Halaman 1

alihoigh frank in nater's of importance, he also wants te be wel liked and ma

Medium:

resort to white lies in order not to hurt another person's feeling.

Hates to hedge and usually expresses what he feels candidly and exactly.

Says what he means, most of the time.

Low:

Communication is sometimes confusing and or misleading.

Lack of frankness may be to avoid hurting others.

Not always frank.

Humor

Definition: Able to see the funny side of life, lightness of spirit.

High:

A sense of humor can provide some release from tension.

A sense of humor helps reduce the tension under pressure.

Accepts his idiosyncrasies with the same good humor he admires in others.Can

chuckle at what is funny in himself without loss of self-esteem.

Brightens other people's disposition because he makes them laugh a lot.

Can always see the ludicrous side of a situation.That helps him to meet the

darker aspects life.

Can chuckle at what is funny in himself without loss of self-esteem.

Can laugh at his mistakes.

Can laugh even when the joke is on himself.

Can make light of his shortcomings.

Cultivates a sense of humor that prevents tensions and antagonism from devel-

oping.

Draws people to him with his humor and with his ability to see the lighter side

of life.

Employing a mild sense of humor, he keeps otherwise stressful moments light.

Enjoys a happy, relaxed, fun-loving atmosphere.

Good natured, he is able to put people at ease when situations are strained.
Has a good sense of humor and the ability to laugh at himself.

Has learned to appreciate witty remarks and amusing commentaries.

Has learned to take serious matters more lightly.

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Has reached the awareness of how amusing he himself can be in his foibles and

follies.

Has the ability to laugh and enjoy the good times with others.

His ability to laugh at himself is laudable and refreshing.

His fine sense of humor helps him to avoid confrontations.

His humor is contagious. It is warm and playful and enables him to win friends

easily.

His humor is positive because it is never at the other person's expense.

His humor is warm and playful and enables him to win friends easily.

His humor lightens stressful situations and releases tension in an easy, uplifting

way.

His humor of ten puts him at the center of a gathering.

His humor uplifts the spirit and is positive in its effect on others.

His sense of humor enables him to win friends quickly.

His sense of humor may sometimes serves to keep stressful situations light.

His sense of humor provides a healthy release of pent-up emotional energy,es-

pecially during periods of tension and stress.

His sense of humor would be helpful.

Humor helps him deal with reality and maintain a sense of perspective about his

problems.

Humor prevents him from taking himself too seriously.

Is (pleasant) and he has a sense of humor.

Keeps his sense of humor.

Laughing at the foibles of people in authority enables him to express his hostili-
ty safely and without fear of retaliation.

Laughing creates a bond of understanding. It gives others the feeling of being

including because laughter is always with them,never at their expense.

Laughing with other people increases his sense of solidarity.

Laughing with others creates a bond of understanding. It gives others the feel-

ing of being included because laughter is always with them,never at their expense.

Laughs at his own mistakes.

Makes light of his own shortcomings.

May be embarrassed but can understand that from an outside point of view his

predicament does seem funny.

Most importantly,he has reached the awareness of how amusing he, himself.

can be in his follies and foibles.

Often a spark of humor comes to his aid.

Others can always win him over with a joke more easily than with tears.

Others of ten laugh with him because his humor is contagious.

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Halaman 3

Autected by u xense of humver, ho kovs better than to toke himsell

100 seri.

Reuhzes thut he cm awe twe by huyhny nt hus foibleg nstead of wthdirawing

ousty

mmiy in embarsissment.

Seenns full of gond humor.

Sees sonething amusing in everythty happenings.

Sees the fumny sude of ife in the ndtest situtions and other's of ten laugh with

um.

Tuking serious things hunorously forities his sense of perspec tive.

Tends' to have a fime sense of humor Likes to laugh and sees the lighter' side of

The act of Iatughing provides a healthy relense for pent-up emotional energy,es.
te.

pecially when the situation is tense and stressful.

Uses his sense of humor to defuse lense situalions.

Usually has a good sense of humor'.

With a touch of humor adjustment is easier for him.

Medium:

Only seldom does he engage humor or laughter with others. Most of the time,

he has an aur of seriousness.

l.ow:

Does not appreciate those who joke about serious matler's.

Has a sober tdisposition.

Hs approach to life is serious.

