4 56 CHAPTER 9 S T R E S S TR A N S F O R M A T I O N

PRELIMINARY PROBLEMS

P9–1. In each case, the state of stress sx, sy, txy produces sy
normal and shear stress components along section AB of the
element that have values of sx! = -5 kPa and tx!y! = 8 kPa
txy A A
when calculated using the stress transformation equations. A
Establish the x! and y! axes for each segment and specify the
angle u, then show these results acting on each segment. sx

40!
B
B B

(c)

P9–1

sy

A A
A txy
20!

sx

P9–2. Given the state of stress shown on the element, find

B
B B s avg and tmax and show the results on a properly oriented
in@plane
element.

(a)

9
4 MPa
sy

B B
B txy
30!
4 MPa
A sx A
A

(b)
P9–2
 9.3 PRINCIPAL STRESSES AND MAXIMUM IN-PLANE SHEAR STRESS 457

FUNDAMENTAL PROBLEMS

F9–1. Determine the normal stress and shear stress F9–4. Determine the equivalent state of stress on an
acting on the inclined plane AB. Sketch the result on the element at the same point that represents the maximum
sectioned element. in-plane shear stress at the point.

700 kPa

B
500 kPa
30! 100 kPa
A

F9–1 400 kPa

F9–4
F9–2. Determine the equivalent state of stress on an F9–5. The beam is subjected to the load at its end.
element at the same point oriented 45° clockwise with Determine the maximum principal stress at point B.
respect to the element shown.

400 kPa
B

30 mm 2m

300 kPa
4 kN 60 mm

F9–2
2 kN

F9–5

F9–3. Determine the equivalent state of stress on an F9–6. The beam is subjected to the loading shown.
9
element at the same point that represents the principal Determine the principal stress at point C.
stresses at the point. Also, find the corresponding orientation
75 mm
of the element with respect to the element shown. C
75 mm

8 kN/m
150 mm
30 kPa

80 kPa
A C B

3m 3m

F9–3 F9–6
 4 58 CHAPTER 9 S T R E S S TR A N S F O R M A T I O N

PROBLEMS

9–1. Prove that the sum of the normal stresses
sx + sy = sx! + sy! is constant. See Figs. 9–2a and 9–2b.
9–2. The state of stress at a point in a member is shown on
the element. Determine the stress components acting on
the inclined plane AB. Solve the problem using the method
of equilibrium described in Sec. 9.1.
*9–4. Determine the normal stress and shear stress acting
on the inclined plane AB. Solve the problem using the
method of equilibrium described in Sec. 9.1.
9–5. Determine the normal stress and shear stress acting
on the inclined plane AB. Solve the problem using the
stress transformation equations. Show the results on the
sectional element.

15 ksi
8 ksi B

B
5 ksi

40"
60!
A
A 6 ksi
3 ksi

Prob. 9–2
Probs. 9–4/5

9–3. The state of stress at a point in a member is shown on

9–6. Determine the normal stress and shear stress acting
the element. Determine the stress components acting on
on the inclined plane AB. Solve the problem using the
the inclined plane AB. Solve the problem using the method
method of equilibrium described in Sec. 9.1.
of equilibrium described in Sec. 9.1.
9–7. Determine the normal stress and shear stress acting
on the inclined plane AB. Solve the problem using the
stress transformation equations. Show the result on the
9 sectioned element.
A 400 psi

B
45 MPa
650 psi
60! 80 MPa

45!

B A

Prob. 9–3 Probs. 9–6/7

 9.3 PRINCIPAL STRESSES AND MAXIMUM IN-PLANE SHEAR STRESS 459

*9–8. Determine the equivalent state of stress on an 9–13. Determine the equivalent state of stress on an the
element at the same point oriented 30° clockwise with respect element if it is oriented 30° clockwise from the element
to the element shown. Sketch the results on the element. shown. Use the stress-transformation equations.

