ABSTRACT

To develop a density based dynamic traffic signal system in order to

change the signal timing changes automatically on sensing the traffic density at
the junction. Traffic congestion and tidal flow are major facts that cause delay
to ambulance. To bar loss of human life due to accidents we introduce a scheme
called ITLS (Intelligent Traffic Light system).The main idea of this project is to
provide a smooth flow for the emergency vehicles like ambulance to reach the
hospitals in time and thus minimizing the delay caused by traffic congestion.
The proposed system is to implement ITLS which would control automatically
the traffic lights in the path of the ambulance. If the ambulance are supposed to
be enter in the traffic density region the traffic signal will immediately turns the
signal into green. Further the project can be enhanced by synchronizing all the
traffic junctions in the city to reduce the traffic congestion with the help of
wired or wireless network. And also it is very helpful to ensures making
emergency facilities available to accident victims as early as possible by letting
relatives, hospital or a rescue team know the accident spot with the help of this
module embedded in the vehicle. Sensors are attached to the microcontroller. In
case there is an accident, the sensor gets activated and the GSM system will
send notifications to the nearest hospital, police station or kind of the victim
with the location coordinates where the accident has occurred. With the help of
space navigation system GPS locates the position of the vehicle where accident
has occurred.

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER NO TITLE PAGE NO

ABSTRACT IV
LIST OF TABLES VIII
LIST OF FIGURES IX
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS X
1 INTRODUCTION 1

1.1 Overview 1
1.2 Block Diagrams 2
1.2.1 Block Diagram Description 4
1.3 Traffic Light-Emitting Diode 4
1.4 Practical Use 5
1.5 Led Technology 6
1.6 RF Transmitter and RF Receiver 6
2 LITERATURE SURVEY 7

2.1 Intelligent Traffic Signal Control System 7

2.2 Accident Detection & Alerting System 7
2.3 Road Traffic Congestion Monitoring and Measurement
Using Active RFID and GSM Technology 8
2.4 Design of Intelligent Ambulance and Traffic Control 8
2.5 Automatic Ambulance Rescue System Using Shortest
Path Finding Algorithm 9
2.6 Switching Frequency Of Light At A Junction 9
3 PROBLEM DEFINITION 10

3.1 Existing System 10

3.2 Disadvantages 10

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4 DESIGN OF PROPOSED SYSTEM 11

4.1 Proposed System 11

4.2 Advantages of the Proposed System 12
4.3 Importance of the Proposed System 12
4.4 Microcontroller 13
4.4.1 Introduction 13
4.4.2 Definition of Microcontroller 13
4.4.3 Evolution of Microcontroller 14
4.4.4 Pin Diagram of Microcontroller 15
4.4.5 Architecture of 89C51 16
4.4.6 Applications of Micro controller 17
4.5 Introduction To ATMEL Microcontroller 17
4.5.1 The Major Features of 8-Bit Microcontroller
ATMEL 89C51 17
4.6 Memory Organization 17
4.6.1 Program Memory 18
4.6.2 Data Memory 18
4.7 Program Status Word 18
4.8 Interrupts 18
4.8.1 Interrupt Enable Register19
5 IMPLEMENTATION OF PROPOSED SYSTEM 20

5.1 PCB Design 20

5.2 Manufacturing 20
5.3 Software Tool – Keil C Compiler 20
5.4 Algorithm For Starting A New Assembler Project 21
5.5 Algorithm For Creating Source File 21
5.6 Screenshots 22
5.7 Embedded C 24
5.8Schematic Solutions 24
5.9 Data Bases 25
5.10 Modules 26

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 6 CONCLUSION AND FUTURE ENHANCEMENT 27

6.1 Conclusion 27
6.2 Future Enhancement 27

7 REFERENCES 28

APPENDIX 29

PUBLICATION 32

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 LIST OF TABLES

TABLE NO TITLE PAGE

NO

4.4.1 EVALUATION OF MICROCONTROLLER 14

4.4.3 PORT3 DESCRIPTION 15
4.8.1 SYMBOL TABLE 19

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 LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE TITLE PAGE NO

NO
1.1 SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE 2

1.2 TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEM 3

1.3 ACCIDENT DETECTION UNIT 3

1.4 TRAFFIC LIGHTS 4

1.5 THE INNER WORKINGS OF AN LED 6

4.4.2 PIN DIAGRAM OF MICROCONTROLLER 15

4.4.4 ARCHITECTURE OF 89C514 16

4.7 PROGRAM STATUS WORD 18

5.6.1 KEIL SOFTWARE MENU BAR 22

5.6.2 CODE IMPLEMENTATION 22

5.6.3 SAVE AS FILE 23

5.8.1 WORKING MODEL OF ACCIDENT DETECTION 24

5.8.2 WORKING MODEL OF AMBULANCE 25

CLEARANCE

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 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
PIC PERIPHERAL INTERFACE CONTROLLER

PSEN PROGRAM STORE ENABLE

EA/VPP EXTERNAL ACCESS ENABLE

GAAS GALLIUM ARSENIDE

LED LIGHT EMITTING DIODE

CD COMPACT DISC

DVD DIGITAL VERSATILE DISK

RF RADIO FREQUENCY

HT12E HOLTEK 12 ENCODER

PSW PROGRAM STATUS WORD

PTH PLATED THROUGH HOLES

PWM PULSE WIDTH MODULATION

ADC ANALOG-TO-DIGITAL

AVR-32 ALF & VEGARD’S RISK

RFID RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION

IC INTEGRATED CIRCUIT

TTL TRANSISTOR –TRANSISTOR LOGIC

GSM GLOBAL SYSTEM FOR MOBILE

COMMUNICATION

GPS GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM

GPRS GENERAL PACKET RADIO SERVICE