UNIVERSITY OF BERGED University Museum of Bergen 1 ICAZ Medieval Period Working Group Meeting 28'".30" September 2022 IC AZ Meevas person WORKING GROUP Book for abstracts lcaz Bymusee.ICAZ seis 88 BERGEN aaa 2022 Organi: ing Committee Veronica Aniceti coordinator ofthe ICAZ MUG Anne Karin Hufthammer Hanneke Farstad Meijer Liselotte Takken-Beijersbergen Olaug Flatnes Bratbak Ramona Harrison Samuel Walker UNIVERSITY OF BERGEN University Museum of BergenUNIVERSITY OF BERGEN University Museum of Bergen ICAZ seis 88 BERGEN aaa 2022 About the Osteological Collections at the University Museum of Bergen The Bergen University Museum is one of the oldest museums in Norway. It was founded in 1825 as Bergens Museum by Wilhelm Frimann Koren Christie, a county court judge and a former President of the Norwegian Parliament. The museum became the foundation of academic research and education in Bergen. As a result of the increasing activity, the University of Bergen was established in 1946. Today, the University Museum of Bergen forms an integral part of the University of Bergen with a focus on research, collection, and public outreach. It consists of the Department of Natural History and the Department of Cultural History. The Osteological Collections are part of the Department of Natural History and include both modern and archaeological skeletal material from Norway and abroad. Our archaeological skeleton collections preserve bone material from archaeological and geological excavations across Norway, ranging in age from the Late Pleistocene to recent times. With material from ca 1700 localities, it is the largest archaeological bone collection in Norway, and one of the largest in Europe. The collections form the basis for our research on Northern European faunal history, paleozoology, paleobotany, archaeology, and Quaternary geology. The modern skeleton collection is one of the largest in Scandinavia. It contains over 15000 skeletal specimens including fish (ca 2000 specimens), birds (ca 4000 specimens) and mammals (over 9000 specimens), and we have an in-house skeleton preparation lab. With a focus on Northern European taxa, our collections are particularly strong in Northern European birds, North Atlantic deep-sea fishes and marine mammals, reindeer, and horses. These collections are not only a fundamental part of the museum's efforts in documenting Scandinavian biodiversity, but also form an excellent comparative collection for zooarchaeological research. Our Zooarchaeology lab rooms contains comparative material of most Scandinavian mammals, birds, and fishes.UNIVERSITY OF BERGEN University Museum of Bergen ICAZ seis 88 BERGEN aaa 2022 Code of Conduct - ICAZ Me Group Meeting 2022 val Period Working We follow the meeting guidelines of the European Association of Vertebrate Palaeontologists, the Palaeontological Association, and of the British Ecological Society, aiming to ensure that everyone who attends the event, in person and online, feels welcome, safe, and comfortable. It is the expectation of the 1 ICAZ Medieval Period Working Group Meeting Organising Committee that meeting attendees behave in a courteous, collegial, correct, and respectful fashion to each other, volunteers, and meeting staff. Attendees should respect common sense rules for professional and personal interactions, public/online behaviour, common courtesy, and respect for property (physical and intellectual) of presenters. Professional, appropriate, and friendly dialogues must be always maintained with all participants. Questions and discussions should be respectful and constructive and focus on ideas rather than individuals. Demeaning, abusive, discriminatory, harassing, or threatening behaviour towards other attendees or towards meeting staff will not be tolerated. If you encounter inappropriate conduct by anyone attending the meeting, please contact Veronica Aniceti (veronica.aniceti@uib.no) Digital images and social media Do not record a talk or photograph/screenshot a poster without the author's express permission. While the default assumption is to allow open discussion of presentations on social media, attendees are expected to respect any request by an author to not disseminate the contents of their talk and/or poster.Day1 INTRO / WELCOME Veronica Aniceti Umberto Albarella Welcome tothe 11CAZ Medieval Period Working Group Mestng! Coffe break Keynote spech The challenge of zooarchaeology: populating the ‘medieval world with animals SESSION 4 / CENTRAL AND NORTHERN EUROPE Ramona Harrison SESSION1 / SOUTHERN EUROPE ‘Abel Gallego-Valle Maria Joio Valente Marcos Garcia-Garcia and Michelle Alexander " Cindy Sarmento Alejandro Valenzuela Moisés Alonso- Valladares Eva Pires Mirko Fecchio SESSION2 / MONASTIC CONTEXTS [Annelise Binois-Roman Fiona Beglane Hanna Kivikero Scales of regional sooarchacology in medieval Ieeland What to do to quench your shee: the use of dental microwear to study {feeding managenient systems inthe northeast of the Tarraconensis during the Late Antiquity Zooarchasology of Gharb al-Andalus: stat ofthe ar regarding animal resources in medieval Islamic southwestern Iberia Bthno-teligious identities and subsistence practices in multicultural {frontier societies of medieval Tera Lunch break ‘An archacogenomic study of medieval Islamic and lat- medieval Christian eatle from the Iberian Peninsula -oeding communusie: productive strategies and consumption patterns inthe medieval vlage of Santa Creu de Rodes (Port de la Selva, Catalunya) “Batng in wartime, Meat consumption inthe mide ofthe southeast erian border between the 13th and 16th centuries Shells consumption in a late madieval coastal town (Almada, Portugal) “Animal management and meat consumption in the early medieval ‘urban context of Rabin Dinka Dokule street (Croatia) ‘The animal economies ofa Cistercian abbey: new insight on fod and parchment production in Morimond Abbey (Haute Marne, france) {from Z00MS and zooarchaeolgy Beaubec: the Irish grange farm ofthe De Bello Becco Abbey in Normandy ‘racing local recourses based on sooarchacoogicl material fom a Franciscan friary a he island of Kokar POSTER SESSION / AUDITORIUM WINE RECEPTION / CAFETERIA choied by Liselotte Takken- 28/09/22 choied by Anne Karin Hufthammer 10,30 choired by Samuel Walker, Veronica Aniceti 10.50 11.20 13.20 13.40 14.00 14.20 14.40 15.30 15.50 16.10 17.00 ICAZ Somme coos BERGEN ata 2022Day 2 29/09/22 SESSION’ / THE BALTICS AND EASTERN EUROPE choired by Anne Karin Hufthammer, Mauro Rizzetto Erika Gat Domestic and hunted animals in the medieval Carpathian Basin 9.00 feats and plagues, preliminary data onthe growing role ofthe ‘Stelta Wikcotove domestic cat during the time of the Bulgarian medieval kingdom 9.20 urtiazeurhytd Fam instore iba a = cab son Urzuatwaszeeuk lent inch fret nit ony inated 1050 asimare Eons Nei ee rome sao ‘Akiyo Herlédant-Kubo Jrncrooen na Hnmition ofc ashandry inmediesah 1130 "W Lunch break CCERVIFIED: a biometrical method forthe identification of European Mauro Rizzetto and archaeological cervid remains (ed deer, fallow deer, re deer), and its Veronica Aniceti potential forthe reconstruction of medieval human fallow deer 13.40 relationships Feeding King and Court food renders, hunting ana feasting at ala Bast angorse Crag, Wales 14.00 Meredith Hood Food and Nerworks in early Medieval Wales: the faunal remains from azo anbedrgoch Continuity and change in medieval and late medieval economies of Julia Cussans Orkney and Shetland andthe effect of socioeconomic change and 14.40 Scotification’ a view from the LIFTE projec. “To the steward a head’ dietary choices and the polite of commensality Ingrid Mainland ee sere ee 15.20 Helene Benkert Curb thy horses bitswar and oral pathos in mada horses 1550 POSTER SESSION / AUDITORIUM 16.0 SOCIAL DINNER | BRYGGELOFTET & STUENE RESTAURANT (Bryggen 11, 5003 Bergen) 19.00 ICAZ seenens Sroe BERCEN ata 2022Day 3 30/09/22 SESSIONS / CENTRAL AND NORTHERN EUROPE choy ees H.Baret Jen alan ig mda ean ade en, efin +.00 Liew. quinlan Aridi stnoi bone fo he North Se ain Ae 320 snes Tara elton ah wet es ace oe Jacqui Mulvitle ‘semblages to understand the pat and uniack fre esearch 9.40 © cara eH lanbenns crue osu bin Sn and Scandinavia to20 Asia nung arin prac dri ety Mile Quentincomtette este nota cit ta) 1050 aeavecupere TheSeerbe are acacia Br nao archaeal uy ofa th cmuy wae ares Sui cate urvinsorven mda 1120 " neh et 1200 POSTERSESSION / AUDITORIUM 13.00 END REMARKS AND FUTURE STEPS OF THE CAZ MW 1320 Day4 1/10/22 GUIDED TOUR / MEDIEVAL BERGEN (th Af Hameed 10.00 GUIDED TOUR / BERGEN UNIVERSITY MUSEUM -RATURAL HISTORY (th Anne Karn Huthammer 13.00 ICAZ seenens Sroe BERCEN ata 2022Oral sessions ICAZ seenens Sroe BERGEN aaa 2022ORAL PRESENTATION / Central and northern Europe 28/09/22 10.30 Ramona Harrison coauTHoRs Associate Professor Department of Archaeology, History, Cultural Studies and Religion, University of Bergen, Norway Scales of regional zooarchaeology in medieval Iceland This paper provides a discussion on marine and terrestrial networks within and beyond medieval Eyjafjord in northeastern Iceland. Results presented are based on the author's long term investigation of the archaeology and archaeofaunal remains from this region. This overview of site chronologies and management of marine and terrestrial animal species addresses how various scales of investigation can provide a multi-faceted understanding of the roles humans, animals, and their environments played in medieval Iceland, And the potential effects on the wider medieval realm. Organized around the archaeology and zooarchaeology at the medieval port site at Gésir, the connected ‘communities and their interactions with the site are investigated. Beyond an overview of the nature of site activities and economies, Iceland's role as exporter of dried fish filets and cloth made from sheep wool is investigated. This is primarily done via an analysis of midden remains associated with 12th to 1sth century farms and fishing stations, landscape surveys, and information gathered during documentation of coastal sites associated with medieval fishing activity that are also under active threat due to the effects of coastal erosion. Sites included are predominantly parts of larg sites discussed began as rescue excavations eroding cultural heritage as possible. interdisciplinary research projects. Most of the fishery an effort to document and preserve as much of the 2o0archacology networks, Medieval iceland, heritage Notes ICAZ seme BERCEN tae 3023ORAL PRESENTATION / Southern Europe 28/09/22 10.50 Abel Gallego-valle co-nurions jeaccat Lidia Colominas, Josep Maria Pet Postdoctoral Research Associate Institut Catal ArqueologiaClissica, Tarragona, Spain What to do to quench your sheep: the use of dental microwear to study feeding management systems in the northeast of the Tarraconensis during the Late Antiquity Feeding animal management systems are an important key aspect in the study of agro-pastoral societies and their livestock practices. They are the method to sustain the domestic herds in order to procure the necessary animal resources for the sustainability of the community. With this ‘communication we want to contribute to this issue, studying feeding animal management systems from three Late Roman sites and two Visigoth sites located in the Northeast of the Iberian Peninsula. To investigate this little-studied topic, we analysed the dental microwear pattern present in sheep and goat molars recovered from each archaeozoological assemblage. This technique allows the characterisation of the last intakes done by the animal. Therefore, the type of cud used by humans to feed their herds during the last days/weeks of an animal's life can be proposed. In order to better understand and interpret the archaeological microwear data, we designed and created the first dental microwear reference collection from domestic sheep and goats through a controlled food trial. The comparison of the archaeozoological data with the reference microwear data, and their contextualization with the current available paleoenvironmental record, allowed to propose different possible strategies used by the Late Roman and Visigothic agro-pastoral communities from the Tarraconensis region to feed their sheep and goats flocks. ivestock, detal microwear, western Mediterranean Notes ICAZ seme BERCEN tae 3023ORAL PRESENTATION / Southern Europe 28/09/22 11.10 Maria Jodo Valente coauTHoRs nmvalente@uale pt ‘Anne France Maurer Auniiary Professor University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal Zooarchaeology of Gharb al-Andalus: state of the art regarding animal resources in medieval Islamic southwestern Iberia Zooarchaeological data from Southwestern Iberia dating from the Islamic period — corresponding to the area of ancient Gharb al-Andalus — is relatively ample, accounting for the study of more than 40 archaeological contexts. These comprise a variety of animal remains (mammals, birds, molluscs, fishes and occasional amphibians and reptiles), which evidence the human-animal relationship from the Sth to the 13th century. In general, their study includes information regarding the abundance of species (and the balance between domesticated animals and wild game), mortality profiles, osteometry (namely for the observation of species improvement), bone modifications by human agency and other taphonomic processes. During the last decade there is also an important body of knowledge and discussion provided by stable isotopic analyses, mostly