9–9. Determine the equivalent state of stress on an element

at the same point oriented 30° counterclockwise with respect 300 psi
to the element shown. Sketch the results on the element.
75 MPa 950 psi

100 MPa

Prob. 9–13

Probs. 9–8/9 9–14. The state of stress at a point is shown on the element.
Determine (a) the principal stress and (b) the maximum
9–10. Determine the equivalent state of stress on an element
in-plane shear stress and average normal stress at the point.
at the same point oriented 60° clockwise with respect to the
Specify the orientation of the element in each case. Show
element shown. Sketch the results on the element.
the results on each element.
9–11. Determine the equivalent state of stress on an element
at the same point oriented 60° counterclockwise with respect
to the element shown. Sketch the results on the element.

100 MPa 30 ksi

75 MPa
12 ksi
150 MPa Prob. 9–14

9–15. The state of stress at a point is shown on the element.

Determine (a) the principal stress and (b) the maximum
in-plane shear stress and average normal stress at the point.
Specify the orientation of the element in each case.
9
Probs. 9–10/11
60 MPa
*9–12. Determine the equivalent state of stress on an
element if it is oriented 50° counterclockwise from the
element shown. Use the stress-transformation equations. 30 MPa

45 MPa

10 ksi

16 ksi

Prob. 9–12 Prob. 9–15

 4 60 CHAPTER 9 S T R E S S TR A N S F O R M A T I O N

*9–16. Determine the equivalent state of stress on an
element at the point which represents (a) the principal
stresses and (b) the maximum in-plane shear stress and the
associated average normal stress. Also, for each case,
determine the corresponding orientation of the element
with respect to the element shown and sketch the results on
the element.
9–19. Determine the equivalent state of stress on an element
at the same point which represents (a) the principal stress, and
(b) the maximum in-plane shear stress and the associated
average normal stress. Also, for each case, determine the
corresponding orientation of the element with respect to the
element shown and sketch the results on the element.

25 MPa

100 MPa

50 MPa

15 MPa
Prob. 9–19
Prob. 9–16

*9–20. Planes AB and BC at a point are subjected to the

9–17. Determine the equivalent state of stress on an
stresses shown. Determine the principal stresses acting at
element at the same point which represents (a) the principal
this point and find sBC.
stress, and (b) the maximum in-plane shear stress and the
associated average normal stress. Also, for each case,
determine the corresponding orientation of the element
A
with respect to the element shown. Sketch the results on 5 ksi 15 ksi
each element.

75 MPa
45! B

6 ksi
125 MPa
sBC
C

50 MPa Prob. 9–20

9–21. The stress acting on two planes at a point is indicated.

Prob. 9–17 Determine the shear stress on plane a–a and the principal
stresses at the point.
9–18. A point on a thin plate is subjected to the two
9
successive states of stress shown. Determine the resultant b
state of stress represented on the element oriented as a
shown on the right.

sy 80 ksi
60 MPa ta
85 MPa
txy
45! 90!
45!
60 ksi
# 30! " sx
60!
a

85 MPa b

Prob. 9–18 Prob. 9–21

 9.3 PRINCIPAL STRESSES AND MAXIMUM IN-PLANE SHEAR STRESS 461

The following problems involve material covered in Chapter 8.
9–22. The grains of wood in the board make an angle of
20! with the horizontal as shown. Determine the normal
and shear stress that act perpendicular and parallel to the
grains if the board is subjected to an axial load of 250 N.
9–25. The wooden block will fail if the shear stress acting
along the grain is 550 psi. If the normal stress sx = 400 psi,
determine the necessary compressive stress sy that will
cause failure.
sy

300 mm
60 mm
250 N 250 N 58! sx " 400 psi
20! 25 mm

Prob. 9–22

Prob. 9–25
9–23. The wood beam is subjected to a load of 12 kN. If a
grain of wood in the beam at point A makes an angle of 25°
with the horizontal as shown, determine the normal and
9–26. The bracket is subjected to the force of 3 kip.
shear stress that act perpendicular and parallel to the grain
Determine the principal stress and maximum in-plane
due to the loading.
shear stress at point A on the cross section at section a–a.
Specify the orientation of this state of stress and show the
results on elements.
12 kN 9–27. The bracket is subjected to the force of 3 kip.
2m 1m 4m Determine the principal stress and maximum in-plane
shear stress at point B on the cross section at section a–a.
A 300 mm Specify the orientation of this state of stress and show the
results on elements.
25!
75 mm 200 mm

Prob. 9–23
3 kip a 3 in. 3 kip

*9–24. The wood beam is subjected to a load of 12 kN. 9

Determine the principal stress at point A and specify the
orientation of the element. a 0.25 in.
A

0.25 in. 2 in.

