for pre-use checks and periodic examination (see 7.4);
d) instruction for the user to carry out a pre-use check o f the anchor system, to ensure it is in a
serviceable condition and operates correctly be fore it is used;
e) the features o f the anchor system that require the pre-use check, the method o f checking, and the
criteria against which the user can decide whether or not the anchor system is de fective;
f ) a warning stating it is essential for safety that an anchor system is withdrawn from use
immediately should any doubt arise about its condition for safe use or i f it has been used to
arrest a fall and not used again until confirmed in writing by a competent person that it is
acceptable to do so; and
g) that for type D6 anchor systems for redirect rescue, the manufacturer ensures users are made
aware that the permitted number o f users is reduced (derated) by one user due to the increased
load applied when using a redirect rescue, e.g. a type D anchor system for three users could be
used for one type D6 rescue plus one further user.

7.3 Additional information to be supplied by the manufacturer for the installer

The in formation supplied by the manufacturer for the installer o f the anchor system shall, in addition
to 7.1 , include, as a minimum, the following advice or information:
a) a warning that anchor systems are only to be installed by a manufacturer’s authorized
representative who is trained and competent in the installation o f the particular anchor system;
b) the detailed specification o f structural anchors used to attach the anchor system to the base
material. The specification shall include all details in accordance with BS 8539, e.g. manufacturer,
designation, order code, diameter and length, material and finish, together with installation
instructions needed to allow the installer to select the correct structural anchor (i f not provided
as part o f the anchor system) and to install the structural anchor correctly. Alternative structural
anchor specifications shall not be used without the manufacturer’s documented permission to
ensure con formity to this British Standard;
c) a recommendation that where the structural anchor is to be installed in a base material o f a
type approved by the manu facturer but whose strength might be unknown, trial tests should be
carried out in accordance with BS 7883;
d) details o f structural limits that apply to the anchor system, e.g. base material configuration
(such as cladding and roofing systems, hollow core concrete, solid masonry, cavity brickwork),
minimum structural strength, minimum structural thickness, minimum edge distances and
minimum spacing between structural anchors, see Annex A, A.4 and Annex C;
e) details o f additional strengthening requirements o f the base material in the location o f the
anchor device, e.g. additional roo fsheet fixings;
f ) an appropriate verification method to ensure correct installation, e.g. proo f load testing, torque
testing, visual inspection;
g) that, i f the marking o f the anchor device is not visible after installation, additional marking near
the anchor device is to be provided by the installer (see Clause 6 ); and
h) a reminder that the installer is to provide an anchor system technical file (see BS 7883) to the
structure owner for the use o f all relevant stakeholders, e.g. users and examining bodies.
7.4 Information to be provided by the manufacturer for periodic examination
Information supplied by the manu facturer regarding procedures for periodic examination shall
include, as a minimum, advice or information as follows:
a) unless otherwise stated, that periodic examination is to be carried out in accordance with the
in formation supplied by the manufacturer and, where applicable, in accordance with BS 7883;
b) a warning to emphasize that a periodic examination is only to be conducted by a competent
person for periodic examination and strictly in accordance with the manufacturer’s periodic
examination procedures;
c) where the manu facturer deems it necessary, an instruction that anchor systems are only to
be periodically examined by a manu facturer’s authorized representative who is trained and
competent in the periodic examination o f the particular anchor system;
d) the full scope o f the tests and examinations to be carried out for the particular anchor system
in accordance with the information supplied by the manu facturer, e.g. visual inspection, torque
checking o f bolted connections, load testing, functionality, the proportion o f anchor systems
needed to be disassembled and all aspects to be checked in such an inspection;
e) the period between examinations for each type o f anchor system and each application o f use;

f ) for anchor systems that include a fall or overload indicator, in formation on how to inspect the fall
or overload indicator;
g) pass/fail criteria for all aspects o f the anchor system required to be periodically examined;
h) a requirement to check the legibility o f the marking o f the anchor system; and
i) that a periodic examination report in accordance with in formation supplied by the manu facturer
and, where applicable, in accordance with BS 7883, is to be issued to the user o f the anchor
system or duty holder.

