GOVERNMENT OF ANDHRA PRADESH

DEPARTMENT OF FISHERIES

Rapid Need Assessment &Pre-Feasibility Study

Report for Development of Fishery Harbours at
Uppada in Andhra Pradesh

WAPCOS LIMITED
(A government of India Undertaking- Ministry of Water Resources ,River Development
and Ganga Rejuvenation)
76-C, SECTOR-18, GURGAON-122015
Phone:0124-2397388/2397395/2348028
Email:wapdelhi@rediffmail.com

October 2017
PREFACE
 

The Central Wapcos Limited ,Gurgaon,Haryana conducts pre-feasibility studies, detailed

engineering and economic investigations for locating, planning and designing of fishery
harbours, fish landing centres and coastal aquaculture farms and hatcheries. Based on the
investigations, the Institute prepares techno-economic feasibility reports (TEFRs) and renders
technical advice on the construction aspects of fishery harbours, fish landing centres, coastal
aquaculture farms and hatcheries.

This report is prepared under the overall guidance of Shri N.Venkatesh Prasad, Director,
CICEF, Bangalore and Dr. Mohan Joseph Modayil, Former CMFRI Director & ASRB
chairman and also Advisor to WAPCOS Ltd. The engineering part of this report is prepared
by Shri P. T. Joy , Fisheries Infrastructure Expert (Civil Engineering) with the assistance of
Shri. P. K. Sasikumar, (Harbour Engineer). The economics part is prepared by Shri
G.Ganesan, Former Deputy Director (Economist), CICEF with the assistance of Ms. Liny
Rose, Senior Economic Investigator and Kum. Aiswarya Rose , Economic Investigator. The
drawings incorporated in this report are prepared using AutoCAD by Assistant Engineers,
viz., Smt/shri, Shri. R. Radhul Das, C.A. Mary Monisha and Tinku C. P.

Wapcos Limited ,Gurgaon  

Executive Summary

The Government, Andhra Pradesh have entered and agreement with WAPCOS Ltd, New
Delhi to identify suitable sites for development of fishery harbours at Uppada, and also
evaluate the suitability of the sites and entrusted preparation Detailed Project Report
including site supervision during the execution period.

Accordingly, WAPCOS Ltd conducted reconnaissance survey in association with

Government of Andhra Pradesh at the above locations. It is emphasised here that the present
pre-feasibility study at Uppada, of Andhra Pradesh is based on available information and
details collected from field visits and secondary data review. As such, this study does not
include detailed studies for topographic surveys, bathymetry, subsoil investigations etc.

In the absence of detailed topographic survey, bathymetry and subsoil investigations at the
fishery harbour/fish landing centre sites, only conceptual layouts are provided for each site
based on the assessment of design fleet size and site conditions. The rough cost estimate
works out to Rs. 289.4 crore, Uppada . Brief recommendations on each site are recapitulated
below:

Sl.
Site Recommendation in brief
No.
1 Uppada Considering the large number of fishing vessels and activities,
Uppada site needs to be developed as a full-fledged fishery harbour.
The Govt. of Andhra Pradesh may initiate action for earmarking the
required land area for locating the harbour facilities and arrange land
documents so as to enable for detailed field studies and prepare the
DPR. In the mean time, the essential facilities such as fresh water
supply, electrification, approach road may be planned.

The recommendations made in this report under each fishery harbour/fish landing centre
have been considered appropriate based on their merits and demerits, ground data collected
during site visit, interviews/consultations had with local fishermen, association, concerned
officers of Fisheries Department of Andhra Pradesh.

The Government of Andhra Pradesh may initiate follow up action for earmarking the
required land for conduct the detailed engineering investigations and preparation of detailed
project feasibility reports in respect of Uppada fishery harbours fish landing centres for
posing these projects for financial assistance under the centrally sponsored scheme of
Government of India.

Wapcos Limited ,Gurgaon 2  

 
PROJECT REPORT FOR ESTABLISHMENT OF FISHING

HARBOURS, FISH LANDING CENTRES IN COASTAL DISTRICTS

OF ANDHRA PRADESH.

Introduction:

Andhra Pradesh state blessed with a long coast line of 974 kms with a

continental shelf area covering over 33,227 kmsand issituated on the East Coast

of India between latitude 13040’ N and longitude 800E. The marine fishermen

population in coastal district of Andhra Pradesh has been estimated at 8.51

lakhs of which 5.35 lakhs are engaged in full time fishing operations and 2.69

lakhs are engaged in part time fishing operations. There are about 555

fishermen villages and 353 fish landing centres scattered in 9 coastal districts.

One major fishing harbours at Visakhapatnam, three minor fishing harbours at

Kakinada, Machilipatnam and Nizampatnam are providing berthing facilities

for 1675 mechanised fishing vessels and about 32 mini trawlers in the state.

The new state of Andhra Pradesh has vast potential for fisheries from

both marine and inland resources and contributing 5.42 (at constant price of

2004-05) to the GSDP of the State as well as generating income and

employment. The sector aims at exploitation of all the possible water

resources under capture and culture fishery for increasing fish production and

productivity through sustainable development. The sector is contributing

considerably for food security, nutrition and health, lively hood security to rural

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population besides export earnings and welfare of fishers. Recognizing the

importance of fisheries sector, it has been identified as growth engine for

economic development based on an evaluation ofpotentials of sectors to build

on accumulated strength, to make significant impact onGross State Domestic

Product, and to exploit opportunities created by global trends.