12 kN
2m 1m 4m
B
0.25 in.
1 in.
A 300 mm

25!
75 mm 200 mm Section a – a

Prob. 9–24 Probs. 9–26/27

 4 62 CHAPTER 9 S T R E S S TR A N S F O R M A T I O N

*9–28. The 25-mm thick rectangular bar is subjected to 9–30. The state of stress at a point in a member is shown
the axial load of 10 kN. If the bar is joined by the weld, on the element. Determine the stress components acting
which makes an angle of 60° with the horizontal, determine on the plane AB.
the shear stress parallel to the weld and the normal stress
perpendicular to the weld.
A
50 MPa

28 MPa
30!

10 kN
10 kN
100 MPa
60!

80 mm B

Prob. 9–28 Prob. 9–30

9–31. Determine the principal stress at point A on the

9–29. The 3-in. diameter shaft is supported by a smooth
thrust bearing at A and a smooth journal bearing at B.
Determine the principal stresses and maximum in-plane
shear stress at a point on the outer surface of the shaft at
section a–a.
cross section of the arm at section a–a. Specify the orientation
of this state of stress and indicate the results on an element
at the point.
*9–32. Determine the maximum in-plane shear stress
developed at point A on the cross section of the arm at
section a–a. Specify the orientation of this state of stress
and indicate the results on an element at the point.
7.5 mm

7.5 mm 50 mm

9 7.5 mm
20 mm
A Section a – a

D
a
60! a
500 lb"ft
a B
500 lb"ft B C
a
0.35 m
0.15 m 0.15 m
3 kip 500 N

Prob. 9–29 Probs. 9–31/32

 9.3 PRINCIPAL STRESSES AND MAXIMUM IN-PLANE SHEAR STRESS 463

9–33. The clamp bears down on the smooth surface at E by
tightening the bolt. If the tensile force in the bolt is 40 kN,
determine the principal stress at points A and B and show the
results on elements located at each of these points. The cross-
sectional area at A and B is shown in the adjacent figure.
9–35. The square steel plate has a thickness of 10 mm and
is subjected to the edge loading shown. Determine the
maximum in-plane shear stress and the average normal
stress developed in the steel.
50 N/m

200 mm 50 N/m

300 mm

50 mm
200 mm
30 mm A
100 mm B Prob. 9–35
B
A 25 mm
100 mm
*9–36. The square steel plate has a thickness of 0.5 in. and
50 mm is subjected to the edge loading shown. Determine the
E
principal stresses developed in the steel.

16 lb/in.

Prob. 9–33

16 lb/in.
4 in.

9–34. Determine the principal stress and the maximum

in-plane shear stress that are developed at point A in the 4 in.
2-in.-diameter shaft. Show the results on an element located
at this point. The bearings only support vertical reactions. Prob. 9–36

9–37. The shaft has a diameter d and is subjected to the 9

loadings shown. Determine the principal stress and the
maximum in-plane shear stress that is developed at point A.
The bearings only support vertical reactions.