Hs seriousness affects his approach to life.

His stern atiifude makes hum appear humorless.

His underlying seriousness of character' can usually be discerned.

His views on life ar'e serious.

Lacks cheerfulness and a sense of humor.

Life to him is a serious business.

May be intolerant of people of are interested in the lighter side of life.

May lack a sense of humor' and find it hard to adapt to a purely social atmos-

phere.

Prefers to devole himself to the serious issues of life.

Seldom laughing and talking.

Seldom leis his hair down and joins the fun.

Serious nbout whatever he does.

Serious attitude.

Takes life seriously.

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Tackles thinking tasks in a serious way.

Takes himself and his work too seriously.

Takes life seriously.

To him life is a serious business.

Uncharacteristically serious...

Whatever he undertakes,he opproaches with a serious and responsible attitude.

While seriousness is basically a positive characteristic, he tends to be too staid

and sober too much of the time.

While these are basically positive characteristics, this writer is usually too

somber and grave.

Argumentativeness

Definition:Provoking arguments. Prone to argue and dispute. Writer strives to

prove and maintain his opinion in opposition to the claim of others, regardless of

merit.

High:

A drawback would be his inclination to debate a point.

Able to express and defend his views effectively.

Adamant about his beliefs and opinions, he stands ready to defend his position

on certain matters.

Any misunderstanding with this person will be extremely verbal.

Argues constantly and pesters others with complaints strictly for the sake of

faultfinding and argument.

Argues his opinion regardless of facts and evidence produced to disprove it.

Argues his own ideas readily and forcefully.

Argues in order to support his point and justify his views.

Arguments are attempts to manipulate and subordinate others. He argues be-

cause he feels weak. It is a form of nagging and is always a clear sign of dependen-

cy.

Asserts himself unmistakably when opposed, and he holds fast to his views.

Pressed too far, he has a tendency to argue.

Being contradicted may undermine his confidence and can make him defensive

and argumentative.
Being right is very important to him.

Bickering,clashing,confrontational, and contentious.

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Halaman 5

But if he thinks a motter is important enough,he wil resist with a strong argu.

ment and maintain his point of view vigorously.

Can be argumentative.

Can put up quite an argument.

Capable of putting up a stiff argument on matters of principle.

Capable of putting up a stiff arguments on matters of principle or opinion.

Challenge him and he will argue.

Controversial,either for the sake of being contrary, or because he wants to in.

flict his opinion upon others.

Defends his ideas and actions.

Disposed to find fauit without good reason, to scold continuously, or raise cap-

tious objections.

Easily provoked to the expression of differences of opinion.

Engages in argument for its own sake.

Enjoys the challenge of opposing views.

Feels compelled to make his viewpoint crystal clear.

Feels the need to defend his ideas and actions. He will explore all possible ave-

nues to justify them.

Frequently becomes involved in arguments and sharp exchanges.

Given to altercation in defense of his views.

Has a tendency to argue.

Has a tendency to dispute heatedly, of ten with loud, angry words.

Has a way of getting into more than his share of verbal scrapes.

Hates to lose an argument.

His argumentafiveness can work against him if others grow weary of his con-
stant verbal fencing.

Inclined to argue.

Inclined to debate in order to support his point and to justify his views.

Inclined to debate issues, he will possibly want to have the last word.

Likely to argue, discuss, and dispute excessively.

Likely to start petty arguments without reason, he tends to quibble at trifles.

Likes controversy to be able to prove his point.

Likes to discuss a point,sometimes merely for the challenge that a debate may

offer: other times, he may be quarrelsome in his attitude.

May have a tendency to argue with coworkers.

May seem argumentative because he enjoys exchanging opinions with others.

Must have the last word.

Need to justify himself.

Not afraid to take a stand or to own up to his controversial opinion.

Often finds himself at the center of controversy.

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Often wastes time arguing with others.

One trait is not advantageous, namely argumentativeness.However,it is possi-

ble that he will use this trait to protect his views and his position in favor of his

company as well as himself.

Oppose him,and he'll automatically start an argument. He has a knack for driv-

ing his points home with skillful reasoning and to cause others to strangle on their

weak suppositions.

Prefers argument to compromise.

Quarrels of ten with friends and associates and is often unreasonable.

Quibbles over details.