Fishing vessels: A total number of 27211 fishing vessels comprising 1675

mechanised, 11807 motorised and 13729 traditional fishing craft are involved

marine fishing activity.

Fishing tackle: Fishermen are using some principle nets such as Drag nets, gill

nets, trawl nets, cast nets, Hook & Line etc. for fishing operation in marine

waters. A total number of 4, 24,890 fishing tackle are in operation in coastal

districts.

Marine Fish and Shrimp production for last ten years: The total marine fish

and shrimp production of 2.19 lakh tones during the year 200-065 in AP has

been increased to 4.38 lakh tones in 2013-14, which is about 100% increase

within a span of 10 years

(Production in lakhs tonnes)

Year Marine fish Marine Total production
shrimp
2005-06 1.92 0.27 2.19
2006-07 2.07 0.34 2.41
2007-08 2.19 0.36 2.55
2008-09 2.45 0.46 2.91
2009-10 2.46 0.46 2.92
2010-11 2.52 0.39 2.91

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 2011-12 3.26 0.53 3.79
2012-13 3.52 0.63 4.15
2013-14 3.73 0.65 4.38

Ranking in Indian Fisheries

Ø First in Total fish and prawn production

Ø First in Brackish water shrimp production

Ø First in Freshwater prawn production

Ø Second in Freshwater fish production

Ø Fourth in Marine Fish production

Status of seafood exports for last 5 years in A.P.:The contribution of AP in

sea food exports during the year 2009-10 was about 2100 crores which accounts

20% share in India and it was enhanced to 12000 crores during the year 2013-

14, having share of 39.97% in India. The status of seafood exports from AP

and its share in India for the last 5 years is as follows.

(Rs. In Crores)

Year India A.P % of AP’s contribution

2009-10 10048 2100 20%
2010-11 12901 2400 18.60%
2011-12 16597 2727 16%
2012-13 18856 3125 16.57%
2013-14 30200 12000 39.97%

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Infrastructure facilities available in marine fisheries sector: The

infrastructure facilities available in Andhra Pradesh state in marine fisheries

sector is not up to demands as such there is emergent need to provide additional

infrastructure facilities in addition to the following existing infrastructure to

meet the required demand.

1. Fishing harbours :4

2. Shore based facilities : 37

3. Fish drying platforms : 174

4. Shore stations : 13

5. Boat yards : 32

6. Ice plants : 85

7. Cold storages : 22

8. Freezing plants : 16

9. Curing yards : 31

10. Peeling sheds : 38

11. Processing plants : 12

Gist of the ProjectProposals:

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Creation of infrastructure facilities such as fishing harbours, fish landing centres

and additional shore based facilities are highly required in order to.

a) Ensure the landing of fish catches from the mechanized fishing vessels

besides existing fishing harbours with a objective to reduce spoilage by

unloading the fish at nearest point

b) Provide berthing places for the mechanized fishing vessels

c) Develop hygienic facilities for the food safety needs

It has been reported by MPEDA that some of the consignments from India have

been traced out with higher levels of salmonella and other obnoxious bacteria in

the quality inspection at international level. In this connection, the imported

countries have dispatched their teams for inspection of fishing harbours in

India, particularly in Andhra Pradesh in view of the higher contribution to the

exports. In this regard, MPEDA has alerted the state governments in all these

aspects with a caution that any lapses found in the hygienic maintenance of

fishing harbours, would lead to the rejection of marine fishery exports form

India besides blacklisting the exporting firms.

India being a WTO signatory country, all the exports are likely subjected to the

international quality standards, particularly the marine fishery products

considering its fast perishability and requires hygienic environment at harbour

places. Unless the fishing harbours and fish landing centres are upgraded

immediately to the standards to ensure requisite quality of the fish and prawn

landed, the Indian fishery exports are likely to face a ban in the international

Wapcos Limited ,Gurgaon 7  

 
market. This may result adversely on the state economy as A.P contributes

about 40% of the Indian exports. Government has recently taken certain steps to

improve the hygienic conditions in all operational fishing harbours, landing

centres keeping the requirement of hygienic standards as stipulated by EU and

other importing countries.    

In view of the requirement of developing fishing harbours, fish landing centres

and additional shore based facilities for the export promotion of marine fish

products, it is proposed to create the following infrastructure facilities in the

marine sector in the coming 5 years with a total outlay of Rs 67453 lakhs under

CSS Programme with GOI share of 50589.75 lakhs (75% share) and Govt. of

AP share of 16863.25 lakhs as detailed below

Pattern of
Total Assistance
S. Project
Name of the Scheme GOI GO AP
No Cost (Rs in
Share Share
lakhs)
(50%) (50%)
1 Development of Fishery Harbour at
Uppada in East Godavari District. 28940.00 14470.00 14470.00
(Approximately)
TOTAL BUDGET REQUIREMENT 28940.00 14470.00 14470.00

Action plan for establishing above infrastructure facilities in coastal districts of

Andhra Pradesh with year wise budget requirement from Govt. of India and

Govt. of AP is furnished in the appended statement.

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Proposals for Fishing Harbour: The Govt. has issued work order toWAPCOS

Ltd. to evaluate the suitability of the sites for the development of Fishing

harbours at Uppada (East Godavari district).