P
300 lb

3000 lb A 3000 lb F F
A

L L
24 in. 12 in. 12 in. 2 2

Prob. 9–34 Prob. 9–37

 4 64 CHAPTER 9 S T R E S S TR A N S F O R M A T I O N

9–38. A paper tube is formed by rolling a paper strip in
a spiral and then gluing the edges together as shown.
Determine the shear stress acting along the seam, which is
at 30° from the vertical, when the tube is subjected to an
axial force of 10 N. The paper is 1 mm thick and the tube
has an outer diameter of 30 mm.
9–39. Solve Prob. 9–38 for the normal stress acting
perpendicular to the seam.
9–42. The drill pipe has an outer diameter of 3 in., a wall
thickness of 0.25 in., and a weight of 50 lb>ft. If it is subjected
to a torque and axial load as shown, determine (a) the
principal stresses and (b) the maximum in-plane shear
stress at a point on its surface at section a.
1500 lb

800 lb!ft

30" 20 ft

10 N 10 N
a
30 mm
20 ft
Probs. 9–38/39

*9–40. The wide-flange beam is subjected to the 50-kN

force. Determine the principal stresses in the beam at Prob. 9–42
point A located on the web at the bottom of the upper
flange. Although it is not very accurate, use the shear
formula to calculate the shear stress.
9–41. Solve Prob. 9–40 for point B located on the web at 9–43. The nose wheel of the plane is subjected to a design
the top of the bottom flange. load of 12 kN. Determine the principal stresses acting on
the aluminum wheel support at point A.

150 mm
9 50 kN
A 30 mm
20 mm
60! A
A
20 mm
B 300 mm
1m 3m

A
12 mm
10 mm
250 mm
B
12 mm
175 mm
200 mm 12 kN

Probs. 9–40/41 Prob. 9–43

 4 72 CHAPTER 9 S T R E S S TR A N S F O R M A T I O N

FUNDAMENTAL PROBLEMS

F9–7. Using Mohr’s circle, determine the normal stress F9–10. The hollow circular shaft is subjected to the torque
and shear stress acting on the inclined plane AB. Sketch the of 4 kN # m. Determine the principal stress developed at a
result on the sectioned element. point on the surface of the shaft.
4 kN·m

B
500 kPa
30!
A 4 kN·m
30 mm
F9–7 40 mm

F9–10
F9–11. Determine the principal stress developed at
F9–8. Determine the equivalent state of stress on an element point A on the cross section of the beam at section a–a.
at the same point that represents the principal stresses at the
300 mm
point. Also, find the corresponding orientation of the element
a
with respect to the element shown. Sketch the results on
the element. a

50 mm
A 150 mm
30 kN
30 kPa

80 kPa 50 mm
Section a–a

F9–11

F9–8 F9–12. Determine the maximum in-plane shear stress

developed at point A on the cross section of the beam at
section a–a, which is located just to the left of the 60-kN
force. Point A is just below the flange.
9 F9–9. Draw Mohr’s circle and determine the principal 60 kN
stresses.
a
A
B
a
0.5 m 1m
30 MPa
100 mm
10 mm
A
10 mm 180 mm
30 MPa

10 mm
40 MPa Section a-a

F9–9 F9–12
 9.4 MOHR’S CIRCLE—PLANE STRESS 473

PROBLEMS

*9–44. Solve Prob. 9–3 using Mohr’s circle. 9–53. Determine the equivalent state of stress if an
element is oriented 30° clockwise from the element shown.
9–45. Solve Prob. 9–6 using Mohr’s circle.
230 MPa
9–46. Solve Prob. 9–14 using Mohr’s circle.

9–47. Solve Prob. 9–10 using Mohr’s circle.

*9–48. Solve Prob. 9–12 using Mohr’s circle.
350 MPa
9–49. Solve Prob. 9–16 using Mohr’s circle.
9–50. Mohr’s circle for the state of stress in Fig. 9–15a is 480 MPa
shown in Fig. 9–15b. Show that finding the coordinates
of point P(sx!, tx!y!) on the circle gives the same value as the
stress-transformation Eqs. 9–1 and 9–2.
Prob. 9–53
9–51. Determine the equivalent state of stress if an
element is oriented 45° clockwise from the element shown. 9–54. Determine the equivalent state of stress which
represents (a) the principal stress, and (b) the maximum
in-plane shear stress and the associated average normal stress.
For each case, determine the corresponding orientation of the
10 ksi
element with respect to the element shown.