targeting paleodiets (bone collagen 813C and {815N) but also including mobility questions (tooth enamel 687Sr) In this presentation, we will synthetize what is currently known for animal resources in Gharb al- Andalus, discussing zooarchaeological data within an historical frame, observing variations across time, and between site types (e.g., urban versus rural, with or without military presence) and contexts (structures used as dumps, such as ditches, pits or silos versus residential disposal areas; long timed versus short timed faunal accumulations). We will critically discuss the available data, issues and strengths, aiming for a better interpretation of medieval zooarchaeological contexts, focusing on animal management strategies and food processing behaviours. let, isotopes, conte, historical process Notes ICAZ sees BERCEN tae 3023ORAL PRESENTATION / Southern Europe 28/09/22 11.30 Maite Garcia Collado, Luca Matte, Rowena Banerea Postdoctoral Researcher; Senior Lecturer Guillermo Garcia Contreras Ruiz Aleks Pluskowski University of Alicante Alicante, Spain; University of York, UK Ethno-religious identities and subsistence practices in multicultural frontier societies of medieval Iberia The paper presents the preliminary results of interdisciplinary bioarchaeological research on the multicultural frontier context of the (Re)conquest of Islamic Iberia by Christian Kingdoms during High and Late Middle Ages. This research is part of the AHRC funded project Landscapes of (Re)Conquest: Dynamics of Multicultural Frontiers in Medieval South Western Europe (AH/R013861/1) and focuses on the understanding of animal husbandry, food supply networks and human dietary habits as a proxy of political, sociocultural and economic changes on the frontier through zooarchaeological and isotopic analyses of humans and animals from multiple sites between 10th and 15th CCE. Zooarchaeological study of large fauna assemblages from a number of sites in the province of Guadalajara in central Spain allow us to identify and characterise high status contexts, dumps possibly accumulated by military contingents, and remarkable differences between Islamic, Jewish and Christian periods between and within sites, stressing the cultural significance of food consumption patterns and their potential use for identifying ethnocultural identities. Bulk carbon (613C), nitrogen (615N) and sulphur (5345) stable isotope analyses have been performed on the bone collagen of >300 samples, including domestic mammals, birds and fish in order to obtain a deeper understanding of animal husbandry strategies and food consumption patterns by livestock. Research questions to be addressed through these data include exploring differences in production strategies through time and between ethno-religious communities, differences between food supply networks to cities and castles and the consequences of changes in political rulership in animal husbandry management. zooarchaeology, biomolecular analysis ante, beta, Notes ICAZ seme BERCEN tae 3023ORAL PRESENTATION / Southern Europe 28/09/22 13.00 Cindy Sarmento co-nurions cindysarmento@eibioup pt Sfvia Guimardes, Simon JM. Davis, Ceia Dery, Ana Arruda esearch intern; PAD Candidate Catarina Viegas, Andrea Martins, GiljahM. Kg, S10POLS-C1810-nB10- Centro de nvestgagS0.em Biodiversidadee ‘anders Gthersrim, Nuno A. Fonseca, Recursos Genética, InBiO LaboratéroAssociado, Campus de Vaid, ‘Ana Elzabete Pires, Catarina Gina Universidade do Porto, Vaiéo, Portugal An archaeogenomic study of medieval Islamic and late-medieval Christian cattle from the Iberian Peninsula Iberian cattle are an important pool of genetic diversity that resulted from complex demographic processes. Therefore, they are invaluable in revealing how trading and breeding practices shaped their genomes. Local breeds display diverse mitochondrial and Y-chromosomal lineages, besides the well- established African taurine ancestry also observed in their autosomes. in southern Portugal, there was a significant increase in the size of cattle in the transition from the Medieval Islamic to the late-Medieval Christian period. We used high-throughput sequencing (HTS) data to investigate the population structure of southern Portuguese cattle in these periods. A major aim was to determine if cattle were improved locally or if new stock from neighbouring Mediterranean regions were (also) used. We sub- sampled 23 well-documented cattle metacarpals collected in Alcdgova de Santarém (n = 10; 9th-12th century AD) and Beja (n = 9; 13th-14th century AD). For comparison, we included specimens from the Iron Age (n = 2) and the Roman period (n = 2) collected in Alcdcova de Santarém; and HTS data from the native Portuguese breeds Mirandesa (n = 6), Barros (n = 6) and Mertolenga (n = 6). The endogenous DNA content varied from 0.17% to 43.57%, sequenced to an average depth of coverage that varied from 0.003% to 5.6x, The sex was determined for all specimens and was consistent with the osteometric inferences. The principal components and admixture analyses showed genetic continuity between these past cattle and the extant Mertolenga, a breed raised in the south of Portugal. The mitogenome analysis provided evidence for an early influence of African taurine cattle, preceding the Muslim ‘occupation of this territory. We shall discuss the genetic relationships between these past cattle and southern European breeds to determine if foreign stock was used to improve cattle during the Istamic- Christian cultural transition. catle improvement, cultura transition, archacogenomics Notes ICAZ sees BERCEN tae 3023ORAL PRESENTATION / Southern Europe 28/09/22 13.20 Alejandro Valenzuela co-nurvons Voleta Novella, Montserrat Matar ‘Anna Maia Puig Postdoc imma oll Universitat de les les Blears, Palma, Majorca, Spain Feeding communities: productive strategies and consumption patterns in the medieval village of Santa Creu de Rodes (Port de la Selva, Catalunya) ‘An overview of the zooarchaeological record of the medieval (10th-15th c. AD) village of Santa Creu de Rodes is presented. This site erected at 540 meters above sea level, is located in the municipality of Port de la Selva (Alt Emporda, Catalunya) and is part of the monumental complex of Serra de Rodes, along with the monastery of Sant Pere and the castle of Sant Salvador. Since 2006, the excavations conducted at the site have revealed a walled village with big structures that exceed the dimensions of the usual domestic units. This together with the study of the rich material culture has led us to think that these structures may be related to the pilgrimage to the monastery of Sant Pere de Rodes on the occasion of the jubilees that took place during those centuries. The analysis of faunal remains provides new insights into the productive strategies and consumption patterns of this prosperous place where fairs and markets were held and a heterogeneous community of innkeepers, tailors, bakers, shoemakers, blacksmiths, tavern-keepers, and notaries, among others, offered their services to everyone who arrived, especially to the many pilgrims who went to the monastery. The assemblage mainly comprises faunal remains of domestic mammals, birds and fish. Catalunya village pilgrimage Notes ICAZ seme BERCEN tae 3023ORAL PRESENTATION / Southern Europe 28/09/22 13.40 Moisés Alonso-Valladares coauTHoRs mailcom Silvia Valenzuela-Lamas PhD Student Universiy of Granada, Spain Eating in wartime. Meat consumption in the middle of the southeast Iberian border between the 13th and 16th centuries After the signing of the Treaty of Alcaraz (1243) and Jaén (1246), a border was created between the newly established Nasrid Kingdom of Granada and the Crown of Castille. This territory was a strip of land where particular kinds of settlement and environmental exploitation were established from the mid-13th century to the beginning of the 16th century. This led to the configuration of certain natural resources management practices and, ultimately, to a “border lifestyle” that deeply marked this area due to the strong presence of military contingents in the region. The establishment of troops in the fortified locations and the specific environment management's conditions can be traced from the zooarchaeological record This study shows the conclusions reached through this type of analysis in a series of fortified sites (Luque, Teba, Antequera and Moclin) in the middle of the border between both Kingdoms. It was possible to analyse the stratigraphic contexts from the Almohad (first half of the 13th century), Nasrid (13th ~ 15th centuries) and Christian (16th century) periods, as well as some from the transition stages. Zooarchaeological results have allowed the cultural characterization of each period and can be interpreted as significant indicators of military presence in the area. Faunal assemblages from the studied sites have revealed interesting results concerning consumption and animal interaction patterns, which diverge from the standards in the urban and rural areas at the time. The frequency of wild animals - hunted species - in the diet at the military sites points in this direction, unting, itary, fortified sites, border Notes ICAZ seme BERCEN tae 3023ORAL PRESENTATION / Southern Europe 28/09/22 14.00 Eva Pires coauTHoRs hulp Joo Araijo, Sérgio Rosa, André Texira ‘CHAM - Centro de Humanidades, NOVA/FCSH, Lisbon, Portugal Shellfish consumption in a late medieval coastal town (Almada, Portugal) The archaeological excavations in the Rua Capitdo Leitdo n.°2, Almada (Portugal), revealed the presence of two storage pits, later abandoned and filled with domestic waste during the Late Middle Ages. Ceramic analysis allowed the identification of two deposition moments: the first from the late 13th and th century, and the second between the late 15th and early 16th century. A vast and diverse faunal assemblage was identified, made up of mammals, birds, fish and, especially, shellfish remains. As an urban settlement located between the Atlantic coast and the Tagus River, Almada had easy access to a diversity of marine and estuarine mollusk species. We present the results of the shellfish assemblage analysis, where a total of 21,360 remains were found, corresponding to 8813 individuals distributed through over 30 subspecies. Most of these remains correspond to the town inhabitant’s consumption, with cockles (Cerastoderma edule), mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) and oysters (Ostrea edulis) being the most abundant, as well as clams (Ruditapes decussatus) and razor shells (Solen marginatus). The residual presence of other species, namely sea snails, may be due to shared habitat with the other exploited mollusks. ‘Some of these remains present cut marks associated with consumption, mostly oysters with triangular knife cuts related to the method used to open the shells. The presence of clutches in some individuals, as well as traces of other predator’s damage, gives us data about specific habitats and shellfish exploitation in those periods. archaeozoology, late medieval, urban archaeology Notes ICAZ seme BERCEN tae 3023ORAL PRESENTATION / Southern Europe 28/09/22 14.20 Mirko Fecchio coauTHoRs mitkofeechio@ph PhD Student Universiy of Padus, aly Animal management and meat consumption in the early medieval urban context of Rab in Dinka Dokule street (Croatia) This work presents the results of the zooarchaeological study conducted on the early medieval fauna sample (VI-VIll century AD) recovered during several excavation campaigns (2016-2018), in the urban context of Rab (Croatia). The excavation activities of ancient Arbe have been directed for about a decade by the professor of Medieval Archaeology at the University of Padua in collaboration with the Department of Archaeology of the University of Zagreb to highlight the history of the island under the cultural, residential, social and economic aspects. The investigated faunal assemblage includes a total of 1403 bone fragments, 73% of which, were determined thanks also to the excellent state of conservation of the material. The zooarchaeological analysis made it possible to outline an overall picture of the exploitation of animals during the early medieval phase of site occupation with a focus on the main domestic species (sheep and goats, pigs, and cattle) and the fish resources, which are an essential food resource for the inhabitants of the island. Deer remains are the result of antlers being processed for the creation of tools for daily use. The scarce fragmentation of the remains made it possible to obtain significant osteometric data useful for placing the site, from a zooarchaeological point of view, into the broader spectrum of the early medieval Adriatic Sea. Zooarchaeology, Medieval det, sland of Rab. Notes ICAZ seme BERCEN tae 3023ORAL PRESENTATION / Monastic contexts 28/09/22 14.40 Annelise Roman coauTHoRs annelise binoie roman@uni parish Aurélie Artizzu, Loge Ther, Maitre de conférences (Permanent Lecture] Christophe Wardius, Benoit Rowzeau Université de Paris 1 Panthéon Sorbonne, France The animal economies of a Cistercian abbey: new insights on food and parchment production in Morimond Abbey (Haute-Marne, France) from ZooMS and zooarchaeology Morimond Abbey was founded in 1117 as one of the four great daughter abbeys of Citeaux. The abbey was in its heyday a major center of the Cistercian order and was of primary importance to its spread over Europe; it suffered unfortunately severe war damage in the 16th and 17th