Accordingly the WAPCOSteam undertook field visit to above project

sites during the month of April 2016 and conducted prefeasibility survey based

on the discussions and data collected at the site to assessed the potential of each

of the fishery centres for development of fishery harbours at Uppada (East

Godavari district) and recommended for initiating follow up action for the

conduct of detailed engineering investigations and preparation of detailed

project feasibility reports in respect Uppada fishery harbours for posing these

projects for financial assistance under the centrally sponsored scheme of

Government of India

3. Development of Fishery Harbour at Uppada in East Godavari District

Uppada Fishing Village: Uppada fishery centre is situated in U. Kottapalli

Mandal in East Godavari district corresponds to latitude 17o 05’ 36” N,

longitude 82o 21’ 05” E. The centre is located at a distance of 18 km towards

north from Kakinada, the district headquarters. The site is located along the

creek and is free from the attack of waves. Uppada has 21533 houses and 19266

house holds. The total population is estimated at 78691 among them 30,764

belong to fishermen community. The number of active fishermen is reckoned at

10,191. A total number of 2582 fishing vessels consist of 579 mechanised, 1040

motorised and 963 traditional craft are said to be undertaking fishing operations

at Uppada fishing centre. As of now, there are no infrastructure facilities

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available at the fishing centre. Fishers are unloading their catch on the banks of

the creek and berthing their vessels on the opposite bank.

WAPCOS reported that during their visit, the mouth of the creek is shifting

towards South with shallow depths near the entrance to the creek indicating net

littoral drift towards South. The creek mouth is to be made stable by providing

training walls to the required length and depth after making a straight cut.

Model studies is also required to be carried out for suggesting the corrective

measures to maintain the stable mouth and also the water depth requirements of

the vessels expected to operate at the site which is 2.0 m during all seasons. As

the site is prone to frequent cyclones, large littoral drift is expected at the site,

shore line changes expected after the construction of breakwater are to be

studied in the model for safety measures. About 40 acres of land is available

adjacent to the creek which is identified for development of fishery centre.

Keeping in view a large number of fishing crafts at the site as mentioned above,

present fishery activity, WAPCOS team is of the opinion that this site may be

developed as a full fledged fishery harbour for hygienic fish handling.

WAPCOS team has also observed that severe beach erosion is taking place

near Uppada village losing valuable land and properties. During the severe

cyclonic storm ‘Phailin’ occurred in October 2013 the shore is eroded

considerably. WAPCOS team witnessed the rubble mound sea wall being

constructed by the State Government to control further erosion.

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Observations:

Site location, status, suitability

Uppada, a fishing village 20 km from Kakinada town, is one of the top fish

landing areas of Andhra Pradesh. The identified site is situated beyond Uppada

village and is the place where current fish landing activities take place. The site

falls under Ameenabad Panchayat, Village Ameenabad, Mandal Kothappalli,

District East Godavari, Divn. Kakinada. The site is on the Uppada - Danavipetta

coastal road. This is an ideal place for development of a major Fisheries

Harbour. The total extent of land available ( permissive sanction) are to the

extent of about 45 acres.

Fishery Resources, Craft, Gear

Uppada is well known for its fishery resources.While trawlers and purse seine

boats land at the Kakinada commercial harbour, the topographical limitations

permit only IBM and OBM boats to land at Uppada sea shore. There are 700 to

800 boats, mostly IBM Gill netters with 34 feet OAL land their catches here.

Daily landings are 300 to 400 tons. Each boat coasts about 15 lakhs, of which

the engine cost is 1.75 lakhs, net 6 to 7 laklhs and balance for the hull of the

boat. Once anew harbour with all modern amenities are developed here, about

600 trawlers currently landing at Kakinada main port are expected to migrate to

the new port.

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Existing facilities / infrastructure

At present there is no facility existing at the location. Landings are carried out

in the creek on open beach. Many boats leave the site after landings and are

berthed in the inner creek area. Dozens of refrigerated trucks from Andhra

Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and Kerala are parked here for transporting the shrimps

and fish to other states. Trucks from Kerala take about 36 hours by road to

reach the destination with the fish catch which are used for local markets. All

shrimp are sent for export through processing factories.

Participatory Needs Analysis

The team visited the location along with the Deputy Director of Fisheries,

Kakinada and other officials of the Department of Fisheries. The local fishing

boat owners, fish traders, small vendors, transporters, auctioneers, business

managers, money lenders and agents of fish processing enterprises were

interacted with. The site needs all amenities expected of a major fishing harbour

which include landing and berthing basin, breakwaters for protection, finger

jetties, wharf, auction halls, pre processing halls with elevated platforms for

sorting, washing, icing and packaging, ETP and RO plants, Cassette ice plants,

elevated drying platforms, fish curing yard for salting and curing fish, net repair

hall, work shop, canteen, wash rooms, ATM, parking areas for commercial

refrigerated trucks, parking for two wheelers, three wheelers and four wheelers,

storage area for dried fish, compound wall with main gate with boom barrier,

security cabin, administrative building, rest rooms, work shop, slipway,

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canteen, automatic ice loading, fuel stations with U/G fuel tanks, OH tank for

potable water, mast lighting, captive power plant and Cyclone Shelter.

Further studies and analysis

Details of land surveys and records are to be obtained. Site studies including

Geotech are to be carried out. The area is prone to sea erosion and therefore

erosion and accretion modelling studies are needed. Both capital and

maintenance dredging will be needed and estimates are to be made.

Reclamation of low lying land also needed in view of the turbulent sea and sea

erosion prone area.

Recommendation of WAPCOS: Considering the large number of fishing

vessels and activities, this site is recommended to develop as FH. It is suggested

to conduct detailed investigations like topography, hydrography, subsoil and

hydraulic/mathematical model studies and prepare the DPR.

Proposed facilities: In tune with the demands of the local fishermen, type of

boats operating and availability of facilities the team proposes the waterfront

and shore based facilities at the site.