Annex A (normative)
Criteria for test laboratories
A.1 General
In order to claim con formity with this British Standard, each configuration and relevant requirement
shall be tested and/or assessed in full, with a clear pass or fail criteria marked on the test report
against each applicable requirement (see A.4).
Test laboratories conducting assessment and testing to this British Standard shall meet the
requirements o f BS EN ISO/IEC 17025 and be capable o f demonstrating that they operate
independently o f any organization submitting the products for assessment and testing to which they
are affiliated.
A.2 Test apparatus

As a minimum, test laboratories conducting assessment and testing to this British Standard shall be
capable o f demonstrating that the dynamic and static testing apparatus con forms to Annex C, with
particular regard to the rigidity o f test apparatus and dynamic measurement o f force.
A.3 Test specimens

The manu facturer or organization submitting products for test shall supply su fficient numbers o f
subsystems, components and elements to the test laboratory to enable each installation configuration
and test direction to be tested.
Each installation configuration shall be assessed, as di fferent installation configurations can
significantly affect the outcome o f test results.
A.4 Test reports

Test reports shall be made available in full to any party reasonably requesting them, e.g. installer,
structure owner, examining body, user, and include, as a minimum, the following in formation:
a) the name o f test laboratory and full address(es) o f where the testing was carried out;
b) the dates o f testing;
c) a declaration o f con formity to BS EN ISO/IEC 17025;
d) the specific names, models, types and variants o f the products tested;
e) the manufacturer or organization submitting the product(s) for testing;
f ) the persons present for witnessing/observing or directing tests other than test laboratory staff;
g) the standard against which the product is to be tested, i.e. BS 8610:2017;
h) any assessments and tests from this British Standard that were omitted and the reasons why;
NOTE Where only certain configurations are applicable, e.g. a type D anchor system that does not include a
corner or cantilever, there is no requirement to undertake testing o f these configurations. However, this is to be
clearly recorded in the test report.
i) a pass or fail clearly marked on the test report against each applicable requirement;

NOTE See also 4.1.5 to 4.1.7.

j) a statement clearly indicating whether or not the anchor system passes all applicable
requirements. I f any applicable requirements have not been assessed, the anchor system shall
not be recorded as con forming to this British Standard;
k) for each application and each base material, a statement clearly indicating all parameters o f use,
where relevant, e.g.:
1) the maximum system rating (SRmax), i.e. the maximum number o f users and maximum rated
mass (RMmax) o f users permitted simultaneously;
2) the direction(s) o f loading;
3) structural limits, e.g. base material minimum strength, minimum structural thickness,
minimum edge distance(s), minimum spacing between anchor devices;
4) structural anchor type and specification, e.g. make, model, type, diameter and length;
5) the maximum span; and
6) the maximum cantilever distance.
l) the climatic conditions, i.e. air temperature and weather conditions, e.g. rain, snow, i f the testing
was conducted outdoors;
m) a description o f installation configuration, including diagrams and/or photographs as necessary,
e.g. system length, intermediate anchor positions, included components;
n) a description o f fixing details, including diagrams and/or photographs as necessary, e.g. resin
specification, what length o f time resin was le ft to cure, fastener dimensions, component
material and grade, e.g. stainless steel 316, thread size and diameter, securing components and
locking arrangements, fixing positions on base material with respect to edge distances and
distances between two or more adjacent structural anchors;
o) a description o f the base material and specification, including diagrams and/or photographs, as
necessary, to include dimensions, sizes and strength at the time o f test, and a description o f how
the base material test piece is attached to the test apparatus;
p) a description o f how loads were applied to the test specimen, including diagrams and/or
photographs as necessary, including type, material and lengths o f any connecting lines, sizes o f
pulleys used and positions;
q) a description o f where the loads were positioned, including diagrams and/or photographs
as necessary;
r) a description o f the measuring instrumentation, including diagrams and/or photographs as
necessary, e.g. load cell specification, amplifier type, hardware or so ftware filtering, filtering
frequency, number o f measurements taken per second in dynamic testing, maximum rate o f
stressing in static testing, accuracy o f instrumentation;
s) a description o f the directions o f loads applied, using diagrams and/or photographs, as
necessary; the loads sustained; and
t) for type A and type C load-limiting and type C non-load-limiting, the maximum deflection o f the
anchor point.

