eees Instrumentation Amplifier (See Section 2.4.2, p. 82 of Sedra/Smith} OBJECTIVES: To study sn instrumentation amplifier eireuit by + Completing the analysis of the circuit and selecting resistors that satisfy design specifications + Simulating the circuit 16 compare the results with the paper anailysis + Implementing the circuit in an experimental setting. taking measurements, and comparing its performance with theoretical and simulated results MATERIALS: Laboratory setup. including breadboard Three 74l-type operational amplitiers Several wires and resistors of varying sizes PART 4: DESIGN AND ANALYSIS Comer the cit shown in Figure L24 op r (law ia : FIGURE L2.4: Instrumentation amplifies. I Based on Fig, 2.200), 7.83585,1482.4 INSTRUMENTATION AMPLIFIER Design the circuit in Figure L2.4 such that 4y = 110 VIV, Select resistor Values such that the first stage provides a gain of 11 V/V (magnitude) and | kQ and the second stage provides a gain of -10 V/V. Use supplies of V, PSIsy Hand calculations + Sketch the circuit in your lab book. clearly labeling the op + What values of Ry. Rs, Ry. and Ry do you need to use to meet the gain and input resistance specifications? Is the problem completely specified? ‘amp terminals, Simulation + Use a SO-mViy 94 FRHZ input sine wave applied to yy) and another SUemV jy pj FRHZ input sine wave applied to vj: that is 180° out of phase with 17, In your simulation, ian output resistance of 50.02, What are Vjyand Vj.n? What aire Fog and Fem? + Plot the input and output waveforms for all simulations. + For all simukations. report the DC voltage at the invert put of each op-iamp. + What are the simulated values of differential sind common-mode pain? sume your input voltage sourees have lerminal and out PART 2: PROTOTYPING AND MEASUREMENT + Assemble the circuit onto a breadboard. Do not include the 50-2 output resistance of your signal sources + While leuving jy grounded, provide a DC input to ry in increments of 01 ¥, From 0.1 V 10 40.1 V, Record the values of and plot your results, + While leaving ¥;) rounded, providea DC input to e;>in increments of 0.01 V, from -0.1 V to #01 V, Record the values of rq amd plot your results + Using a funetion generator, provide & I-kHZ SO-mV. 94 Sine wave to input v7 and ground input rj». Using an oscilloscope, capture the output voltage waveform. erator, provide a -KH7 S-mnViy ry and ground inpat rq. Using an oscilloscope. eaptut waveform, + Using st digital multimeter, measure all resistors to thre Sine wave to input the output voltage ificant digits PART 3: POST-MEASUREMENT EXERCISE + Caleulate the values of Ay and 4,,, obtained in your measurement. What is the common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR) of the cireuit? Express the MRR in nits of decibels. Explain any diserepancies between the experi ‘ments, simulations, and hand amalysis824 INSTRUMENTATION AMPLIFIER + Recalculate the theoretical gains of the circuit, using the measured resistor values closer to your measured gains? values. Are the recalculate PART 4 [OPTIONAL]: EXTRA EXPLORATION + In your measurement setup. replace Ry with a resistor that is 10% smaller in value and remeusure A,yand 4,,,. How do their values change? What do you conclude?LAB 2.5 Lossy Integrator (See Section 2.5.1-2.5.2, p. 87 of Sedra/Smith] OBJECTIVES: To study a Jossy integrator and its time-domain and frequency-domain behavior by’ + Completing the analysis of the eireuit and selecting resistors and eupucitors that satisfy design specifications, + Simulating the cireuits to compare the results with the paper analysis + Implementing the cireuit in an experimental setting, taking measurements, and comparing its performance with theoretical and simulated results, MATERIALS: + Laboratory setup, including breadboard + 1 74l-type operational amplifier (obtain ils dtasheet) + Several wires + Resistors and capacitors of varying sizes PART 1: DESIGN AND ANALYSIS Consider the eireuit shown in Fig FIGURE 12.5: Lossy integrator. > See Fig 2.25, p.92 585.LAa23S Lossy INTEGRATOR Design the circuit in Figure L2.5 such that its gain at DC is 10 WIV and its 3-48, Frequency is | kHz, Select resistor values such that the input resistance is 1 KO. Use supplies of 1%, = -V" = 15 V. Hand caleulations + Sketch the circuit in your lab book, clearly labeling the op-amp terminals, at values of R, Ry. and Cdo you need to use to meet the gain, —3-UB ‘and input resistance specifications? Is the problem completely Simulation + Simulation &: Perform a transient simulation of