centuries, and was finally dismantled during the French Revolution. Today, little remains of its past grandeur, save for its archives that preserve an exceptional wealth of over 1,500 parchment documents dating from the 12th to the 15th century. Excavations have been carried out since 2003 in the hostelry building dating from the mid-12th century, and have unearthed, among other things, a faunal assemblage of ca. 7,500 remains. Our study focuses on furthering our understanding of the animal economies of this Cistercian abbey, and of the ways in which husbandry, food and parchment production were interlinked on such sites. We approach the question by combining two data lines: the traditional zooarchaeological analysis of the faunal assemblage, and species identification by ZooMS (collagen fingerprinting by mass spectrometry) on a selection of ca, 200 archival parchment documents. Additional ZooMS analyses carried out on a sample of ca. 60 Caprinae bones enable us to ascertain the presence of goat among the domestic waste (and, incidentally, to evaluate the robustness of osteological identification criteria) The parchment data show a major rupture in animal use at the turning point of the 12th to 13th century, with a transition from calf to sheep as the dominant species. This transition is explored in our presentation through a variety of factors, and is confronted to the zooarchaeological data. monastic site, 200MS, parchment, diet Notes ICAZ seme BERCEN tae 3023ORAL PRESENTATION / Monastic contexts 28/09/22 15.30 Fiona Beglane co-nurions beplane Lecture of Archaeology (ERS, Atlante Technological Unversity, igo, eland Beaubec: the Irish grange farm of the De Bello Becco Abbey in Normandy The Cistercian foundation at Beaubec (De Bello Becco), in Co. Meath, Ireland, is exceptional among Irish abbeys because its monastic community was under the direct authority of the Abbey of De Bello Becco in Normandy, France. Alien properties such as Beaubec were set up to administer the Irish estates and to send surplus revenue derived from those estates to the mother house in France, and as such it operated as a monastic grange or out-farm. Later, Beaubec was transferred to the control of Furness Abbey in England. The foundation date is not known, however the abbey was extant by 1201, and the former name for the area, ‘Gillekeran/Killekeran’ (church of Ciaran), suggests that it was located at an earlier ecclesiastical site, possibly associated with St Ciarén. The site has yielded archaeology from the Neolithic through to the eighteenth century, including the remains of a large medieval barn and gatehouse, and a substantial quantity of well-preserved animal bone. This paper will present the exciting results of the faunal analysis, putting these results into context by comparison with two nearby sites under the authority of the leading Irish Cistercian abbey at Mellifont: Bective Abbey, c.30km to the southwest, and the Cistercian grange at Stalleen, c.6km to the west. The paper will examine the ways in which the agricultural management of an alien grange differed from one supplying a local mother- house. Itwill also demonstrate how the rule of St Benedict was applied in Ireland, and the ways in which this was adapted to suit local circumstances. Cistercian, monastic grange faunal, management Notes ICAZ seme BERCEN tae 3023ORAL PRESENTATION / Monastic contexts 28/09/22 15.50 Hanna Kivikero coauTHoRs nana kik Postdoc Researcher ‘Stockholm University, Sweden Tracing local recourses based on zooarchaeological material from a Franciscan friary at the island of Kékar The Island of Kékar is situated in the middle of the Baltic Sea in the outer archipelago of the Aland Islands. A Franciscan friary was established on the island in the 15th century. This unusual location was perhaps to serve the traders and seafarers passing by. The zooarchaeological material reveals that livestock, seals, fish and birds were included in the friar’s food supply. Records indicate that the friars were involved in animal husbandry and farming, being the only ones on the island to cultivate land, This, paper aims to investigate the local resources and economy through the wild animal species and fish recovered at the friary. The friars were entitled to a share of cod fished from a nearby fishery, as well as a tenth of every seal caught by the locals. No other species are mentioned in archival records. The zooarchaeological material with its vast number of fish and water bird species witness a marine based economy of the islanders and the seasonal fish and hunt in the Baltic Sea area. Taxation and customs records from the early modern period support the idea of a population dependent on fishing and hunting marine animals with a side-line in animal husbandry. Baltic ea, archipelago, marine animals Notes ICAZ seme BERCEN tae 3023ORAL PRESENTATION / The Baltics and eastern Europe 29/09/22 9.00 Erika Gal coauTHoRs Senior Researcher institute of Archaeolony, Research Centre forthe Humanities, Budapest, Hungary Domestic and hunted animals in the medieval Carpathian Basin This summary paper, based on the analysis of 192 animal bone assemblages mostly unearthed from the two historically largest regions, present-day Hungary and Transylvania (part of present-day Romania), attempts to present the most important results and trends concerning animal hunting and husbandry in the medieval Carpathian Basin.Almost half of these bone materials were found on rural sites that mostly represent the Early Middle Ages (10th-13th centuries). Contrary, the urban assemblages tend to better reflect the Late Middle Ages (from the 14th century to the mid-16th century), while half of the assemblages from high-ranking sites were dated to the Turkish Period (mid-16th to late 17th centuries) The composition of rural assemblages is also the most varied given that they reflect local production. The consumption of horsemeat was also prominent in rural settlements, especially during the 10th- 13th centuries. In urban areas the expansion of poultry could be noted in addition to a largely cattle- based meat supply. Another feature of urbanisation was that the importance of dogs declined, while that of cats increased. The dietary laws of the Jewish, and later Muslim, religion led to an increase of small ruminants in many bone materials, in addition to poultry, and a decrease in the proportion of pigs. The species composition of high-ranking sites is even more differentiated, sometimes reflecting luxury needs and religious rules. Wild animals, including a wide variety of birds, were the most represented in this group, both in terms of quantity and diversity, At the expense of ruminants, pigs, poultry and fish become more common, especially from the late Middle Ages onwards and in church centres. In military castles, the predominance of cattle in combination with small ruminants or pigs indicates a massive supply of meat for the inhabitants. fusbandry, hunting, medieval, Carpathian Basin Notes ICAZ sees BERCEN tae 3023ORAL PRESENTATION / The Baltics and eastern Europe 29/09/22 9.20 Stella Nikolova coauTHoRs stelaikalova9@ gmail.com Master Student University of Sofia, Bulgaria Of cats and plagues, preliminary data on the growing role of the domestic cat during the time of the Bulgarian medieval kingdom While cats are one of the most popular modern pets worldwide and their domestication can be traced back to Ancient Egypt, they were not widely kept in the Balkan peninsula prior to the medieval period (after the 6th century AD). Cats have been widely ignored in Bulgarian zooarchaeological studies and the archaeological context of their finding has never been explored. This study offers the first preliminary analysis of cat remains from several archaeological sites dating from the 10th to the 14th century AD in Bulgaria. All of the remains are currently part of the collection of the Natural History Museum in Sofia. The aim of this presentation is to examine the character of cat deposits in order to discuss if cats received special treatment or if their remains were utilised in pelt production. Attention will be paid to whether or not the majority of cat remains were recovered as articulated or disarticulated and if any taphonomic factors affected their remains (cut marks, gnawing marks, etc.). In addition, an LSI analysis will be carried out to examine the size range of the Bulgarian Medieval cat population in comparison to contemporary individuals and to the native European wildcat (Felis silvestris), which is known to interbreed with domestic individuals. cats, Bulgarian LSI Notes ICAZ seme BERCEN tae 3023ORAL PRESENTATION / The Baltics and eastern Europe 29/09/22 9.40 Aurelija Zagurskyté co-nurions zagurskyte@outlook com Saulus Rumbuts,Hanneke JM. Meer, Pho Student GiedéPiliauskiené,PoilasBlakeviios University of ini, Lithuania Birds in elites’ everyday life in the late 13th-14th c. AD: a case study from Vilnius Lower castle (Vilnius, Lithuania) During 1987-2020 large-scale excavations took place in the territory of Vilnius Lower castle , Lithuania. More than 900m? were excavated, resulting in more than 100,000 faunal bone specimens dating to a wide period in the area, from the 4th century up to the very end of the 19th century. All the material in question was hand collected, with an unusually wide variety and range of wild bird species present. This paper focuses on the most recent excavations in Vilnius Lower castle. Only 22m? were excavated dating to the 15th century, but all the material was sieved. Results were achieved via morphological comparison with extensive modern bird skeleton collections at the University of Bergen and Kaunas Tadas Ivanauskas Museum of Zoology. At least 44 species from 17 families that belong to 9 orders were identified. Galliformes and overall land fowl were the most abundant species. Most of the fowl bones were completely or almost fused, therefore it is most likely that the birds were exploited for meat and eggs. In addition, a considerable part of the Galliformes displayed cut and other marks, indicative of meat processing. This paper explores the role and scale of birds in Vilnius Lower castle while combining historical documentation and zooarchaeological data wild binds, domesticated, meceval castle Notes ICAZ sees BERCEN tae 3023ORAL PRESENTATION / The Baltics and eastern Europe 29/09/22 10.30 Kamilla Pawtowska coauTHoRs koka@amu.ecup Magda Miciak, PatryciaKimowier Professor ‘Adar Mickiewicz University, Poznaf, Poland Poverty in medieval Giecz, Poland: a zooarchaeological perspective Giecz is an archaeological site in central Poland that was one of the most important centers in the formation of the Polish state during the early Middle Ages. Historical records and especially archaeological research indicate that there was a stronghold of great political, economic, and military importance located at Giecz from the second half of the 9th century to the 13th or 14th century. Numerous settlements and cemeteries were located around this stronghold, In recent years, archaeological research at Site 10 has revealed one of these settlements. The materials collected from numerous contexts, including pottery, clay, metal, and stone artefacts, jewellery, and human and animal bones, are sources of data on chronology, demography, and everyday life, and can be employed as indicators of formational and post-depositional processes. In this way we know, mainly from the study of pottery, that the settlement existed between the Sth and 10th centuries, and was therefore contemporaneous with the oldest pre-state development phase of the Giecz stronghold— which highlights its importance in research. This paper will focus on everyday refuse; zooarchaeological and taphonomic analysis of this will allow us to draw conclusions that go beyond the economic and social behaviour of the inhabitants of this medieval settlement. We will consider the status of the inhabitants responsible for the accumulation of this everyday waste. This will be examined by demonstrating the subsistence pattern, choice of food resources, butchery techniques, and age and condition of the slaughtered animals. z00archeology, settlement, medieval, Poland Notes ICAZ seme BERCEN tae 3023ORAL PRESENTATION / The Baltics and eastern Europe 29/09/22 10.50 Urszula lwaszezuk coauTHoRs iksio-pancl ‘Anna Grezak, Slaworir Waéyl Assistant Professor institute of Mediterranean and Oriental Cultures, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland Husbandry in the heart of the forest: animal economy in early medieval Pasym Pasym, an early medieval stronghold located upon the lake Kalwa in the heart of the Masurian forests, was a centre of the local administration. The stronghold was first occupied in the second half of the 7th . Significant thickness of the cultural layers and the extreme density of the archaeological material show that this place had been used for a relatively long time, at least several generations. The radiocarbon dating and relative chronology of artifacts suggest that the site should be dated to late 7th sthe, The remnants of the Pasym stronghold are the only site of this type from the West Baltic zone. Taking into account its geographic location and development, the Pasym stronghold was likely of great social importance for people inhabiting the south-western region of the Masurian Lakeland, and the local communities might have recognized it as their axis mundi. Numerous assemblages of animal remains excavated in 2016-2018 