Report: 

The Effect of COVID-19 to the Agri-Crops in the Municipality of Talisayan Misamis O…

The Effect of COVID-19 to the Agri-

Crops in the Municipality of Talisayan
Misamis Oriental
by Joe Mama

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Report: The Effect of COVID-19 to the Agri-Crops in the Municipality of Talisayan Misamis O…

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Report: The Effect of COVID-19 to the Agri-Crops in the Municipality of Talisayan Misamis O…

The Effect of COVID-19 to the Agri-

Crops in the Municipality of Talisayan
Misamis Oriental

Chapter I
The Problem
This chapter includes the introduction, the background of the study, the
framework of the study, the statement of the problem, scope and delimitation,
signi cance of the study, and the de nition of terms used.
Introduction
The research focuses on how COVID-19 affects the crops in Talisayan.
Coronaviruses are a large family of viruses that can cause illness in animals or
humans. In humans, several known coronaviruses cause respiratory infections.
These coronaviruses range from the common cold to more severe diseases
such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East respiratory
syndrome (MERS), and COVID-19. COVID-19 was identi ed in Wuhan, China, in
December 2019. COVID-19 is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a new virus in humans causing respiratory illness
that can spread from person to person. Early in the outbreak, linked patients to
large seafood and live animal market. However, later cases with no link to the
market con rmed person-to-person transmission of the disease. Additionally,
travel-related exportation of circumstances has occurred.
Plants are extremely important in the lives of people throughout the world.
People depend upon plants to satisfy such basic human needs as food,

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Report: The Effect of COVID-19 to the Agri-Crops in the Municipality of Talisayan Misamis O…

clothing, shelter, and health care. These needs are growing rapidly because of a
growing world population, increasing incomes, and urbanization. Plants provide
food directly, of course, and also feed livestock that is then consumed itself. In
addition, plants provide the raw materials for many types of pharmaceuticals
and tobacco, coffee, alcohol, and other drugs. The ber industry depends
heavily on cotton products, and the lumber products industry relies on wood
from a wide variety of trees (wood fuel is used primarily in rural areas).
Approximately 2.5 billion people still rely on subsistence farming to satisfy
their basic needs. At the same time, the rest are tied into increasingly complex
production and distribution systems to provide food, ber, fuel, and other
plant-derived commodities. The capability of plants to satisfy these growing
needs is not a new concern.
The development of agriculture provides necessary capital for developing other
sectors such as industry, transport, and foreign trade. Therefore, balanced
development of agriculture and industry is the need of the day. Agriculture
besides farming includes forestry, fruit cultivation, dairy farming, poultry
farming, beekeeping, etc.
Background of the Study
A crop is a plant or animal product that can be grown and harvested extensively
for pro t or subsistence. Crops may refer either to the harvested parts or in a
more re ned state. Most crops are cultivated in agriculture or aquaculture.
Crop, in agriculture, is a plant or plant product that can be grown and harvested
extensively for pro t or subsistence. By use, crops fall into six categories: food
crops, for human consumption (e.g., wheat, potatoes); feed crops, for livestock
consumption (e.g., oats, alfalfa); ber crops, for cordage and textiles (e.g.,
cotton, hemp); oil crops, for consumption or industrial uses (e.g., cottonseed,
corn); ornamental crops, for landscape gardening (e.g., dogwood, azalea); and

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Report: The Effect of COVID-19 to the Agri-Crops in the Municipality of Talisayan Misamis O…

industrial and secondary crops, for various personal and industrial uses (e.g.,
rubber, tobacco).
Agriculture plays a signi cant role in the Philippine economy. Involving about 40
percent of Filipino workers, it contributes 20 percent to the Gross Domestic
Product. This output comes mainly from agribusiness, which accounts for
about 70 percent of the total agricultural output. Major agricultural systems
include lowland irrigated farming and upland farming. Irrigated farm areas
mainly grow rice and sugarcane, whereas rained areas are planted with
coconut, corn, and cassava. The Philippines' major agricultural products
include rice, coconuts, corn, sugarcane, bananas, pineapples, and mangoes.
Misamis Oriental is self-suf cient in some crops. Forty-three percent of the
land is cultivated with cereals, fruit trees, vegetables, root crops, and
industrial, non-food plants. The top ve agricultural products are coconut,
banana, corn, rice, papaya, and cassava.