Quick to defend his views, he likes to participate in debates and discussions.

Ready to argue or debate a point.

Resists other people's arguments.

Seems predisposed to indulge in angry disputes or arguments, whether provoked

or not.

Strives to prove or maintain his opinion in opposition to the claim of others.

Talks and argues until the other person gives in.

Tendency to argue the point.

Tends to argue or fight with the person he is trying to persuade. When he is

party to a negotiation emotions tend to take over and things can get out of hand.

Arguing and fighting then raises a barrier between him and the person he is trying

to convince.

There is a strong inclination to argue and oppose.

To him any subject is debatable.

Unable to give a little ground gracefully.

Wants to prove a point rather than reach an agreement.

When challenged on a view or idea,he will defend his case strongly.

When he feels he is right in his opinions,he will very likely argue the point.

When opposed in an argument he becomes spitefully indignant.

Will argue his point but this argument will be based mostly on (feelings) rather

than (objective conclusions).

Will argue his point,defending his ideas and actions to the limit.

Will defend his position vigorously.

Will go to great lengths to prove a point.

Will not give ground gracefully.

Will push a point.

Will put up an argument to defend his position.

（With diplomacy) He is inclined to argue, but not to the point of unpleasantness.

The arguments will done in a tactful manner.

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（With evasiveness) During an argument, this person tends to evade

the. point in

mtiy a unsy g

they are carefully thought out and based upon facts.

（With physicalness) The argument could be a vehement one.

ith Pesponsiveness high) He wil argue his point but the argument wil be

based entirely on feeling rather than on objective conclusions.

rey neeisor rehicence) When he des comrmuni cte he can beroe

argumentative, thereby lessening the chance for an unbiased exchange of

with stubborn) Can be hard to get along with, especially when he refuses to

thoughts.

back down from an argument.

with yielding) He is argumentative and slightly (defiant) and these traits com

offset the effects of yieldingness.He will not allow himself to be moved beyondo

certain point.

Medium:

Although not an argumentative type, he will not back down from a conflict if he

feels strongly enough about the matter.

He likes a stimulating discussion on a controversial subject:however,he will not

press his point too far.

（With broadminded) While he can be a bit argumentative, he never loses his

sense of fairness.

Low:

Detests disputes and quarreling.

Does not enjoy an altercation.

Does not push his case.

Does not retort with an argument.

Does not want to waste energy in responding to attack.

Gives ground gracefully.

Not prepared to engage the enemy.

Nothing is worth a quarrel.

Patches up quarrels.

Reconciles opposing viewpoints.

Seems afraid that opposition may exacerbate hostilities.

This person likes things harmonious, and may go out of his way to avoid conflict

or argument.Usually, he prefers quiet,common sense discussions to noisy disa-

greements.

Yields points in the interest of overall harmony.

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Exaggeration

Definition: Tendency to enlarge beyond the truth, magnifies beyond the facts.

High:

At the present time, his ideas are too far from reality,or too exaggerated,to

be of real use to him.

Beware of his vivid imagination.He is not averse to exaggerating if it helps the

impact of the story and he may enlarge facts to the point of distortion.

Blows up problems into huge dimensions.

Cannot help embellishing simple statements when he is relating an incident.

Embroiders information or observations with little regard for truth.

Exaggerates and amplifies facts.

Exaggerates to impress others and makes impossible promises.

Exaggeration is predominant in many aspects of his life.

Extreme imagination may lead him to distort facts and conditions.

Greatly exaggerates issues.

Has a penchant for repeating things in an embroidered form.

Has the tendency to misrepresent by enlarging on the facts because of his vivid

imagination.

His fears are of ten magnified by his vivid imagination.

His imagination may run away with him and cause him to make an occasional

statement he cannot back up.

Inflates the significance of actions, people,etc..

Is being misled by his own imagination.

Is likely to hear more than he has been told.

Is not averse to exaggerating and telling untruths if it helps the impact of his

story.

Is not dishonest. Simply sees things through the wide-angle zoom lens of his

imagination.

It's obvious that this person tends to bite off a little more than he can chew.

Likely to exaggerate greatly.

Magnifies quite ordinary events.

Makes a mountain out of a molehill.

May depart from the truth because he grossly exaggerates actuality.