give a genuine opportunity to discuss the animal economy and environmental conditions in the stronghold and its nearest vicinity. The analysis included the animal remains from four dwellings and a waste pit situated within the plateau of the stronghold. The contexts were dated to the 7th-9th century AD. The research confirms intense and unspecialised husbandry of domestic mammals (cattle, pig, sheep and goat) and exploitation of the forest and aquatic resources. Although game animals were not frequent in the material, their remains suggest hunting for meat as well as fur harvesting and obtaining the raw material. Fishing played an equally minor role as hunting; however, the variety of species shows the richness of freshwater fauna in the lake. Among the fish remains, special attention requires the presence of sturgeon, the habitat of which was far away from the stronghold. strongholé, husbandry, hunting, fishing Notes ICAZ seme BERCEN tae 3023ORAL PRESENTATION / The Baltics and eastern Europe 29/09/22 11.10 Luminita Bejenaru coavtnons lumineusicra Lucila acumence imu Vlad Vor, Professor Morgpreta Simin Stone ‘Alexandru loan Cuza University, Faculty of Biology, ai, Romania Mongol Cities in medieval eastern Europe: archaeozoology of Costesti and Old Orhei Sites (Republic of Moldavia) The Golden Horde domination East of Carpathians represented the western periphery of the Mongol Empire. Golden Horde Empire was converted to Islam during the reign of khan Ozbag (1313-1342), including the Mongol cities of Old Orhei and Costesti, as is proved by archaeological evidences (e.g., religious buildings - mosque, coins, funeral inscriptions, objects with Arabic inscriptions, etc.). The Mongol Empire benefited by “the Mongol peace” starting with the first quarter of the 14th century, until the seventh decade of the same century, which favoured the economic development of cities. This study discusses archaeozoological data concerning two Mongol urban sites of the 14th century, of Old Orhei and Costesti, both situated in the Republic of Moldova. Animal remains are described in terms of their frequency, selection by age and sex, body part representation, and butchery patterns. The results show a specialised way of animal exploitation and consumption. The main animal species used in the food economy were sheep/goat (Ovis aries/Capra hircus), cattle (Bos taurus) and horse (Equus caballus), similar to other contemporary Mongol settlements. Hunting records a very low rate during the Golden Horde period; this could be a characteristic of Mongolian big cities. This work was supported by a grant of the Ministry of Research, Innovation and Digitization, CNCS- UEFISCDI, project number PN-III-P4- PCE2021-1180, within PNCDI Il Mongol, Moldova, food economy, archaeozoclogy Notes ICAZ seme BERCEN tae 3023ORAL PRESENTATION / Global medieval zooarchaeology 29/09/22 11.30 Akiyo Herlédant-Kubo co-nurions Pho Candidate institut national des langues etcvsations oientales France The development and distribution of cattle husbandry in medieval western Japan The history of cattle husbandry in Japan before the modern period is still not well known. Indeed, cattle in Japan were mainly used for agriculture and transportation until the beginning of the westernisation of the country. Dairy products were almost banned from the Japanese culinary culture, although there was a kind of cheese reserved for the nobles during the Heian period (794-1185 CE), the early medieval period in Japan. Cattle also had an important role in transportation during this period, especially for the nobles with cattle carts, Gissha #8. To cover the needs, there were cattle husbandry and marketing networks throughout the country. Several places, especially in western Japan, are known to be the best areas for cattle production. The Gotd Hi & Archipelago is quite close to one of the best production areas, one of its istands has long been set aside for pasturage since ancient times. This archipelago also lies on a trade and cultural crossroads between the Chinese continent and the Japanese archipelago. The Ohama site “A 343HBF in Fukue Island of the Gotd archipelago, dated between the 7th and 8th centuries, has allowed the production of some interesting case studies for understanding cattle husbandry in the western region in the early medieval period. It provides us with elements for reconstructing trade networks between the continent and the Japanese archipelago. cattle, ivestock rai, Japan Notes ICAZ seme BERCEN tae 3023ORAL PRESENTATION / Global medieval zooarchaeology 29/09/22 13.20 Mik Lisowski coauTHoRs mrikiso uk HenretteRdland, Tom Fitton, Federica Sulas, Postdoctoral Research Associate Stephanie Wynne Jones, Michelle Alexander BioArCh, University of York, UK Exploitation of local faunal resources in towns of medieval Zanzibar The late first and early second millennia CE in the Swahili coast of East Africa are marked by the growth of urban centres to monumental stone towns with intricate architecture. Research interest in their development has increased in recent decades, but much has to be done to investigate the use of local resources. Data suggest reliance on marine and terrestrial animals varied and that strategies may have changed over time, We explore these trends in the Zanzibar archipelago using a combined biomolecular and zooarchaeological approach to discuss the exploitation of resources at two chronologically distinct, ‘Swahili coastal settlements: Unguja Ukuu (7th-10th centuries CE), which represents the earliest known Iron Age settlement of the archipelago, and a later site (11th-15th centuries CE) located on Tumbatu island. Zooarchaeological analysis of substantial faunal assemblages at both sites reveals differing subsistence practices across different chronologies and locations. At the earlier site of Unguja Ukuu, during the peak of occupation, the exploitation of marine fauna was extensive, while domesticated and wild mammals played a smaller role, highlighting the opportunistic character of human subsistence. The later settlement at Tumbatu, however, displays a different pattern, characterised by a heavier dependence on domestic terrestrial fauna, particularly cattle and caprines. This increase in the reliance on domestic animals over time fits well with the pattern across the region. A multi-isotopic approach is used alongside this zooarchaeological data to provide a deeper understanding of the resource landscape and subsistence changes through time. Carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis provide the first detailed resource isoscape of 2 coastal urban population on the ‘Swahili Coast. Results indicate the use of a range of both C3 and C4 terrestrial resources for food and fodder, with differentiation between browsers and grazers. Marine turtles in particular indicate differential feeding practices. ‘rica, Swahili stable Isotopes urban Notes ICAZ seme BERCEN tae 3023ORAL PRESENTATION / Central and northern Europe 29/09/22 13.40 Mauro Rizzetto and Veronica Aniceti coauTHoRs Postdoctoral Researcher; Postdoctoral Researcher a! Foscari University of Venice; Department of Natural History - Unversity Museum of Bergen CERVIFIED: a biometrical method for the identification of European archaeological cervid remains (red deer, fallow deer, roe deer), and its potential for the reconstruction of medieval human-fallow deer relationships ‘The CERVIFIED project is developing a biometrical method for the identification of red deer (Cervus elaphus}, fallow deer (Dama dama), and roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) bone remains. The method relies on the collection of biometrical data from modern specimens of known species, in order to identify shape and size indices capable of separating the groups of red deer, fallow deer, and roe deer values; in turn, values from archaeological cervid remains can be plotted to attempt identification. The combination of shape and size indices analyses represents an important advantage. Red deer is larger than fallow deer, which in turn is larger than roe deer, the body size of these three species overlapping and varying substantially in time and space. Therefore, size alone cannot be used to separate the species; however, it can be used to enhance the separation provided by shape indices. Such biometrical approach relies on more objective separation criteria than visual morphological identification; the method would also produce graphs, which can be directly scrutinised in publications. Alternative identification methods, such as aDNA analyses, can be very effective but are constrained by severe cost limitations and are destructive; ZooMS provides a cheaper alternative, but the peptide mass fingerprints of red deer and fallow deer are too similar to attempt separation. Further advantages provided by a biometrical approach, therefore, are ultimately reflected by the low-tech nature of the method, which makes it easy to apply in any circumstances and extremely accessible and inclusive. The new method is expected to contribute substantially to the study of past fallow deer zoogeographies, especially with regard to the Roman period and the Middle Ages, when this animal was introduced by humans from southern/south-eastern Europe and Anatolia to central and northern Europe. European cervids fallow deer, Middle Ages, biometry, taxonomic identification Notes ICAZ seme BERCEN tae 3023ORAL PRESENTATION / Central and northern Europe 29/09/22 14.00 Julia Best coauTHoRs rditac.ak Jacqui Muville, Adrienne Powell Lecturein archaeology Department of chaeology and Conservation, School of History, ‘Archaeology and Religion, Univesity of Cardi, UK Feeding King and Court: food renders, hunting and feasting at Llangorse Crannog, Wales Llangorse Crannog is a gem in the crown of Welsh archaeology. This royal site, associated with the kings of Brycheiniog, was in use between 890 and 916 AD before being burnt to the ground. Excavation revealed a rich array of artefacts including a substantial animal bone assemblage, which is currently the largest analysed assemblage in Wales of this date. With bone preservation being poor in many areas of Wales, this is a valuable resource. The zooarchaeological assemblage contains an unusually high frequency of wild animals, in particular red deer (Cervus elaphus), alongside key domestic species such a pigs, cattle and sheep/goats. Some species have distinct sections of the body represented, whilst the age profiles indicate that Llangorse was a consumer site. The animal bone has given an incredible insight into hunting targets and kill sharing, as well as shedding light on the wider provisioning of the site, including the probability of renders - gifted food. When analysed alongside the Welsh law-books such as Cyfraith Hywel (the Law of Hywel) this site provides a unique window into hunting, herding, feasting, kingship and social hierarchy. This allows investigation of status, display and sustenance in Early medieval Wales, and can also reveal how different groups used the animal resources to negotiate power and identity. Wales, hunting, provisioning, deer, pigs Notes ICAZ seme BERCEN tae 3023ORAL PRESENTATION / Central and northern Europe 29/09/22 14.20 Meredith Hood coauTHoRs PhD Student Cardiff University & Amgueddta Cymru - National Museum Wales, UK Food and Networks in Early Medieval Wales: the faunal remains from Llanbedrgoch The early medieval period in Wales (5th-11th centuries AD) was a formative period in the creation of Welsh identity. Unfortunately, however, the acidic nature of most Welsh soils means that large animal bone assemblages from this period are few, and knowledge of food systems has been restricted by limited texts and datasets. Excavations at the enclosed settlement of Llanbedrgoch on Anglesey (1994-2012) produced the largest archaeological assemblage of faunal remains within dated sequences from early medieval Wales (over 50,000 fragments). By the 9th century, this site had developed into an economic centre evidenced by significant bone and antler working and a rich artefact assemblage demonstrating cultural influences from Ireland, northern Britain and continental Europe. This paper will present the progress of ongoing PhD research centred on the analysis of the previously unstudied Llanbedrgoch animal bone assemblage. This project aims to explore how food consumption in the kingdom of Gwynedd compared in character to that of its neighbours, and to widen our understandings of early medieval diet and farming systems in the North Wales-Irish Sea region. it will also examine how human/animal interactions impacted on development, identity, health and social structure within early Welsh kingdoms. Zooarchaeological analyses of several key contexts will be presented, and future research goals of the project will be outlined, ceary-Meieval, Wales, Lanbedrgoch, det, husbandry Notes ICAZ sees BERCEN tae 3023ORAL PRESENTATION / Central and northern Europe 29/09/22 14.40 Julia Cussans coauTHoRs PORA Universiy ofthe Highlands and sands, Orkney, UK acuk Jennifer Harland, ingrid Mainland Continuity and change in medieval and late medieval economies of Orkney and Shetland and the effect of socio-economic change and Scottification: a view from the LIFTE project. Looking In From The Edge (LIFTE) research project is a joint venture between UHI, University of Lincoln, Deutsches Schifffahrtsmuseum (German Maritime Museum) and the University of Tubingen. The project studies the impact of international