Professional Documents
Culture Documents
1.1 INTRODUCTION
The importance of health care in modern day society can be evaluated from the fact that
good health is recognized as one of the fundamental rights of an individual. Out of the eight
recognized millennium development goals of the United Nations, health finds a third place
multiple independent and interrelated factors. It is seen that each economy has certain
specific and critical industry that contribute more to the economic growth than the other
industries. However, a close observation across economies shows that certain industries
substantially contribute to the economic growth of the nation. One such industry is the
healthcare industry in India. Health has always been a higher priority area in any country. It
has been recognized as one of the most important components in the process of economic
and social development. It does not simply mean the absence of diseases; rather it is a state
Hospital industry is a service industry, where patient (customer) is the most important
person. So tremendous importance of people element has to be given, so all the employees
of the hospital have to perform their duties in a better way in order to get customer
satisfaction. As it is important how advanced technology and drugs you use to cure the
patient, but it is also very important that how you deal with patient and their relatives (i.e.,
customer). So, it is very important that how the staff of hospital performance their duties in
order to make the patient satisfied. If the performance of employees is appraised then it is
very beneficial for both the employees and the management to understand the current
performance level and making improvements. Also, performance appraisal helps to identify
training needs so that employees can be trained to enhance their performance. This
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A Study on Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal System at Indira Gandhi Co-operative Hospital, Thalassery
The performance appraisal is the process of obtaining, analysing and recording information
about the relative worth of an employee. The focus of the performance appraisal is
measuring and improving the actual performance of the employee and also the future
potential of the employee. Its aim is to measure what an employee does. Performance
Performance Appraisal has different measures to judge the capabilities and efficiency of an
individual in an organization how far the targets have been achieved, how has his
performance been! It plays a very important role in their analysis as it keeps the employees
motivated towards their jobs. This assessment also helps in the overall growth of the
organization. So, Performance Appraisal today plays a very important role in keeping a
track of various employees for different kinds of jobs in the organization. Its aim is to
measure what an employee does. It is a powerful tool to calibrate, refine and reward the
performance of the employee. It helps to analyse his achievements and evaluate his
contribution towards the achievements of the overall organizational goals. By focusing the
management and reflects the management’s interest in the progress of the employees.
identify areas which need improvement and proper training. Manasa, K. Reddy (2009) said
step-by-step guidance and standardized evaluation procedure and forms, which leads to
The Focus of this study was to determine whether Performance Appraisal with their staff
were using as an important management tool. This study randomly selected 50 workers
consisting of both Permanent and Temporary employees in the hospital. This workers
include Doctors, Nurses, Pharmacists, social workers and Patient care technicians.
Majority of the workers were of the view that Performance Appraisal System motivated
them to perform better in the job and provided work satisfaction. It helped them to identify
Performance Appraisal System was carried out on quarterly basis in the hospital by survey
questions that pertained to Performance Appraisal, respondents were asked how frequently
Performance Appraisal took place, what information was used in the evaluation what type
of Follow-up took place after Performance Appraisal was completed. The results suggest
The purpose of the research is to find out the level of effectiveness of performance
appraisal towards the employees of Indira Gandhi Co-operative Hospital, Thalassery. This
study helps to find out whether the employees meet the present standard of performance
and to improve the current performance. The study helps the management to know the
worth of employees and competent employee who are rewarded. It aims at evaluating the
PRIMARY OBJECTIVES
Hospital, Thalassery.
SECONDARY OBJECTIVES
To measure the performance of the employees and identify the area in which
training is required.
employee.
understood
connected with techniques for collection of data and analysis of data in a manner that aims
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A Study on Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal System at Indira Gandhi Co-operative Hospital, Thalassery
In this study descriptive research design was used.
Sampling design is a define plan for obtaining sample from workers refers to procedure in
selecting sample. The sample units are chosen primarily on the basis of the convenient
sampling method
In the hospital 105 Permanent employees and 128 temporary employees are there and the
sample of 50 workers was taken for the study.50 workers include Doctors, Nurses,
l. Primary Data
Primary data is collected through the well-structured questionnaire. The data is collected by
2. Secondary Data
Internet
Hospital website
RESEARCH PROBLEM
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A Study on Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal System at Indira Gandhi Co-operative Hospital, Thalassery
The problem is to evaluate the knowledge management, to analyse and offer constructive
CONSTRUCTIVE OF QUESTIONNAIRE
The questionnaire framed for the research study is a structured questionnaire in which all
the questions are predetermined before conducting the survey. The forms of questionnaire
are: -
hospital.
Findings of the study are based on the assumption that the respondents have
given Opinion.
Due to the busy schedule of the employees, they were not able to provide sufficient
• Percentage Analysis
• Chi-Square Test
1)PERCENTAGE ANALYSIS:
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A Study on Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal System at Indira Gandhi Co-operative Hospital, Thalassery
The percentage analysis consists of reducing a number of related amounts to a series of a
given base. This analysis facilitates comparison and is helpful in evaluating the relative
2)CHI-SQUARE ANALYSIS:
It is a statistical test which tests the significance of difference between observe frequencies
test is one of the simplest and most widely used non parametric tests in statistical work
E= Expected frequency
The study was conducted from 9th may 2022 to 17th June 2022.
Some of important limitations were found at the time of study. They are
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A Study on Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal System at Indira Gandhi Co-operative Hospital, Thalassery
The company management keeps certain files, records and information as
confidential.
The study is restricted only to a few workers in the organization and their opinions
The first chapter gives the introduction and design of the study which
scheme.
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A Study on Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal System at Indira Gandhi Co-operative Hospital, Thalassery
assessment of performance appraisal system in India. However, there are very few
researches conducted so far on studying the appraisal variables affecting the overall
variables indulged in the designing and execution of appraisal process. A brief retrospect
Singh, Maggu, and Warrier (1981) in their study explained briefly about performance
appraisal system in Indian organizations. The main objective of the study was to find out
the validity of the observed attitudes and opinions by examining the level of managerial
satisfaction with the existing performance appraisal system. The study tried to identify the
factors responsible for the non-effectiveness of the appraisal system. The study found that
appraisal systems. The study also found that the level of managerial satisfaction is
significantly different in the private sector when compared to the public sector and the
managers at private sector are more satisfied. The study recommends that to be effective the
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A Study on Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal System at Indira Gandhi Co-operative Hospital, Thalassery
appraisal system must focus on individual behaviors, format, techniques and organizational
needs.
Brooks (2000) observe that 360 performance appraisals can play significant part in
be able to talk more openly about their own performance as well as the performance of co-
workers which could bring the organization closer together. this may make the work
environment more conducive to better production. The traditional top-down approach does
not add to the communication between the employees and the supervisor. In a 360-degree
appraisal there is vital feedback given to the supervisor. The subordinate can pinpoint certain
skills that the supervisor needs to improve upon. Lack of knowledge on the part of
supervisor leads to incompetent handling of the problem. Not only the skills of the
supervisor will improve but will also help better working conditions between the
subordinates and the supervisor. The subordinates feel that they can be honest with their
supervisor than they will feel more comfortable at work which will increase performance.