May exaggerate the truth to get attention.

May exaggerate to impress others.

May show off or exaggerate to be noticed.

Now and then, he will imagine all sorts of things about people that are, quite

simply.untrue.His vivid imagination fills in the dull or uninteresting gaps with more

creative details.

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Halaman 9

often his experiences are verbally exaggerated, far surpassing reality.

Ofenhis eper ene e teneny to promise onything.and then nor gie

follow through.

Overdoes the effect.

Over-emphasizes certain aspects.

Overstates a case.

Overstates the truth.

Portrays events more successful or more gloomy than they really are.

Prone to magnify his problems way out of proportion.

Regards situations as more important.

Represents things as greater than they are.

Sees small setbacks as totally hopeless.

Seldom ever misleads anyone intentionally,although his imagination does color

his statements.

Tells tall tales.

Tends to enlarge upon facts.

Thinks and acts in superlatives.

This person is honest. It is just that he will be unable to resist adding a shiny

coat of varnish on some of the duller facts. Of course,that's not exaggeration.

That's imagination.

True,he may give the impression of exaggerating or even telling lies.But he

just cannot help splashing a little color around when he is relating an incident,and

often he convinces himself that things really happened this way.

Vividly imaginative, his mind may enlarge facts to the point of distortion, a de-

cided liability in mental evaluation and sometimes in social relationships as well.

Medium:

An overactive imagination occasionally distorts that which he perceives. His as-

sociates may be more aware of this characteristic than he, himself.

Because of his active imagination some of his stories may be inflated or misrep-

resented.

Has to watch the tendency to let his imagination blow some problems or other

matters out of proportion.

His imagination occasionally makes it hard for him to see matters factually.

ccasionally.his vivid imagination may run away with him and cause him to make

a statement he cannot back up.

Low:

Accepts facts as they are.

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Halaman 10
Reticence

Definition:Reticent in social situations.

High:

Afraid to communicate.

Although he may not agree with something, he tends to keep his feelings to

himself because he wants to keep the peace.

Although others seldom know what he thinks, he is not concealing anything.He

simply is not communicative.

An important quality that helps him to cope with his environment is reticence.

Appears hesitant and uncommunicative,most of the time.

Appreciates when others take the lead in the conversation.

At a loss for words.

At times he is quite close mouthed, to the point of secrecy. He wants to main-

tain his privacy when he feels it is threatened.

Being reticent he has a tendency to keep his own counsel. He is not easily com-

municative.

Being reticent, he holds in his first response.

Can maintain silence and listen to what someone else has to say.

Can speak when he wants to but where his deep personal feelings are concerned

he is quiet and reserved.

Conceals his inner insecurity by keeping fairly quiet.

Defensive measures are mainly (secretiveness) or reticence.

Does not talk more than necessary.

Does not talk much unless he is discussing a pet subject.

Does not want to share his thoughts.

Expresses himself only after careful consideration.

Feels silence is the better part of discretion.

Finds conversation difficult even in familiar circumstances.

Finds no reason to be talkative.A few words can express his thoughts.

Has the ability to remain silent when it seems expedient to do so.

His communication with others is composed mostly of agreements or silence.

His private life and the personal concerns of those close to him are kept in

strict confidence.

Holds back his emotional distress and personal dilemmas. But they weigh on him.

Holds back in matters of personal concern.

If he has nothing worthwhile to contribute,he will keep silent.

In most situations, he holds back and cannot talk or express himself easily.

Inability to talk about his problems adds to tension.

Is a quiet person saying only what is necessary.

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Is also reticent: it is easy for him to be a good listener.

Is avoiding conflict by not expressing his ideas.

Is aoiang cnflet yte eth hin or talk about things that moke hin lok

1s indined io be uncommunictive, very often his opinions must be drown ourot

good.

him.

Is naturally quiet.

Is not always willing to communicate his feelings.

Is not inclined to communicate easily.

Is probably one of the best listeners others can find.

Is quite capable of being as reticent as the occasion requires.

Is reticent about his true feelings and it may be difficult to get him to talk

about what is bothering him.

reticent in personal matters being coreful to guard with (caution,diplomooy)

every statement he makes.

Is reticent,especially about personal matters.

Is tight-lipped.

Is unable to clear up misunderstandings when they occur.