commercialization on production, commerce and consumption in Orkney and Shetland between 1468-1712. As part of a multidisciplinary team the authors are synthesising and analysing biological information from published, grey literature and original datasets. A.significant part of which are zooarchaeological data, including mammal, bird, fish and marine mollusc remains. To understand the changes brought about by the international commercialization of the post medieval period our project has extended its data analysis back into the Viking, Late Norse and later medieval periods to understand the baseline economy prior to the LIFTE project time period. The Late Norse and later medieval periods were subject to a number of socio-political changes and pressures. The Earldom of Orkney passed from Norwegian to Scottish hands around 1232 and, although their allegiance remained with the Norwegian crown, it seems likely that a process of Scottification would have begun around this time. The Black Death ravaged the islands in 1349 and even before this there is likely to have been economic decline, with a decreasing population and deteriorating climate. By the late medieval period there was a change in the taxation and rental system, brought about by Lord Henry Sinclair in 1492, which lessened the emphasis on butter and increased the use of grain and other products as part of the skat (payment in butter or other produce to the earldom or bishopric estates). All these changes are likely to have had influences on land use and animal husbandry and will be examined through analysis of the collated zooarchaeological datasets, via frequency density analysis and other methods, (Orkney, Shetland, Scotfication, husbandry, butter Notes ICAZ seme BERCEN tae 3023ORAL PRESENTATION / Central and northern Europe 29/09/22 15.30 Ingrid Mainland co-nurions ingrid mainiand@uhi.ac.uk Professor Univesity ofthe Highlands and sands, nveress, UK ‘To the steward a head’: dietary choices and the politics of commensality in medieval Scotland For the chieftain-based societies of Northern and Western Scotland during the Medieval period (c. 800-1500AD), food was more than mere sustenance. Rather dietary choices were used to define and manipulate identity and shape power politics through the control of food production and processing, the practice of taxation in kind (food renders), by limiting access to hunting or wildfowling and most significantly through commensality (the eating together and sharing of food) in the form of conspicuous consumption at feasting events. In these societies, the chieftain hosted communal gatherings but also had the right to be fed by his substantial ‘vassals. Communal feasts hosted by leading men, and ‘occasionally women, in the West and North of Scotland were not only a demonstration of wealth and capacity for hospitality, and by extension a reflection of their ability to protect and provide for their communities but will also have served to demonstrate an individual's status within the community and create ties of obligation and reciprocity within and between those invited. This paper will explore how zooarchaeological evidence can add to our understanding of the role and significance of food and feasting in Medieval Scotland, taking as a case study faunal assemblages from recent excavations at elite residences in Argyll, in the West of Scotland, including Dunyvaig Castle, a naval fort for the Lords of the Isles (the MacDonalds) during the 14-16thth centuries AD and Tarbert Castle, which was established as a royal castle and burgh in the 12th century and occupied until the 17th century AD. Comparison will be made with feasting behaviour and dietary traditions documented in the Medieval Earldom of Orkney, which at this time was also essentially a chieftain-based society but with a greater degree of ‘Scandinavian than Gaelic or Scottish influence. food, feasting, Scotland Notes ICAZ sees BERCEN tae 3023ORAL PRESENTATION / Central and northern Europe 29/09/22 15.50 Helene Benkert coauTHoRs bsso@ereter Katherine Kanne PhD Student Universi of Exeter, UK Curb thy horses: bit wear and oral pathologies in medieval horses Despite the importance of horses to transportation, warfare, and identity throughout the medieval world, there has been limited discussion of the zooarchaeological correlates of bitting and bridling of medieval horses, or bitwear. The mouthpiece of the bit can cause abrasions and pathologies on the first premolars (lower P2s), the diastema and palate of the horse. From illuminated manuscripts and ‘equestrian treatises, surviving bits in museum collections, to archaeological finds, medieval curb bits are often elaborate pieces of metal work, with lavish decorations to show off the wealth of the rider. ‘Surprising to modern equestrians and medieval scholars in their complexity, the ways in which these bits function is not entirely clear. This paper presents bitwear, dental and oral abnormalities, found in horses from the medieval Warhorse project, including several high-status sites in England and in continental Europe. Informed by historical images, existing bits, and reproductions, we describe how these bits would have worked in the horses’ mouths, and how they would have resulted in the pathologies observed in the samples. Other potential causes for pathology are discussed including malocclusion, nutrition, behaviour, and feeding practices. Considering both the (zoo)archaeological and equestrian perspectives, this paper explores how different bits and riding styles, and types of husbandry may affect tooth wear and oral pathologies in medieval horses. horses, bitwear, pathology, riding, veterinary Notes ICAZ seme BERCEN tae 3023ORAL PRESENTATION / Central and northern Europe 30/09/22 9.00 Jen Harland coauTHoRs fen harland@ubi.acuk Lecturer Univers ofthe Highlands and sands, Invemess, UK Fishing in medieval Scotland: trade, urbanisation, Scottification Scotland has a long maritime history and prehistory, with distinctive island archipelagos, a deeply indented coastline, and numerous rivers rich with migratory fish. This paper will use the archaeological bone record to investigate how people have interacted with fish in medieval Scotland, using a broad definition of 500-1500 CE. This chronology thus encompasses some of the Scottish post-Roman late Iron Age, the extensively excavated Viking Age/Late Norse periods, and the final centuries of the medieval period. Using a dataset of all the published and accessible grey literature reports from Scotland, data will be analysed using estimated frequency distributions and mapped to explore temporal and regional variation. Questions will address fish avoidance in the final centuries of the late Iron Age, the nature of intensive marine resource use in the Viking Age and Late Norse periods, increasing urbanisation in southern Scotland, and the changes associated with final centuries of the medieval period: climate deterioration, the Black Death, and the increasing ‘Scottification’ of Scotland’s Northern and Western Isles. Fish preservation and trade is well understood from the centuries of intensive fishing in the Northern Isles during the ‘Fish Event Horizon’ of the 11th and 12th centuries, but what happens elsewhere during this time? And what happens afterwards, when the Northern Isles become oriented away from Scandinavia and towards Scotland? This paper will explore temporal trends in fishing and fish consumption, emphasising when, how, and why our relationship with the sea and the riverine environment has changed through time. fish, trade, quantification Notes ICAZ seme BERCEN tae 3023ORAL PRESENTATION / Central and northern Europe 30/09/22 9.20 LizM. Quinlan co-nurions izquinlan@york ack David Orton, Michele Alexander, Jennifer Harland PHD Researcher Univesity of Yor, UK A review of medieval salmonid bone from the North Sea Basin Area The Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) has played various roles in human diet and culture across its range in Northwestern Europe for at least 40,000 years. Documentary sources discussing the use and management of Atlantic salmon are found in legal statutes, tax records, financial accounts, cookery books, and scientific treatises. Despite the apparent popularity and abundance of salmon within the diet, cuisine, and economy of medieval NW Europe, the archaeological record does not, at first glance, appear to reflect the same abundance. Compared to other fish species exploited across the North Sea basin area, relatively few salmonid bones are recovered from archaeological sites~ even those with otherwise excellent bone preservation. Reviews of medieval fisheries report that declines in Atlantic salmon populations were noted by fishers, administrators and medieval scholars between the 8th to Lath centuries in North Sea basin countries like France, the Netherlands, and Scotland. in order to address the question of Atlantic salmon presence in the archaeological record, fish bone data was comprehensively reviewed, looking at presence/absence, site types, collection methods, and other metrics. This dataset contains 1270 archaeological contexts, from 410 individual archaeological sites excavated in 8 modern-day European countries, spanning the period from 500-1500AD. In this paper we present the results of our review, tracing the rise and fall of Atlantic salmon presence on archaeological sites and comparing the individual trend in exploitation of this species to overall fishing trends of the medieval period. We discuss identification of Atlantic salmon, as well as its place within the proposed 1oth-century “fish event horizon” and subsequent observed explosion in marine fish exploitation in much of the study region. Finally, we call for an increase in interdisciplinary study of this key archaeological species, combining biomolecular, zooarchaeological, and historical research to better understand medieval fisheries across a wide geographic area. zooarchaeology, salmon, North Sea Notes ICAZ seme BERCEN tae 3023ORAL PRESENTATION / Central and northern Europe 30/09/22 9.40 Jacqui Mutville co-nurions arditac.ak sally vans Professor of Soarchaeology Department of Archaeology and Conservation, School of History, ‘Archaeology and Religion, Univesity of Cardi, UK Marine exploitation in the western Isles: characterising cetacean bone assemblages to understand the past and unlock future research With over 700 offshore isles, the deep human history of insular Scotland is a dynamic example of biocultural interactions. Archaeological sites from this region hold a wealth of remains of past marine exploitation which include large collections of cetacean material. Until recently the fragmentary nature of most cetacean bone assemblages, coupled with the absence of morphological guides, has precluded detailed analysis. However, the advent of new analytical techniques such as Zooarchaeology by Mass ‘Spectrometry and our development of morphological guides have provided new routes to understand the exploitation of cetaceans in these insular locations. The paper presents the results of recent research into cetacean exploitation from pre-Norse and Norse settlements in the Western Isles of Scotland and examines changes in cetacean use and procurement over time. These sites reveal a changing focus on species and elements within the different sites, and this information is used to draw conclusions on how and why cetaceans were acquired and exploited. Drawing on this evidence we consider the importance of characterising the archaeological resource of marine mammals. The potential contribution that zooarchaeology can make to cetacean studies will also be discussed and we consider how this data can contribute to managing cetacean species today and in the future. Cetacea, Scotland, Norse islands Notes ICAZ seme BERCEN tae 3023ORAL PRESENTATION / Central and northern Europe 30/09/22 10.30 lan Dennis coauTHoRs ditt 2ciuk Jacqui Muti Lecture Department of Archaeology and Conservation, School of History, ‘Archaeology and Religion, Univesity of Cardi, UK Craftwork: osseous tools in Scotland and Scandinavia Items of worked bone/antler are common across space and time and are beautifully preserved within the medieval assemblages of the Hebridean Islands. Their use, reuse and disposal of osseous artefacts can shed light on the entire range of human actions, whether employed as objects of play, of creation or capture. In combining the essence of animals, landscapes, technologies and ‘being marked’ they can bring entire past worlds to light. Understanding the choice of resources, the processes of creation and the use and disposal of osseous items analysis reveals the material and non-material aspects of these artefacts and the people who interact with them. This paper examines a series of artefacts from the Norse settlements excavated on the isle of South Uist, Outer Hebrides and reflects on how the creation/selection of these artefacts embody both a detailed ‘comprehension of the physical properties of osseous materials and the innate properties of the animal and body part selected. We will discuss how standardisation (or variation) in production sequences, tool kits and osseous media can shed light on learning, ‘know how’ and the development and transference of complex production technologies across different communities of practice and materials over time and space. The links between Scandinavian and Scottish osseous artefacts will be highlighted and the potential for these artefacts