War's silver lining

1)Word War1, X-rays, paramedics ,blood transfusion, anaesthetic

2) 1. The speaker says that the First World War caused many deaths and injuries but also had some positive consequences.2. New
weapons used in the war included machine guns , tanks and poison gases. 3. Twice as many people were injured in the war as died.
4. She goes on to say that X-rays were used widely and helped doctors detect fragments of bomb and bullets. 5. Stretchers were
also used to carry the wounded out of the battlefield.6. Paramedics, who apply first aid are able to in the field, were first employed
in the First World. War. 7. Another innovation was a machine for anaesthetising patients to make them unconscious before
operations.
8. One of the greatest medical breakthroughs was blood transfusion allowing many lives to be saved at the end of the war.
The fear factor
1)The difference between common fears and phobiasExtract 1. A fear of heights Extract 3 Symptoms of phobiasExtract 1Why we
like to be scaredExtract 2A memory of fainting at the doctorsExtract 3A fear one person has suffered their whole lifeExtract 3The
fight or flight responseExtract 2Why people develop phobiasExtract 1The importance of context and dangerExtract 2
2) Extract 1 -Exaggerated or irrational fears are phobias.- Friendships can suffer as a result of phobias.- Scary encounters we have as
children can cause phobias. Extract2- Many of us like feeling frightened during a horror film. - We can’t control the reaction in our
body when we’re in danger. - Our bodies can distinguish between real and false danger. Extract 3- Liz suffers physical symptoms
because of her fear.- Abi feels just as scared now as she did as a child. -Ben avoids situations that cause his fears.
The benefits of sport
1) reduced risk of diabetes;lower blood pressure; stronger bones; improved mood;improved concentration;increased motivation;
improved communication and negotiation skills.
2) 1. The class have already talked about at least three of the physical effects sport has on the human body.True2. Doing sport can
slow down the production of chemicals in the brain that make us feel good.False3. There are no real benefits associated with doing
individual sport.False4. Swimmers or tennis players are responsible for their own achievements.True5. Being part of a team requires
you to practise more regularly.False6. Collaborating with other members is essential for a team to be successful.True7. The skills you
learn in a team sport are transferable to everyday life.True 8. It doesn’t matter which sport you choose, as long as you’re good at it.
False
Teens going veggie
1)Is vegetarian because they were influenced by a famous person.Speaker 3Became vegetarian because of their family.Speaker 4Is
vegetarian for health reasons.Speaker 1Is vegetarian because they dislike meat.Not saidIs vegan because they follow social media
trends.Not saidIs vegan for ethical reasons.Speaker 5Is vegan for health reasons.Speaker 2Is vegan because they love vegetables.Not
said
2) Speaker 1 says she has noticed an improvement in her physical appearance.; Speaker 1 doesn't cook because she needs to study
instead.; Speaker 2 says there are 500,000 vegans in the UK. ; Some of speaker 2's schoolmates are unsupportive.; Speaker 3
doesn't eat enough nutritious food. ; Speaker 3 makes some effort to eat healthily.; Speaker 4 found it most difficult to be a young
vegetarian at social events. ; Since leaving home, speaker 4 is not so strict about being vegetarian.; Speaker 5 disagrees with the
treatment of animals by the food industry. ; For speaker 5, the downside of vegan food is the time spent on preparation. ;
Teens going veggie
1) Is vegetarian because they were influenced by a famous person.Speaker 3Became vegetarian because of their family.Speaker 4Is
vegetarian for health reasons.Speaker 1Is vegetarian because they dislike meat.Not saidIs vegan because they follow social media
trends.Not saidIs vegan for ethical reasons.Speaker 5Is vegan for health reasons.Speaker 2Is vegan because they love vegetables.Not
said
2) Speaker 1 says she has noticed an improvement in her physical appearance. Speaker 1 doesn't cook because she needs to study
instead. Speaker 2 says there are 500,000 vegans in the UK. Some of speaker 2's schoolmates are unsupportive. Speaker 3 doesn't
eat enough nutritious food. Speaker 3 makes some effort to eat healthily. Speaker 4 found it most difficult to be a young vegetarian
at social events. Since leaving home, speaker 4 is not so strict about being vegetarian. Speaker 5 disagrees with the treatment of
animals by the food industry. For speaker 5, the downside of vegan food is the time spent on preparation.