Top-down appraisals only focus on feedback from the supervisor and don’t have anything to
do with feedback form other co-workers. Feedback from other co-workers is useful because
most people want to held up in high regard by their peers and coworkers. They want to know
that their co-workers think that his/her performance is holding up to expectations and they
are pulling their share of the load. Sometimes the supervisor is not in a position to know
Petti john and Taylor (2000) in their article titled “An Exploratory Analysis of Salesperson
such, sales managers may essentially conduct appraisals in an arbitrary and perfunctory
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A Study on Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal System at Indira Gandhi Co-operative Hospital, Thalassery
manner. This behavior could be the result of the manager's perception that conducting
performance appraisals requires considerable amounts of time and effort, which provides
few rewards, but adds considerably to the manager's level of conflict and stress. The purpose
of this research is to examine the relationships existing between one aspect of performance
appraisals, salesperson perceptions of the appropriateness of the criteria used, and two other
provided the data required to evaluate the relationship between satisfaction, commitment,
and the perceived appropriateness of the criteria used. The findings indicate that salesperson
satisfaction levels are significantly correlated with the level of the perceived
inappropriateness of the evaluation criteria used. However, the findings also indicate that the
perceptions of the inappropriateness of the evaluation criteria are not significantly related to
recommendations are made regarding the salesperson's role in the development of the
Fletcher (2001) in his article titled, “Performance appraisal and management: The
developing research agenda” expresses that performance appraisal has widened as a concept
and as a set of practices and in the form of performance management has become part of a
more strategic approach to integrating HR activities and business policies. As a result of this,
the research on the subject has moved beyond the limited confines of measurement issues
and accuracy of performance ratings and has begun to focus more of social and motivational
aspects of appraisal. This article identifies and discusses a number of themes and trends that
together make up the developing research agenda for this field. It breaks these down in terms
of the nature of appraisal and the context in which it operates. The former is considered in
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A Study on Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal System at Indira Gandhi Co-operative Hospital, Thalassery
and multi-source feedback). The discussion of the context of appraisal concentrates on
cultural differences and the impact of new technology. In reviewing these emerging areas of
research, the article seeks to explore some of the implications for appraisal practice at both
Brown (2002) in his articles entitled ―A theory of the process of creating power in
relationships‖ comments that with regard to health care specifically, research has frequently
uncovered a lack of loyalty to the organization and the nursing profession. Brown noted that
nurse administrators face the challenge of repairing ―broken relationships with nurses
because of changes in management policies over time. During the1990s, health care
organizations tried to adopt cost cutting strategies employed by many other industries,
thereby taking the focus away from the quality of care to patients. This conflict ultimately
left nurses feeling disengaged and empowered in their roles in delivering patient care and at
Brown and Heywood (2005) in their article titled “Performance Appraisal Systems:
Determinants and Change” used establishment data from the Australian Workplace
The results indicate that performance appraisal is associated with workers having shorter
expected tenure and greater influence over productivity. These results reflect those
circumstances in which the net benefits of performance appraisal are likely to be the
greatest. The results also show that complementary human resource management practices,
such as formal training and incentive pay, are associated with an increased likelihood of
performance appraisal, but that union density is associated with a reduced likelihood of
performance appraisal.
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Jawahar (2006) in his article titled, “Correlates of satisfaction with performance appraisal
feedback” states that the relative lack of research on employees’ reactions to performance
appraisal feedback is the primary impetus for this study which advances this important, but
satisfaction with appraisal feedback. Survey responses from 112 employees were matched
with their performance ratings from two different appraisal periods to test specific
hypotheses. Results indicate that satisfaction with rater and previous performance ratings
feedback was positively related to job satisfaction and organizational commitment and
between satisfaction with appraisal feedback and subsequent performance such that the
relationship existed only for supervisory employees who, in addition to receiving feedback
about their own performance, also provided feedback to their subordinates. Implications of
Varma and Pichler (2007) in their article titled, “Interpersonal Affect: Does It Really Bias
Performance Appraisals?”, state that interpersonal affect has been found, in prior laboratory
research, to be related to ratings of job performance. Such findings have been taken to mean
that affect creates bias in ratings. The study was conducted to determine if this relationship
would hold up in a field setting. The study was also designed to examine how structured
diary78 keeping, and the nature of the appraisal instrument, might be related to affect
appraisal relationships. The results for 85 raters and 404 ratees, suggested that affect was
significantly related to all ratings, but more strongly related to trait like ratings than
task/outcome-like ratings, and that having raters keep performance diaries actually increased
the strength of the relationship between affect and ratings. They concluded that affect may
not be a biasing influence on ratings, but may be a result of better subordinate performance.
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A Study on Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal System at Indira Gandhi Co-operative Hospital, Thalassery
Results from an analysis of the diary content supported this conclusion. Implications for the
role of effect on ratings and the nature of the relationship between past performance and
Khan (2007) in the article entitled "Performance Appraisal ̳s Relation with Productivity and
Job Satisfaction" pinpointed that the whole essence of the management activities of an
This, in turn, reflects the extent of the individual contributions and commitment of the
objectives/goals. It goes without saying that an effective performance appraisal system can
lead an organization to take strides towards success and growth by leaps and bounds.
Conversely, an ineffective performance appraisal system can seal the fate of an organization
by creating chaos and confusion from top to bottom in the administrative hierarchy. As a
consequence, the chances of success and growths of that organization are doomed.
Redshaw (2008) the study was conducted among nurses to assess their perception and
experiences about performance appraisal process within the hospital. The study found that
the nurse managers and staff nurses lack guidance on how to undertake and complete
appraisals. The study also found that appraisals are poorly implemented and the nurses
Hanan (2008) in his study assessed the factors affecting the performance of nurses. The
study discussed about the differences among employee demographics, job satisfaction, and
organizational commitment when influenced by performance. The study found that job
personal and professional variables. The study found that job satisfaction and organizational
commitment are the strong predictors of nurses’ performance and job performance was
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A Study on Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal System at Indira Gandhi Co-operative Hospital, Thalassery
positively related to personal factors like years of experience, nationality, gender, and
marital status. The study also found that the level of education was negatively related to
performance. The study concluded that cultural diversity is a reality for most health
organizations in Saudi Arabia and therefore, organization need to adopt effective human
Chen and Fu (2008) in their article titled “A systematic framework for performance
appraisal and compensation strategy” state that systematical strategic fit benefits
performance appraisal strategy and compensation strategy are extensive, but most of them
only focused on the single subject without the synergy of them. An extensive literature
performance appraisal and compensation strategy. Four propositions of the criteria and
methods of performance appraisal and compensation strategy are inferred in this systematic
framework. Furthermore, four situations of 2×2 combinations with the criteria and above
methods are discussed for the new systematic performance appraisal and compensation
way
Zhang and Lovegrove (2009) in their article titled, “Performance appraisal for Chinese state-
owned banking industry” states that performance appraisals, which are used to assist
based on western theories, which can create issues when they are applied in different
cultures, with China being identified as one such area. With China’s WTO accession and the
entry of foreign banks, the Chinese banking sector has become an extremely sensitive area
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A Study on Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal System at Indira Gandhi Co-operative Hospital, Thalassery
of development for the nation’s economy. It is important, therefore, to understand the factors
surrounding performance appraisal and what does the process add to the efficiencies in the
Chinese state-owned banking industry. This article is based on the data collected from the
employees of Chinese state-owned banks from 2005 to 2007. The findings suggest that the
employees ‘perception of justice has a positive relationship to their overall satisfaction with
both the performance appraisal process and their outcomes. However, statistically significant
Grunda and Sliwka (2009) in their article titled “The anatomy of performance appraisals in
Germany” investigated the use of performance appraisal (PA) in German firms. First, they
representative German data set on individual employees, they tested these hypotheses and
also explored the impact of PA on performance pay and further career prospects. The results
performance of older employees and women is evaluated less often. Furthermore, larger
firms evaluate the performance of their employees more. They found evidence for a non-
monotonic relation between the hierarchical level and usage of performance appraisal: The
performance of employees with very high or very low responsibilities is assessed less often
Brown, Hyatt and Benson (2010) in their assessed the impact of low-quality performance
organizational commitment and intent to quit. The study was based on the responses of the
non-managerial employees of PSR as the employees of this organization work under the
performance appraisal process and whose behaviors the system is intended to affect. The
study found that employees reporting high quality performance appraisal experience a
higher level of independence, less role conflict, more supportive co-workers and higher
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A Study on Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal System at Indira Gandhi Co-operative Hospital, Thalassery
perceived job security than employees reporting low performance appraisal and employees
experiencing low quality performance appraisals have lower job satisfaction, organizational
Migiro and Taderera (2011) in their study briefly described the appraisal process in the bank
of Botswana. The study found that the appraisal system was used to identity employees for
promotion and salary. The study also found that the reward outcomes did not always show a
positive reflection of the performance appraisal outcomes and that the system was not
consistent. The study also identified issues that needed to be addressed for the bank’s
performance appraisal system to be effective are regular training for both the employees and
the system across the Bank. The study highlighted the unique challenges of the PAS in the
Rakesh, Bimal and Ashish (2011) in their study discussed the importance of performance
appraisal process in hospitals. The study described the purpose of having a performance
hospital morale. The study suggested that performance of a health care professional should
by peers, based on prior agreement on expectations. The study also discussed various
appraisal approaches like behavioral approaches such as rating scales, peer rating, ranking or
nomination and outcome approaches such as MBO and goal setting. The study concluded
that professionals should give and receive timely feedback on a flexible schedule and
feedback must be provided one-on-one or by a group assessing the quality of care or through
an anonymous survey.