120 MPa

80 MPa
5 ksi

40 MPa

Prob. 9–51

*9–52. Determine the equivalent state of stress if an Prob. 9–54

element is oriented 20° clockwise from the element shown. 9
9–55. Determine the equivalent state of stress which
represents (a) the principal stress, and (b) the maximum
2 ksi in-plane shear stress and the associated average normal stress.
For each case, determine the corresponding orientation of the
element with respect to the element shown.

10 ksi
3 ksi
25 ksi
4 ksi

Prob. 9–52 Prob. 9–55

 4 74 CHAPTER 9 S T R E S S TR A N S F O R M A T I O N

*9–56. Determine the principal stress, the maximum 9–59. Determine (a) the principal stresses and (b) the
in-plane shear stress, and average normal stress. Specify the maximum in-plane shear stress and average normal stress.
orientation of the element in each case. Specify the orientation of the element in each case.
8 ksi

4 ksi

12 ksi

15 ksi

5 ksi

Prob. 9–59

Prob. 9–56 *9–60. Determine the principal stresses, the maximum

in-plane shear stress, and average normal stress. Specify the
orientation of the element in each case.
200 MPa
9–57. Determine (a) the principal stresses and (b) the
maximum in-plane shear stress and average normal stress.
500 MPa
Specify the orientation of the element in each case.

350 MPa

50 MPa

Prob. 9–60
9–61. Draw Mohr’s circle that describes each of the
30 MPa following states of stress.

5 MPa 20 ksi

Prob. 9–57

5 MPa 20 ksi
9
9–58. Determine the equivalent state of stress if an element
is oriented 25° counterclockwise from the element shown.
(a) (b)

18 MPa
550 MPa (c)

Prob. 9–58 Prob. 9–61

 9.4 MOHR’S CIRCLE—PLANE STRESS 475

9–62. The grains of wood in the board make an angle of
20° with the horizontal as shown. Using Mohr’s circle,
determine the normal and shear stresses that act
perpendicular and parallel to the grains if the board is
subjected to an axial load of 250 N.
9–65. The thin-walled pipe has an inner diameter of 0.5 in.
and a thickness of 0.025 in. If it is subjected to an internal
pressure of 500 psi and the axial tension and torsional
loadings shown, determine the principal stress at a point on
the surface of the pipe.

300 mm 60 mm
200 lb 200 lb
250 N 250 N
20! 25 mm 20 lb"ft 20 lb"ft

Prob. 9–62 Prob. 9–65

9–63. The post has a square cross-sectional area. If it is 9–66. Determine the principal stress and maximum
fixed supported at its base and a horizontal force is applied at in-plane shear stress at point A on the cross section of the
its end as shown, determine (a) the maximum in-plane shear pipe at section a–a.
stress developed at A and (b) the principal stresses at A. 9–67. Determine the principal stress and maximum
in-plane shear stress at point B on the cross section of the
z pipe at section a–a.

3 in. 3 in. a 300 mm

60 lb
a
y
x 300 mm
b A
30 mm
B
18 in.
20 mm
A 200 mm Section a – a

1 in. 300 N 450 N

Prob. 9–63
*9–64. Determine the principal stress, the maximum
in-plane shear stress, and average normal stress. Specify
the orientation of the element in each case.
20 MPa
Probs. 9–66/67
*9–68. The rotor shaft of the helicopter is subjected to the
tensile force and torque shown when the rotor blades
provide the lifting force to suspend the helicopter at midair.
If the shaft has a diameter of 6 in., determine the principal
stress and maximum in-plane shear stress at a point located 9
on the surface of the shaft.

50 kip
80 MPa

10 kip!ft

30 MPa

Prob. 9–64 Prob. 9–68

 4 76 CHAPTER 9 S T R E S S TR A N S F O R M A T I O N

9–69. The pedal crank for a bicycle has the cross section 9–74. If the box wrench is subjected to the 50 lb force,
shown. If it is fixed to the gear at B and does not rotate determine the principal stress and maximum in-plane shear
while subjected to a force of 75 lb, determine the principal stress at point A on the cross section of the wrench at
stress in the material on the cross section at point C. section a–a. Specify the orientation of these states of stress
and indicate the results on elements at the point.
75 lb 9–75. If the box wrench is subjected to the 50 lb force,
determine the principal stress and maximum in-plane shear
B A stress at point B on the cross section of the wrench at
3 in. 4 in. section a–a. Specify the orientation of these states of stress
C
0.4 in. and indicate the results on elements at the point.
0.4 in.
0.2 in.
0.3 in.