Sleeping for exam success
1)A personal memory from the past.The average time students in the class sleep.The ideal amount of sleep at each stage of
life .Reasons why the human body needs sleep.How the things we learn become part of our long-term memory.Conditions that
improve memory consolidation.When memory consolidation takes place.
2) 1. Professor Manson remembers having lots of exams and assignments at school but didn’t organise her revision time very well.
2. Revising for an exam the night before can help short-term memory , but a good night’s sleep is even better.3. There is a clear link
between memory and sleep .4. Most students in the class sleep between six and eight hours, whereas the recommended amount
for 14- to 17-year-olds is more. 5. Sleep helps the body regulate its vital functions and also gives the brain a chance to restructure
information.6. Memory consolidation is when information passes from our short-term to long-term memories via the hippocampus.
7. Memory consolidation is improved by reviewing information regularly.8. Memory consolidation takes place during stages of deep
sleep.
Man or beast?
1) badger,earthworm;otter;red deer;fox;swift
2)What kind of book is being discussed? a mixture of different genres. Charles Foster decided to try and live as different animals
because he wanted to understand how they live. According to Foster, children are better than adults at living like animals because
they rely on their senses of sight and smell more. What was Foster’s greatest problem with living as an otter? It’s difficult to
 recreate the otter’s preoccupation with finding food. Foster felt his experience living as a red deer was not very successful. Why was
Foster questioned by a policeman in London? He was sleeping in a public place. Foster felt a great respect for foxes because they
can survive in an urban environment. Jon recommends the book 'Being a Beast' because it can help us understand what it means to
be human.
Living online
1) Has recently learned about some of the negative effects of excessive online communication.Speaker 3Has witnessed great
changes in the way we communicate over recent years.Speaker 1Thinks that the amount of time teens spend online is alarming.
Not saidIs quite happy for any photos of themselves to be posted online.Not saidWishes people would talk more in person.
Speaker 2Enjoys being able to contact all friends with the same message at once.Speaker 5Thinks limiting teenagers' access to
technology is unfair.Speaker 4Is suffering from the fear of missing out.Not said
2)Speaker 1 likes to know as soon as they get a new message.TrueSpeaker 2 thinks that the most annoying thing is when people use
their phones in meetings.FalseSpeaker 3 says that FOMO, or fear of missing out, is more common among teens.FalseSpeaker 4
thinks that young people today are aware of the drawbacks of online communication.TrueSpeaker 5 has made a lot of new friends
thanks to online communication.False
How to break into the music industry
1) Starting to make contacts;Showing music industry bosses that you are worth employing;Keeping networking as much as possible;
Using social networks to project the right image to employers;The different jobs available in the music industry;How to treat
celebrities;
2)1. In the music industry, qualifications are much less important than experience .2. When you are starting off in the business, the
most important thing is to meet people.3. If you are lucky, you might get work as a paid intern .4. You can impress people in the
company if you have a unique skill .5. An easy way to network could be to find someone you admire and ask questions .6. Make sure
that everything you post on social media reflects the image you want to project.7. One of the exciting things about the music
industry is that things are changing very fast .8. When you meet a celebrity you should treat him or her as a client and try not to be
star-struck .
How false information spreads
1) Which statement about circular reporting is true? It may involve several publications. Which statement is correct about
journalists? Many journalists may publish inaccuracies in several articles. Which statement is correct? Many people believed that a
Brazilian aardvark was the same as a coati. Which statement is true about Wikipedia? Some people add false content to a Wikipedia
entry intentionally. What is true about childhood vaccines and autism? Circular reporting incited many parents not to vaccinate their
children. Which statement is correct? Lack of time to think and investigate can cause us to believe things that aren’t true.
2) 1. In a nutshell, it’s the confirmation of false information.2. ... and in no way is obvious as being false.3. … then he forgot about it
and thought nothing more of it 4. That’s not to say that all information on Wikipedia is false by any means
5. … unsupported claims were picked up by the media and spread like wildfire6. We often take things at face value
Help others, help yourself
1)table tennisDebbiemodern danceNot mentionedfootballDebbiecrickeDebbieParkourLiamtennisNot mentionedskateboardingLiam
kick scooterLiammarathon runningDebbieBMX bikingLiam
2) Liam says that Parkour is a way of overcoming obstacles. Liam’s main job is to teach young people about BMX. Which area did
Liam not have training in? cooking hamburgers Why did Debbie volunteer the second time? to be more competitive in the job
market Which sport did Debbie not volunteer to help with? Swimming Debbie and Liam both say that volunteers are essential for
sport.