2. Repita el ejercicio 1 empleando el método de Gauss- Seidel.

e.) 4 x1 + x 2 + x 3+ x 5=6
−x 1−3 x 2+ x 3 + x 4 =6

2 x1 + x 2 +5 x3 −x 4−x 5=6

−x 1−x 2−x 3−4 x 4=6

2 x2 −x3 −x 4 +4 x 5=6

Solución
4 1 1 1 6
x 1 = x 1− x − x 3 − x +
4 4 2 4 4 5 4

1 3 1 1 6
x 2= x + x − x 3 − x +
3 1 3 2 3 3 4 3
−2 1 5 1 1 6
x 3= x− x− x+ x + x+
5 1 5 2 5 3 5 4 5 5 5
1 1 1 4 6
x 4 = x 1 + x 2+ x 3 + x +
4 4 4 4 4 4
2 1 1 4 6
x 5 = x 2+ x + x − x +
4 4 3 4 4 4 5 4

Luego

(k−1) (k−1) (k−1 ) (k−1)

k 4 1 1 1 6
x1 = x1 − x − x3 − x +
4 4 2 4 4 5 4

k 1 (k−1) 3 (k−1) 1 (k−1) 1 (k−1) 6

x2 = x + x − x3 − x +
3 1 3 2 3 3 4 3

k 2 (k−1) 1 (k−1) 5 (k−1) 1 (k−1) 1 (k−1) 6

x 3 =− x 1 − x − x + x4 + x +
5 5 2 5 3 5 5 5 5

1 (k −1 ) 1 (k−1) 1 (k−1) 4 (k−1) 6

x 4k = x 1 + x2 + x3 + x +
4 4 4 4 4 4

k 2 (k−1) 1 (k−1) 1 (k−1) 4 (k−1) 6

x5 = x2 + x + x − x +
4 4 3 4 4 4 5 4
Iteración 1
Para k=1
(0) (0) (0 ) (0)
4 1 1 1 6
x 11= x1 − x − x 3 − x + =1.5
4 4 2 4 4 5 4

1 1 (1) 3 (0) 1 (0 ) 1 (0) 6

x 2 = x + x − x 3 − x + =2.33333
3 1 3 2 3 3 4 3
(1) (1) (0) (0 ) (0)
1 2 1 5 1 1 6
x 3 =− x 1 − x − x + x 4 + x + =0.6
5 5 2 5 3 5 5 5 5

1 (1) 1 (1) 1 (1) 4 (0) 6

x 41= x 1 + x 2 + x3 + x + =2.25
4 4 4 4 4 4
(1) (1 ) (1) (0)
1 2 1 1 4 6
x 5 = x 2 + x + x − x + =2.5
4 4 3 4 4 4 5 4

Luego
1
x = (1.5, 2.33333, 0.6, 2.25, 2.5)
La solución exacta es x 1= (2,2,1,2,3)

Iteración 2
Para k=2

4 (1 ) 1 (1) 1 (1) 1 (1) 6

x 12= x1 − x − x 3 − x + =1.75
4 4 2 4 4 5 4

2 1 (2) 3 (1) 1 (1) 1 (1) 6

x 2 = x + x − x 3 − x + =2.44444444
3 1 3 2 3 3 4 3
(2) (2) (1) (1) (1)
2 2 1 5 1 1 6
x 3 =− x 1 − x − x + x 4 + x + =0.2
5 5 2 5 3 5 5 5 5

1 (2) 1 (2) 1 (2) 4 (1) 6

x 42= x 1 + x 2 + x 3 + x + =2.6875
4 4 4 4 4 4
(2) (2) (2) (1)
2 1 1 4 6
x 52= x 2 + x + x − x + =0.875
4 4 3 4 4 4 5 4

Luego
1
x = (1.75, 2.44444444, 0.2, 2.6875, 0.875)
La solución exacta es x 1= (2,2,0,3,1)

f)4 x1 −x2 −x 4=0

−x 1+ 4 x 2−x 3−x 5=5

−x 2+ 4 x 3−x 6=0

−x 1+ 4 x 4 −x 5=6

−x 2−x 4 + 4 x 5−x 6=−2

−x 3−x 5 +4 x 6 =6

Solución

−4 1 1
x 1= x 1+ x 2 + x
4 4 4 4

1 4 1 1 5
x 2= x − x + x 3+ x 5 +
4 1 4 2 4 4 4

1 4 1
x 3 = x 2− x + x 6
4 4 3 4

1 4 1 6
x 4 = x 1− x + x 5 +
4 4 4 4 4

1 1 4 1 2
x 5 = x + x 4 − x + x 6−
4 2 4 4 5 4 4
1 1 4 6
x 6= x + x 5 − x 6 +
4 3 4 4 4

Luego

k −4 (k−1) 1 (k−1) 1 (k−1)

x1 = x + x2 + x
4 1 4 4 4
(k) (k−1) (k−1) (k−1) ❑
k 1 4 1 1 5
x2 = x − x + x3 + x5 +
4 1 4 2 4 4 4
 (k) (k−1 ) (k−1)
k 1 4 1
x3 = x2 − x + x6
4 4 3 4
(k ) (k−1 ) (k −1) ❑
k 1 4 1 6
x4 = x1 − x + x5 +
4 4 4 4 4

k 1 (k) 1 (k) 4 (k−1) 1 (k−1) 2 ❑

x5 = x + x4 − x + x6 −
4 2 4 4 5 4 4
(k) (k ) (k−1) (k−1)
k 1 1 4 6
x6 = x + x5 − x6 +
4 3 4 4 4

Iteración 1
Para k=1

1 −4 (0) 1 (0) 1 (0 )
x1 = x + x2 + x =¿0
4 1 4 4 4
(1 ) ( 0) ( 0) (0 )
1 1 4 1 1 5
x 2 = x − x + x 3 + x 5 + =¿1.5
4 1 4 2 4 4 4

1 1 (1) 4 (0) 1 (0)

x 3 = x 2 − x + x 6 = 0.25
4 4 3 4

1 1 (1) 4 (0) 1 (0) 6

x 4 = x 1 − x + x 5 + =1.75
4 4 4 4 4
(1) (1) (0 ) ( 0)
1 1 1 4 1 2
x 5 = x + x 4 − x + x 6 − =0.75
4 2 4 4 5 4 4

1 1 (1) 1 (1) 4 (0) 6

x 6 = x + x5 − x 6 + =2
4 3 4 4 4

Luego

x 1= (0,1.5,1.75,0.75,2)
La solución exacta es x 1= (0,2,2,1,2)
Iteración 2
Para k=2

2 −4 (1) 1 (1 ) 1 (1)
x1 = x + x 2 + x =¿ 1.5
4 1 4 4 4
(2) ( 1) ( 1) ( 1)
2 1 4 1 1 5
x 2 = x − x + x3 + x5 + =¿ 0.8125
4 1 4 2 4 4 4

1 (2) 4 (1) 1 (1)

x 32= x 2 − x + x 6 = 0.6875
4 4 3 4
 (2) (1) (1)
2 1 4 1 6
x 4 = x 1 − x + x 5 + =0.8125
4 4 4 4 4
(2) (2) (1 ) (1 )
1 1 4 1 2
x 52= x + x 4 − x + x 6 − =-1.125
4 2 4 4 5 4 4

2 1 (2) 1 (2) 4 (1) 6

x 6 = x + x 5 − x 6 + =0.625
4 3 4 4 4

1
x = (1.5 , 0.8125 , -1.125 , 0.625)