The primary aim of the principles of natural justice is to ensure equity in the economic

undertakings of society and people. It also defends individual liberty against any arbitrary action.

The idea of natural justice is not present in the Indian constitution. However, authorities consider
it an element mandatory for the management of justice. It is an idea of usual law which
originates from “jus natural”, which stands for the law of nature. In simple terms, principles of
natural justice establish the differences between right and wrong.

This article will discuss Principles of Natural Justice in the context of the Civil Services Exam.

The candidates can go through the relevant topics useful for their upcoming exams from the
links provided below:

What Are the Principles of Natural Justice?

‘Natural’ justice does not simply mean justice discovered in nature. It is a compilation of ideas
that should be naturally connected with justice, regardless of whether these ideas are part of law.
Natural justice applies comprehensively to administrative discretion. Its goal is to prevent
mischievousness and unfairness towards the resident with managing authorities.

The principles of natural justice in India are those regulations made by the courts as being the
least protection of the person’s rights against the arbitrary policy that judicial, quasi-judicial
principles of natural justice in administrative law power may adopt while making an order
working on those rights.

The committee on Minister’s Power or Frank Committee has laid down the following norms of
natural justice:

1. No one shall determine in his own cause

2. Making accessible a copy of the statutory report

3. No one should be convicted without a hearing

4. A party has the right to know all the causes of the decision

Indian Constitution and Principles of Natural Justice

As already mentioned, the Indian Constitution does not use the expression ‘Natural Justice’
anywhere. However, the following parts of the Constitution with their respective expressions
convey the idea of Natural Justice.

Two Principles of Natural Justice

There are mainly two Principles of Natural Justice. These two Principles are:

 ‘Nemo judex in causa sua’. No one should be made a judge in his own cause, and the rule
against bias.
 ‘Audi alteram partem’ means to hear the other party, or no one should be condemned
unheard.

Rule Against Bias or Nemo Judex In Causa Sua

“No one should be a judge in his own case” since it directs to the rule of biases. Bias signifies an
act that leads to an unfair job, whether in an unconscious or conscious phase about a specific
case or the party. Hence, this rule reinforces impartiality in a judge impartially and ensures that
the judgement delivered is solely based on the evidence available for a case.

Nemo Judex In Causa Sua signifies rule against bias. This is the first principle of natural justice
that states no individual should be a judge in his own cause, or a deciding power must be neutral
and impartial when examining any case.