Prob. 9–69
12 in.
9–70. A spherical pressure vessel has an inner radius of 5 ft
and a wall thickness of 0.5 in. Draw Mohr’s circle for the state of 50 lb
stress at a point on the vessel and explain the significance of the 0.5 in.
2 in.
result. The vessel is subjected to an internal pressure of 80 psi.
a a
9–71. The cylindrical pressure vessel has an inner radius of
1.25 m and a wall thickness of 15 mm. It is made from steel A B
plates that are welded along the 45° seam. Determine the Section a – a
normal and shear stress components along this seam if the
vessel is subjected to an internal pressure of 8 MPa.
Probs. 9–74/75
45!
*9–76. The ladder is supported on the rough surface at A and
1.25 m
by a smooth wall at B. If a man weighing 150 lb stands upright
at C, determine the principal stresses in one of the legs at
point D. Each leg is made from a 1-in.-thick board having a
Probs. 9–70/71 rectangular cross section. Assume that the total weight of the
*9–72. Determine the normal and shear stresses at point D man is exerted vertically on the rung at C and is shared equally
that act perpendicular and parallel, respectively, to the grains. by each of the ladder’s two legs. Neglect the weight of the
The grains at this point make an angle of 30° with the horizontal ladder and the forces developed by the man’s arms.
as shown. Point D is located just to the left of the 10-kN force.

9–73. Determine the principal stress at point D, which is

located just to the left of the 10-kN force. B

9 10 kN

B C
D
A 100 mm 30! 12 ft
3 in.
3 in. 5 ft
1m 1m 2m
1 in. D
D 1 in.
1 in.
D 300 mm C
100 mm 4 ft

100 mm A 5 ft

Probs. 9–72/73 Prob. 9–76

 4 82 CHAPTER 9 S T R E S S TR A N S F O R M A T I O N

PROBLEMS

9–77. Draw the three Mohr’s circles that describe each of *9–80. The stress at a point is shown on the element.
the following states of stress. Determine the principal stresses and the absolute maximum
shear stress.
5 ksi z

x y 120 psi

3 ksi
70 psi
140 MPa 180 MPa

(a) (b)
30 psi
Prob. 9–77

9–78. Draw the three Mohr’s circles that describe the Prob. 9–80
following state of stress. 9–81. The stress at a point is shown on the element.
Determine the principal stresses and the absolute maximum
300 psi shear stress.
z
6 ksi
y
x

400 psi

1 ksi
Prob. 9–78
1 ksi

9–79. The stress at a point is shown on the element. Prob. 9–81

Determine the principal stresses and the absolute maximum
9–82. The stress at a point is shown on the element.
shear stress.
Determine the principal stresses and the absolute maximum
9
shear stress.
z z
90 MPa
y
x
20 MPa x y
150 MPa

60 MPa

120 MPa

Prob. 9–79 Prob. 9–82

 9.5 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM SHEAR STRESS 483

9–83. The state of stress at a point is shown on the element. 9–86. The plate is subjected to a tensile force P = 5 kip.
Determine the principal stresses and the absolute maximum If it has the dimensions shown, determine the principal
shear stress. stresses and the absolute maximum shear stress. If the
material is ductile it will fail in shear. Make a sketch of the
z plate showing how this failure would appear. If the material
is brittle the plate will fail due to the principal stresses.
Show how this failure occurs.

x y 2.5 ksi

4 ksi
P ! 5 kip 2 in.
5 ksi 2 in. P ! 5 kip
12 in. 0.5 in.

Prob. 9–86
Prob. 9–83

■ 9–84. Consider the general case of plane stress as shown.