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A Study on Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal System at Indira Gandhi Co-operative Hospital, Thalassery
Sher Singh, Hemant and Banshiwal (2012) in their study assessed the formal structural
behaviors and outcomes. The study found that the philosophy, purpose and objectives of the
organization, written job descriptions, suitability of appraisal tool, trained evaluators, and
full support of top management are the important characteristics of performance appraisal
Sandesh Kumar Sharma and Cheidam Kumar Sharma (2015) conducted study among
private hospitals, in Jaipur to determine the opinion of the employees regarding the existing
performance appraisal process. The study found that employees are aware of performance
appraisal system. The study also found that employees felt that the method adopted for
appraisal is of good quality, which helped the employees to improve their performance and
also give opportunities to achieve the personal goals. The study concluded that the
effectiveness of performance appraisal system with 100 employees in gem plast. This study
covers the Human resources management and performance appraisal system of the company
and human resource, performance appraisal system covers the aspects like, employee
attitude towards work, behavior, trait, task, and relationship with authority and co-workers
of Gem Plast. Study revealed that most of Employees are feel Appraisal is necessary and
make the performance evaluation system more effective and efficient, the company decided
to re-design the appraisal system. The study shows that overall Performance evaluation in
the company satisfactory but company should concentrate more on following better
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A Study on Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal System at Indira Gandhi Co-operative Hospital, Thalassery
Dr Supriya Chikkara (2018) evaluated the Performance Appraisal Systems in Service
Industry in India. Study analyzed the appraisal systems, to study the interrelationship
between the factors like job satisfaction, organizational culture, etc., with performance
appraisal system. How long people wish to stay in the organization, and how they talk about
their organization outside. The sample size is 300 and survey was conducted in higher
divided into five factors namely (i) feelings towards current job (ii) Perception towards the
appraisal process (iii) Career plans in near future(iv) Ability to Perform and (v) General
realized its set goals, it is important that Performance Appraisal must become a regular
Ajibola, K., S., Mukulu, E., Orwa, G., O. (2019) evaluated performance appraisal as a
revealed that there is positive significant relationship between performance appraisal and
employee engagement. The study concluded that there were traditional performance
manufacturing firms should embrace continuous performance appraisal to improve the level
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2.1 THEORATICAL REVIEW
performance appraisal methods are tailored to the organization's employees, jobs, and
structure.
Let the employees know where they stand in so far as their performance is concerned
and to assist them with constructive criticism and guidance for the purpose of their
development.
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A Study on Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal System at Indira Gandhi Co-operative Hospital, Thalassery
Decide upon a pay raise (increments)
Determine whether human resource programs such, as selection, training and transfers
actions, etc.
• Prepare - prepare all materials, notes agreed tasks and records of performance,
• Inform - ensure the appraise is informed of a suitable time and place and clarify purpose
• Venue - ensure a suitable venue is planned and available - private and free from
interruptions
• Introduction - relax the appraise - open with a positive statement, smile, be warm and
friendly
• Review and measure - review the activities, tasks, objectives, and achievements one by
one.
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• Agree an action plan - An overall plan should be agreed with the appraisee, which
should take account of the job responsibilities, the appraisee's career aspirations, the
• Agree necessary support - This is the support required for the appraisee to achieve the
objectives and can include training and anything relevant and helpful that will help the
person
develop towards the standard and agreed task. Also consider training and development
that
relates to 'whole-person development' outside of job skills. Developing the whole person
in this
way will bring benefits to their role and will increase motivation and loyalty.
• Invite any other points or questions - make sure you capture any other concerns.
• Close positively- Thank the appraisee for their contribution to the meeting and their
effort
through the year and commit to helping in any way you can.
• Record main points, agreed actions and follow-up - Swiftly follow-up the meeting with
all necessary copies and confirmations, and ensure documents are filed and copied to
relevant departments.
Benefits:
Managers are better equipped to use their leadership skills and to develop their
staff.
organizational objectives.
Opportunity to clarify expectations that the manager has from teams and
individuals.
Means of forming a more productive relationship with staff based on mutual trust
and understanding.
expectations.
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A Study on Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal System at Indira Gandhi Co-operative Hospital, Thalassery
Opportunity to discuss aspirations and any guidance, support or training needed to
the superior.
The actual performance (Key performance area) of an employee is then compared to the
Ranking
In this, the superior ranks his/her subordinates in order of their merit, from
best to worst.
It is done by placing the appraise on numerical scales I.e., 1st, 2nd, 3rd etc. in
member
Person-to-Person/Paired Comparison
Under this method the appraiser compares each employee with every other
Initiative etc.
Grading
knowledge etc.
Appraisee is allotted with the grade, which describes his performance in the best
Graphic Scale
The factors included in the form are Employee characteristics such as leadership,
The traits can be evaluated on continuous scale – the appraiser places a mark
Checklist
The appraiser must reply to the questions in either negative or positive tone-
(Yes/No).
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A Study on Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal System at Indira Gandhi Co-operative Hospital, Thalassery
The value of each question may be weighted i.e., one can have predetermined
Essay
The form contains main heading such as employees’ characteristics, attitudes, job
The appraiser is asked to put in words his impressions about the employee.
Confidential Reporting
assumption here is that since the superior is in direct contact, he knows his
subordinates better than any other and hence his appraisal would be more
appropriate.
These incidents are given to a group of experts who assign scale values depending
strong.
