Digital Signal Processing

Name-Nupur Padvi
M.I.S no.-112007041
Branch- TY ENTC

Experiment 4:-
Aim:Autocorrelation of a given sequence and verification of its properties.
Software Required: MATLAB

Program:
Autocorrelation of a given sequence and verification of its properties.

% Read the signal

x=[1,2,3,6,5,4]
% define the axis
n=0:1:length(x)-1
% plot the signal
stem(n,x);
xlabel('n');
% auto correlate the signal
Rxx=xcorr(x,x);
% the axis for auto correlation results
nRxx=-length(x)+1:length(x)-1
% display the result
stem(nRxx,Rxx)
% properties of Rxx(0) gives the energy of the signal
% find energy of the signal
energy=sum(x.^2)
%set index of the centre value
centre_index=ceil(length(Rxx)/2)
% Acces the centre value Rxx(0)
Rxx_0==Rxx(centre_index)
Rxx_0==Rxx(centre_index)
% Check if the Rxx(0)=energy
if Rxx_0==energy
disp('Rxx(0) gives energy proved');
else
disp('Rxx(0) gives energy not proved');
end
Rxx_right=Rxx(centre_index:1:length(Rxx))
Rxx_left=Rxx(centre_index:-1:1)
ifRxx_right==Rxx_left
disp('Rxx is even');
else
disp('Rxx is not even');
end

Output:-

Graph:-
Autocorrelation of a sinewave
Plot the autocorrelation sequence of a sinewave with frequency 1 Hz, sampling frequency of
200 Hz.
The Matlab program is listed below:

N=1024; % Number of samples

f1=1; % Frequency of the sinewave
FS=200; % Sampling Frequency
n=0:N-1; % Sample index numbers
x=sin(2*pi*f1*n/FS); % Generate the signal, x(n)
t=[1:N]*(1/FS); % Prepare a time axis
subplot(2,1,1); % Prepare the figure
plot(t,x); % Plot x(n)
title('Sinwave of frequency 1000Hz [FS=8000Hz]');
xlabel('Time, [s]');
ylabel('Amplitude');
grid;
Rxx=xcorr(x); % Estimate its autocorrelation
subplot(2,1,2); % Prepare the figure
plot(Rxx); % Plot the autocorrelation
grid;
title('Autocorrelation function of the sinewave');
xlable('lags');
ylabel('Autocorrelation');

Output
Cross correlation

Plot the cross correlation of the following signal:

x(n)= sin(2П f1t ) with f1 Hz
y( n )= x( n )+ w( n )

wherew(n) is a zeros mean, unit variance of Gaussina random process

N=1024; % Number of samples to generate
f=1; % Frequency of the sinewave
FS=200; % Sampling frequency
n=0:N-1; % Sampling index
x=sin(2*pi*f1*n/FS); % Generate x(n)
y=x+10*randn(1,N); % Generate y(n)
subplot(3,1,1);
plot(x);
title('Pure Sinewave');
grid;
subplot(3,1,2);
plot(y);
title('y(n), Pure Sinewave + Noise');
grid;
Rxy=xcorr(x,y); % Estimate the cross correlation
subplot(3,1,3);
plot(Rxy);
title('Cross correlation Rxy');
grid;

Output:-