Cost Estimate: The conceptual stage cost estimate amounting Rs.28940 lakhs

for the proposed fishery harbour has been arrived at from estimated quantities

and prevailing market rates.

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Location- Google Map
Wapcos Limited ,Gurgaon 14  
 
Abstract of Approximate Budget Requirement for 3 Fishing Harbours

(Rs. in Lakhs) as per WAPCOS Recommendations

3) Fishing harbour at Uppada : 28940

Total budget requirement : 28940

Proposed Facilities

Breakwaters: As is common in the east coast, any development, be it in terms

of fishing harbour will need to have a sheltered basin by meansof breakwater

system comprising two breakwaters - one on the north sideother on the south-
west side leaving a wide entrance for the boat entry and exit.

Backup land,Dredging and Reclamation: since there is no suffieient backup land available
in the proposed site and there is a need for reclamation of about 650m in length and 180m.
Dredging quantity would be sufficient for reclamation and it would be confirmed at the
detailed survey and investigations.

Number of crafts to be catered: The design flleet size of the proposed fishery
harbour will be arrived based on detailed economic investigations
and guidelinesmentioned in the Andra
pradesh Government Fisheries manual. The extent of facilities will be based on
design fleet size and characteristics of the boats i.e. OAL of the fishing vessel and
number and duration of fishing trips besides per trip landings etc.

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 Quays and wharfs: The various marine facilities now proposed in the above layou
ts are:

· Landing quays (for catches),

· Berthing quays (while awaiting next trip and

· Outfitting quays (with nets, gears, ice, water, and fuel besides ration items).

· Repair quay.

Slipway/workshop: The most common types of repair facilities for the

fishing vessels are: Syncro lift, Slipway and full -
fledged dry docking system, of which slipway is considered more preferable from
the point view of rational investment and a convenient slipway consisits rail tracks
usually laid on concrete ramp or pilestructure sloping from shore to water.

For attending to repairs and maintenance of fishing vessels, a workshop will also

provided as part of this facility.

Navigational aids and control tower: As per standards, these will be provided.

On - Shore facilities

The various on - shore facilities that are associated with fishing harbour including

those suggested by stakeholders at the meeting held on 2/6/2015 are:

· Separate Auction hall for FRP OBM, Trawler

· Packing hall/sorting hall

· Net mending shed

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 · Net drying areas

· Truck parking areas

· Utilities and amenities ( Canteen, first - aid center, OHT/Sump, sub - station,

internal roads, public toilets, surface drainage systems, boat repairing yard,

water supply, STP, etc)

· Boat bunkering facilities (fuel, water, ice)

· Cold store and ice plants,

· Office buildings,

· Amenities and utilities

· Canteen, first aid center, public toilets

· Rest shed for fishermen and fish merchants

· Substation and distribution system

· Internal roads and connectivity to the existing system, surface drainage etc

· Communication system

· Fire fighting and port safety

· Water supply, sump, OHT etc

· Area for disposal of rotten fish

· STP and disposal of effluent

· Greeneries and landscape where required as per MOEF guidelines

The model layout has been prepared based on the Stakeholders meeting and the inputs
received from them. The extent of facilities will also be based on design fleet size and
characteristics of the boats i.e. OAL of the fishing vessel and number and duration of
fishing trips besides per trip landings etc and it will be fine-tuned further discussion
with stakeholders and the offiers of Departemnt of Fisheries.

Wapcos Limited ,Gurgaon 17  

 
 Planned advance actions

Field investigations: At this stage, no elaborate discussion is attempted since it is

not form part of the Inception Report. However, advance action is being planned

on the following activities with a view to completing the following detailed

investigations within the stipulated period.

Bathymetry, Shallow Seismic and Sides can sonar surveys: The surveys will be
carriedout covering an area of 1.5 km along the coast 1.2 km and into the sea upto (-
) 9 m water depth depending on layout requirement.
The track lines proposed for bathymetry survey.

Topographic surveys: To establish bench marks w.r.t. MSL and GPS network

along the survey region

and to carry out shore spot height measurements at 100 m x 100m
grid intervals at the land area that will be identified during the next stage-

Preparation of feasibility Report.

Oceanographic measurements

Current measurements: The self - recording current measurment will be carried out

for a period of 15 days at one location. Measurement on current speed and

direction were recorded at 10 min interval continuously.

Tide measurements: The self - recording Tide measurement will be carried out for a
period of 15 days by deploying the Tide gauge at one location. The tide data were

recorded at 10 minute interval. The measured water levels willbe reduced to Chart

Datum.

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 Wave Data: The in-house wave data will be used for estimating the nearshore wave

characteristics for fishery harbour

Geotechnical investigations: It is proposed to conduct 4 - borehole each on shore

and offshore within the breakwater basin to ascertain the subsoil properties to
decide foundation requirements for marine and shore structures as well as the

scope of dredging - soft soil or rocky strata.

CRZ Mapping: The development will fall within purview of State Environment
Impact Assessment Authority as this may come under Class B category. If the total

volume is less than 10000t/annum, only CRZ clearance will be required and EC may

not be an absolute necessity. However, CRZ clearance by MOEF is a ‘must’. Thi

sstudy will be entrusted to Annamalai University -
which is one of the authorized agenciesby the MOEF.

Time schedule for preparation of reports

The consultancy agreement envisages a duration of 9 months for completing all

tasks associated with the preparation of reports commencing from Inception Report

till preparation of tender documents. A compressed program has been made in

accordance with the requirements indicated in Output Requirements and

Payment schedule.