A.5 Disposal of test specimens

After assessment and testing to this British Standard, for safety purposes, the test specimens shall be
rendered useless and scrapped to prevent inadvertent utilization o f the product.
NOTE The test laboratory might require items to be held for legal purposes or if the manu facturer or
organization submitting the test specimens requires them to be returned to their premises for further analysis.
A.6 Changes in design or manufacturing method after testing

Changes in design, form, size, materials or manufacturing method to products after having been
assessed and tested to this British Standard that could affect the performance o f the product
detrimentally shall invalidate the original test results and result in the need for retesting, as
appropriate.
In producing test certification for the purposes o f recording results o f testing in accordance with this
British Standard, test laboratories shall include an invalidation statement with words to the e ffect
that: “changes in design, form, size, materials or manufacturing method to products after having been
assessed and tested to BS 8610:2017 that could affect the performance o f the product detrimentally
shall invalidate this test certificate (and the original test results that it contains) and result in the
need for retesting, as appropriate”.
Annex B (informative)
Test rationale
This annex provides background in formation on the test loads used in this British Standard.
NOTE There are no conditioning requirements in this British Standard. Manu facturers might wish to carry out
conditioning tests for specific climatic conditions or environments, e.g. extreme cold or heat, marine, which should
be carried out before the deformation, dynamic performance and static strength tests.
B.1 Dynamic performance test

The 9 kN load used in the dynamic performance test is based on the maximum load o f 6 kN used in
personal fall protection equipment standards, with a safety factor (see BS EN 363).
For multiple users, the 9 kN dynamic performance test is sequentially repeated for each additional
user, with the test mass from the previous test retained on the anchor system.
B.2 Static strength test

Where a minimum load o f 15 kN is used in the static strength test, it is based on the maximum load o f
6 kN used in personal fall protection equipment standards with a minimum safety factor o f 2.5, which
is generally in line with the components used within personal fall protection systems.

For multiple users, a minimum additional static test load o f 6 kN for each additional user is added
to the minimum 15 kN load during the static strength test, e.g. for two users, the load would be 21
kN and for three users, the load would be 27 kN. The reason that a 15 kN load is not added for each
additional user is because in a multi-user fall, it is extremely unlikely that the loads would be applied
simultaneously.
In some cases, e.g. restraint, rescue, some anchor system types, other parameters are used, as
detailed in Clause 4, Clause 5 .
Annex C (normative)
Requirements for test apparatus and procedures
C.1 Static strength testing machines

C.1.1 Force measurement requirements
Force measuring apparatus for static strength testing o f components and systems shall con form to
BS EN ISO 7500-1.
NOTE The calibration o f measuring apparatus should be traceable to an approved physical properties laboratory
or approved calibration service in accordance with the accuracy required for the test (see BS EN ISO/IEC 17025).
C.1.2 Requirements for rate of loading

The rate o f loading shall be such that the required test load is achieved to ensure that there are no
dynamic loading e ffects, i.e. no shock load.
C.2 Dynamic performance testing apparatus

C.2.1 Structure
The rigid anchorage structure shall be so constructed that its natural frequency (o f vibration) in the
vertical axis at the anchorage point is not less than 100 Hz, so that the application o f a force o f 20 kN
on the anchorage point does not cause a deflection greater than 1.0 mm.
The rigid anchorage point shall be a ring o f (20 ±1) mm bore and (15 ±1) mm diameter cross section,
or a rod o f the same diameter cross section.
The height o f the rigid anchorage point shall be such as to ensure that no part o f the component or
system under test, or o f the test mass, shall strike the floor during the test.
C.2.2 Force measurement apparatus
The force measuring apparatus shall be capable o f measuring forces from 1.2 kN to 20 kN with an
accuracy o f ±2%, a frequency bandwidth o f 1 000 Hz, and include a low pass filter which has a
passband ripple not greater than 0−1 0 dB and a −3 dB frequency bandwidth o f 60 Hz. Roll o ff should
be not less than −12 dB per octave.
I f an intermediate amplifier is used, it shall be linear and calibrated to within ±0.1% over the
operating range.