In forced choice system the appraiser is forced to choose one from among a
group of 4 statements that best fits the individual being rated and one which least
fits him.
The evaluator does not know the score value of statements; hence he cannot
The method of arranging the traits involves a long process from getting the
reliability.
Behaviourally Anchored Rating Scales (BARS) is a relatively new technique which combines
the graphic rating scale and critical incidents method. It consists of predetermined critical
performance qualities as good or bad (for e.g., the qualities like inter-personal relationships,
adaptability and reliability, job knowledge etc.). In this method, an employee’s actual job
behaviour is judged against the desired behaviour by recording and comparing the behaviour
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A Study on Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal System at Indira Gandhi Co-operative Hospital, Thalassery
Human Resource Accounting Method
Human resources are valuable assets for every organization. Human resource accounting
method tries to find the relative worth of these assets in the terms of money. In this method
the performance of the employees is judged in terms of cost and contribution of the
employees. The cost of employees includes all the expenses incurred on them like their
compensation, recruitment and selection costs, induction, and training costs etc. whereas
their contribution includes the total value added (in monetary terms). The difference
between the cost and the contribution will be the performance of the employees. Ideally,
the contribution of the employees should be greater than the cost incurred on them.
Assessment Centers
An assessment centre typically involves the use of methods like social/informal events,
tests and exercises, assignments being given to a group of employees to assess their
competencies to take higher responsibilities in the future. Generally, employees are given
an assignment like the job they would be expected to perform if promoted. The trained
evaluators observe and evaluate employees as they perform the assigned jobs and are
evaluated on job related characteristics. The major competencies that are judged in
assessment centres are interpersonal skills, intellectual capability, planning and organizing
capabilities, motivation, career orientation etc. assessment centers are also an effective way
Management by Objectives
The concept of ‘Management by Objectives’ (MBO) was first given by Peter Drucker in
1954. Management by Objectives is basically a process whereby the superior and the
subordinate managers of an enterprise jointly identify its common goals, define everyone’s
major areas of responsibility in terms of the results expected of him and use these measures
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as guides for operating the unit and assessing the contribution of each of its members.
on results and goals rather than a prescribed method. Several companies have had
V. Feedback
360º Feedback
The 360º Feedback process is called multi-source assessment, taps the collective wisdom of
those who work most closely with the employee, superiors, colleagues (peers), direct
reports and possibly internal and often external customers. The collective intelligence these
people provide on critical competencies or specific behaviours and skills gives the
employee a clear understanding of personal strengths and areas ripe for development.
Employees also view this performance information from multiple perspectives as fair,
accurate, credible, and motivating. As the 360º Feedback process better serves the needs of
employees, it serves the changing needs of their organizations too. Organizations are
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A Study on Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal System at Indira Gandhi Co-operative Hospital, Thalassery
empowerment, teamwork, continuous learning, individual development, and self-
responsibility. The 360º Feedback Model aligns with these organizational goals to create
1. Self-appraisal
2. Superior’s appraisal
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Healthcare is one of India ‘s largest sectors, in terms of revenue and employment, and the
sector is expanding rapidly. During the 1990s, Indian healthcare grew at a compound
annual rate of 16%. Today the total value of the sector is more than $34 billion. This
By 2012, India ‘s healthcare sector is projected to grow to nearly $40 billion. The Indian
US$280 billion industry by 2020. The Indian healthcare market was estimated at US$35
billion in 2007 and is expected to reach over US$70 billion by 2012 and US$145 billion by
2017. According to the Investment Commission of India the healthcare sector has
experienced phenomenal growth of 12 percent per annum in the last 4 years. Rising income
levels and a growing elderly population are all factors that are driving this growth. In
addition, changing demographics, disease profiles and the shift from chronic to lifestyle
Even so, the vast majority of the country suffers from a poor standard of healthcare
infrastructure which has not kept up with the growing economy. Despite having centers of
excellence in healthcare delivery, these facilities are limited and are inadequate in meeting
the current healthcare demands. Nearly one million Indians die every year due to
inadequate healthcare facilities and 700 million people have no access to specialist care and
A Hospital, in the modern sense of the world is an institution for health care providing
patient treatment by specialized staff and equipment, and often but not always providing
for longer-term patient stays .1ts historical meaning, until relatively recent times, was "a
place of hospital", for example the Chelsea Royal Hospital. Established in 1681 to house
veteran soldiers.
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A Study on Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal System at Indira Gandhi Co-operative Hospital, Thalassery
Today, hospitals are usually funded by the public sector by health organizations, (for profit
donations. Historically, however, hospitals were often founded and funded by religious
orders or charitable individuals and leaders. Modern-day hospitals are largely staffed by
professional physicians, surgeons, and nurses, whereas in history, this work was usually
performed by the founding religious orders, such as the Alexians and the Bon Secours
During the Middle Ages hospitals served different functions to modern institutions, being
alms-houses for the poor hostels for pilgrims, or hospital schools. The word hospital comes
from the Latin word ‘Hospitalia’, which means an apartment for strangers and guests.,
signifying a stranger in or foreigner, hence a guest. Another noun derived from this,
Hospitalia came to signify hospitality, that is the relation between guest and shelter.
Hospitality friendliness. Hospitable reception. The latter modern word derives from lasting
via the ancient French romance word hostel, which developed a silent which.is signified by
Grammar of the word differs slightly depending on the dialect the U.S., hospital usually
requires an article; in Britain and elsewhere, the word normally is used without an article
when it is the object of a preposition and when referring to a patient (“in/to the hospital" vs
Kerala scenario
Kerala the “God ‘s own country”, is the cradle of Ayurveda and traditional system of
medicine. The alternative system of medicine, Ayurveda is very well marketed in Kerala in
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A Study on Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal System at Indira Gandhi Co-operative Hospital, Thalassery
terms of medical tourism. Kerala has the best qualified professionals in each and every
field. The state has the most competent doctors and world class medical facilities also.
The medical charges in Kerala are also competent so that people from other states, across
the borders and from all parts of the world come here for the treatment of various health
conditions.
The Kerala hospitals are well equipped of accommodating and treating a multitude of
medical tourists at the same time. The state-of-the-art infrastructure and health facilities
provided to patients are excellent. The panel of doctors is well experienced and veterans in
their fields. Kerala has many Super Specialty Hospitals, multi-specialty hospitals, Dental
care hospitals, eye care hospitals, Ayurvedic centers. Moreover, economical and effective
Ancient Asia
The sin hales (Sri Lankans) are perhaps responsible for introducing the concept of
dedicated hospital to the world. According to the Mahavamsa, the ancient chronic of
Sinhalese royalty written in the 6th century A.D, King Pandukabhaya (4th century B.C)
had lying homes and hospitals had in various part of the country. This is the earliest
documentary evidence we have of institution specifically dedicated to the care of the sick
anywhere in the world mihintale hospital is perhaps the oldest in the world.
TYPES
Some patients go to a hospital just for diagnosis. treatment, or therapy and then leave
(outpatients') without staying overnight; while there are 'admitted' and stay overnight or for
several weeks or months ('inpatients'). Hospitals usually are distinguished from other types
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A Study on Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal System at Indira Gandhi Co-operative Hospital, Thalassery
of medical facilities by their ability to admit and care for inpatients whilst the others are
1. General
The best-known type of hospital is the general hospital, which is set up to deal with many
kinds of disease and injury, and normally has an emergency department to deal with
immediate and urgent threats to health. A general hospital typically is the major health care
facility in its region, with large numbers of beds for intensive care and long-term care; and
may have several hospitals, especially in the United States have their own ambulance
service.