Write a computer program that will show a plot of the three
Mohr’s circles for the element, and will also calculate the
maximum in-plane shear stress and the absolute maximum
shear stress. 9–87. Determine the principal stresses and absolute
maximum shear stress developed at point A on the cross
sy section of the bracket at section a–a.

*9–88. Determine the principal stresses and absolute

maximum shear stress developed at point B on the cross
txy section of the bracket at section a–a.

sx

12 in.

Prob. 9–84 9

9–85. The solid cylinder having a radius r is placed in a

sealed container and subjected to a pressure p. Determine 6 in. 5
3
the stress components acting at point A located on the a a
4 500 lb
center line of the cylinder. Draw Mohr’s circles for the
0.5 in. 0.25 in.
element at this point. A
B
A 0.25 in. 0.25 in.
r 1.5 in.1.5 in.
Section a – a

Prob. 9–85 Probs. 9–87/88

 4 86 CHAPTER 9 S T R E S S TR A N S F O R M A T I O N

REVIEW PROBLEMS

9–89. The solid propeller shaft on a ship extends outward 9–93. Determine the equivalent state of stress if an element
from the hull. During operation it turns at v = 15 rad>s is oriented 40° clockwise from the element shown. Use
when the engine develops 900 kW of power. This causes a Mohr’s circle.
thrust of F = 1.23 MN on the shaft. If the shaft has an outer
diameter of 250 mm, determine the principal stresses at any
point located on the surface of the shaft.

9–90. The solid propeller shaft on a ship extends outward

from the hull. During operation it turns at v = 15 rad>s
when the engine develops 900 kW of power. This causes a
10 ksi
thrust of F = 1.23 MN on the shaft. If the shaft has a
diameter of 250 mm, determine the maximum in-plane
shear stress at any point located on the surface of the shaft.
6 ksi

0.75 m
A
T F
Prob. 9–93

Probs. 9–89/90
9–91. The steel pipe has an inner diameter of 2.75 in. and
an outer diameter of 3 in. If it is fixed at C and subjected to
the horizontal 20-lb force acting on the handle of the pipe
wrench at its end, determine the principal stresses in the
pipe at point A, which is located on the surface of the pipe. 9–94. The crane is used to support the 350-lb load. Determine
the principal stresses acting in the boom at points A and B. The
*9–92. Solve Prob. 9–91 for point B, which is located on cross section is rectangular and has a width of 6 in. and a
the surface of the pipe. thickness of 3 in. Use Mohr’s circle.
20 lb

12 in.

9
10 in.
5 ft
A 3 in.

B 5 ft
B
A
C 45° 45°
y
z
x

Probs. 9–91/92 Prob. 9–94

 REVIEW PROBLEMS 487

9–95. Determine the equivalent state of stress on an element
at the same point which represents (a) the principal stresses,
and (b) the maximum in-plane shear stress and the associated
average normal stress. Also, for each case, determine the
corresponding orientation of the element with respect to the
element shown and sketch the results on the element.
9–98. The state of stress at a point is shown on the element.
Determine (a) the principal stresses and (b) the maximum
in-plane shear stress and average normal stress at the point.
Specify the orientation of the element in each case.

30 ksi

60 MPa

30 MPa
10 ksi
45 MPa

Prob. 9–95

*9–96. The propeller shaft of the tugboat is subjected to Prob. 9–98

the compressive force and torque shown. If the shaft has an
inner diameter of 100 mm and an outer diameter of 150 mm,
determine the principal stress at a point A located on the
outer surface.

9–99. The state of stress at a point in a member is shown

on the element. Determine the stress components acting on
the inclined plane AB. Solve the problem using the method
of equilibrium described in Sec. 9.1.
10 kN
A

2 kN·m

Prob. 9–96
9
14 ksi
9–97. The box beam is subjected to the loading shown.
Determine the principal stress in the beam at points A and B.
A

1200 lb
800 lb 20 ksi
6 in. 50!
A A
6 in. B 8 in. B
B
8 in. 3 ft 2.5 ft 2.5 ft 5 ft

Prob. 9–97 Prob. 9–99