Is usually hesitant in presenting his opinions.

It is difficult for him to speak and he rarely comes right to the point.Instead,

he starts talking around what he really wants to say.

It is unlikely that he will speak or express himself impulsively.

It won't be easy to draw him out.

It's typical for him to say only the most effective and most efficient in any sit.

uation.

Keeps his own counsel.

Keeps quiet when others want to share their thoughts with him.

Keeps things to himself.

Needs much coaxing to speak of matters of personal concern.

Often feels people should be doing things for him without direct request and he

may feel slighted when they don't perceive his needs.

Often' he is hesitant to speak his mind, even though he may have good ideas.

Often put off by friends who chatter too much.

On the positive side, he will not talk about his own upsets incessantly.

Others may misinterpret his frequent silences as lack of caring.

Rather than risk an unfavorable reception of his ideas, he prefers to keep

things to himself.

efuses to tell others how he really feels and thereby denies them the suport

they may be glad to give.

Reluctant to volunteer information.

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Halaman 12

Reticence in expressing his thoughts of ten serves to avoid conflict.

Reticence is an excellent vocational trait in confidential positions and in situa-

tions requiring discretion.He would fit well into banking, investments, insurance.

property management or corporation law,and the diplomatic service, for example.

Reticence is used as a defensive measure.

Seems to feel threatened by overt communication and usually keeps his

thoughts and ideas within.

Silence may be used as a means of avoiding conflict.

Since he is a very reticent person no one really knows what is going through his

mind.

Something unspoken frequently stands between him and those close to him.

Talks economically and to the point.

Talks freely when the topic is seen as worthwhile.

Tends to contribute little to the conversation.

This means that he speaks when he has something important to say.

When he feels uneasy, he is more likely to communicate through covert meth-

ods, or not at all.

When he is most upset, he is least inclined to talk it out.

When he talks, he has a strong need for assurance that he has said and con-

cluded the right thing.

Will comment only when he has something of importance to say.

Will not go out of his way to state his opinions.

（With verbal facility) He is usually a quiet man until he has something to say.

Then he will make his point eloquently.

Medium:

Able to feel relaxed enough to converse about familiar things in familiar situa-

tions.

Conformity to accepted standards creates a situation in which he feels free to

express himself.

Courteous and a little formal in verbal exchange.

Difficulty expressing himself spontaneously.

Familiar things, places and people permit more confidence in self-expression.

Feels free to talk in familiar circumstances.

Feels unwilling to face changed circumstances,as then he is likely to be at a loss

for words.

Likes to have time to prepare what to say.

More inclined to listen than talk.

Positions of authority would demand too much spontaneous speech and are
therefore threatening.

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Sense of insecurity during communications.

Takes his time to answer.

Tries to avoid large responsibilities necessitating oral expression.

（with olaleek es) Aithough he prefers to converse freely,.he has learned to

Unable to speak freely.

keep silent when necessary.

Low:

Communicates his feelings openly.

Contributes his ideas, whether anyone wants to hear them or not.

Expresses himself easily.

Expresses openly and directly what goes on in his life,whether it is anger,love.

joy or pain.

If he feels:hurt, he expresses his anger right away (and does not get an unex-

plained headache a day later).

Is always ready to express his views.

Is indiscreet in what he says and in the time and place he says it. This careless-

ness hurts others,and through their reaction to him,it hurts him, too. Is usually

aware of what he is doing,but after the fact and not before.

Is more personal in what he speaks about and he talks with great freedom even

about the most personal matters.

Is prone to violating the confidence that others have put in him.

May be puzzled or vexed by others who are more closemouthed and unable to

talk.

May talk continuously or excessively.

Must be expected to reveal the confidence of relatives and friends.

Often interlaces what he has to say with personal examples that enhance the
conversation.

Since this trait reflects the usual expressive tendency of the individual, it is a

valuable gauge of the direction in which he should move vocationally. Public speak-

ing,teaching,entertaining, sales and other positions that profit from the freedom

of speech,are ideal occupations.

Talks about intimate matters too often and may embarrass other people by the

personal nature of what he discusses.

Talks to people outside the family with the same freedom he would use with his

closest friends.

Unburdens himself with words.

With him, one can always count on his conversation talking a personal trend.