2.Specialized
hospitals for dealing with specific medical needs such as psychiatric problems (see
with pre-twentieth-century origins began as one building and evolved campuses. Some
hospitals are affiliated with universities for medical research and the training of medical
personnel such as physicians and nurses, often called teaching hospitals. Worldwide, most
hospitals are run on a non-profit basis by governments or charities. Within the United
3.Teaching
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A Study on Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal System at Indira Gandhi Co-operative Hospital, Thalassery
A teaching hospital combines assistance to patients with teaching to medical students and
4.Clinics
A medical facility smaller than a hospital is generally called a clinic, and often is run by a
government agency for health services or private partnership of physicians (nations where
DEPARTMENTS
Hospitals vary widely in the services they offer and therefore, in the departments they have.
They may have acute services such as an emergency department or specialist trauma
centre. Burn unit surgery or urgent care. These may then be backed up by more specialist
units such as cardiology or coronary care unit, intensive care unit., Neurology, cancer
centre and obstetrics and gynaecology’s. Some hospitals will have outpatient departments
and some will have chronic treatment units such as behavioural health services, dentistry,
Common support units include a dispensary or pharmacy, pathology, radiology and on the
non-medical side there often are medical records departments and/or release of information
department.
Classification of Hospitals
Hospitals are classified into different types depending upon different criteria. Hospitals are
divided into:
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A Study on Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal System at Indira Gandhi Co-operative Hospital, Thalassery
2. Classification based on ownership
1. General hospitals
2. Specialty hospitals
3. Teaching-cum-research hospitals
Hospital industry structure is complex in nature, as the industry can be looked from
functions, performance and the community it serves. Hospitals are normally classified
into different types depending upon criteria like, objectives, ownership and system of
medicine. The sections below attempt to elaborate the structure of hospitals in little more
detail.
General hospitals
The main objective of these hospitals is to provide medical care where teaching and
research is secondary. General hospitals (Gl I) are well-known type of hospitals, which
deal with all kinds of diseases, injury and also has an emergency ward to deal with
immediate threats to health and capable to deliver emergency medical services. GH has
major healthcare facilities with large number of beds for intensive care and long-term
treatment. The hospital is equipped to take care of medical, surgical, maternity, and
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A Study on Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal System at Indira Gandhi Co-operative Hospital, Thalassery
psychiatric cases, child birth, and plastic surgery and usually has a resident medical staff.
Example: government run hospitals, primary healthcare centre, district and taluka hospitals
Specialty hospitals
oncology centres, psychiatric hospitals and others. Patients will often be referred from
smaller hospitals to a speciality hospital for major operations, and consultations with
subspecialists. These hospitals have highly trained specialists, high-end technology and
have the round the clock services. These hospitals are able to do specialized tests,
undertake dialysis for acute renal failure, provide ventilation to patients with respiratory
These hospitals undertake research and have adequate library facilities These hospitals
concentrate on a particular organ of the body and provide medical care in that field only
The main objective of these hospitals is teaching based on research and the provision of
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A Study on Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal System at Indira Gandhi Co-operative Hospital, Thalassery
This classification is mainly based on the ownership of the hospital. It includes hospitals
charitable hospitals. These hospitals provide healthcare services by charging nominal fee
from the patient. Many of these hospitals run their services with the help of government
Government hospitals
These hospitals are government-run hospitals: they are either managed by central
government or stale government. One of the major purposes of these hospitals is to provide
free or charged healthcare services at a very nominal cost to poor people. J J Hospital in
Mumbai is an example of such a hospital. However, there are other hospitals like railway
hospital or defence hospital which are for providing healthcare services to the employees of
Semi-government hospitals
Insurance (ESI) hospital. Some of the hospitals in this category is managed by various
These hospitals are run with the funds received from various industrialists, national and
international charity organisations. Specialists from different countries visit these hospitals
at regular intervals. Some examples include Sri SatvaSai super Speciality Hospitals in
Charity hospitals
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A Study on Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal System at Indira Gandhi Co-operative Hospital, Thalassery
In India, charity hospitals have become a popular way of giving back to the society. Many
industrialists have sought to serve the society by promoting hospitals. Such hospitals fall
into two categories: not-for-profit hospitals and free hospitals. Example: Christian Medical
medicine such as Ayurveda. Homoeopathy and unani. The Indian systems of medicine are
recognised by the union government. Most states are actively involved in colleges that
In addition, many traditional systems prevail in India particularly in rural and agency
areas. Typically, the local priest or village head administers medicines made of locally-
available herbs. While the Indian systems of medicine certainly have their advantages, a
majority of rural population relies on these systems due to lack of allopathic facilities, low
The Indian systems of medicine largely rely on herbs from the foot hills of Himalayas,
tropical regions of Vindhva Mountains, Western Ghats and the north-eastern part of India.
These herbs form the basis for a range of medicines such as decoctions, powders and
liquids, in addition to herbs, other sources are also used to prepare medicines in the Indian
systems of medicine.
Allopathic
Allopathy based on science is widely practised medical system driven by the Western
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A Study on Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal System at Indira Gandhi Co-operative Hospital, Thalassery
symptoms. Each drug in allopathy is a result of extensive research. Allopathy has been
Ayurvedic
This is an ancient system of treatment in India. Ayurveda is a science of life system, which
deals with causes, symptoms, diagnoses and treatment based on all aspects of wellbeing:
practice, matured into a fully developed medical science with eight branches that have
2. Paediatrics (KcnnnarBhrilya)
3. Psychiatry (BhoolViilya)
4. Ophthalmology (Shalakya)
5. Surgery {Shalva)
6. Toxicology {AgadTanirci)
7. Geriatrics {Rusayana)
Homeopathic
Homoeopathy is also one of the ‘oldest systems of treatments in India. The Word
'Homoeopathy' is derived from two Greek words. Tomeis' meaning similar and 'pathos
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A Study on Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal System at Indira Gandhi Co-operative Hospital, Thalassery
minute doses, which are capable of producing symptoms similar to the disease when taken
world, In India Homoeopathy is popular due its safety and lack of side effects.
A study indicates that about 10% of the Indian population depends solely on Homoeopathy
for health problems. The system is older than a century and a half, well integrated into the
roots of the country. 'Small wonder', it has been recognised as one of the National Systems
number of people.
The word ‘co-operation’ is derived from the Latin word "Cooperate" which means
‘working together'. Generally, it implies living and working together. All organization of
the society ranging family to nation, are build up on the strong foundation of co-operation
can be local, regional, national or international, there was no period in human history when
At present the word 'co-operation' had gone beyond its general sense meaning of working
economic organization there for co-operation is not merely a feeling of human being for the
To co-operative movement was originated in England in 1844. The intent organization was
formed by group of flannel weaver. At his time the weavers in England were badly
exploited by the capitalist they found that co-operation is the only way of solution.
Definition
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A Study on Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal System at Indira Gandhi Co-operative Hospital, Thalassery
According to C.R. Ray, "co-operation is an association for the purpose of joint trading
originating among the week and conducted always in an unselfish spirit on such terms that
all are prepared to assume the duties of membership by share its reward in promotion to the
In Kerala co-operative sector as, remarkable progress is providing health care service.
