Offshore Business 2 COMMUNICATION FILE ORAL PRESENTATIONS 1. Read the quote below. Do you agree with the author? Why / Why not? “The human brain starts working the moment you are born and never stops until you stand up to speak in public.” (Sit George Jessel, American actor) 2. Take the following quiz to find out the current level of your presentation skills. Choose one answer (A, B or C) for each number. The teacher will indicate the scoring procedure and the interpretation of your score. Thave limited or no experience of presenting Ihave some experience of presenting Ihave a wide experience of presenting in a variety of situations Tusually feel nervous before and during presentations I sometimes feel a little nervous when presenting but control my nerves [am usually relaxed about the idea of presenting; | only feel nervous in certain situations such as big occasions or large audiences Tthink preparation is important but am not sure of the best method to prepare I know preparation is important but sometimes do not prepare always prepare and rehearse presentations Tinclude many details to make sure I don’t miss anything important I choose the key points I want to make and use specific evidence to support the facts [only use information that supports my key message and put details in supporting documents T put my presentation together in the order in which important ideas come to me structure my presentation in an orderly sequence with one thing following after another I structure my presentation in a logical way using clear transitions that make it easy for the audience to follow Tuse visual aids as a prompt in case I forget what I want to say T sometimes use visual aids to act as a reminder of what comes next Tonly use visual aids to help the audience understand a key point or to make my presentation more engaging T don’t know what rhetorical techniques are I've heard of rhetorical techniques but never tried to use one s eje>lo p>lo @ >lo @ zlom >lo @ vlom> Tuse thetorical techniques in my presentations for more impact22 Business English Practice and Progress T'm not sure how to stand or what to do with my arms know posture is important and make some gestures when I present move and stand well using appropriate gestures for emphasis Thave a quiet, soft or monotonous voice 1am trying to improve voice volume, pitch and pace Tecan vary the way I use my voice to add emphasis and engage the audience 10 eo @>lo prope Tm afraid the audience will ask something I can’t answer I prepare for questions and can manage them effectively Lam comfortable with questions and can handle interruptions and challenges easily “Adapted from www speak fist.com 3. Expand the mind map below adding three elements from the box to each circle. An example is given. amount details Key points Tapport audience enthusiasm objective repetition close evidence opening setting confidence eye contact pace transitions sontrast format pitch tipling design gestures posture volume S| N e222 2 repetition contrast triplingOffshore Business 23 4, Divide into four small groups corresponding to four of the circles in the previous mind map. Read the assigned role card and prepare a mini-presentation for your colleagues to pass them information about your topic. Then one member of each group gives the presentation in front of the class in no more than two minutes. The other members take notes and evaluate each speaker following the checklist below. ORAL PRESENTATION CHECKLIST Item Yes | No 1. Did the presentation have a clear purpose? 2. Was the presentation adjusted to the audience? 3. Did the presentation last within the time limit? 4, Were there some obvious key points? 5. Were they explained or supported with sufficient evidence? 6. Did the presentation have a strong opening? 7. Did the presenter indicate transitions between points? 8. Did the presentation have a strong close? 9. Were there any visual aids? 10. If Yes, were they used effectively? 11. Were there any rhetorical techniques? 12. If Yes, were they used effectively? 13. Did the presenter project their voice well? 14, Did the presenter change pace? 15. Did the presenter change pitch? 16. Did the presenter have a good posture? 17. Did the presenter use gestures effectively? 18, Did the presenter keep eye contact with the audience? 19. Was the presenter confident? 20. Was the presenter enthusiastic? 24. Did the presenter build rapport with the audience? 5. Listen to an extract about the top ten presentation mistakes and complete the list. According to the speaker, what can you do to avoid these mistakes? (listening material from hitp:/aww youtube. com/vatch?v=LgLNCn9g¥54)24 Business English Practice and Progress Mistake #1 Mistake #6 Mistake #2 Mistake #7 Mistake #3 ... Mistake #8 oo... Mistake #4 coccsseoeieseaeinseaeiniee | MISAKO HY .cccseoe Mistake #5 Mistake #10 STRUCTURE 6. Listen to the beginning of a presentation and write down the elements that make up a classical opening. Then prepare an opening of your own based on the same pattern. (istening material from htip:/imw.ted.comfalksikevin_allocca_why_videos_go_viral.htm!) 1. 2, 3 4 5, 7. Listen to the openings of five different presentations. What techniques (‘hooks’) do they use to capture the audience's attention from the start? (listening material from hitp:/mw ted.comfalks) Opening 1 Opening 2 Opening 3 Opening 4 Opening 5 8, Revise and improve your opening from 6 using one of the above techniques. 9. Fill in the blanks with the verbs in italics to find several ways of giving an outline at the beginning of a presentation. Combining the phrases with the same number from all groups (e.g. A1+B1+C1), will /e you a complete sentence (ie. I'm going to ... so I'll start by ... and then P'll..).Offshore Business 25 I'm going to. A.report show take talk tell to you about the growing income inequality in the US. on the study we conducted in 4,000 companies worldwide. you about the bad side of the technologies we love so much... you that civic apathy doesn't actually exist a look at the invisible information flows in social media. ween .80 I'l start by.. B. bringing filling giving making outlining a few observations about the political set of causes, you up-to-date on the latest findings about leadership. the unintended consequences of technological openness. you in on the background to the community project we did. you an overview of how filters work gReNS and then I'l €. discuss highlight make put talk the economic changes that led to the rise of the super-rich. in more depth the implications of our observations. the situation into perspective. some recommendations about community engagement. you through my theory of the algorithmic editing of the Web. gReNa 10. Match the signposts to their functions. 