Where the recorder is o f the peak hold type, it shall track and hold to an accuracy o f ±1% over the
operating range. Where the recorder is o f the force/time history type, it shall be dynamically or
electronically calibrated to within ±2% over the operating range.
The apparatus shall have a common mode rejection ratio o f not less than 60 dB at power frequencies.
NOTE For the purposes o f this specification, where the force measurement apparatus, amplifier and recorder are
in series, an overall error band o f ±2.5% is accepted.
C.3 Test mass

+0 . 1
The test mass shall be made o f steel, have a mass o f (100 0 ) kg, and shall be rigidly connected to an
eyebolt which provides secure connection.
The test mass shall have a nominal diameter o f 200 mm. The eyebolt shall be central at one end, but
an o ffset additional eyebolt position is also permissible (see Figure C.1) to accommodate horizontal
dimensional constraints o f relevant testing procedures and equipment.
Figure C.1 — Test mass
C.4 Quick release device

The quick release device shall be compatible with the eyebolt(s) o f the test mass. It shall ensure
release o f the test mass with no initial velocity.
C.5 Base material test pieces and loading arrangements

COMMENTARY ON C.5
The term “manu facturer” refers to the manu facturer o f the anchor device unless otherwise stated.

C.5.1 General
Static and dynamic performance tests shall be carried out in the base material specified by the
manu facturer in such a way as to validate the minimum structural limits, e.g. minimum strength,
minimum structural thickness, minimum edge distance, purlin type, maximum purlin spacing,
minimum anchor device spacing, maximum insulation thickness.
The manufacturer shall provide the installer with the minimum structural limits that apply to the
anchor system [see 7.3 d)].
C.5.2 Base material test pieces
C.5.2.1 General
Static and dynamic performance tests shall be performed in base material test pieces o f the base
material(s) specified by the manufacturer, where that is called for in the test methods. The results
shall be recorded in the test report (see Annex A, A.4).
Base material test pieces shall be o f the minimum strength and configuration evaluated to be the
weakest specified by the manufacturer, i.e. the manu facturer shall speci fy the strength o f the base
material as used in the tests as the minimum permitted.
Where the configuration or strength o f base materials are variable in practice, e.g. brickwork, rock,
the worst case shall be chosen as the basis o f the base material test piece to ensure the weakest
configuration has been tested.
For masonry and concrete, base material test pieces shall be o f a size to take into account the support
free zone, together with an allowance for the tensile test apparatus supports and shear test supports
(see C.5.4).
For natural features, e.g. rock, base material test pieces shall be o f a size to take into account the
support free zone, together with an allowance for the reaction supports. A report from a pro fessional
engineer shall be obtained to confirm the integrity o f the natural base material.
Where relevant, the strength o f base material test pieces shall be appropriately tested, e.g. by cube,
cylinder or core compressive tests, in the case o f concrete and crushing tests in the case o f masonry
units or rock. The results o f these tests shall be no greater than the base material strength permitted
The base material strength tests for concrete and masonry shall be carried out within 48 h o f the
static and dynamic performance tests.
C.5.2.2 Concrete base material test pieces
Concrete base material test pieces shall be cast using a design mix in order to produce average
strengths no greater than 30 N/mm2 .
NOTE 1 This requires a design mix su fficiently weak to produce a compressive strength within this limit.
Concrete base material test pieces shall be cast without reinforcement in the areas to be loaded
during the tests.
NOTE 2 It would be useful to provide a diagram showing the area without rein forcement to ensure the anchor
device is positioned in an appropriate location on the base material test piece.
C.5.2.3 Brickwork base material test pieces
Base material test pieces for solid brickwork shall be constructed using bricks as representative as
possible o f the masonry construction likely to be found in brickwork o f that type, e.g. so ft brickwork
with a compressive strength less than 20 N/mm2 with joints o f lime mortar made to a mix o f the

following design: 1:1:6 proportions o f cement, hydrated lime and water by volume. The construction
shall be o f a typical bond pattern, e.g. English or Flemish bond (See Figure C.2).
The make, type and strength o f bricks used in the tests shall be recorded in the test report, see Annex
A, A.4, including the following dimensions:
a) height, width and depth o f bricks; and
b) mortar bed thickness.
Figure C.2 — Examples of bond patterns of solid brickwork construction
a) Flemish bond b) English bond
C.5.2.4 Cavity masonry base material test pieces