There cooperative hospitals have achieved organizational growth arising out locally felt
needs and initiatives shown by local leadership. The first hospitals in Kerala come in to
being on 14 may 1969 in Thrissur. The venture was very successful and set in motion trend
for the formation of number of co-operative hospitals in Kerala. The Govt of Kerala also
comes out with certain promotional scheme for the formulation of hospital in co-operative
sector. Once was for the provision of one-time subsidy on selected investment such as
purchase of equipment and share capital assistance. The other was launching of a pilot
project the establishment if panchayath level dispensaries in 1973 with similar assistance.
As a result of this a number of hospital and dispensaries come up in the co-operative sector
throughout Kerala.
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A Study on Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal System at Indira Gandhi Co-operative Hospital, Thalassery
Cooperative Hospital opened its doors in 1990. to usher in a new era in sophisticated and
specialized medical care at affordable costs housed in a magnified 5 storey structure. The
new building with bed strength of 350 become functioning in 1999And now almost 280
peoples working in this hospital. However, the institution was known for its dedicated care
of patient at all levels. The warm ambience, highly competent and dedicated doctor's well-
trained an experienced nursing staff along with dependable laboratory. The medical team
has been handpicked based on their skills, reputation and popularly. I their dedication and
commitment together with facilities make this hospital special place for total care.
Indira Gandhi Co-operative Hospital has 24 hours causality, pharmacy, accident care unit,
X-ray unit, laboratory, ultra sound scanning unit, intensive care unit (ICU). Intensive
critical care unit (ICCU) and separate paediatric ICU with all facilities. Other departments
such as General Medicine concerned with restoring and preserving health by means of
surgeries for voice problems, nasal endoscopic surgeries and all other routine in I surgeries
are performed.
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A Study on Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal System at Indira Gandhi Co-operative Hospital, Thalassery
The hospital has two main operation theatres, which are well equipped with sophisticated
machine, monitors and electro surgical countries. The hospital has a pharmacy within its
premises where all sorts of medicines are available. Moreover, the hospital takes effort to
MISSION
patient care with unrelenting attention to clinical excellence, patient safety and an
unparallel passion and commitment to assure the very best healthcare for those we serve.
VISION
A hospital which the community recognizes as being sensitized to their needs even in their
most vulnerable capacity. Humane conduct without compromising on quality health care.
QUALITY POLICY
The Indira Gandhi hospital is committed to provide excellent quality health care at
affordable cost to the public. This shall be achieved through dedicated services of all staff
of the hospital. The management fully supports this policy with all necessary resources.
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A Study on Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal System at Indira Gandhi Co-operative Hospital, Thalassery
ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
CHAIRMAN
GENERAL MANAGER
ADMINISTRATIVE
OFFICER
WARD BOY
LIFT
OTHER STAFFS
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A Study on Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal System at Indira Gandhi Co-operative Hospital, Thalassery
The Indira Gandhi co-operative hospital provides a variety of services to its patients. It is
geared to handle an extensive range of medical and surgical problems. The services of
Room facility
The hospital offers rooms to patients with all facilities including general wards rooms a/c.
deluxe room non a/c and ordinary room. Other facilities are laboratory, incubator, free
Department of cardiology
Department of neurology
Department of urology
Department of endocrinology
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A Study on Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal System at Indira Gandhi Co-operative Hospital, Thalassery
Department of rheumatology
Department of gastroenterology
2) SPECIALITY DEPARTMENT
Department of paediatrics
Department of gynaecology
Department of medicine
Department of pulmonology
Department of orthopaedics
Department of ENT
Department of ophthalmology
Department of dermatology
Department of radiology
Department of anaesthesiology
Department of psychology
Department of psychiatry
Department of Pathology
Department of dental
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A Study on Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal System at Indira Gandhi Co-operative Hospital, Thalassery
SCANNING DEPARTMENT
CT-scanning
MRI scanning
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A Study on Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal System at Indira Gandhi Co-operative Hospital, Thalassery
HR DEPARTMENT
STRUCTURE OF HR DEPARTMENT
GENERAL MANAGER
PERSONNEL
ADMINISTRATION
ADMINISTRATION
PUBLIC RELATIONS SECURITY CHIEF
EXECUTIVE
CANTEEN
OFFICE ASSISTANT SECURITY GUARD
SUPERVISOR
HELPER COOK
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A Study on Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal System at Indira Gandhi Co-operative Hospital, Thalassery
Indira Gandhi co-operative hospital has a good HR department and it maintains good
relations with the employees. This helped the company to achieve tremendous growth. All
the employee’s related activities are managed by this department. The hospital is working
The president delegates the authorities to the general manager and administrative officer.
The general manager and administrative officer looks after the HR department function.
Working hours:
Evening 6pm-9pm
7.30am - l .30pm
1.30pm - 7.30pm
7.30pm - 7.30 pm
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A Study on Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal System at Indira Gandhi Co-operative Hospital, Thalassery
FUNCTIONS OF HR DEPARTMENT AT INDIRA GANDHI COOPERATIVE
HOSPITAL
1) RECRUITMENT
Recruitment is a process of searching for and obtaining applicant for jobs from among
whom the right candidates can be selected. Recruitment process is done after the job
analysis and the job design which specifies the task and duties of job and qualification
expected from the respective job holders. In Indira Gandhi cooperative hospital the HR
department has a clear-cut recruitment planning. For this they give advertisement in
newspaper. After collecting all applications, department sorts these applications and call up
the right candidate for the interview. The hospital should maintain the co-operative rules
while recruitment.
After screening the test, candidates are called for the interview. For the post of office staff
and managerial position written tests are conducted with the help of experts in the field.
The short-listed candidates will be called After interview. The employees are selected on
the basis of cooperative society's act. The interview panel consists of GM, department head
3) INDUCTION
The process of induction carried out to help a new employee overcome the sense of
strangeness. This process involves induction to the organization, its objective, policies and
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A Study on Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal System at Indira Gandhi Co-operative Hospital, Thalassery
practices. The employees are given a handbook containing the work to be carried out by
him.
Training and development refer to the importing of specific skills, abilities and knowledge
to an employee. The hospital is not conducting any training programs. But in the case of
waste management the nurses and sweepers are given training by employing the service
of private agencies and after successfully completing the training program the candidate is
channel that gives the employee to access important information and an opportunity to
express their ideas and feelings. The supervisors are familiar with employment policies
employees aware of their right and this leads to lessen for misunderstanding.
5) COMPENSATION OF EMPLOYEES
EMPLOYEE REMUNERATION
the compensation an employee receives in return for his or her contribution the
organization.
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A Study on Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal System at Indira Gandhi Co-operative Hospital, Thalassery
Salary is paid with pay slip, which contains details of the pay. At the time when the
employee receives salary should sign on the copy of the pay slip and it is filed in the
department.
Dearness allowances
It is the allowance paid to employees in order to enable them to face the increasing
dearness of essential commodities. Kerala state rules give the percentage of DA.
Fringe benefits
Welfare fund pension and all other fringe benefits are fixed under the control of the
Provident fund
This benefit is meant; for economic welfare of the employee. The company contributes
Pension
Bonus
The employees of the hospital are given bonus for certain festivals like onam, vishu,
Christmas, new year etc. The minimum bonus is 8.33%. The bonus given depends
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A Study on Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal System at Indira Gandhi Co-operative Hospital, Thalassery
Rsv4 contributed by staff and Rs.8 contributed by the co-operative society every 6 months.