1. to conclude a. to change the topic 2. to elaborate on bb, to do a deeper analysis 3. to go back ¢. to finish the talk 4, to move on d. to give a wider perspective 5. to look into e. to give only the basics 6. to recap f. to make the next point 7. to sum up g. to refer to an earlier point 8. to turn to hh, to repeat the main points 1[2|3|/4|s|e|7 11. Complete the following sentences with signposts from above. 1. Having said that, | would now like to the next point. 2. Let's just alittle to what | was saying earlier.26 Business English Practice and Progress 3. ssusiumennnunnse, ladies and gentlemen, this is a unique opportunity. Thank you. 4, Now that | have given you the side effects of this phenomenon, I would TKE .sisseaneneannn the most important of them — poverty — from a global viewpoint. 5, So this is the background to the study. Let's now what we found, in more detail 6, Before WE vismnsnnuennn @ Wholly different issue, | would be pleased to answer any questions at this point. 7. .», what We need to bring the company out of the dead is time, effort, and money. As for will | think every one of us is wiling to try B, cassiseatsneanin, Ve 0 far shown you the company history, their mission statement, and their values, Let’s now talk about their CSR activities. 12. Listen to the closes of five different presentations and number the techniques in the order you hear them. Which is the most effective? (listening material from ht:/ww. ted. comfalks) calll to action dramatic summary emotional message loop quote 13, Prepare a strong close to go with the opening you revised in 8. Then present them both in front of your colleagues. VISUAL AIDS AND BODY LANGUAGE 14, Watch a short video about the use of PowerPoint in presentations. Identify eight common mistakes people make. (video material from htfpy/www. youtube. com/watch. sicO2EXtH150) 15. What other mistakes can you add to the list? What should you do to avoid ‘Death by PowerPoint’? 16. Look at the photos and say what each speaker is doing wrong.Offshore Business 2728 Business English Practice and Progress 17. Watch a short video about hand gestures in presentations. What gestures should you avoid and why? How can you achieve that? (video material from hitp:/vww youtube, com/watch?v=000QQ0QdhH8) VOICE AND RHETORICAL TECHNIQUES 18. Practise saying the following sentence, each time stressing the underlined word. How does the meaning of the sentence change? | will show you how to make an immediate impact on your audience. | will show you how to make an immediate impact on your audience. will show you how to make an immediate impact on your audience. | will show you how to make an immediate impact on your audience. | will show you how to make an immediate impact on your audience. | will show you how to make an immediate impact on your audience. will show you how to make an immediate impact on your audience. | will show you how to make an immediate impact on your audience. 9. Iwill show you how to make an immediate impact on your audience, 10. 1 will show you how to make an immediate impact on your audience. PNORRONA 19. Follow the model to rewrite these sentences in a more emphatic way. Pay attention to tenses. MODEL, I'm going to tell you why Apple is different from other computer companies. ‘> What I'm going to do is tell you why Apple is different from other computer companies. 1. show you how to make profit in times of crisis. 2. I'll be making a case for stricter regulations. 3. I'd like to approach this issue from another angle. 4. I'd like you to ask yourselves a simple question 5. I'm saying we need specialists. 20. Practise saying the sentences you rewrote in 18 stressing key words and pausing after them. 21. Look at a presentation extract based on the pattern Statement + Rhetorical Question + Answer, in which a key word is repeated for effectiveness. Use the same technique to complete the other frames. MODEL Twould like you to consider the future of higher Statement education Rhetorical question _| What are the prospects? The prospects are excellent, but only for the right Answer kind of student.Offshore Business 29 1. 5 The truth is cheap imitations of our product are statement flooding the market Rhetorical question | So what's the solution? ‘Answer 2. The obvious disadvantage of studying abroad is the Statement high tuition cost Rhetorical question | But what is the main .....0..2 Answer 3. Statement Let's have a look at our competitors. Rhetorical question 2 ‘Answer 4. Statement Rhetorical question 2 Answer 22. Complete the following quotes based on dramatic contrast or tripling techniques. 4. “One small step for man, one (Neil Armstrong, American astronaut) 2. "Ask not what your country can do for you — ask " (John F. Kennedy, US President) 3. "The difficult: that which can be done immediately. The impossible: that " (George Santayana, Spanish philosopher and writer) 4, "One machine can do the work of fifty ordinary men. No machine . (Elbert Hubbard, American writer and philosopher) ‘Microsoft isn't evil, they just " (Linus Torvalds, Finnish software engineer) 6" a A " (Julius Caesar, Roman general/ statesman) 7, *By three methods we may leam wisdom: First, by reflection, which is ; second, by imitation, which is and third by experience, which is ” (Confucius, Chinese philosopher)30 Business English Practice and Progress 8, “There are three rads tO TUM: wansssseniey semssemsene ANE The most pleasant is With... . the quickest is with but the surest is with (Georges Pompidou, French politician) 9. "There are no secrets to success. It is the result of . and " (Colin Powell, former US Secretary of State) 10. "The Internet is so 80 and that for some people it is a complete substitute to life.” (Andrew Brown, British writer) 23. Listen to four extracts from a presentation about social inequality and identify the rhetorical techniques used by the speaker. Also note what words she stresses or repeats. (listening material from htip:viwwrw tod. convtalks/chrystia_freeland_the_rise_of the_new_global_super_rich.htm)) Extract 1 Extract 2 Extract 3 Extract 4 24, Watch a short video about Steve Jobs’ presentation style and take note of the speaker's recommendations. (video material from hitp:/ivwy. youtube. com/watch?v=2-ntLGOyHw4) 25. Prepare an effective five-minute presentation of an interesting and relevant topic and deliver it in front of your colleagues. Make a dazzling presentation!