to reinvigorate crafts, communities and creativity in the present day explored artefacts, anter, medieval, tools Notes ICAZ seme BERCEN tae 3023ORAL PRESENTATION / Central and northern Europe 30/09/22 10.50 Quentin Goffette co-nurvons aot ences be Sophie de Bemardy de Sigoyer, Catherine Peters, Archaeozoologist Wim Wouters Royal Belgian Insitute of Natural Sciences, Bruxelles Belgium Animal consumption and herding practices during the early Middle Ages across the modern city of Huy (Belgium) Since the 1990s, the modern town of Huy, located at the borders of the river Meuse (Liége province, Belgium), has undergone several preventive archaeological excavations in the context of urban development. Each of these excavations brought to light numerous traces of human activity, mainly from the medieval period. A publication project aims to bring together the numerous data collected over the last 30 years through this substantial fieldwork, which leads to close cooperation of many specialised disciplines, including archaeozoology. A major effort invested in the study of the ceramics made it possible to provide a fine chronological phasing allowing a more in-depth diachronic analysis. The rich archaeological material uncovered includes more than 50,000 animal remains, both collected by hand and by sieving, Although the faunal material collected ranges chronologically from the late Roman period to the early modern period, we will focus mainly on remains attributed to the Early and High Middle Ages, periods that are well represented. The sites analysed are scattered on both banks of the river, some of them are present close to the primitive core of the town, while others represent peripheral craft areas. The study of these different settlements makes it possible to illustrate the food practices and meat supply strategies since the redeployment of the core of human occupation in the early medieval period. Belgium, Merovingian, Carlingian archaeozoology food Notes ICAZ seme BERCEN tae 3023ORAL PRESENTATION / Central and northern Europe 30/09/22 11,10 Bea De Cupere coauTHoRs Julie Timmermans, Valérie Ghesquiére Researcher Ral Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, rules, Begum The Senne river as a waste collector of 14th-15th century Brussels. Within the historic center of Brussels, excavations on a surface of almost 6000 m2 revealed the well preserved remains of a medieval port on the Senne river. This watercourse is inextricably linked with the origin and development of the city. Continuous occupancy at this location is documented from the 10th century onwards. The banks of the river were gradually built in the 12th century, and in the 14th-15th century the river was canalised, as shown by a stone quay wall, and provided with a boat dock. The ‘Senne river played an important role in the local social and economic development. Numerous objects made from all kinds of materials were collected on the east bank and from the riverbed, witnessing daily life and activities on and near the water. Finds include fish traps, sloop parts, leather shoes and accessories, pottery, pilgrim badges, daggers, etc. In addition, a huge amount of animal remains have been hand collected and a large volume of sediment samples was taken for, among others, archaeozoological research. This presentation will mainly focus on the study of the hand-collected faunal material. The majority of the studied finds come from the channelled riverbed of the Senne river and consists largely of the remains of the classical domestic animals (cattle, sheep, pig), poultry and fish, which contributed to the food supply, and animal carcasses that were discarded; waste from artisanal activities (horn, bone and antler processing) was also thrown into the river. Altogether, the river acted as a large waste bin for urban rubbish. The material from this site will be confronted with other contemporaneous faunal assemblages from Brussels. Brussels, riverine assemblage, waste management Notes ICAZ seme BERCEN tae 3023ORAL PRESENTATION / Central and northern Europe 30/09/22 11.30 Aurelia Borvon coauTHoRs borve Archacoroologst ‘vSekn ~Archéologieenvizonnementale, UMR 7041 Maison de sarchéologie et de'Ethnologie, Nanterre, France; ONIAIS (Ecole Nationale Vétérnate, Aroalimentaire et deAlimentation, Nantes Atlantique) Zooarchaeological study of a 14th century waste area at Suscinio castle (Morbihan, France) Archaeological excavations carried out since 2013 at Suscinio castle (Sarzeau, Morbihan, France) have revealed large quantities of bone remains, in particular from a waste area (US 2184) located in the courtyard and dating from the 14th century. This layer was entirely removed (~ 480 liters) and sieved in order to collect the smallest faunal elements such as ichthyological remains. A total of approximately 11,000 bone remains were excavated. Just over 1,700 have been identified. They belong to mammals, birds and fish. A dozen domestic and wild mammal taxa have been recognized. Cattle bones are the most numerous, followed by pigs. Wildlife remains are quite numerous (more than 4%). The presence of fallow deer and porpoise is also worth mentioning, The avian bones correspond mainly to chickens, but various wild species have also been recognized (ducks, partridges, woodcock, etc). Among ichthyological remains, more than 25 taxa have been identified, mainly marine species. Hake is particularly well represented, as are rays and sharks. The labridae family (wrasses) is also fairly present. Most of identified specimens stem from commonly eaten species. The diversity, especially in the case of fish, and the strong presence of hunted game - mammals as well as birds - enable us to characterize the consumers as being of a high social status. castle, 14th century, West of France Notes ICAZ sees BERCEN tae 3023PostersPOSTER / Central and northern Europe Luminita Bejenaru coavtnons lumineusicra ingle Oanu Margareta Smina Stone Professor Alexandru loan Cuz Unversity, Feat of Biology, as, Romania Noviodunum Fortress (Tulcea County, Romania): diacronical archaeozoological data The work analyses archaeozoological remains originating from the Noviodunum fortress in South- Eastern Romania, Tulcea County, where archaeological research indicates an extensive civil settlement with Roman and Medieval levels, but also few Getic discoveries. Animal remains are described in terms of their frequencies based on the number of identified specimens and on the minimum number of individuals. The archaeozoological data highlight a preference for domestic mammals (cattle, sheep/ goat, pig), but also for wild mammals and fish. A summary of archaeozoological studies in different sites, of Noviodunum fortress shows variation in the assemblages. The evolution of the Noviodunum fortress involved not only a general stability in the subsistence strategy but also changes described in terms of animal components of diet. Generally, the settlement economy was based on domestic animals (e, cattle, sheep/goat and pig) and, probably, on cultivated cereals (e.g. wheat, barley and rye). Considering the three periods, Getic, Roman and Medieval, variability among the frequency of domestic species has been found. The indigenous dietary pattern in the Getic period is one of high pig percentages, and after the Roman Conquest, the relative percentage of cattle increases. Later, in Middle Ages, there is another change marked by a high frequency of sheep/goat. Regarding the hunting and the preference for forest, and forest-edge wild species, no significant differences were identified between the three periods. We could consider that the landscape around the fortress, with wooded large areas, has remained unchanged during these periods. This work was supported by a grant of Ministry of Research, Innovation and Digitization, CNCS - UEFISCDI, project number PN-III-P4-PCE-2021-1180, within PNCDI Ill. South-Eastern Romania, economy, landscape Notes ICAZ seme BERCEN tae 3023POSTER / Central and northern Europe Roman coauTHoRs univ pari, Louise Ther, AurdiaBorvon Annelise Annelise. Binoie-Ror Maitre de conférences (Permanent Lecture] Université de Paris 1 Panthéon Sorbonne, France The ghost deer: new evidence for fallow deer (Dama dama) presence in medieval France Although paleontological evidence testifies to the presence of the fallow deer in mainland France predating Pleistocene glaciations, it is currently accepted that the ice ages wiped out the species, and that the extant populations of free-roaming fallow deer in France are exclusively descended from hunting releases and park escapees from the 19th and 20th centuries. But is the presence of the fallow deer in the French landscape truly a recent development? Occasional archaeological finds of Roman-period fallow deer bones have been reported since the 1970's, and have been interpreted as the remains of captive animals, having left no posterity in the environment. Similarly, the only reported find of early medieval fallow deer, an antler, was thought to have been imported as a body part. Recent finds, however, call this narrative into perspective: medieval remains of fallow deer dating to the 12th to 14th centuries have since 2015 been identified on six new archaeological sites, with a total NISP of over 50 specimens. An exploration of textual sources moreover, provides ample evidence that game parks populated with fallow deer were relatively popular among the elite in the later Middle Ages. So was the fallow deer present all along, and is increasing awareness of the species contributing to better identifications? This poster presents this new zooarchaeological evidence of fallow deer in medieval France, and speculates both on the origin and the posterity of these animals. fallow deer, France, species dstrbution Notes ICAZ sees BERCEN tae 3023POSTER / Central and northern Europe ror Master Student Universiy of Reading, MOLA-Headland Infrastructure, UK Can geometric morphometrics enhance our understanding of pig diversity, husbandry, and economic models of Southern England during the transition from the Roman and Early Medieval period? The Roman period (AD 43-410) to Early Medieval period (AD 410-1066) transition in Britain, especially during the Sth century, is characterised by significant shifts in economic patterns such as decreasing pig consumption and a break from the established Roman trade networks. The introduction of new peoples and animals were instrumental in these formative changes, and have carried ramifications for the make- up of these communities in Britain today. This paper will focus on one species category, pigs (suids), in Southern England to examine these shifts from the Roman to the Early Medieval periods. Pigs have been recognised across Europe to be strongly associated with the Roman empire, with high levels of pork consumption a noted cultural element, and the industry playing a significant economic role. in the Post-Roman period there was a noticeable drop- off in their representation. Alongside more conventional osteometric analyses, geometric morphometrics (GMM) have proven to be an effective tool in measuring long-term transformations and variability in pig populations, as demonstrated in Iron Age and Roman Gaul, where distinct economic zones could be identified and herd variation linked to factors including a site's economic function resource base where apparent. This research aims to identify variation in pig tooth morphology as a means of understanding long-term trends in husbandry during the transitional Roman-Medieval period in Southern England, To this end, osteometric data from the Al4 rural landscape assemblages was obtained alongside ‘geometric morphometric analysis of pig teeth with the aim of differentiating between groups within the assemblages. This data was statistically analysed within R, and visual representations of the trends in the pig variation created and contextualised within wider patterns of cultural change seen through patterns of livestock farming and animal consumption in Britain. Pig, geometric morphometries, Saxon, Roman Notes ICAZ seme BERCEN tae 3023POSTER / Central and northern Europe Marion Conan coauTHoRs smali.com ‘Thomas-Alois Gerardi, Auréien Plot PhD Student Universit Parisi Panthéon-Serbonne, France Carpology applications on archaozoological remains interpretations - the case of Epéne (France) excavation During the medieval (merovingian and carolingian times) excavation of Epéne (Yvelines, France) which happened on two different area of 1200 and 5300 square meters in 2020, 866 structures were discovered. Mainly pithouse and post-hole buildings Were also find, in the site, pigs, oxen and goat bones, with cuttinf traces and young slaughtering ages. However no animal living place or livestock farming activities areas has been identified for now. An unidentified building accosiate with a hollow masonry structure of pool type was also discovered. Study still in process. If we look at carpologicals study, we found a large cereal quantity link to white flour bread production ‘on each site samples excepted those made in this unidentified building. Samples made in an associated pit, provided a large plants spectre link to animal fodder, with the possible presence of exclusively gaot feeding taxa, A parasitological study is also expected for this building Those data, correlated with historical informations that show the importance of animal husbandry in the Epdne region and also the presence of fees which must be provided in white