Every year the staff and co-operative society make an equal contribution of Rs.50 towards
6) PROMOTION
A change for better prospects from one job to another is deemed by the employee as
promotion. The promotion period for the entire employee is up to 2 years. Seniority is
taken as the base for promotion. If two people have joined on the same day their age will be
considered.
1. LEAVE
Proper leave facilities are granted to the employees in order to reduce their absence leave.
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A Study on Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal System at Indira Gandhi Co-operative Hospital, Thalassery
2. HEALTH SERVICE
Absence due to illness of an employee affects the hospital service to the patients and causes
lots of pay to the individual employees. The hospital provides free health treatment to
9) EMPLOYEE WELFARE
Employee welfare plans form an integral part of all scheme. A meeting is conducted in 3–
6-month period to discuss the problems and grievances of the employee and thereby
efficiency.
10) CANTEEN
The hospital has canteen for employees and patients. For drinking water, coolers are also
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A Study on Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal System at Indira Gandhi Co-operative Hospital, Thalassery
TABLE NO 4.1
BELOW 25 4 8
25-35 24 48
35-45 18 36
ABOVE 45 4 8
TOTAL 50 100
CHART NO 4.1
50
45
40
Percentage
35
30 PERCENTAGE
25
20
15
10
5
0
BELOW 25 25-35 35-45 ABOVE 45
Age group of the respondents
INTERPRETATION
It is observed from the above table that 48%respondents falls under the age group of
25-35,36% of the respondents falls under the age group of 35-45, 8% of the
respondents falls under the age group 45. Hence it can be referring that majority of the
years.
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TABLE NO 4.2
MALE 34 68
FEMALE 16 32
TOTAL 50 100
CHART NO 4.2
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A Study on Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal System at Indira Gandhi Co-operative Hospital, Thalassery
INTERPRETATION
It is observed from the above table 68% of the respondents are males and 32% are female
MARTIAL STATUS
TABLE NO 4 3
Martial Status
Gender of respondents
80
70
70
60
Percentage
60
50
percentage
Series2
40
50 PERCENTAGE
30
40
20
30
10
20
0
10 MALE FEMALE
0 Gender of respondents
MARRIED UNMARRIED
martial status
MARRIED 36 72
UNMARRIED 14 28
TOTAL 50 100
CHART NO 4.3
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SSLC 15 30
DIPLOMA 20 40
GRADUATE 15 30
TOTAL 50 100
INTERPRETATION
It is seen from the above table that 72% of the respondents are married and 28% are
unmarried.
EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATION
TABLE NO 4.4
CHART NO 4.4
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Educational qualification
45
40
35
30
Percentage
25
20 PERCENTAGE
15
10
5
0
SSLC DIPLOMA GRADUATE
Educational qualification
INTERPRETATION
From the above table it is seen that 40% Of respondents are having educational
EXPERIENCE OF EMPLOYEES
TABLE NO 4.5
YEARS NO OF RESPONDENTS PERCENTAGE
1-3 YEARS 10 20
TOTAL 50 100
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CHART NO 4.5
Experience of employees
60
50
40
Percentage
30 PERCENTAGE
20
10
0
LESS THAN 1 YEAR 1-3 YEARS MORE THAN 3 YEARS
Experience of employees
INTERPRETATION
Hence it is interfered that majority of the employees (48%) is having less than one of
experience,20% having 1 to 3 years and 32% having more than 3 years of experience
TABLE NO 4.6
YES 47 94
NO 3 6
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TOTAL 50 100
CHART NO 4.6
INTERPRETATION
100
90
80
70
Percentage
60
PERCENTAGE
50
40
30
20
10
0
AWARE UNAWARE
hospital are aware of the performance aoppraisal.it is presumed that awareness about
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TABLE NO 4.7
QUARTERLY 49 98
HALF YEARLY 1 2
TOTAL 50 100
CHART NO 4.7
120
100
80
Percentage
PERCENTAGE
60
40
20
0
QUARTERLY HALF YEARLY
Frequency of performance appraisal
INTERPRETATION
It is noted from the above table that 98% of the respondents are of the view that
performance appraisal is carried out on quarterly basis and only 2% of the respondents
are of the view that appraisal is carried out on half yearly basis
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TABLE NO 4.8
SENIORITY 11 22
TOTAL 50 100
CHART NO 4.8
80
70
60
50
Percentage
40 PERCENTAGE
30
20
10
0
ON THE BASIS OF SENIORITY
MERIT RATING
role of performance appraisal
INTERPRETATION
It is noted from the above table that 78% of the respondents are of the opinion that
performance appraisal is based on merit rating and 22% of the respondents are of the
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TABLE NO 4.9
BEHAVIORAL 12 24
FUNCTIONAL 15 30
PROMOTIONAL 2 4
TOTAL 50 100
CHART NO 4.9
40
30
20
Percentage
10
0
T
EN
PERCENTAGE
L
VE
L
PM
RA
BO
N
O
O
IO
A
TI
VI
EL
CT
E
A
EV
TH
M
N
H
FU
D
BE
LL
D
PR
A
N
A
G
IN
IN
A
TR
INTERPRETATION
hospital are aware of the view that performance appraisal. Carried out in the organisation
APPRAISAL METHOD
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TABLE NO 4.10
TOTAL 50 100
CHART NO 4.10
Appraisal method
100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
Percentage
50%
PERCENTAGE
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
360 DEGREE METHOD
Appraisal method
INTERPRETATION
It is observed from the above table 100% of the respondents are of the v view that 360-
degree method is used for performance appraisal.it is presumed that the use of 360-degree
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GRADING METHOD 10 19
RANKING METHOD 5 36
TOTAL 50 100
TABLE NO 4.11
CHART NO 4.11
Perception Towards Performance Appraisal Method
45
40
35
30
Percentage
25
20
15 PERCENTAGE
10
5
0
GRADING
METHOD RANKING
METHOD 360 DEGREE
METHOD
Perception Towards Performance Appraisal Method
INTERPRETATION
It is observed from the above table 19% of the respondents perception towards grading
towards ranking method and 45% of the respondents have perception towards 360 degree
method.
