While a number of Al alloys have been processed to develop superplasticity, those which are of

commercial interest are listed in Table 1.1 and include Supral 100 (AA2004), AA7475 and AA5083. The
Al–Li alloys, AA8090 and AA2090, which have useful properties are also listed.

AA2004 (Al–6Cu–0.4Zr), Supral 100

The AA2004 alloy was not an existing material but was designed so it could be processed to develop
superplasticity, while having useful ambient temperature properties typical of a medium strength Al
alloy. The processing route has been described by Grimes et al. and by Watts et al. , while the events
leading up to the development of this material and to its commercial use have been presented by
Barnes et al. The alloy is rapidly solidifi ed from a high superheat (~780°C) to retain Zr in solution and to
avoid the formation of coarse primary ZrAl 3 precipitates. It is then aged at 360°C when a homogeneous
distribution of fi ne ZrAl 3 particles (~10 nm) is precipitated. After solution treatment at 500°C the alloy
is hot rolled to break down the as-cast structure. The alloy is then heavily warm/cold worked to 80%
reduction, during which operation recrystallisation is prevented by the pinning action of the ZrAl 3
particles. The alloy can be formed at 460°C at a strain rate of ~10 −3 s −1 and is capable of giving
substantial tensile strains to failure of ~1000%. During forming, continuous dynamic recrystallisation of
the heavily dislocated structure occurs and a fine grain (~5–10 µm) SP microstructure evolves. The
mechanism by which this occurs has been the subject of much investigation and has been discussed by
Bate et al.

AA2004 legura nije bila postojeći materijal, ali je dizajnirana tako da se može obraditi kako bi se razvila
superplastičnost, dok ima korisne osobine temperature okoline tipične za Al leguru srednje čvrstoće. Put
obrade opisali su Grimes et al. i Watts et al. , dok su događaje koji su doveli do razvoja ovog materijala i
njegove komercijalne upotrebe predstavili Barnes et al. Legura se brzo stvrdnjava od visokog
pregrijavanja (~780°C) kako bi zadržala Zr u otopini i izbjegla stvaranje grubih primarnih ZrAl 3
precipitata. Zatim se stari na 360°C kada se istaloži homogena distribucija finih čestica ZrAl 3 (~10 nm).
Nakon tretmana rastvorom na 500°C legura se toplo valjana kako bi se razbila struktura kao livena.
Legura se zatim jako toplo/hladno obrađuje do 80% redukcije, pri čemu je rekristalizacija spriječena
djelovanjem pričvršćivanja čestica ZrAl 3. Legura se može formirati na 460°C brzinom deformacije od ~10
-3 s -1 i sposobna je dati značajna vlačna naprezanja do loma od ~1000%. Tokom formiranja dolazi do
kontinuirane dinamičke rekristalizacije jako dislocirane strukture i razvija se fino zrnasta (~5-10 µm) SP
mikrostruktura. Mehanizam po kojem se to događa bio je predmet mnogih istraživanja i o njemu su
raspravljali Bate et al.

While a number of Al alloys have been processed to develop superplasticity, those which are of
commercial interest are listed in Table 1.1 and include Supral 100 (AA2004), AA7475 and AA5083. The
Al–Li alloys, AA8090 and AA2090, which have useful properties are also listed.

AA2004 (Al–6Cu–0.4Zr), Supral 100

The AA2004 alloy was not an existing material but was designed so it could be processed to develop
superplasticity, while having useful ambient temperature properties typical of a medium strength Al
alloy. The processing route has been described by Grimes et al. and by Watts et al. , while the events
leading up to the development of this material and to its commercial use have been presented by
Barnes et al. The alloy is rapidly solidifi ed from a high superheat (~780°C) to retain Zr in solution and to
avoid the formation of coarse primary ZrAl 3 precipitates. It is then aged at 360°C when a homogeneous
distribution of fi ne ZrAl 3 particles (~10 nm) is precipitated. After solution treatment at 500°C the alloy
is hot rolled to break down the as-cast structure. The alloy is then heavily warm/cold worked to 80%
reduction, during which operation recrystallisation is prevented by the pinning action of the ZrAl 3
particles. The alloy can be formed at 460°C at a strain rate of ~10 −3 s −1 and is capable of giving
substantial tensile strains to failure of ~1000%. During forming, continuous dynamic recrystallisation of
the heavily dislocated structure occurs and a fine grain (~5–10 µm) SP microstructure evolves. The
mechanism by which this occurs has been the subject of much investigation and has been discussed by
Bate et al.

AA2004 legura nije bila postojeći materijal, ali je dizajnirana tako da se može obraditi kako bi se razvila
superplastičnost, dok ima korisne osobine temperature okoline tipične za Al leguru srednje čvrstoće. Put
obrade opisali su Grimes et al. i Watts et al. , dok su događaje koji su doveli do razvoja ovog materijala i
njegove komercijalne upotrebe predstavili Barnes et al. Legura se brzo stvrdnjava od visokog
pregrijavanja (~780°C) kako bi zadržala Zr u otopini i izbjegla stvaranje grubih primarnih ZrAl 3
precipitata. Zatim se stari na 360°C kada se istaloži homogena distribucija finih čestica ZrAl 3 (~10 nm).
Nakon tretmana rastvorom na 500°C legura se toplo valjana kako bi se razbila struktura kao livena.
Legura se zatim jako toplo/hladno obrađuje do 80% redukcije, pri čemu je rekristalizacija spriječena
djelovanjem pričvršćivanja čestica ZrAl 3. Legura se može formirati na 460°C brzinom deformacije od ~10
-3 s -1 i sposobna je dati značajna vlačna naprezanja do loma od ~1000%. Tokom formiranja dolazi do
kontinuirane dinamičke rekristalizacije jako dislocirane strukture i razvija se fino zrnasta (~5-10 µm) SP
mikrostruktura. Mehanizam po kojem se to događa bio je predmet mnogih istraživanja i o njemu su
raspravljali Bate et al.