Base material test pieces o f cavity masonry construction shall be constructed to be as representative
as possible o f the masonry construction likely to be encountered in constructions o f that type, which
can be an outer leaf o f masonry with a compressive strength no greater than 50 N/mm 2 and an inner
leaf o f masonry with a compressive strength no greater than 7 N/mm2 and wall ties con forming to PD
6697, Type 4 (Masonry Light Duty).
The cavity width shall be recorded in the test report as the maximum permitted by the manufacturer.
The width o f masonry used on the inner and outer leaf shall be recorded in the test report, see
Annex A, A.4.
Where the inner and outer leaves are o ff different specifications and if anchor systems are to
be permitted with the anchor point located on both leaves, tests shall be carried out in both
configurations.
The make, type and strength o f masonry units used in the tests shall be recorded in the test report,
including the following dimensions:
a) height, width and depth o f masonry units;
b) mortar bed thickness; and
c) cavity thickness.
C.5.2.5 Structural metalwork base material test pieces
Base material test pieces for anchor devices intended to be attached directly to structural metalwork
shall be o f the minimum yield stress likely to be encountered in practice, e.g. 275 N/mm2 for
steelwork. The grade, edge distance and thickness o f the metal section(s) used shall be recorded in
the test report, see Annex A, A.4.
The strength grade o f metal shall be provided by the supplier and recorded as the nominal strength
used in the test.

C.5.2.6 Roofing systems base material test pieces

For base material test pieces for anchor devices intended to be attached to roofing systems, such as
metal decking, e.g. trapezoidal decking, composite/sandwich decking, standing seam systems, tests
shall be carried out with the anchor system attached to each proprietary roofing system and in the
worst case configuration permitted by the manufacturer, as agreed between the manufacturer and
the test laboratory.
The base material test piece shall comprise the roofing system attached to a supporting structure
typical o f that found in the relevant roo f type, with purlin spacings set at the maximum spacing to
be permitted by the manufacturer o f the anchor device. I f the roofing system includes insulation
o f different thicknesses, the maximum thickness shall be used in the tests and recorded in the test
report as the maximum permitted by the manufacturer. The thickness o f the sheet metal o f the
roofing system shall be recorded in the test report, see Annex A, A.4.
Where additional strengthening o f the base material is required in the location o f the anchor
device, e.g. additional roo fsheet fixings, these shall be detailed in the test report and provided in the
in formation to be supplied by the manufacturer for the installer, see 7.3 .
C.5.2.7 Structural timber base material test pieces
Base material test pieces for anchor devices intended to be attached to load bearing timber
structures, e.g. roo f trusses, roo f beams or floor joists, shall be typical o f those permitted by the
manu facturer. The grade and dimensions o f timber used in the tests shall be recorded in the test
report, see Annex A, A.4.
Where additional strengthening o f the base material is required in the location o f the anchor device,
e.g. additional timber fixings, these shall be detailed in the test report and provided in the information
to be supplied by the manufacturer for the installer, see 7.3 .
C.5.3 Structural limitations
To validate the minimum structural thickness permitted by the manufacturer, tests shall be carried
out in the base material test piece o f that thickness.
To validate the minimum edge distance permitted by the manufacturer, anchor devices shall be
installed in the base material test piece at that distance.
Minimum spacing distances between anchor devices permitted by the manu facturer shall be
validated either by adopting twice the minimum edge distance or by loading two anchor devices
simultaneously.
Where minimum spacing distances between anchor devices are to be validated by loading two anchor
devices simultaneously, the tests shall be carried out (see Clause 5 and Figure C.3) using metal links
or wire rope and a Y hang arrangement with an included angle o f (120 0−1 0 )°. The included angle shall
+0 . 1
be determined under a load o f (1 0 ) kN.

Figure C.3 — Example of a Y hang arrangement for determining minimum spacing distances between anchor devices
Key
1 Anchor device
2 Base material
3 Metal link for testing purposes only, e.g. chain, wire rope, metal rods or straps
4 Removable link
d Distance between anchor devices
L Load
NOTE The included angle o f 120° is specified to ensure that the load (L) is also applied to each anchor point.
C.5.4 Support of reaction loads

The test loading apparatus shall be arranged to ensure the reaction loads from the tests do not
interfere with the support free zone. The base material shall be supported to ensure it does not move
during the tests.
Where it is necessary to stand the test loading apparatus on the base material, the reaction loads
shall be directed into the base material far enough from the centre line o f the structural anchor(s) to
ensure that the test loading apparatus supports do not rein force the base material (see Figure C.4,
and Figure C.5). Where shear test supports are required, they shall be located outside the “support
free zone” as shown in Figure C.6 and Figure C.7.
I f in any test a failure cone is produced in the surrounding base material as a result o f the reaction
supports interfering with the development o f that cone, the support distances shall be increased.