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 Days at Components Action required
disposal
1. Inception Report
30 Identification of:

a) Stake holders meeting

i) Alternative layouts over.

ii) Onshore components b) Site identification and

layout alternatives
iii) Project area2.description
Feasibility Report completed

iv) Reconnaissance of social & econo

ANNEXURE 1mic
components within 10 km radius
BREAKUP OF TASK MODULES

(Output and Payment Schedules)

DEVELOPMENT OF FISHING HARBOURS
IN ANDHRA PRADESH

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 60 1. Project information comprising:

collected during
i) Existing infrastructure at site,
site visit

ii) Environmental and social screenin

g of To be studied based on
project area as per norms of MO sitedata
EF

2. Surveys and investigations compri

sing: Advance action planned
depending on approval
i) Topo survey including layout for ofRNA
l & PFR Report.
anduse

ii) Bathymetry – 100 m grid

iii) Meteorological data

To initiate action on

iv) Tide for 15 days borehole

v) Current foe 15 days - To initiate action later -

10 mts interval well
within our control

vi) Boreholes -
4 each on land and sea

vii) Modeling -
numerical and wave flume,
littoral drift, shoreline changes, dre
dge
disposal studies, maintenance dred
ging
studies, wave tranquility, maneuver
ability
study

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 Days at Components Action required
disposal 3. Project Activities and infrastructu
redevelopment comprising:

This is only planning

i) Channel development and its
maintenance and sizing
- well within our control
ii) Breakwaters Same as above -
only planning

iii) Admin. Buildings and sizing

iv) other infrastructure (onshore To be undertaken in -

facilities) house or
Outsourced

4. Conceptual Engineering and archi

tecturaldesign of:

i) Various installations and

maintenance
thereof the proposed activities
andinfrastructure

ii) Techno commercial viability of th

e project

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 3. Draft Final Report

60 This shall include:

Fine tuning of item ii) abo

i) Draft Techno commercial Report ve
4. Submission of Draft Rapid EIA Report along with CRZ
45 application
This shalldesigns,
ii) Draft include:drawings and draftTo be initiated later
BOQs
Well within control
i) Preparation of Draft Rapid EIA R
eport We can initiate action
ii) Submission of CRZ application fOncefeasibility report is
or scrutiny by
completed
SCZMA and MOEF
i.e early October 2014

5. Final DPR & submission of Final Rapid EIA & CRZ p

roposal

30 This shall comprise:

i) Detailed design, working drawin
gs, final BoQs To be initiated later -
structural engineer reqd.
ii) Submission of final Rapid EIA
This is tied up with ii) in
and CRZapplication by proponent
previous module
after improving

EIA/EMP and submission of the same to

SCZMA/MOEF

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 Days at Components Action required
disposal ii) Obtaining EC from SEIAA/ Submission of CRZ applicat
MOEF and CRZ ion.
clearance from CZMA/
MOEF
iii) Submission of Final detailed
designs, workingdrawings, fin
al BOQs, Clearance etc. to be
social Assessmentreports.
Reviewedin totality.

6. Tender and contract documents

Later on completion of fina

15 This shall comprise: l
DPR.
Time is short –
i) Preparation of tender and contract WAPCOS will
documents, advance this activity
by taking up this in
ii) Preparation of Maintenance parallel with
manual, Healthand Safety manua
l activity 5.
iii) Any reservation from MOEF
resulting in
changes accordingly this shall
be consideredin final designs,
BOQ and tender documents.

C. LAND AVAILABILITY

Land required: About 180 m from the HTL and 950 m along the coast

I) Government land - Revenue maps (Revenue authorities to be requested

to participate)

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 II) Waste and private land

III) Relocation of people, installation if any required

IV) Associated social issues

V) Connectivities - road in particular

D. CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS

i) Quarries nearby for tones for breakwater construction

ii) Skilled labour availability

iii) Other related issues

E. OTHER REQUIREMENTS

i) Power

ii) Water supply

iii) Communication network

iv) Transport - cab etc

v) Availability of office space

vi) Other associated facilities

F. ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES

i) Mangroves, bird sanctuaries, wild life related

ii) Archeological monuments in close vicinity

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 iii) Any other structures impacting obtainment of statutory clearances

within a radius of 10 km

iv) CSR issues if any

G. STAKE HOLDERS PARTICIPATION

i) To assist in getting required land for development

ii) Active involvement during construction

iii) Other areas of participation

ANNEXURE 4
METHODOLOGY

Bathymetry survey

The ODOM Echotrac CVM Digital Dual Frequency Echo sounder manufactured
by ODOM-Hydrographic systems,
USA will be used for conducting bathymetry survey.

This echosounder has incorporated the cutting

edge technology, features and reliability of the

echotrac MKIII, plus the ease and flexibility of

operation of a networked Windows interface.

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 It operates in dual frequency consisting of 200

kHz on higher band and 33 kHz in lower band.

It can be operated from 0.2 m to 1500 m water depth with 0.01 m accuracy. The

Echotrac CVM transceiver units are compact rack mount package that is ideall
y

suited to survey vessel installations. It supports Chart - functionality in one optional

format and a laptop with a full size colour LCD as an “electronic chart”.

Theoptional color LCD laptop offers internal data storage (in .XTF format) and pl
aybackof the analog return signal digitized to full 16 -
bit resolution. It contains a dualchannel board. All channels feature a robust des
ign and frequency agility enabling

the operator to precisely match the transceiver to almost any existing transducer.

Operator selectable TVG curves serve to optimize the

Echotrac for both shallow anddeepwater bottom detection tasks and for Sonar imagi
ng.

