CH 1 Gioi Thieu BG

Chapter 1
GIỚI THIỆU
1
Vật liệu trong 1 động cơ xe
Figure I.1 Section of an automotive engine - the Duratec V-6 - showing various
components and the materials used in making them. Source: Courtesy of Ford
Motor Company. Illustration by David Kimball.
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Các thành phần trong một sản phẩm
• Một số sản phẩm là một thành

phần kim loại duy nhất (nail, bolt,
fork, coat hanger, etc.)
• Một số sản phẩm được phối hợp
của nhiều thành phần, ( washing
machines, etc.)
• Tất cả các thành phần cần được
sản xuất.
• Manufacturing means, literally,
“Made by Hand”.
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History of Manufacturing (1700-1960)
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History of Manufacturing (1960-2000s)
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Chọn vật liệu để chế tạo kẹp giấy
Câu hỏi được đặt ra là:

• Yêu cầu về tính chất vật liệu là gì?
• Các yêu cầu của sản xuất là gì?
• Chiến lược sản xuất với số lượng
lớn như thế nào?
Figure I.2 Examples of the wide variety of materials and geometries for paper clips.
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Manufacture of Light Bulbs
Figure I.3a Components of a common Figure I.3b Manufacturing steps in

incandescent light bulb. Source: Courtesy making an incandescent light bulb.
of General Electric Company. Source: Courtesy of General Electric
Company.
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Thiết kế một quy trình sản xuất
Nhu cầu Figure I.4 (a) Chart showing the
various steps involved in design
Các khái niệm về thiết kế and manufacturing a product.
Depending on the complexity of
the product and the type of
materials used, the time span
between the original concept and
the marketing of the product may
range from a few months to many
years.
(b) Chart showing general
product flow in concurrent
engineering, from market analysis
to selling the product. Source:
After S. Pugh, Total Design.
Addison-Wesley, 1991.
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Redesign of Parts
Figure I.5 Redesign of parts to facilitate assembly. Source: Reprinted

from G. Boothroyd and P. Dewhurst, Product Design for Assembly, 1989.
Courtesy of Marcel Dekker, Inc.
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Sản xuất theo tính chất của vật liệu
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Tiết diện có cung tròn
Figure I.6 Cross-sections of baseball

bats made of aluminum (top portion)
and composite material (bottom
portion).
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Manufacturing Processes: Casting
Phương pháp đúc
Figure I.7a Schematic illustration of various casting processes
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Manufacturing Processes: Forming and Shaping
Phương pháp
cán & tạo hình
Figure I.7b Schematic illustration of various bulk deformation processes

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Phương pháp
cán & tạo hình
Figure I.7c Schematic illustration of various sheet metal forming processes

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Figure I.7d Schematic illustration of

various polymer processing methods
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Manufacturing Processes: Machining
Phương pháp gia

công cơ
Figure 1.7e Schematic illustrations of various

machining and finishing processes.
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Manufacturing Processes: Joining
Phương pháp
hàn ghép
Figure I.7f Schematic illustration of various joining processes
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Laser Cutting
Figure I.8 Cutting sheet metal with

a laser beam. Source: Courtesy of
Rofin-Sinar, Inc. and Manufacturing
Engineering Magazine, Society of
Manufacturing Engineers
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Hip Replacement
Figure 1.9 Components of a total hip

replacement. Source: Courtesy of Zimmer, Inc.
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Manufacturing of Hip Replacement
Figure 1.10 (a) Manufacturing steps in the production of a roll-formed and machined
total hip replacement stem; (b) Manufacturing steps in the production of a forged stem.
Hip stems can also be produced by investment casting, metal injection molding, insert
injection molding, and assorted other processes. Source: Courtesy of Zimmer, Inc.
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Chi tiết siêu nhỏ
Figure I.11 (a) Microscopic gears with dust mite. Source: Courtesy Sandia
National Laboratory; (b) A movable micromirror component of a light sensor.
Source: Courtesy of Richard Mueller, University of California at Berkeley.
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Salt and Pepper Shakers
Figure I.12 A salt and pepper mill set. The two

metal pieces (at the bottom) for the pepper mill
are made by powder-metallurgy techniques.
Source: Reproduced with permission from
Success Stories on P/M Parts, Metal Powder
Industries Federation, Princeton, NJ, 1998.
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Automated welding of automobiles
Figure I.13 Automated spot

welding of automobile bodies in
a mass production line. Source:
Courtesy of Ford Motor
Company.
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Application of CAD/CAM to make sunglasses mold
Figure I.14 Machining a mold

cavity for making sunglasses.
(a) Computer model of the sunglass
as designed and viewed on the
monitor.
(b) Machine the die cavity using a

computer numerical-control milling
machine
(c) Final product. Source: Courtesy of

Mastercam/CNC Software, Inc.
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Hourly Compensation for Production Workers
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Chapter 1

• Một số sản phẩm là một thành

Câu hỏi được đặt ra là:

Figure I.3a Components of a common Figure I.3b Manufacturing steps in

Figure I.5 Redesign of parts to facilitate assembly. Source: Reprinted

Figure I.6 Cross-sections of baseball

Phương pháp đúc

Figure I.7a Schematic illustration of various casting processes

Figure I.7b Schematic illustration of various bulk deformation processes

Figure I.7c Schematic illustration of various sheet metal forming processes

Figure I.7d Schematic illustration of

Phương pháp gia

Figure 1.7e Schematic illustrations of various

Figure I.7f Schematic illustration of various joining processes

Figure I.8 Cutting sheet metal with

Figure 1.9 Components of a total hip

Figure I.12 A salt and pepper mill set. The two

Figure I.13 Automated spot

Figure I.14 Machining a mold

(b) Machine the die cavity using a

(c) Final product. Source: Courtesy of

Trả công lao động 25

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