Figure C.4 — Example of a support free zone for tensile tests in concrete — plan view of Figure C.8
Key
1 Support free zone for tensile tests
2 Typical positions o f tensile test apparatus supports
LN Minimum spacing between anchor centre line and closest tensile test apparatus support = 1.5 × h ef, where h ef is e ffective
embedment depth (see Figure C.8) o f the structural anchor [depth to lowest point o f the anchor engaged with the base
material (hole depth might be deeper)]
Figure C.5 — Example of a support free zone for tensile tests in concrete — plan view of Figure C.9
Key
LN Minimum spacing between anchor centre line and closest tensile test apparatus support = 1.5 × h ef, where h ef is e ffective
embedment depth o f the structural anchor [depth to lowest point o f the anchor engaged with the base material (hole
depth may be deeper)]

Figure C.6 — Example of a support free zone for shear tests in concrete — plan view of Figure C.8
Key
1 Support free zone for shear tests
2 Shear test supports
3 Anchor point orientated so that loading direction is the worst case, i.e. 90° to the orientation required in practice
VC Test load in shear direction across an edge in concrete
LV Minimum spacing at base material test piece edge between the centre line o f the structural anchor and closest shear
test support in shear test = 2 × Cc.
CC Minimum edge distance permitted by the manu facturer in concrete, all directions

Figure C.7 — Example of a support free zone for shear tests in concrete — plan view of Figure C.9
Key
LV Minimum spacing at base material test piece edge between the centre line o f the structural anchor and closest shear test
support in shear test = 2 × Cc, where Cc (see Figure C.9) is the minimum edge distance permitted by the manufacturer
in concrete, in all directions
V45C Test load in direction 45° to VC
Figure C.8 — Example of a test arrangement for single anchor tests in concrete
Key
1 Anchor device
2 Structural anchor
3 Concrete base material
h Minimum structural thickness recommended by manu facturer
h ef E ffective embedment depth o f the structural anchor [depth to lowest point o f the anchor engaged with the base
N Test load in tensile direction, perpendicular to the surface o f the base material

Figure C.9 — Example of a test arrangement for tests on posts in concrete
Key
1 Anchor device
2 Structural anchors
3 Concrete base material
CC Minimum edge distance permitted by the manu facturer in concrete, in all directions
h Minimum structural thickness permitted by the manufacturer
h ef E ffective embedment depth o f the structural anchor [depth to lowest point o f the anchor engaged with the base
N Test load in tensile direction, perpendicular to the surface o f the base material
C.5.5 Loading direction and tolerance

Loads shall be applied in the principal safety-critical direction(s), in tension and in shear, within a
tolerance o f no more than 10° o f the required direction.
The anchor point shall be orientated and the test lanyard attached to ensure that the load is applied
in the worst possible direction, as agreed between the manufacturer and the test laboratory, and, if
relevant, at the greatest bending moment, which might not be the way it is orientated in general use,
see Figure C.10.
Figure C.10 — Examples of best and worst case direction of test load applied to the anchor point
a) Best practice in use – Test load applied in line with b) Worst case – Test load applied at right angles across the line o f the
the anchor point anchor point
C.5.6 Base material test pieces and apparatus arrangements for brickwork
COMMENTARY ON C.5.6
Figure C.4, Figure C.6 and Figure C.8 show the arrangements for single anchor tests in concrete with
a single structural anchor. Anchor devices with a single anchor point could include more than one
structural anchor, in which case, the same test principles apply.