breads, highlight the importance of interdisciplinarity and exchanges between botanists and zoologists for identify activities and livestock life place in absence of any specific archaeological artifact. french excavation, carpology, animal husbandry Notes ICAZ seme BERCEN tae 3023POSTER / Central and northern Europe Professor of Anthropology and Director of Undergraduate Studies New York University Comparing Urban Provisioning at Early Medieval Antwerp, Belgium and Middle Saxon, Ipswich, UK The development of early medieval towns in northern Europe has interested both archaeologists and historians since the days of Henri Pirenne in the early twentieth century. Large-scale urban excavations that have been carried out in advance of urban redevelopment have yielded rich faunal assemblages that can inform us about the ways in which early medieval towns were provisioned with meat and other animal products. Recent excavations at the Burcht sites and the Gorterstraat site have shed new light on the economy and environments of early medieval Antwerp. Multiproxy environmental data have recently been published for the Burcht sites, dating to the eighth-tenth-centuries and located inside the early medieval wall. This poster will compare these data to the animal bone information from the tenth- century and later Gorterstraat site that is located just outside the early medieval wall. Differences between the two sites, including differences in hunting and fish consumption, can shed light on changes in Antwerp's economy and environment between the eighth and the tenth centuries CE. The data from the Burcht sites will then be compared with the contemporary (8th-9th century CE) zooarchaeological data from the early urban site of Ipswich, Co. Suffolk, UK. The faunal data from Ipswich were recovered between 1974 and 1988, but they have been recently published (Crabtree, P. , 2021, Provisioning Ipswich: Animal remains from the Saxon and Medieval town), Antwerp, Ipswich, urban provisioning, urban archaeology Notes ICAZ seme BERCEN tae 3023POSTER / Central and northern Europe (Olga Tojénkovs, Petr Limburs Researcher (achaeozool0gy) Laboratory of rchacobotany and Palaeoecolony, Universiy of South Bohemia, Ceské Buddjovice, Czech Republic The vanished town of Most: animal husbandry practices in the Middle Ages The medieval town of Most (13th-14th century) was located in the foothill region of the Ore Mountains in the north-western part of Bohemia (Czech Republic). The development of Most, which belonged to the royal towns, was influenced by its position in an agrarian region, linked with the food supply to mining areas in the Ore Mountains. The site was destroyed because of brown-coal open-cast mining. Therefore, faunal material, which had been obtained before mining began in the 1970s and early 1990s, provides a unique source of information on animal management, the medieval landscape, and the change in the economic development of the town. For our research, the assemblage of animal bone remains excavated on an urban plot adjacent to house No. 226 was chosen. The archaeozoological data as the age-at-death structure of the cattle, domestic pigs and caprines suggested that the residents of the town of Most were likely self-sufficient in animal husbandry (the farm-household model) at least to some extent. The conclusion of archaeozoological analysis was subsequently combined with the results of stable isotope analyses (613Ccol, 515Ncol, 5180ap 613Cap). The different aspects of animal husbandry in terms of slaughtering patterns, dietary and feeding regimes, pasture possibilities, and the seasonality of birth of the livestock preserved in archaeozoological records indicate that various management strategies were applied. This conclusion could be influenced by the fact that the market economy in the Middle Ages was developed and therefore different sources of the animals were used. animal management, town, Middle Ages Notes ICAZ seme BERCEN tae 3023POSTER / Central and northern Europe Adam Markham coauTHoRs aka ingrid Mainland, Siobhan Cooke Miller PhD Student Universi ofthe Highlands and Islands Archaeology institute, Orkney, Scotland, and Deputy Director for Climate and Energy, Union of Concerned Scientists, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA, The special role of gannets in mind and economy in Viking Age and Late Norse Scotland. Seabirds were socially, culturally and economically important in Scotland throughout prehistory, from the Mesolithic and into the modern era. For the of the Viking Age and Late Norse period In Orkney and the Outer Hebrides the northern gannet (Morus bassanus) is the seabird species most commonly found in avian assemblages. Large, visually arresting and only coming to land during the breeding season at a small number of remote, hard to access colonies, gannets were valued for their meat, feathers, fat, eggs and bones. Gannets probably required dangerous multi-day fowling expeditions, as well as seafaring and climbing skills to catch in any numbers. However, where gannets were procured, and how their past distribution may have been different from today, remains a core question for interpreting avian assemblages at settlement sites in the Scottish Islands. if gannet populations were larger in the past, and colonies more ‘common and closer to settlements, some assumptions about where they were acquired may need to be re-examined The submission presents research which reviews and discusses past distributions of gannets in relation to Viking Age and Late Norse assemblages of bird bones in Orkney and the Western Isles. It also presents a heuristic model of human-gannet interactions to help better understand the various roles gannets may have played in Norse Scotland. By virtue of their economic and social value, difficulty of procurement and perceived agency, gannets likely played a special role in Viking Age and Late Norse physical and psychological life - one that may have been unique among seabirds. Norse, viking, Scoiand, Birds, human-bird relations Notes ICAZ seme BERCEN tae 3023POSTER / Central and northern Europe Nemanja Markovié co-nurvons nemamatkovie@gmalcom Bruce Rothschild, Price Spehar Research Associ Insttute of rcnseolony, Selgrade, Serbia Animal diseases in the medieval settlement of Crkveno Brdo, Serbia The study of animal diseases in archaeology sheds light on the patterns of infections, the spread of pathogens over time, and human impact on this phenomenon. During archaeological excavations of the medieval settlement at the site of Crkveno Brdo were revealed animal remains and among them those with pathological alterations. The site is located in the vicinity of the village of Gornji Breg, 10 km southwest of town Senta in the north part of present-day Serbia. During the archaeological excavations in 2019, part of the settlement dated from the 11th to the 13th century was excavated. Additionally, the existence of younger cultural layers, dated to the period between the 13th and the 15th century was revealed. The results of the zooarchaeological analysis at this site represent an important source of data for the study of the medieval economy and strategies for the exploitation of animal resources in the area of the southern part Carpathian Basin. The percentage ratio of different mammalian species points to the fact that in the medieval settlement at Crkveno Brdo, the most important economic species were cattle and horses, while a smaller percentage of sheep, goat, and pig were bred. Hunting and fishing played a minor role in subsistence. Through a diachronic perspective, the paper deals with questions of animal health status and prevalence of the diseases during the life in the settlement between the 13th and the 15th century. Also, the aims of this study are the reconstruction of the environment's impact on the settlement economy based on the pathological conditions observed on the animal remains. 200archacology, palaeopathology, histopathology, medieval period Notes ICAZ seme BERCEN tae 3023POSTER / Central and northern Europe LR. Maller-| coauTHoRs mallerilzen@gmail.cam Ramona Haron PhD Student University of eland 1), Reykiavik,leelane Medieval zooarchaeology in Stadartunga in northeastern Iceland. Establishment of research protocol This poster presents the planned research protocol for a PhD project in Zoorchaeology at the University of Iceland (Hi). The project is a part of the collaborative project “Power, wealth and Plague in Two Valleys - Svarfadardalur, Hérgéladur and their hinterlands ca. AD 870-1500” (2VP ) and is funded by the Icelandic Research Fund (Rann‘s). 2VP utilises an inter-disciplinary approach to address the change from an egalitarian society in Iceland from initial Norse settlement in 870 AD (landném) to an increasingly stratified class-system in the 15th Century. It also considers how the Black Death contributed to near social collapse in Iceland. The focus of research is Stadartunga in Hérgérdalur in north-eastern Iceland, but includes information from other sites in Iceland and beyond for comparison. ‘StaSartunga is a farm mound site spanning the entirety of Icelandic settlement, from landndm around 870 AD through all of the Medieval period and into the 1800's, The site therefore provides an exceptional window into the local agricultural past. The preliminary research questions are related to livestock management, resource utilisation and site organisation in Svarfa8ardalur and Hérgéladur and how this has changed from 870 to 1500 AD. A major focus will be whether one can discern any social stratification within and between relevant sites. A zooarchaeological analysis will be conducted on the faunal remains recovered from farm mound/ midden contexts. By studying the composition of the faunal assemblage, the hope is to consider the mode, nature, and pace of changing social structures at Stadartunga, and the ecological, natural, and social influences driving this change. This poster will present the project protocol, focusing on the rationale of excavation and sampling strategies of faunal remains from the 2022 field season at StaBartunga; the planned methods of analysis; and presents which archaeological contexts will be assessed and why. ‘StaBartunga, Zoarchacology, Farm, Mound, Statifiation Notes ICAZ seme BERCEN tae 3023POSTER / Central and northern Europe Ana E. Pires coauTHoRs ana.clisabete pres@gmailcom Maria Joo Valente, Sénia Gabriel, Due Ferra, Researcher, Professor aria Soares, Mariana Batista, Margarida Alves, SI0POLIS-CI8(0-nBIO- Centro de InvestigacS0.em Biodversidade © Rute Canejo-Tenra, Ana Santana, Glovanna Brag, Recursos Genétcos, InBIO Laboratére Associado, rista Michelle MeGrath, Catarina Gina Universidade do Porto, Vaiéo, Portugal silva GuimarBes, Joana Catita Identifying young-aged animal remains: the case of Rua da Sé, a medieval Islamic context in Silves, Portugal Reference skeletons are key to identify archaeofauna to the species level. Increased difficulties arise when remains belong to non-adult specimens. While adult-age remains may benefit from several complete reference skeletons from wild and domestic fauna, other age classes frequently lack such support and the application of other methodological approaches may facilitate the identification. Our case study regards a small fauna collection of fetal and/or neonatal specimens recovered in a Medieval Islamic context (Silves, Portugal). Although culturally, pig (Sus scrofa domesticus) is not a ‘common animal in islamic contexts, itis possible that one of the remains belongs to this species. The CRIAS project aims to contribute with young-aged skeletons to expand an osteological reference collection and to offer osteometric data and anatomical description of bone landmarks from two 12 week-old Sus scrofa domesticus specimens. We also attempted proteomic and genomic approaches to ‘complement the taxonomic identification of Istamic contexts “remains. A multidisciplinary approach was employed: skeletonization of two 12 weekold pig reference specimens (male and female); data imaging collection from X-ray and CT scans, osteometric data, description of distinguished bone landmarks for both biological datasets; ZooMS and genomic analysis, of bone remains. At 12 weeks of age, primary ossification centers were observed in all long bones from the appendicular reference skeletons, while the presence and number of secondary ossification centers was variable, according to bone and gender. Since at this age epiphysial fusion was incomplete, only diaphysis length and width were measured, Referenced bone landmarks of domestic pig were slightly evident at this age, however typical humerus “S” shape, radioulnar curvature and a well-developed ulnar body were detected. We will discuss the results of this multidisciplinary study which gathers the contribution from the fields of zooarchaeology, veterinary, proteomics and genomics, in the identification of archaeological young. aged animal remains, a rare finding, young. aged-animal remains, reference skeletons, proteomics, genomics Notes ICAZ sees BERCEN tae 3023POSTER / Central and northern Europe Jiirgen Pollerspéck co-nurions Nicolas Straube uergen po Independent Researcher poeck@w sarin Sate Collection of Zoology Minin, Germany “How old could we be?” In this study we conduct literature research of medieval zoological and specifically ichthyological literature which may be the source of motivation for specific ways of mounting dried shark specimens located in several