1) how many    ways of    forming words are there in english ?

principle ways of word formation -derivation : affixation, conversion , composition ,    so priemery ways of
word formation in english are affixation , conversion composition    and secondary is back-formation,
sound imitation, blending, clipping and so on . A ffi x a ti o n is generally
defined as the formation of words by adding derivational affixes to different types
of bases. conversion is the formation of new words with the help of a zero-
morpheme . Word-composition (or compounding) is the type of word-formation, in
which new words are produced by combining two or more Immediate
Constituents , which are both derivational bases. In derivation    words have one
derivational base    and in composition words have two or more bases    .

2)word composition is ......    +

is one of the productive types of word-formation in Modern English. Composition

like all other ways of deriving words has its own peculiarities as to the m e a n s
u s e d , t h e n a t u r e of b a s e s a n d t h e i r d i s t r i b u ti o n ,
Composition is the way of word building when a word is formed by joining two or
more stems to form one word. Compounds are words that are made up of two immediate
constituents and it happens when new words are produced by combining two or more already
existing words from a language, for example: ‘’week – end’’ the words ‘’week’’ and ‘’end’’ are
words that can freely be used separately and have their own meaning, however when you
combine them together you are essential producing a new word that means something else.

3) the lexical meaning of    a compound    word is derived from    +

A compound word's lexical meaning is derived from the combined lexical meanings of its components as well
as the structural meaning of its distributional pattern . It will be recalled that two compound words made up
of lexically identical stems may be different in meaning because of the difference in the pattern of
arrangement of the stems. For example, the meaning of such words as dog-house and house-dog is different
though the lexical meaning of the components is identical. Such word-groups as school grammar and
grammar school are semantically different because of the difference in the pattern of arrangement of the
component words.

4) conversion is ..... +

Conversion has been the subject of a great many linguistic discussions since 1891
when H. Sweet first used the term in his New English Grammar. Various opinions
have been expressed on the nature and character of conversion in the English
language and different conceptions of conversion have been put forward.
conversion is the formation of new words with the help of a zero-morpheme . The
term c o n v e r s i o n , which some linguists find inadequate, refers to the
numerous cases of phonetic identity of word-forms, of two words belonging to
different parts of speech. This may be illustrated by the following cases: work —
to work; love — to love    .    Conversion, an exceedingly productive way of forming
words in Modern English, is treated differently in linguistic literature. Some
linguists define it as a morphological, others as a morphological-syntactic way of
forming words .

5)phraseological    units are habitually    defined as

1-motivated word groups                                                2-non-motivated word groups    +

phraseological word groups are

1-ready-made units    +                                                                  2-are not ready made units

6)classification of phraseological units

As a rule, phraseological units will be classified into three groups: phraseological unit,
phraseological fusions and phraseological collocations. They differ on the bases of
motivation and non-motivation.
Phraseological unities partially non – motivated units, their meaning can, in most cases
be perceived through the metaphorical meaning of the whole phraseological units.
Phraseological fusions on the other hand are completely non motivated   
Word groups, the meaning of the component has no connection with the meaning of
the whole group.
And finally Phraseological collocations are motivated, but they are composed of words
with specific lexical valency, which accounts for some stability in such word-groups. The
variability of member-words in phraseological collocations is strictly limited.

7) there will be some word and    we have to say which phraseological    group does it belong (to show
ones teeth-phraseological unities ) . is it    fussion , unit or coloqeshion . + heavy father - fussion
8)what is difference between    word-groups and phraseological units

word groups are absouletely motivated , there meaning is transparent    , phraseological    units
are non motivated    because some meaning is different from the meanings . unlike
components of free word-groups which may vary according to the needs of
communication, member-words of phraseological units are always reproduced as
single unchangeable collocations. Unlike phraseological units, proverbs, sayings and
quotations do not always function as word-equivalents. They exist as ready-made
expressions with a specialised meaning of their own which cannot be inferred from the
meaning of their components taken singly., free word-groups are only relatively free.
Phraseological units are relatively stable and semantically indistinguishable.