your circuit, Useat 80-14, 9 input sine wave. In your simulation, assume your input voltage sources have ‘an output resistance of 50.0. Simulzte your cireuit at Frequencies of 100 Hz, 500 Hz, | kHz, 2 kHz, and S kHz. What do you observe? Plot the input and ‘output waveforms for all simula + Simulation 2- Perform an AC simulation of your circuit. In your simutation, assume your input voltage sources have an output resistance of 50.2. Plot the magnitude and phase response of your cireuit in a Bode plot. Based on this simulation, what is the voltage gain at low frequencies, and what is the 3B. frequene) PART 2: PROTOTYPING AND MEASUREMENT + Assemble the circuit onto a breadboard, Do not include the 50-2 output -e of your signal sources. + Using a digital multimeter, measure the DC voltages atthe input, output. and inverting terminal, while leaving the input grounded. + Using a funetion generator, provide a S0-mVjy yy 2er0-DC sine wave to the input. Using an oscilloscope, capture the output voltage waveform For input frequencies of 10 Hz, 100 Hz, S00 Iz. | kHz. 2 KHz, ann 5 kHz + Vary the input frequency until the output reaches approximately 70% of ity low-frequency magnitude, Record this as the 3-dB frequency. icant digits ‘a ligital multimeter, measure all resistors to three sig PART 3: POST-MEASUREMENT EXERCISE + Caleulate the measured voltage gain at low frequencies. + Recalculate the theoretical gain and UB point of the circuit, using the measured resistor values. Are the recaleulated valuey closer to your measured values? PART 4 [OPTIONAL]: EXTRA EXPLORATION + Apply a 10-1Iz Fy. 2er0-DC squire wave at the input and plot vp. What is the maximum rate OF changeLAB 2.6 Lossy Differentiator (See Section 2.5.3, p. 94 of Sedra/Smith) OBJECTIVES: To study a lossy differentiator and its time-domain and frequency-domain behavior by’ + Completing the analysis of the cireuit and selecting resistors and capacitors that satisfy design specifications whiting the circuits to compare the results with the paper analysis, i the eircuit in an experimental setting, wiking measurements, wits performance with theoretival and simulated results. MATERIALS: + Laboratory setup. including breadboard +1 74l-type operational amplifier (obtain its datasheet) + Several wires + Resistors and capacitors of varying sizes PART 1: DESIGN AND ANALYSIS Consider the circuit shown in Figure L2.6: FIGURE 126: Lossy diffeceetiator.Based on Fig,2.27(a) on p.95 S&S. Des its 3d frequency is 100 Hz. Seleet resistor vthtes such that the input resistance gn the circuit in Figure L2.6 such that its high-Frequeney gain is 10 V/V, and 13Le26 Lossy DIEFERENTITOR Hand calculations ‘Sketch the cireuit in your lab book, clearly labeling the op-amp terminals. What values of R. Rj. and Cdo you need to use to meet the gain, —3-UB frequency, and input resistance specifications? Is the problem completely specified? Simulation + Simidarion 2: Perform Simulation I: Performa transient simulation of your eireuit.U input sine wave. In your simukition, assume your input voltage sources have ‘an output resistance of $0 Q, Simulate your circuit at frequencies of 100 Hz, S00 Hz, kHz, 2 kHz, and 5 kHz. What do you observe? Plot the input and ‘output waveforms for all simulations £2 S0-NV 4 In your simutation, assume your input voltage soures of 0.2. Plot the magnitude and phase response of your circuit, Based on this simulation, what is the voltage gain at high frequencies, and what is the 3-dB trequency? PART 2: PROTOTYPING AND MEASUREMENT + Assemble the gireuit onto a breadboard. Do not include the 50-2 output + Vary the input frequency until the output reaches approx + Using a di resistance of your signa sources. a digital multimeter, mea we the DC voltages at the input. output, and leaving the input grounded jon generator, provide a S0amVjq, sine wave to the input, Using, «an oscilloscope. capture the output voltage Waveform For input frequencies oF HOW) Hy, S00 Tz, 1 REZ. 2 KET, 5 REZ, aandl 1 kz high-frequency magnitude, Record this ts the dB frequen Al multimeter. measure all resistors to three significant digits, PART 3: POST-MEASUREMENT EXERCISE PART 4. ‘Caleulate the measured voltage wain at high frequ Recale theoretical gain and 3-dB point of the eireuit, using the measured resistor values. Are the recalculated values closer to your meas ured values? [OPTIONAL]: EXTRA EXPLORATION + Apply a W0-Hz Ly, 9, zer0-DC square wave at the input and plot ry. What “ does the output look like? What is the maximum cate of ehange in v4?