With his automatic tendency to talk, he finds it hard to keep secrets. They just

＂pop out."

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Sarcasm

Definition:The use of bitter, caustic or stinging remarks expressing contempt, of-

ten by ironical statements. Sarcasm is expressed hostility based on a desire to

punish.

The sarcastic person is basically an ineffective person who is lacking the ability to

cope with his problems and carry through to his objectives.Because of his inade-

quacies he has developed a feeling of guilt or self-reproach,which is the basis for

his sarcasm.

High:

A sharp sarcasm is used for defensive purposes when he is hurt or irritated.

Although he is sharply sarcastic at times...

Annoyance can lead to stinging retorts.

Barbed remarks keep others at bay.

Becomes bitterly sarcastic every time his feelings are hurt.

Can be caustic.
Can lash out with sarcasm as sharp as a knife.

Can put a cutting edge to his comments.

Can resort to sarcasm when annoyed.

Can use stinging remarks to keep others at a distance.

Challenge him and he will respond with a tart comment.

Directs his desire to punish toward others in the form of cutting,hostile re-

marks.

Feels a need to defend himself by making sarcastic comments.

Feels safe from attack because others will be afraid of him.

Fends off encroachment with gibes at others' weak points.

Gets defensive when others use cutting language with him.

Harbors hard feelings that sometimes seek an outlet through sarcastic retorts.

Has a sharp tongue that can hurt others' feelings.

Has a stinging tongue when he wants to use it.

His speech is as sharp as a knife.

His tendency to make stinging remarks may cause deep hurts that will be re-

membered for a long time.

His tendency to use stinging remarks keeps others at a distance.

Hostile attitude may express itself in taunts and sarcastic remarks.

Hostility is reflected by his hot stinging words.

If he feels the need to defend himself, he may do so with subtle sarcasm.

Is capable of expressing displeasure with sharp sarcasm.

Is capable of using caustic and cutting remarks.

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Halaman 15

Is inclined to be sharp and caustic in his communications.

Isineined to be her od ith poted sorcasm which, though sharp.is fet.

Is ikely fo touch many a row nerve in more sensitive people with his sorcarie

ing.
remarks.

Is likely to use caustic language when annoyed.

Is often cutting in his remarks.

Keeps others at a distance with caustic remarks.

Keeps people at a safe distance with sharp remarks.

May express personal frustration through sarcasm.

Occasionally, he will resist others with a bit of sarcasm.

Often sorcasm wil be remembered long af ter he has forgotten how he used in

on someone.

Often,sarcasm is directed against an innocent victim serving as a scapegoat.

Other people may fear his sharp tongue and be afraid to bring their problems

to him.

People who provoke him may feel the sting of his tongue.

Probably puts others in their place with a biting remark.

Sarcasm is on offensive form of protection.It is a method of attempting to

bring other people down to his own level.

Sarcasm is his weapon when he is annoyed or angry.

Sarcasm keeps other people at a safe distance.

Sarcasm keeps others at a distance in your moments of annoyance.

Sarcasm may be used as a means of defense.

Sarcasm serves as a defense when his feelings are hurt.

Seen by others as an unpleasant person to have around.

Sensitive people are likely to find him somewhat sharp-tongued in some situa-

tions.

Should take care to suppress an inclination to be sarcastic.

Speaks bitterly and tends to make cutting remarks.

Speaks bitterly.

The sarcastic individual is capable of making a start but lacks the force to car-

ry through and reach his objectives. His resulting frustration is released in hostile

sarcasm against others.

The traces of sarcasm in his personality may hurt the feelings of others with-
out him knowing it or wanting it to hurt.

There is often a sharp edge to his remarks.

True,he is sharply sarcastic when annoyed, but these outbursts are brief in du

ration.

Uses sarcasm as a defense when he does not know how to handle a situation.

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Halaman 16

Uses sarcasm to keep others at a distance.

When displeased, he is likely to express his feelings by making cutting remarks.

When he is hurt, his tongue can be bitterly sarcastic.

When his ego is wounded, he is capable of saying bitterly cruel and sarcastic

things to others, things he may not mean at all.

When irritated or upset he resorts to sarcasm.

When opposed,he can become sarcastic.

When pushed,he is likely to react in anger. Those at the receiving end of this

anger are likely to feel his verbal barbs.

