Annexes Task 2 – Human Development

1. Phrasal verbs

Phrasal verbs are usually two-word phrases consisting of verb +

adverb or verb + preposition.

Verb Meaning Example

Get up To get out of bed after sleeping I get up at 6:00.

To get into a bus, plane or train.

/ To continue doing something, The bus was full but I could
Get in
especially with more effort or get in.
more quickly than before.

To have just enough of

something such as money or I can get by with my
Get by
knowledge so that you can do English in Miami.
what you need to do.

When a vehicle or driver drives

off, the vehicle starts moving and
The police drove off the
Drive off leaves. / To force someone to go
suspect car.
away, especially when they are
attacking or threatening you.

To know more about phrasal verbs, it is suggested to check and develop the
exercises of the E-book B2: unit 2, module 6. To access the E-book B2, it’s
necessary to be logged to the English course.

2. Paragraph One: Introduction

As with most formal essays, the three-paragraph essay begins with an

introduction paragraph. Such paragraphs must, obviously, introduce the
reader to your idea and, in most cases, convince the reader that this essay is

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worth reading. To craft a strong introduction, be sure to open with a solid
hook. You want to draw in readers so they are compelled to engage with your
writing.

A hook can be something compelling such as a question, a powerful quote, or

an interesting fact. Introduction paragraphs also usually contain background
information that assists the reader in understanding your topic, perhaps
defining it or explaining an important part. Finally, you want to include a thesis
statement. Even though your essay only has three paragraphs, there still
needs to be a purpose to the writing.

You could structure your introduction paragraph according to this

outline:

1. Introduction Paragraph
a) Hook: Is there no solution for dumping waste in the ocean?
b) Background Points
a) Explain why trash is dumped in the ocean
b) Statistics about dumping trash in the ocean
c) Thesis Statement: Dumping waste in the ocean is a problem
because it spells disaster for the ecosystem, leading to problems
on land.

This structure is not mandatory, though it might be useful in the long run for
organizing your thoughts.

3. Future Perfect

We use the future perfect to say that something will be finished by a time in
the future. We often use the future perfect with ‘by’, “in” or ‘by the time’.

• I think astronauts will have landed on Mars by the year 2020.

• I’ll have finished in an hour and then you can use the computer.
• By the time you finish your soup, the rest of your meal will be cold.

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‘By’ and “by the time” mean ‘not later than a particular time’ and ‘in’
means ‘within a period of time’.
We use these expressions when we don’t know exactly when something will
finish.
• I promise I’ll have done all the work by next Saturday. - We don’t
know exactly when this person will finish the work – maybe Thursday,
maybe Friday – but definitely before Saturday.

Future perfect
Affirmative Will have + past participle
Negative Will + not + have + participle
Questions Will + pronoun + have + participle

To know more about the future perfect, it is suggested to check and develop
the exercises of the E-book B2: unit 1, module 1. To access the E-book B2,
it’s necessary to be logged to the English course.

4. Paragraph Two: Body

The second paragraph, as we have discussed, is the one and only body
paragraph. This paragraph bears the burden of communicating support for the
thesis statement all on its own. As such, it may take more than one rough
draft to get this paragraph to communicate everything you want it to.

Your body paragraph needs to underscore the thesis statement. Create a topic
sentence for this body paragraph that communicates this and also transitions
from the introduction into the body. For example, your body paragraph topic
sentence based on the outline above could be:

One of those problems might play itself out as food scarcity where humans
live.

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This topic sentence reiterates the thesis and moves the reader into a body
paragraph that contains a supporting point: that damage to the ocean’s
ecosystem could lead to food scarcity. Within the body paragraph, you can
quote different sources that support this point.

Again, this paragraph does not have room to contain everything that a full
five-paragraph essay might. But that doesn’t mean you can’t fit in some strong
evidence to convince your reader to see your perspective, such as is
accomplished through quotes and analysis. Don’t forget to end with a strong
transition sentence to move the reader seamlessly into the conclusion.

5. First Condional

Type 1
This type of condition is used for present or future activities which are likely
to happen. We use the present simple tense in the if clause and the
shall/will/can/may+infinitive construction in the main clause.

Cuellar, D. (2017). (Image). If Clauses in Conditional Sentences.

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To know more about conditionals, it is suggested to check the following
Virtual Information Object click here. To access this resource, it’s necessary
to be logged to the English course.

6. Paragraph Three: Conclusion

The final paragraph in an essay is usually the conclusion. The three-paragraph

essay is no exception. In this essay, the conclusion can be just as long as the
other two paragraphs, and it can drive home the point made in the thesis
statement and body paragraph. As with most conclusion paragraphs, this
paragraph ought to restate the thesis in different words. It should then
summarize what was stated in the body paragraph before challenging the
reader in some way, whether in thought or action.

7. Second Condional

Type 2

The condition is used for present or future activities which are unlikely or
impossible to happen. We use the past simple tense in the if clause and the
should/would+infinitive contruction in the main clause.

Cuellar, D. (2017). (Image). If Clauses in Conditional Sentences.

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To know more about conditionals, it is suggested to check the following Virtual
Information Object click here. To access this resource, it’s necessary to be
logged to the English course.

Reference

Barbeau, E. (2017, October 13). Writing a Three-Paragraph Essay.

https://www.citethisforme.com/. Retrieved November 4, 2021, from
https://www.citethisforme.com/blog/2017/10/13/writing-three-
paragraph-essay.