9)procedure of morphemic analysis , analyse the word ...... (unfriendliness)

un-friend-li -ness    .

10)the term native is    conventionally used to denote    words of    which origin    .

anglo-saxon origin

11).(memorandum , conservation    both are latin origin and theatre is greek    )..is a word of    ...............     
origin   

12)whats the difference between idioms and phrasemes

I d i o m s are distinguished from p h r a s e m e s by the idiomaticity of the whole word-group

and the impossibility of attaching meaning to the members of the group taken in isolation.
Idioms are semantically and grammatically inseparable units. In grammatical terms a phrase
is a group of words used to define an expression. An idiom is an expression made by
grouping words together to mean something that is different from the literal meaning of
the phrase or saying. Phrases can be taken literally while idioms are not literal in
their meaning but figurative.

13)what is morpheme    , types of morpheme

morpheme is a two-facet language unit, an association of a certain meaning

with a certain sound-pattern. Morphemes are defined as the smallest indivisible
two-facet language units . morpheme is a meaningful morphological unit of a
language that cannot be further divided Structurally morphemes fall into three
  .

types: f r e e morp h e m e s , b o u n d m o r p h e m e s , s e m i - f r e e ( s e m i -
b o u n d ) m o r p h e m e s . Free morphemes" can stand alone with a specific meaning,
for example, eat, date, weak. "Bound morphemes" cannot stand alone with meaning.
Morphemes are comprised of two separate classes called (a) bases (or roots) and (b)
affixes. Semi-bound ( s e m i - f r e e ) m o r p h e m e s 1 are morphemes that can
function in a morphemic sequence both as an affix and as a free morpheme .

14) 4 criteria (Methods) for differentiating deverbal nouns and denounal(or denominal?) verbs .

Denomenal verbs are verbs converted from nouns . This is the largest group of words
related through conversion. The semantic relations between the nouns and verbs
vary greatly . deverbal nouns are Nouns converted from verbs . The verb
generally referring to an action    . T h e fi r s t c r i t e r i o n makes use of the
non-correspondence between the lexical meaning of the root-morpheme and the
part-of-speech meaning of the stem in one of the two words making up a
conversion pair . T h e s e c o n d c r i t e r i o n involves a comparison of a
conversion pair with analogous word-pairs making use of the synonymic sets, of
which the words in question are members. This is a relatively reliable criterion
only for abstract words whose synonyms possess a complex morphological
structure making it possible to draw a definite conclusion about the direction of
semantic derivation . the next is t h e c r i t e r i o n of s e m a n ti c
d e r i v a ti o n based on semantic relations within conversion pairs.and last
criteria is n e w c r i t e r i o n of s e m a n ti c d e r i v a ti o n for conversion
pairs . It is based on t h e frequency of o c c u r r e n c e in various utterances of
either of the two member-words related through conversion. According to this
frequency criterion a lower frequency value testifies to the derived character of
the word in question.
15)monoradical and polyradical

According to the number of morphemes words are classified into monomorphic and
polymorphic. Monomorphiс or root-words consist of only one root-morpheme, e.g. small, dog,
make, give, etc. All pоlуmоrphiс words according to the number of root-morphemes are
classified into two subgroups: monoradical (or one-root words) and polyradical words, i.e. words
which consist of two or more roots. Monoradical words fall into two subtypes: 1) radical-suffixal
words, i.e. words that consist of one root-morpheme and one or more suffixal morphemes, e.g.
acceptable, acceptability, blackish, etc.; 2)radical-prefixal words, i.e. words that consist of one
root-morpheme and a prefixal morpheme, e.g. outdo, rearrange, unbutton, etc. and 3) prefixo-
radical-suffixal, i.e. words which consist of one root, a prefixal and suffixal morphemes, e.g.
disagreeable, misinterpretation, etc. Polyradical words fall into two types: 1) polyradical words
which consist of two or more roots with no affixational morphemes, e.g. book-stand, eye-ball,
lamp-shade, etc. and 2) words which contain at least two roots and one or more affixational
morphemes, e.g. safety-pin, wedding-pie, class-consciousness, light-mindedness, pen-holder, etc.