towns in Southern Germany and Austria. German naturalist Conrad Gessner was the first around 1550 ad who described all at that time known plant and animal life in books comprising compendia on animals in general, birds and fish translated from Latin to German. The German compendia were widely distributed and frequently used, At the same time, first natural cabinets were established, comparable to first zoological museum collections. In our study, we identify the shark species based on tooth and general body morphology in all mounted specimens available (N=6) as Lamna nasus (Porbeagle shark) and conclude that a drawing of a shark in Conrad Gessner’s ‘compendium ‘Fischbuch’ (fish book), published in 1575, may be the motivation of the distinct mounting of the specimens. This would set a maximum age range of origin of the specimens to approximately 450 years. As future perspective we plan to make use of stable isotope analysis to review our hypothesis. Porbeagle shark, Gessner, Aristoteles, Historia Animalium Notes ICAZ seme BERCEN tae 3023POSTER / Central and northern Europe Andrea Tommol ln 25@mail.com ‘Anne Karn Hutthammer, Giovanna Bianchi, Veronica Anicei Master Student University of Siena, aly Food tradition and animal exploitation in medieval Norway: the case of Oslogate 7 This contribution presents the zooarchaeological results from the archaeological site of Oslogate 7 (Oslo, Norway). This site, excavated in 1976, is one of the first Middle Ages (half of the 12th century AD to the 17th century AD) site being subject of a closer archaeological examination. During this period, Oslo was considered a small urban center with only a few thousands of inhabitants, and animal husbandry seemed to have played a crucial role on every day’s life of its inhabitants. This research focuses on the exploitation of terrestrial mammals recovered from medieval context dated from the early 12th c. to the 15th c. AD, and it mainly focuses on the main domesticates: cattle, sheep/goat and pig. These animals make up the majority of animal sources exploited at the site, The dearth of wild animal remains suggests that hunting does not substantially contribute to the food intake of the local population; however, reindeer antlers were often collected for making different instruments (e.g. combs). Animal carcasses processing, butchery, sexing and age at death of the animals are analyzed in order to have a better understanding of socioeconomic dynamics revolving around animal exploitation, Biometrical data is also used to detect the presence of potential different breeds. Zooarchaeology, domestictes, culling, medieval period Notes ICAZ sees BERCEN tae 3023POSTER / Central and northern Europe Pille Tomson coauTHoRs silletomson@emu.ee Elena Ponomarenka, Ekaterina Ershova Chair of Environmental Protection and Landscape Management, SeniorLecturer Estonian Univesity fife scenees, Tartu Estonia Express indicators of pastoralism in the boreal landscape The study of human-animal relations would be incomplete without studying a crucial component of livestock husbandry: pastures. Within the forest zone, floodplains, parklands, and peatlands could be used as sources of forage in the past. While pastures are of interest for archaeology, reconstructing this type of land use currently requires highly specialized and expensive methods of analysis that cannot be applied for surveying at the landscape level. Each animal leaves behind just one skeleton, but numerous traces, such as hoofprints and feces, that can be preserved in sediments as trace fossils. We searched for specific tracefossils indicative of pastoralism in historical peatland pastures of 19th century in Estonia and Canada, with Pre-European layers in North America serving as a” blank sample”. We found that the morphology of grazed layers clearly reflected peat trampling and movement of animals within the bog pasture. That resulted in peat destratification (absence of layering typical for natural tiers), reorientation of wood fragments, transfer of mineral grains into organic soil, and deposition of dung, We conducted field experiments to estimate the distance and maximum size of mineral materials transported by sheep, horses, and cows. Particles ranging in size from sand to small gravel (<12mm) were transported on hooves as “mud patties” for distances up to 60 meters, enabling mass transport from drove ways to peatlands. Particle size range and degree of sorting differ from those transported to peatlands by abiotic factors. The diagnostic features are very simple, easy to record and can be applied for the analysis of pastoralism at the landscape level. Application of the express-indicators of bog pastures to the analysis of older layers in the same Estonian peatlands showed that the bogs were used as pastures intermittently from 6th century CE on, with grazing episodes dated by 10th-11th, 14th, and 18th-19th cent CE, ‘Archaeology, pastoralsm, peatlands, trace fossis Notes ICAZ seme BERCEN tae 3023POSTER / Central and northern Europe Maria Jodo Valente coauTHoRs nmvalente@uale pt Rosa Cruz, Gabriel de Sousa Auniliar Professor Catarina Tente, Pedro. Carvalho Centro de Estudos em Arqueclogia, Ares eCléncias do Patriménio, University of Algarve, Portugal Animal management during the early medieval times in central eastern Portugal: preliminary data from Egitania (Idanha-a-Velha) Idanha-a-Velha, located in Portugal hinterland nearby the border with Spain, was the capital of an important Roman administrative territory, the ciuitas Igaeditanorum. The city was called Egitnia after the Suebi occupation (first half of the Sth century) when it became the seat of a bishopric. in late-6th century was integrated in the Visigoth kingdom. Overtaken by Muslims in the 8th century, it was conquered by Christian kings in the 10th century. It was also an important Templar center, been donated by the first king of Portugal to the Order of the Knights Templar. In late-12th century, no longer the seat of bishopric, Egitania lost its importance. The archaeological research in Idanha started in the 1950s. Since then, several fieldworks were done, with the identification of considerable amounts of faunal remains. Unfortunately, most of these materials didn’t have a proper contextual record. The exception are the archaeological works done in 1998-2001, which are currently being studied under an interdisciplinary project entitled «The historical village of Idanha-a-Velha: city, territory and population in ancient times (Ist century BC - 12th century AD)» (2020-2024; FCT.PTDC/HAR-ARQ/6273/2020} In this poster, we present the preliminary zooarchaeological results from the ongoing project. The research focuses in the Logradouro area, of domestic nature during the medieval period. The studied materials date from the Sth to the 11th centuries and include, by order of abundance, caprids (mostly sheep), pig and cattle, along with rabbit, red deer, equids, chicken, and a few remains of dog and freshwater turtle, Besides general classification, we present data regarding bone alterations, biometric data and age-at-death estimation. This is the first study of contextualized faunal materials from Idanha. The presented data also has particular interest since there is no other zooarchaeological study for this period in the Central and North Eastern area of Portugal. animal management, urban zooarchaeology, Iberia Notes ICAZ seme BERCEN tae 3023POSTER / Central and northern Europe Thiago Vidla de Faria co-nurions jago faria@tesh.un.at [Ana lsabete Pres Research Asoc Instituto de Estudos Medievsis, NOVA-FCSH, Lisbon, Portugal Announcing NEMUS - The Network for the Environment in Medieval Usages & Societies NEMUS is the digital platform for scholars of medieval environmental studies to meet, discuss and pursue collaboration. Still in its early days, the Network's main contribution should be to bridge the — often too wide — divide among colleagues of distinct, however overlapping, scholarly backgrounds among the so-called ‘hard’ and ‘soft’ sciences. This session is aimed at introducing NEMUS and its mission in more detail, hopefully to attract feedback as well as to encourage colleagues attending the ICAZ-MWG to join the Network. paleo-environmental stuies, middle ages, academic/schlary networks, interdisciptinaity, digital humanities Notes ICAZ seme BERCEN tae 3023POSTER / Central and northern Europe Thiago Vidla de Faria co-nurions jagofria@teshunlpt Carios Pimenta, Alfonso Sousa Research Associ Instituto de Estudos Medievais, NOVA-FCSH, Lisbon, Portugal Raptor remains in medieval Portugal - A bird’s-eye view from Project FALCO Running for one year, ‘Hypothesising Human-Animal Relations in Medieval Portugal’ is a collaborative research project fully supported by the Portuguese science agency (FCT EXPL/HAR-HIS/1135/2021). It sets out to explore the possibilities opened by interdisciplinary research on the relationship of humans with other species in the historical past. The project seeks to illuminate the nature and features of such ties by pinning down on the pervasiveness of birds of prey in a medieval context. How did the peoples and communities of Portugal relate with such animals in the period spanning roughly between 1100 and 1500? As with a variety of other species, raptors inhabited not only the natural landscape but equally the human mind. What role did they play in the economy, culture, thinking and even politics of the period? While offering a brief summary of the project, the poster identifies the zooarchaeological findings of birds of prey in Portuguese medieval excavations, setting forth preliminary working hypotheses for their characterisation human-animal relations, medieval studies, historical oithology, experimental history Notes ICAZ seme BERCEN tae 3023POSTER / Central and northern Europe Shu Yang coavtnons Jacqui Muti, Ben Jens PhD Candidate ‘School of History Archaeology ané Religion, Cardiff Univesity, UK Provisioning medieval Southampton: A bioarchaeological research Southampton was one of the most significant ports in medieval England, due to its unique position on the trade route with the Mediterranean and Iberian Peninsula. Excavated assemblages from the town have been central to debates on urbanization process, overseas trading contacts, material life, economical subsistence, domestic structures, and agricultural development from the early medieval to post-medieval periods. The abundant animal bones assemblages are a key resource for exploring continuity and change in the provisioning the medieval town. This presentation presents the initial findings of combined zooarchacological and isotopic analysis of the town. The abundant animal bones assemblages are a key resource for exploring continuity and change in the provisioning the medieval town. Previous zooarchaeological research has revealed the key role of domestic species, alongside a variety of other terrestrial and aquatic animals. This project integrates the analysis of key domestic food animals (cattle, sheep, pig) by traditional zooarchaeological methods with the isotopic analysis (carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, strontium) of other domestic (dog) and wild fauna (deer). Carbon and nitrogen isotopic analysis is being used to reconstruct the past diet of animals, whilst ‘oxygen and strontium provide details on temporal changes in location and environment, Combined these techniques will shed light on domestic herd management, the mechanism of trading, animal movement, and human-animal-environment interaction in medieval Southampton. Medieval, Southampton animals, isotope Notes ICAZ seme BERCEN tae 3023POSTER / Central and northern Europe Shu Yang coavtnons Jacqui Muti, Ben Jens PhD Candidate ‘School of History Archaeology ané Religion, Cardiff Univesity, UK Provisioning medieval Southampton: A bioarchaeological research Southampton was one of the most significant ports in medieval England, due to its unique position on the trade route with the Mediterranean and Iberian Peninsula. Excavated assemblages from the town have been central to debates on urbanization process, overseas trading contacts, material life, economical subsistence, domestic structures, and agricultural development from the early medieval to post-medieval periods. The abundant animal bones assemblages are a key resource for exploring continuity and change in the provisioning the medieval town. This presentation presents the initial findings of combined zooarchacological and isotopic analysis of the town. The abundant animal bones assemblages are a key resource for exploring continuity and change in the provisioning the medieval town. Previous zooarchaeological research has revealed the key role of domestic species, alongside a variety of other terrestrial and aquatic animals. This project integrates the analysis of key domestic food animals (cattle, sheep, pig) by traditional zooarchaeological methods with the isotopic analysis (carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, strontium) of other domestic (dog) and wild fauna (deer). Carbon and nitrogen isotopic analysis is being used to reconstruct the past diet of animals, whilst ‘oxygen and strontium provide details on temporal changes in location and environment, Combined these techniques will shed light on domestic herd management, the mechanism of trading, animal movement, and human-animal-environment interaction in medieval Southampton. Medieval, Southampton animals, isotope Notes ICAZ seme BERCEN tae 3023