While he can be sarcastic with others, he will not tolerate it the other way

around.

（With diplomacy) A tactful manner softens the impact of his sarcastic respons-

es.

（With diplomacy) As verbally caustic as he sometimes be, he seldom offends.

（With diplomacy) Diplomacy tempers his sarcasm.

（With diplomacy. humor) His clever sense of humor has a cutting edge, but he

never deliberately hurts another person.

（With domineering) Since he is both domineering and sarcastic,his relationships

with employers and probably customers might not be pleasant.

（With irritability) His irritability may manifest itself in sarcasm.

Medium:

A slight degree of sarcasm is evident,but this seldom leads to anger.

Occasionally, if sufficiently hurt or irritated, he can be sarcastic,but he rarely

carries a grudge.

On rare occasions he can be sarcastic, but he is generally good-natured and un-

willing to use his wit to sting others.

When under pressure,he tends to become sarcastic.

Low:

A little sarcasm is present.

Usually tries to control his urge to speak sharply.

Secretiveness

Definition: The disposition to keep or make secrets, especially of his own concerns.

The tendency to withhold information.

Conscious effort to block off intimate information from others.

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A fhough he may not agree with something, he tends to keep his feelings to

As a defense:

himself because he wants to keep the peace.

Anticipates others' responses before speaking.

Avoids personal issues, not wanting to reveal too much about himself.

shordrhe et shuigt

thoughts or feelings.

Chooses carefuly how,when and with whom to share personal information.

Chooses carefully what information to share.

Defends hinself by just remaining silent when he should be expressing hinself.

Defends his privacy by holding back information of a personal nature.

Defends intrusion upon his privacy by becoming secretive about personal prob.

lems and information.

Does not always express what is bothering him.

Does not share his feelings easily and comfortably.

Escapes by limiting his answers to people who query him.Will tell only what he

feels they should know about him and will keep the rest of his life private.

Finally, to escope his fears, he may keep personal thoughts and information to

himself.

Functions on the theory that if he does not talk he cannot be blamed for what

he has said.

Has a private side that he intends to keep private, especially concerning events

in his past.

Has a pronounced ability to keep professional secrets.

Has a tendency to keep problems bottled up inside (until tension and anxiety

build up to unhealthy levels).

Has secrets he does not wish to share with others. Intentionally conceals things

about himself.

Hesitates to give verbal expressions for fear of repercussions from others.

His excessive sensitivity inhibits intimate communication.

In tight situations he can fall back on secretiveness; he will not reveal what he

really thinks if it will injure his cause.

Is not likely to reveal anything too personal.

Is very secretive about private matters revealing only what he wants others to

know.

Is unlikely to reveal his vulnerabilities,preferring to solve his own problems.

Keeps his affairs strictly to himself.

Keeps his own counsel,being reticent to the point of secrecy.

Keeps his own counsel.

Protects his privacy by not revealing all the information he has.

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Quickly becomes secretive when he feels that others are encroaching on his

privacy.

Rather than risk an unfavorable reception of his ideas or opinions, he does not
bring them out into the open: instead he keeps them to himself.

Says little to others because he believes in protecting himself.

Secretive about his deeper feelings, he seldom engages in intimate discussions

with outsiders.

Secretiveness is his defense against intrusion.

Seems to believe that he would be rejected if he truly revealed himself to oth-

ers.

Strong feelings about privacy.

Uses caution and discretion in what he reveals to others.

When he is upset, he can use silence ef fectively.

（With clannishness)Confides his deepest inner feelings only to those with whom

he shares a close relationship.

（With temper) If something bothers him, he rarely speaks up. Instead, he does

a slow burn until he is so mad he explodes, surprising those around him.

High:

Also, he will not always reveal all the facts. While this may be useful when fac-

ing his (opponents), it is a detriment if he fails to disclose all the facts to his asso-

ciates.

Although he is secretive, he shows no inclination to mislead or deceive.In fact.

his secretiveness may be a virtue under some circumstances.

As a rule, he is secretive and for no apparent reason may withhold even unim-

portant information from his associates.

At times, he prefers to keep his private thoughts to himself.even away from

those closest to him.

Being secretive,he disguises what he does not wish to divulge.

Can keep his own counsel through secretiveness.

Carries his own burdens rather than share them with others.