SENSE OF FULFILLMENT
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TABLE NO.4.12
STRONGLY AGREE 39 78
AGREE 3 6
STRONGLY DISAGREE 7 14
DISAGREE 1 2
TOTAL 50 100
CHART NO 4.12
Sense of fulfillment
DISAGREE
Percentage
STRONGLY DISAGREE
AGREE
STRONGLY AGREE
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Sense of fulfillment
INTERPRETATION
From this it is clear that 78% of the respondents strongly agree that performance appraisal
gives them a sense of fulfilment whereas 6% agree,14% strongly disagree and 2% disagree
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PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL REPORT HELP YOU IN IDENTIFYING TRAINING &
DEVELOPMENT NEEDS
TABLE NO 4.13
PARTICULARS NO OF RESPONDENTS PERCENTAGE
PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL 46 92
HELPS TO IDENTIFY
TRAINING &DEVELOPMENT
NEEDS
TRAINING &DEVELOPMENT 4 8
NEEDS ARE NOT IDENTIFIED
TOTAL 50 100
Source: Primary data
CHART NO 4.13
Performance Appraisal Report Help You In Identifying Training &
Development Needs
Percentage
100
80
60
40
PERCENTAGE
20
0
PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL
HELPS TO IDENTIFY TRAINING TRAINING& DEVELOPMENT
& DEVELOPMENT NEEDS NEEDS ARE NOT IDENTIFIED
Performance Appraisal Report Help You In Identifying Training &
Development Needs
INTERPRETATION
From this table it is clear that 92% of employees feels, performance appraisal system is
thinks that performance appraisal system doesn’t helps in identifying training needs
development needs
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TABLE NO 4.14
OPTIONS NO OF RESPONDENTS PERCENTAGE
STRONGLY AGREE 14 28
AGREE 28 56
NEUTRAL 6 12
DISAGREE 2 4
TOTAL 50 100
CHART NO 4.14
60
50 percentage of
respondants
Percentage
40
30
20
10
0
strongly agree agree neutral disagree
INTERPRETATION
employees agree with the statement, 12% of employees neutral with the statement and
disagree with the statement that are you satisfied with existing system of performance
appraisal
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TABLE NO 4.15
PARTICULARS NO OF PERCENTAGE
RESPONDENTS
YES 38 76
NO 12 24
TOTAL 50 100
CHART NO 4.15
80
70
60
50
Percentage
40
PERCENTAGE
30
20
10
0
YESTo Perform Better In The Job
Motivation
NO
INTERPRETATION
It is presumed that appraisal system that motivates employees perform better at their job
indicates the efficiency of the performance appraisal system followed at hospital. The
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appraisal system is likely to have gained acceptance of majority of the employees of the
organisation.
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ACHIEVEMENT OF GOALS
TABLE NO 4.16
YES 37 74
NO 13 26
TOTAL 50 100
CHART NO 4.16
Achivements of Goals
80
70
60
Percentage
50
PERCENTAGE
40
30
20
10
0
YES NO
Achievement of Goals
INTERPRETATION
From the above table it refers that 74% of the respondents are of the view that performance
appraisal helps to achieve the goal and 26% of the respondents are of the view that not helps
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A Study on Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal System at Indira Gandhi Co-operative Hospital, Thalassery
TABLE NO 4.17
YES 38 76
NO 12 24
TOTAL 50 100
40
PERCENTAGE
30
20
10
0
YES NO
Effective Compensation System
CHART NO 4.17
INTERPRETATION
It is noted that from the above table 76% of the respondents are opinion that performance
appraisal helps in effective compensation system and 24% of the respondents are not
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TABLE NO 4.18
YES 39 78
NO 11 22
TOTAL 50 100
CHART NO 4.18
PERCENTAGE
YES
NO
INTERPRETATION
It is noted from the above table 78% of the respondents are opinion that performance
appraisal helps in providing proper feedback to employees and 22% of the respondents are
not.
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TABLE NO 4.19
MONETORY 15 30
NON MONETORY 4 8
BOTH 31 62
TOTAL 50 100
CHART NO 4.19
PERCENTAGE
From the above table 30% of the respondent’s expectation on post appraisal benefits are
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YES 27 54
NO 23 46
TOTAL 50 100
CHART NO 4.20
54
52
Percentage
50
48 PERCENTAGE
46
44
42
YES NO
Performance Apprisal Based On favourism
INTERPRETATION
It was inferred from the above table that 54% of the respondents are opinion that performance
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TABLE NO.4.21
STRONGLY AGREE 21 42
AGREE 23 46
DISAGREE 4 8
STRONGLY DISAGREE 2 4
TOTAL 50 100
CHART NO.4.21
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Strongly agree Agree Disagree Strongly disagree
Percentage
INTERPRETATION
It is identified that 42% of the respondents are opinion that performance appraisal helps in
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TABLE NO.4.22
SoSource: Primary Data
CHART NO.4.22
OPTIONS NO OF RESPONDENTS PERCENTAGE
STRONGLY AGREE 20 40
AGREE 28 56
STRONGLY DISAGREE 1 2
DISAGREE 1 2
TOTAL 50 100
INTERPRETATION
40
30
20
10
0
Strongly agree
Agree
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Performance rating helps to fix increment
It is identified that 56% of the respondents are opinion that performance appraisal rating
helps in fixing increment and 40% strongly agreed,2% disagreed and 2% are strongly
agreed
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A Study on Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal System at Indira Gandhi Co-operative Hospital, Thalassery
TABLE NO.4.23
STRONGLY AGREE 16 32
AGREE 28 56
DISAGREE 4 8
STRONGLY DISAGREE 2 4
TOTAL 50 100
CHART NO.23
PERCENTAGE
STRONGLY AGREE
AGREE
DISAGREE
STRONGLY DISAGREE
INTERPRETATION
It is observed that 32% of the respondents are strongly agreeing that performance appraisal
aims at employee’s personal development and work satisfaction, and 56% agreed,8%
CALCULATION OF CHI-SQUARE
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A Study on Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal System at Indira Gandhi Co-operative Hospital, Thalassery
Null hypothesis (HO): Employees are not satisfied with the current performance appraisal
system
Alternative hypothesis (H1): Employees are satisfied with the current performance appraisal
system
CHI-SQUARE TABLE
O E (O-E) (O-E) ^2 (O-E) ^2/E
∑(O-E) ^2/E=31.6
Degree of freedom= (n-1)
RESULT:
31.6>7.815
Thus, we reject null hypothesis and accept alternative hypothesis so we can conclude that
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A Study on Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal System at Indira Gandhi Co-operative Hospital, Thalassery
FINDINGS
The following are the findings derived from this research study “a study on
48% of the respondents intended to fall under the age group of 25-35 out of 100
72%of the respondents are married and 48% of respondents have experience less
98% of the employees are satisfied with the duration(quarterly) of the performance
78% of the respondents accepted that performance appraisal system is based on merit
rating
From the study it is found that most respondents(ie;36%) with the overall objectives
and development
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A Study on Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal System at Indira Gandhi Co-operative Hospital, Thalassery
All the respondents (100%) accepted that 360-degree method is used for
92% of the respondents said that performance appraisal system helped them to
appraisal
fulfilment
56% of the respondents are satisfied with the current performance appraisal
74% of the respondents viewed that appraisal helped them to achieve their goals
in an effective manner
76% of the respondents viewed that performance appraisal system had motivated
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A Study on Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal System at Indira Gandhi Co-operative Hospital, Thalassery
78% of the respondent viewed that performance appraisal gives timely feedback
46%of respondents agree that them exist a good relationship between management
and employees
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SUGGESTIONS
In the light of the major findings of the present research study, following are the suggestions
The hospital should provide both monetary and non- monetary benefits as post
appraisal benefits
If the hospital gives more concentration on performance appraisal system, they can
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CONCLUSION
Indira Gandhi Co-operative hospital is well established and well-known super specialty
hospital locality, and has been performing well for the benefit of all classes of people in
the society. Performance appraisal helps to evaluate employee’s performance level and in
identify the gap .it plays a vital role in the hospital because performance appraisal
feedback motivates the employee to do this work in an effective manner and also to
determines who is the need person what kind of training is needed for the employees and
Concluded that the 360-degree performance appraisal method is effective in the company
and they have to improve the existing system of working culture, and also it has to take
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Sher Singh Morodiya, Dr. Hemant Kothari and Dr. R.C. Banshiwal55 (2012)
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BOOKS: -
C.B. Memoria and S.V. Gankar personnel management text and case; Himalaya
publishers. Bombay,2007
india,3/e,2005
WEBSITES
https://igch.in
http://www.scribd.com/
http;//www.performance-appraisal.com/intro.htm
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