A.

Discuss briefly the meaning of the following:

1. Personal Independence Payment (PIP)

- is a benefit that supports independence by helping to pay for the additional
costs of living with a long-term condition. At the time the government eliminated
the benefit, 10% of people with HIV were receiving Disability Living Allowance
(DLA).

2. Injecting Drug Use (IDU)

- If an HIV-negative person uses injection equipment that has been used by an
HIV-positive person, there is a very high risk of contracting or spreading HIV. This
is because of the possibility that the needles, syringes, or other injection
equipment may contain blood, which might carry HIV. In a used syringe, HIV can
persist for up to 42 days, depending on the temperature and other circumstances.

3. Most at risk children and young people (MARCY)

- Most HIV infections in older teenagers and young adults are caused by sexual
transmission; injection drug use and blood transfusions are less frequent causes.
One-third of infants with perinatal infections are diagnosed in adolescence,
suggesting that prenatal infection may also add to this burden. Additionally, more
perinatally infected children are surviving into puberty thanks to expanded access
to treatment. Interventions to prevent infection in adolescents and young adults
must consider how HIV is acquired.