PROPERTIES OF THE SYSTEMS
• ADDITIVE PROPERTIES
- When a property of a substance is equal
to the sum of the Corresponding
properties of the constituent atoms, it is
called an additive property.
- For example, the molecular mass of a
compound is given by the sum of the
atomic masses of the constituent
atoms.
- Molecular weight, also called molecular
mass, mass of a molecule of a
substance, based on 12 as the atomic
weight of carbon-12.
- It is calculated in practice by summing
the atomic weights of the atoms making
up the substance's molecular formula.
• CONSTITUTIVE PROPERTIES
- A property that depends on the
arrangement of atoms and bond
structure, in a molecule, is referred to
as a constitutive property.
- Surface tension and viscosity and
optical activity are examples of
constitutive property.
- EXAMPLES:
o Optical Activity
o Refraction of Light
o Surface tension

o Interracial characteristics

• COLLIGATIVE PROPERTIES
- A colligative property may be defined as
one which depends on the number of
particles in solution and not in any way
on the size or chemical nature of the
particles.
- (1) Lowering of the Vapour Pressure
- (2) Elevation of the Boiling Point
- (3) Depression of the Freezing Point
- (4) Osmotic Pressure