The framework of the study

This paper provides the framework of the study that can be used to understand
the effect of COVID 19 on the Agri- crops in Talisayan Misamis Oriental. This
research helps the researcher to extend the knowledge about Agri crops. The
study's framework will help understand or explain how Agri- crops were
affected due to COVID 19.
Table A.
Demographic Pro le
Part I.
Age
Sex

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Report: The Effect of COVID-19 to the Agri-Crops in the Municipality of Talisayan Misamis O…

Status
Religion
Educational Attainment
Location
.

Data Collection

Data Interpretation

The Impacted Sector of Agri-crops in Talisayan Misamis Oriental because of

COVID-19
Table B.
INPUT

PROCESS

OUTPUT

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Report: The Effect of COVID-19 to the Agri-Crops in the Municipality of Talisayan Misamis O…

Table B1 Table B2
Economic Factor
Family Factor
Personal Factor
Seasonal and Environmental Factor
COVID-19 Factor
Income
Transportation
Price
Supply
Product

Figure 1. The schematic view of Agri- crop attributes.

Statement of the Problem

The study is about COVID 19 on the Agri- crops in Talisayan Misamis Oriental.
Speci cally, it aims to answer the following questions:
1. What is the Demographic?
1.1 Age
1.2 Sex
1.3 Status

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Report: The Effect of COVID-19 to the Agri-Crops in the Municipality of Talisayan Misamis O…

1.4 Religion
1.5 Educational Attainment
2. What factor impacted Agri-sector most in terms of:
2.1 Income 2.6 Economic Factor
2.2 Transportation 2.7 Family Factor
2.3 Price 2.8 Personal Factor
2.4 Supply 2.9 Seasonal and Environmental Factor
2.5 Product 3.0 Covid-19 Factor
Delimitation of the Study
The study is limited to the effects of the COVID- 19 virus on the Agribusiness,
speci cally, crops in the municipality of Talisayan, Misamis Oriental. Talisayan
is a coastal municipality in the province of Misamis Oriental. It has a land area
of 140.33 square kilometers or 54.18 square miles, constituting 4.48% of
Misamis Orientals total area.
The study is envisioned to be done in three (3) months, by the end of the
semester of young researchers in their third year in college.
The study will include information about other Agribusiness aside from crops'
main intention. The researchers also had brief information about livestock and
more. This study will present data on quantitative results.
Signi cance of the Study
This study aims to discover the effect of COVID 19 on the Agri- crops in
Talisayan Misamis Oriental. The result of this study is valuable to the following:
Future researchers will bene t from this study, especially if their topic is about
the impact of COVID 19 on the Agri- crops. This study will help them in their
research subject in the future.
To the personnel in the eld of crops, this will serve as their guide, especially
these days when COVID 19 emerges.

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Report: The Effect of COVID-19 to the Agri-Crops in the Municipality of Talisayan Misamis O…

To the farmers, this research paper will serve as their guide to plan what they
will do if a crisis appears.
De nition of Terms
As the study determined the effects of COVID 19 on the Agri- crops, the
researchers oated out the important terms which played signi cant roles
throughout the research process.
Agriculture- the science or practice of farming, including cultivation of the soil
to grow crops and the rearing of animals to provide food, wool, and other
products. (Oxford Languages)
Farmers- a person who owns or manages a farm. (Oxford Languages)
Coronavirus- is a type of virus. There are many different kinds, and some cause
disease. A coronavirus identi ed in 2019, SARS-CoV-2, has caused a pandemic
of a respiratory illness called COVID-19. (The Johns Hopkins University, 2021)
Crop- is a cultivated plant grown as food, especially a grain, fruit, or vegetable.
(Oxford Languages)
Chapter III
Methodology
This chapter discusses the research methodology related to research design,
research locale, sampling and procedure, Research Instrument, scoring
system, and data treatment.
Research Design
Research is de ned as a careful consideration of a particular concept or
problem using scienti c methods. According to the American Sociologist Earl
Robert Babbie, "research is a systematic inquiry to describe, explain, predict
and control the observed phenomenon. It involves inductive and deductive
methods." In this study, the researchers use quantitative research, where

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Report: The Effect of COVID-19 to the Agri-Crops in the Municipality of Talisayan Misamis O…

deductive methods are commonly associated with reasoning from one or more
statements to reach a logical conclusion.
Leedy and Ormrod (2001) alleged that quantitative research is speci c in
surveying and experimentation as it builds upon existing theories. Quantitative
analysis can be used in response to relational questions of variables within the
research. This study is made using a descriptive survey method using
probability sampling techniques. Namely, simple random sampling in collecting
data sample survey method was used to gather information. The study
respondents are the agricultural sector of Talisayan Misamis Oriental, a
Farmers located at Magkarila, Sindangan, and Tagbocoboc. Researchers made
the variable use of a Demographic pro le that contains age, Sex, Religion, and
Educational attainment wherein The second part includes the impacted
Agricultural sector of the following variables, namely: Income, Transportation,
Price, Supply, Product, Economic Factor, Family Factor, Personal and
Environmental factor and last Covid-19 Factor. The scoring procedure was
made using of slovens formula and descriptive statistical mean.