Horizontal Positioning System: The horizontal positioning

will be carried out using Trimble DSM 232 DGPS Beacon

Receiver. It combines high - performance GPS reception

with a DGPS - capable receiver in a lightweight, durable

housing and comes with a separate antenna. The DGPS Beacon transmitter installe
dat nearest Light house will be interfaced for differential correction. It gives

positioning accuracy of close to 0.5 to 1 m. The GPS receiver contains

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 technology enabling WAAS/EGNOS, OmniSTAR or Beacon real time differen
tialcapabilities.

Heave Compensator: TSS HS - 50 Dynamic Motion Heave Sensor

manufactured by TSS (UK) Ltd., UK will be installed onboard. This will

measure the component of the heave induced at echo sounder

transducer. The measured heave will be corrected from the depth

values and the true depth will be recorded in computer. The system

will be connected via. RS232 communication to the computer onboard

enabled through HYPACK MAX data collection software.

Sound Velocity Meter: The Digibar Pro sound velocity meter will be used to ob
tainthe water column sound velocity. The probe will be simply lowered into the wa
ter tolog sound velocity versus depth as the probe descends. The "sing -

around"principleofvelocity measurement
automaticallycompensates for all influences including
pressure, water salinity

and temperature. The collected data on sound velocity meter will

be given as a input for the echosounder.

Hydrographic Survey Software: HYPACK MAX is integrated, first

generation hydrographic survey software developed by Coastal

Oceanographical INC., USA. It works in MS Windows operating

environment. The HYPACK's design program allows to import

background map in CAD's DFX or Microsoft's DGN format. It enables to qu

icklycreate planned survey lines, plotting sheets and bottom coverage grids in a gr
aphical environment

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 Data recording:

The echo sounder and Beacon DGPS system will be

Interfacedthrough HYPACK MAX software with

onboard PC.The entire system will besupported by AC Power Generator instal

led onboard.

Tidal corrections: The necessary tidal corrections will be applied for the collec
tedbathymetry data based on the measured tides at site.

Current measurements

The continuous measurements on current speed and direction at 8

locations will be carried out by mounting Aanderaa Seaguard Current

Meter manufactured by Aanderaa Data Instruments (AADI), Norway.

The SEAGUARD RCM manufactured by Aanderaa Data Instruments

(AADI), Norway, comes standard with the ZPulse™ multi frequency

Doppler current sensor. The new current sensor comprises acoustic

pulses of several frequency components to lower the statistical variance in the

Doppler shift estimate. The advantage of this is reduced statistical error with fewe
r

pings, providing increased sampling speed and lower power consumption. The ne
wDoppler Current Sensor also incorporates a robust fully electronic compass and
atilt sensor.

Technical Specifications:

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 Top - End Plate : Up to 6 sensors can be fitted onto the
Top - end Plate, of which 4 can be
Analog Sensors (0 - 5V)

Recording system : Date Storage on SD card

Storage Capacity : > 4 GB

Battery : Alkaline 3988 -

9V, 15Ah (nominal 12.5Ah; 20W
Down to 6V at 4°C)
: (or) Lithium 4002 - 7V, 30Ah

Supply voltage : 6 - 14 Volts

Recording Interval: : From 2s, depending on the node

Configuration for each instrument.

Recording settings: : Fixed interval settings or

Customized Sequence setting.

Protocol: : AiCap CAN bus based protocol

Operating temperature : - 5 to +50◦C

Deployment Capacity : 300m/2000m/6000 m

Weight in air : 7.6 kg

Weight in water : 2.0 kg

ZPulseTM Doppler Current Sensor (DCS) Specifications

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 Current Speed (Vector averaged):

Range : 0 - 300 cm/s

Resolution : 0.1 mm/s

Mean Accuracy : + 0.15 cm/s

Relative : +1% of reading

Current Direction

Range : 0 - 360◦ magnetic

Resolution : 0.01◦

Accuracy : +1.5◦

Tide measurements

Tide measurements at one location will be carried out by using

Aanderaa Seaguard Water Level Recorder manufactured by

Aanderaa Data Instruments, Norway. It is a high precision

recording instrument for measuring the variation of water level

in the sea. The Pressure Sensor 4647 is a compact yet intelligent

sensor designed to be used in this measuring systems. The

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 sensor is based on a silicon piezo -
resistive bridge sampled and temperature

compensated by an advanced Digital Signal Processor. The tide measurement is an

average of the hydrostatic pressure measured over a time period of 10 seconds to 8

minutes (Optional). The recoding interval is selected between 2 seconds and

2hours.

Technical specifications:

Top - End Plate : Multiparameter platform

Recording system : Data Storage on SD card/DSU

Storage Capacity : ≤ 4GB

Battery : 2 batteries inside the instrument

: Alkline 3988 9V, 15Ah (nominal 12.5Ah; 20W

to 6V at 4°C) or Lithium 4002: 7V, 30Ah

Supply voltage : 6 to 14VDC

: Parallel 2 Alkaline battery (each 9.0 VDC)

Operating temperature : - 5 – +40˚C (23 – 104˚F)

Deployment depth : Up to 300 m depending on sensor

Dimensions : OD: 139 mm; H: 356 mm

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 Weight in air : 6.3 kg

Weight in water : 1.8 kg

Materials : PET, Titanium, Stainless Steel 316, Epoxy

Pressure : 4647B Range: 0 – 700kPa (101 psia) 60 m depth

: Resolution: 0.0001% FSO

: Accuracy: ±0.04% FSO

: Pressure connection: Swagelok™ 1/8 inch

: Inlet port (reference): top of the pressure port

: Pressure parameters: Pressure in kPa, Pressure

Raw data in LSB

Temperature : Range: 0 – 36°C (32 – 96.8˚F)

: Resolution: 0.001°C (0.0018°F)

: Accuracy: ±0.4°C (0.72°F)

: Response Time (63%): < 2 min

: Temperature parameters: Temperature in °C,

Temperature raw data in LSB

Tide : Integration time: 10s - 8 minutes

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 : Tide parameters: Tide pressure in kPa,

: Tide level in meter

Modelling - Flow Model

The tide and wind induced flow fields over the project area are determined using

HD (hydrodynamic) module of MIKE 21 suite.