Figure C.5, Figure C.7 and Figure C.9 show the arrangements for tests o f posts in concrete. Tests in
concrete perpendicular to the surface o f the base material are not typically required for posts as
they are not typically loaded in this direction, although they can be carried out if required by the
manu facturer. Arrangements for paired anchor devices and davit arms should follow the same
principles, as appropriate.
English or Flemish bond patterns shall be used in the base material test pieces for tests in solid
brickwork, unless otherwise agreed with the manufacturer (see Figure C.2).
Similar arrangements shall be used for tests in other solid masonry constructions, e.g.
stonework, blockwork.
NOTE Figure C.11, Figure C.12, Figure C.13 and Figure C.14 show examples o f test configurations used for
brickwork. Tensioning bars are shown which, in the applications shown in Figure C.12, Figure C.13 and Figure C.14,
are used to induce a clamping force in the base material test piece representative o f the compressive loads in a load-
bearing brickwork structure.
Figure C.11 — Example of a test arrangement and support dimensions for single anchor tests in brickwork loaded in
shear across a horizontal edge, e.g. under a window or a parapet wall
Key
1 Support frame
LVH Minimum spacing at the base material test piece edge between the centre line o f the structural anchor and closest
support in shear test across a horizontal edge
VH Test load in shear direction across a horizontal edge in brickwork
CH Minimum edge distance permitted by the manu facturer in brickwork across a horizontal edge
NOTE 1 The support frame is itself restrained so as to withstand the shear load VH. The masonry test panel is built
into the frame, which o ffers no stress to the masonry.
NOTE 2 LVH is to be greater than CH.

shear across a vertical edge, e.g. adjacent to a window
Key
2 Support frame
3 Compression pad
4 Tensioning/clamping bars
LVV Minimum spacing at the base material test piece edge between the centre line o f the structural anchor and closest
support in shear test = C v
VV Test load in shear direction across a vertical edge in brickwork
CV Minimum edge distance permitted by the manu facturer in brickwork across a vertical edge
NOTE 1 The tensioning bars need to be arranged such that the shear supports can bear against the
masonry test panel.
NOTE 2 L VV is to be greater than CV.

tension close to a vertical edge
Key
3 Support frame
4 Compression pad
CV Minimum edge distance permitted by the manu facturer in brickwork across a vertical edge
LVV Minimum spacing at the base material test piece edge between the centre line o f the structural anchor and the closest
support in tensile test = 2 clear brick courses
LT Minimum spacing between the centreline o f the structural anchor and the closest support in the direction shown = C V

Figure C.14 — Example of a test rig arrangement and support dimensions for tests of paired anchor devices in ma -
sonry loaded in tension (perpendicular to the surface o f the base material test piece)
Key
3 Support frame
4 Compression pad
LVV Minimum spacing at the base material test piece edge between the centreline o f the structural anchor and the closest
support in tensile test = 2 clear brick courses
CV Minimum edge distance permitted by the manufacturer in brickwork across a vertical edge
LT Minimum spacing between the centreline o f the structural anchor and the closest support in the direction shown = C V
C.5.7 Base material test pieces and apparatus arrangements for roofing systems
Test piece arrangements shall be representative o f the specification likely to be encountered on
site and be in accordance with the in formation supplied by the roo f system manu facturer, taking
into account:
a) purlin/joist size, spacing and fixing arrangement;
b) insulation depth;
c) sheet thickness and material grade;
d) spacer/clip system configuration;
e) lap joints;
f ) sheet fixing details (e.g. at eaves, verge and ridge); and
g) fixing type (e.g. material grade, size and number o f fixings) as appropriate.

NOTE Figure C.15 shows an example o f the test arrangement for a metal decking roofing system based on a
profiled (trapezoidal) decking system with no insulation. All tests shown are in a plane parallel to the roo f surface.
Tests perpendicular to the surface o f the roofing system are not shown, as they are not typically loaded in this
direction, but can be carried out if requested by the manu facturer.
Test arrangements for roofing systems shall be in accordance with the principles shown in
Figure C.15.
Figure C.15 — Example of a test arrangement for single anchor tests in a profiled roofing system
Key
VP Test load in shear direction parallel to the joint or seam on a profiled or standing seam roo f
VA Test load in shear direction across the joint or seam on a profiled or standing seam roo f
V45 Test load in direction 45° to the joint or seem in profiled or standing seam roo f
C AJ Minimum edge distance permitted by the manufacturer in metal roo f decking in direction at right angles to
seam or joint
C PJ Minimum edge distance permitted by the manu facturer in metal roo f decking in direction parallel to the seam or joint
NOTE Test carried out with anchor device located mid span between roo f supports. Largest post height is tested.