Research Locale

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Report: The Effect of COVID-19 to the Agri-Crops in the Municipality of Talisayan Misamis O…

Figure 1. The map of the municipality of Talisayan Misamis Oriental

Researchers will conduct the study at the locality of Talisayan, province of
Misamis Oriental. Speci cally on agriculture organizations, crop departments,
and farms where the researchers will gather data and information that helps
accomplish the said study. The respondents of this study will be individuals
that relate to the research. They may be farmers, landowners, or buyers of a
speci c crop.
Sampling and Sampling Procedure
According to Djunaidi and Fauzab (2009), "population is a large group of
individuals, objects or events. A sample is a smaller group taken or drawn from
the population."
The research population for this study comprised all the farmers in Talisayan
Misamis Oriental of all ages and gender. A simple random sample is the
sampling method the researchers will use; it takes a small random portion of
the entire population to represent the whole data set. Each member has an
equal probability of being chosen. Researchers can create a simple random
sample using lotteries or lucky draws.
The number of samples will be determined using Sloven's formula with a 5%
error margin.
n=N1+Ne²

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Report: The Effect of COVID-19 to the Agri-Crops in the Municipality of Talisayan Misamis O…

where N = population size and e = error tolerance.

Table I. Population Distribution
Barangay
Overall/Actual Population
Unit Population
Percentage Distribution
Magkarila
35
9.45
27%
Tagbocboc
35
9.45
27%
Sindangan
60
27.6
46%
Total
130
46.5
100%
In the table, as shown above, only three (3) Barangays were registered under
the Department of Agriculture: Magkarila, Tagbocboc, and Sindanga,
respectively, with an overall population of 130 farmers in Talisayan Misamis

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Report: The Effect of COVID-19 to the Agri-Crops in the Municipality of Talisayan Misamis O…

Oriental. The total unit population of the sample will be 116 respondents, which
researchers determined by using Sloven's formula.
Percentage distribution is a frequency distribution. The individual class
frequencies are expressed as a percentage of the total frequency equated to
100. It is a display of data that speci es the rate of observations for each data
point or grouping of data points. Percentage distribution is a useful method of
expressing the relative frequency of survey responses and other data.
Research Instrument
The researchers' medium in gathering information is through a survey
questionnaire which will then be distributed to 116 farmers in Talisayan,
Misamis Oriental to collect data. A survey questionnaire is a quantitative
research technique that entails a structured approach to collecting primary
data. The survey questionnaire will consist of twenty (20) items. The
respondents will answer these questions using the following 5-point Likert
scale: 1-Highly Disagree. 2-Disagree, 3-Neutral, 4-Agree, 5-Highly Agree. The
researchers will give out a letter asking for consent before handing out the
questionnaire.
Scoring Procedure

RANK
RANGE
DESCRIPTIVE MEANING
SA
4.21 - 5.00
Highly Agree
A
3.41 - 4.20

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Report: The Effect of COVID-19 to the Agri-Crops in the Municipality of Talisayan Misamis O…

Agree
N
2.61 - 3.40
Neutral
D
1.81 - 2.60
Disagree
SD
1.00 - 1.80
Highly Disagree

Treatment of Data
The responses made by the farmers describing the demographic pro le and the
impacted factor of the Agri-sector were presented. In determining the impact
of COVID-19 on Agri-corps in the municipality of Talisayan Misamis Oriental,
the researchers used descriptive statistics to summarize responses from
respondents who were likely representative of the population. The survey
questionnaire consists of twenty (20) questions to assess the effect of COVID-
19 on their main source of income.
Researchers statistically analyzed questionnaire responses from Talisayan
farmers with research data tools. Descriptive statistics such as frequency
counts (F), percentages (P), and the total number of respondents (N) were taken
into account. The following formula has been observed:
P= (F)100+(N)
Problem 1: Demographic pro les are presented using the determinants above,
i.e., frequency, percentage, and the total number of respondents. All three are
used to distribute the properties of the participants.

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Problem 2: Agri-sector in uencing factors in income, transportation, price,

supply, products, economic factors, family factors, personal factors, seasonal
and environmental factors, and COVID-19 factors are presented using the same
determinants as problem 1.

Mean = sum of respondents/number of respondents.

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