Dredge Spoil Disposal - Model description

MIKE 21 Particle Analysis (PA) module is based on the Lagrangian discrete par
celsmethod in which an ensemble of particles is followed instead of solving the Eul
erian

advection -diffusion equation. The Lagrangian discrete parcel scheme calculates the

displacement of each particle as the sum of an advective deterministic component

and an independent, random Markovian component, which statistically

approximates the random and/or chaotic nature of time - averaged tidal mixing.
In MIKE 21 PA module, which is designed to simulate the surface and subsurfa
ce

transport, the spoil/waste/pollutant released into the water bodies are divided into

discrete parcels, and sets of spatial coordinates are assigned to each parcel. It is

assumed that these parcels advect with the surrounding water body and diffuse as a

result of random processes. These flow processes occur simultaneously at different

spatial and temporal scales with continuous spectrum ranging from molecula
ragitation to tidal, baroclinic residual flows. The advective velocities are obtaine
dfrom hydrodynamic simulations (MIKE 21 HD), whereas the turbulent contributi
onsare controlled by the dispersion coefficients. In this PA module, the discrete pat
h ofthe pollutant parcels released in the water body are followed and recorded a

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 s afunction of time relative to the reference grid system fixed in space. Then
thedensity distributions of the ensemble are interpreted as the concentration of t
hespoil/waste/pollutant.

The properties of the released particles are described by distribution of grain size

or settling velocities, and the number of particles released per time step is specified.

The sediment particles released at a specified depth, settle with a constant or

randomly generated settling velocity. The particles are deposited when they reach

the bottom. The mass of the particle cloud can also change due to re - suspension

and furthermore due to a linear decay.

This simulation method gives the possibilities of calculating the concentration of

suspended material at different depths. The particles can be advected by a three -

dimensional velocity field or by logarithmic velocity profiles established from

the depth-
integrated velocities specified in the Hydrodynamic model. The velocity

profiles can be superimposed with a wind induced current profile if wind is

applied

to the model. The model calculates the frequency function for settling velocity

using Stokes law. A settling velocity chosen at random from this distribution

assigned to each particle when it is released.

The PA module gives the following outputs,

· Instantaneous concentration of suspended material (kg/m3)

· Averaged concentration of suspended material (kg/m3)

· Instantaneous total cohesive erosion and deposition (kg/m3)

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 3
· Accumulated total cohesive erosion and deposition (kg/m )

· Accumulated net cohesive sedimentation (kg/m3)

Wave Tranquillity

The wave tranquillity studies inside the harbour basin are carried out using

MIKE 21 EMS (Elliptic Mild - Slope) Wave Module.

Model description

MIKE 21 EMS is based on the numerical solution of the ‘mild -

slope’ wave equationoriginally derived by Berkhoff in 1972. This equation gover
ns the motion of timeharmonic water waves (linear waves) on a gently sloping b
athymetry with arbitrarywater depth. In case of constant water depth, the basic e
quation reduces to theclassical Helmholtz equation.

The linear model includes shoaling, refraction, diffraction, wave breaking, be

dfriction and back -
scattering. Partial reflection and transmission through piers andbreakwaters is als
o included. Sponge layers are applied where full absorption ofwave energy is r
equired, e.g. at offshore boundaries. The model has been used to

determine harbour resonance and seiching as well as wave transformation in

coastal areas. The model also includes a general formulation of radiation stresses,

which apply in crossing wave trains and in areas of strong diffraction and wav
e

breaking.
MIKE 21 EMS is based on a quiet unique solution method. The time harmon
ic

variation is subtracted and the elliptic equations are reformulated as mass and

momentum type equations, which are discretized using a Finite Difference scheme

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 The normal ADI (alternating direction implicit) algorithm is invoked and
theequations are solved by means of double sweep algorithm.

Littoral Drift

The DHI -
LITPACK model suite is a convenient tool for studying the coastal

processes related sediment transport in the wave breaking zone. The different

modules LITSTP, LITDRIFT, LITLINE, LITTREN, LITPROF are used to stud

y the noncohesive sediment transport, longshore current, littoral drift, coastline
evolution,sedimentation in trenches and cross -
shore profile evolution. In the present study,

the littoral sediment transport along the coast has been evaluated using the DHI -

LITPACK - LITDRIFT model.

Model Description

MIKE 21 LITDRIFT is a deterministic numerical model which consists of two

majorparts, viz. i) a hydrodynamic model and ii) a sediment transport model (STP).

The hydrodynamic model includes propagation, shoaling and breaking of wave

s,calculation of the driving forces due to radiation stress gradients, momentu
mbalance for the cross -
shore and longshore direction giving the wave setup and the

longshore current velocities. The model can be applied on complex coastal profiles

with longshore bars. In the case of a longshore bar the broken waves can reform in

the trough onshore of the bar.