Bibliography
Standards publications
For dated re ferences, only the edition cited applies. For undated re ferences, the latest edition o f the
re ferenced document (including any amendments) applies.
BS 7985, Code o f practice for the use o f rope access methods for industrial purposes —
Recommendations and guidance supplementary to BS ISO 22846
BS 8437, Code o f practice for selection, use and maintenance o f personal fall protection systems and
equipment for use in the workplace
BS EN 516, Prefabricated accessories for roofing — Installations for roo f access — Walkways,
treads and steps
BS EN 517, Prefabricated accessories for roofing — Roo f sa fety hooks
BS EN ISO 9001, Quality management systems — Requirements
PD CEN/TS 16415, Personal fall protection equipment – Anchor devices – Recommendations for anchor
devices for use by more than one person simultaneously
I ndustrial Rope Access Trade Association (IRATA). International code o f practice for industrial
rope access. 2013, https://irata.org/[1]
Further reading
Advisory C ommittee for Roo f S afety. The Magenta Book – Sa fety Lines. 2015, http://www.
roo fworkadvice.info/html/the_magenta_book_-_horizontal_.html

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BS 8610:2017

BSI Standards Publication

Personal fall protection equipment –

Publishing and copyright information

Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication

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© THE BRITISH STANDARDS INSTITUTION 2017 – ALL RIGHTS RESERVED I

II © THE BRITISH STANDARDS INSTITUTION 2017 – ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

Contractual and legal considerations

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© THE BRITISH STANDARDS INSTITUTION 2017 – ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1

Table 2 — Load-limiting codification and anchor system options

2 © THE BRITISH STANDARDS INSTITUTION 2017 – ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

c) rope access systems;

© THE BRITISH STANDARDS INSTITUTION 2017 – ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3

• rescue – accompanied descent;

4 © THE BRITISH STANDARDS INSTITUTION 2017 – ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

3 Terms and definitions

© THE BRITISH STANDARDS INSTITUTION 2017 – ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 5

3.3.2 type A anchor system

h) Cantilevered anchor device (to allow for non-load bearing material)

6 © THE BRITISH STANDARDS INSTITUTION 2017 – ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

Figure 2 — Examples o f type A non-load-limiting anchor systems (continued)

Figure 3 — Example of a type A load-limiting anchor system

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3.3.3 type C anchor system

8 © THE BRITISH STANDARDS INSTITUTION 2017 – ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

3.3.4 type D anchor system

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3.8 energy-dissipating element

10 © THE BRITISH STANDARDS INSTITUTION 2017 – ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

3.19 permanent fixing element

3.21.2 rescue – remotely or self-operated – direct attachment system

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a) Sel f-operated direct attachment b) Remotely-operated direct attachment

3.21.3 rescue – remotely operated – redirect attachment system

12 © THE BRITISH STANDARDS INSTITUTION 2017 – ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

Figure 9 — Example o f a remotely operated redirect attachment type rescue

3.22 restraint system

NOTE A restraint system is not a fall arrest system.

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3.27 principal safety-critical direction(s)

4 Anchor system requirements

14 © THE BRITISH STANDARDS INSTITUTION 2017 – ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

Figure 10 — Examples o f principal sa fety-critical test directions

Figure 10 — Examples o f principal sa fety-critical test directions (continued)

© THE BRITISH STANDARDS INSTITUTION 2017 – ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 15

Figure 10 — Examples o f principal sa fety-critical test directions (continued)

16 © THE BRITISH STANDARDS INSTITUTION 2017 – ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

4.2 Pre-testing verification and recording requirements

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18 © THE BRITISH STANDARDS INSTITUTION 2017 – ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

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20 © THE BRITISH STANDARDS INSTITUTION 2017 – ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

© THE BRITISH STANDARDS INSTITUTION 2017 – ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 21

22 © THE BRITISH STANDARDS INSTITUTION 2017 – ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

Figure 11 — Example o f wire rope eyelet termination

Figure 12 — Examples o f swaged terminations

4.4 Design and ergonomics

© THE BRITISH STANDARDS INSTITUTION 2017 – ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 23

4.5 Non-load-limiting anchor systems

24 © THE BRITISH STANDARDS INSTITUTION 2017 – ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

NOTE 1 The number o f users includes a rescuer, where relevant.