Having computed the longshore current by the hydrodynamic module, points are

selected across the coast, which are representative for the littoral drift estimation.

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 The sediment transport calculations carried out by the STP module are made to

reflect the local conditions with respect to the energy dissipation, the percentage of

non - breaking waves and the rms values of wave heights.

The total sediment transport is dominated by transport contributions from areas

åQ  
where wave breaking occurs. In case of a bar - profile, the sediment calculation

points will have to be located on the bars where waves are breaking. This gives the

distribution of sediment transport across the profile, which is integrated to obtain

the total longshore sediment transport rate. By considering the variation in the

hydrodynamic climate (e.g. the yearly wind, wave, tide, storm surge and profile

conditions) it is possible to determine the net gross littoral climate at a specific

location.

The annual drift is evaluated by the contribution of transport from each of the

incident wave occurring over the year. When calculating the annual drift, the wave

climate in LITDRIFT is described at specified intervals in a time series file where

data set describes the characteristics of incident waves. The duration of the wave
incident is given as a fraction of a year. Then the total annual drift Qannualis
calculated as the sum of the contributions from all incident waves,

NSE
Qannua TS (i).Duration (i)
S
l =
i=1

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 Where NSETS is the total number of incident waves. The 3 hourly wave data as

described in (section 9.3) are used as input.

Model input

The input data for the LITDRIFT module is described below,

i) Orientation of the coast

ii) Bathymetry of the cross shore profile

iii) Time series of wave climate

iv) Sediment parameters

Shoreline Evolution

The shoreline evolution of the study region is estimated using the DHI -
LITPACK -

LITLINE module.

Model description

LITLINE calculates the coastline position based on input of the wave climate as time

series. This model is based on a one - line theory, in which the cross - shore profile is

assumed to remain unchanged during erosion/accretion. The coastal morphology is

solely described by the coastline position (cross - shore direction) and the coastal
profile at a given long -shore position.
LITLINE calculations are based on a baseline that runs parallel to the primary

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 coastline orientation, while the y - axis runs from the baseline in offshore direction.

“Coastal or coastline profile” is used to denote the variation of yc in the longshore

(x) direction, while the cross - shore profile denotes the water depth as a function of

the cross - shore position relative to the coastline position yc.

Continuity Equation for Sediment Volumes

The main equation in LITLINE is the continuity equation for sediment volume

expressed by,

¶yc (x) 1 ¶Q(x) Qsou (x)

=- +
¶t hact (x) ¶x hact (x)D

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Where,

yc(x) - distance from the baseline to the coastline

t - time

hact(x) - height of the active cross - shore profile

Q(x) - longshore transport of sediment expressed in volumes

X - longshore position

Δx - longshore discretization step

Qsou(x) - source/sink term expressed in volume/Δx.

hact(x) and Qsou(x) are calculated based on user specifications, while the longshor

transport rate Q(x) is determined from tables relating the transport rate to the

hydrodynamic conditions at breaking. Δx is user specified, while Δt is determined

from stability criteria. From an initial coastline position yinit (x), the evolution in

time is determined by solving continuity equation using an implicit Crank -

Nicholson scheme.

The main features of LITLINE coastline evolution module are as follows,

· Deterministic description of transport rate distribution over the profile

· Measured or pseudo time series as input

· Time varying sediment sources

· Wide range of coastal structures

· Graphics of results while calculating

Virgo  Aqua,  Consulting  Engineers,  2nd  Floor,  K.K.  Building,  MathaiManjooran  Road,  Ernakulam    682018      Page  41  
  

Model input

The input data for the LITLINE module are:

i) Orientation of the coast

ii) Bathymetry of the cross shore profile

iii) Time series of wave climate

iv) Sediment properties

v) Orientation of structures

WORK PROGRAMME - Bar Chart

Sl Period
.
Activity
April- May- June- July- Aug- Sep- Oct- Nov- Dec-
N
2016 2016 2016 2016 2016 2016 2016 2016 2016
o

Mobilisation
of crew &
1 setting up of
camp

Inception
2 Report

Site/Field
3 Investigation
s

Topographic
al survey,
Hydrographi
cal survey,
tide levels
and sub-soil
investigation
s

Economic

Virgo  Aqua,  Consulting  Engineers,  2nd  Floor,  K.K.  Building,  MathaiManjooran  Road,  Ernakulam    682018      Page  42  
  

investigation
s

Collection of
4 Meteorologi
cal data

and Model
Studies

Laboratory
5 investigation
of samples.

Investigation
6 Report

Planning and
design of
7 fishing
harbour

8 Draft Report

Preparation
9 of cost
estimates

and working
out
economics

Final
report
10 (TEFR) &
Tendering
activities

Virgo  Aqua,  Consulting  Engineers,  2nd  Floor,  K.K.  Building,  MathaiManjooran  Road,  Ernakulam    682018      Page  43  
  

WORK PROGRAMME

The proposed Work Programme has been planned from the initiation to completion of
the EIA /EMP studies as shown in the Bar chart enclosed.

Sl. Period
Activity April- May- June- July- Aug- Sep- Oct-
No. 2016 2016 2016 2016 2016 2016 2016

1. Secondary
Research

2. Baseline
Study/Survey

3. Preparation of EIA
& EMP Report

4. Preparation /
Documentation for
Statutory clearance
from UT CZMA,
etc

5. Preparation of
Presentation
Documents for
EC/CRZ clearance
from MoEF

Note : Items No. 4 and 5 are dependent on the dates to be fixed by the concern
authorities.

44