Conceals information that could be to his discredit.

Confides his inner feelings and his secret thoughts to few people.

Consciously conceals whatever he chooses not to reveal.

Consciously holds back what he chooses not to reveal.

Defends against intrusion on his privacy by secretively concealing what he wants

no one else to know.

Defends his privacy by not revealing personal information.

Does not like to discuss his private life.

Does not share his thoughts with others.

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Feels Ihat other's nay make adverse use of knowledge about himself.

Peels Ihrentened byeverl communication and most often keeps his thoughts

nnd feelings within.

Guar'ds hs mner feelngs carefully from prying eyes.

Guards his tongue.

Has cdhf ficulty confiding his feelings to others.

Has a tendency to keep his thoughts to himself.

Has a tendency to keep secrets.

Has a tendency to withhold information. He may not intend to be secretive,but

he will not of fer information unless he is asked for it.

Has developed the habit of secretiveness if he does not want his thoughts or

actions known.

Has his own unique way of discouraging personal questions.

His communication with others is composed mostly of agreements or silence.

Holds bnck information when it seems expedient to do so.

In fact, he is quite secretive although not deceptive.

In personal relationships, he appears reserved and uncommunicative.

Intentionally withholds data or facts.

Is fearful of expressing his thoughts,worrying about the reception his ideas

may receive.

Is more inclined 1o listen to what other people are saying than to speak himself.

Is naturally secretive.
Is not given to confiding in others.

Is not inclined to share his thoughts.

Is not talkative, and will remain silent if it serves his purpose.

Is rather secretive and reserved concerning his personal affairs.

Is very private about personal matters, revealing only what he wants others to

know.

Is very protective of his personal sphere.

It is impossible to get anything out of him if he does not wish to disclose it.

It may be difficult to get him to talk about what is bothering him.

Lacking the release of open expression, his worries often weigh heavily on him.

Likes keeping secrets, even from those closest to him.

May avoid sharing sensitive information.

May be secretive about some of his activities.

May find that his secretive nature can be a formidable obstacle to meaningful

communication.

May leave important things unsaid.

May protect someone else by hiding a defect or offense.

May put on a brave show in public and break down in private.

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Halaman 20

May withhold information from family and friends.

Most often,he is silent so that no one can get anything out of him.

Much goes on inside of him that no one on earth ever hears about.

Much of the time is reticent and even secretive.Under no circumstances would

he betray a confidence or a trust.

Much secretiveness is in evidence. Things that should be shared may are kept

under cover.

No amount of questioning will get anything out of him.

Not being completely open about personal matters,his secretive attitude may

cause people to wonder if he has anything to hide.

Nothing could persuade him to divulge what he wishes to keep to himself.

On the other hand, he can be depended upon to keep confidences.

Openness is not his style.

Particularly withholds personal information.

Plays his cards close to his chest.

Protects his secrets by avoiding talk but not by misrepresentation.

Rarely discloses his personal feelings to others.

Remains secretive in spite of his ease of oral expression. Does not talk more

than necessary.

Resists sharing his thoughts and intentions.

Seldom allows a spontaneous disclosure of his inner feelings.

Something unspoken frequently stands between him and those close to him.

Tells only what he wants others to know.

Tends to keep things to himself.

Tends to tell people only what he wants them to know and he needs much coax-

ing to speak of matters of personal concern.

Tends to withhold information from others.

The fact that he is secretive is,not doubt,a protective measure.

The facts he conceals may be quite unimportant, but because they are personal

in nature, he has classified them as private.

The secretive individual has problems, but while he acknowledges them to him-

self, he withholds them from others. He may do this because of guilt feelings, or

simply for reasons of expediency.

There are things even his best friends don't know.

There is no attempt to mislead or deceive, he merely blocks off intimate infor-

mation from others. It may be his confidences or those of someone else.

This lack of communication may be an integral problem spot in his (marriage).

To avoid unpleasantness,he has cultivated (conservatism) and has become

somewhat secretive.

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Uses secretiveness to keep his troubles to himself instead of bringing then out

into the open and solving them.

Very seldom will he reveal what he thinks.

Wants to keep certain facts private.

We may assume he wil not disclose either personal affairs nor company confi

dences.

When he is most upset, he is least inclined to talk it out.

When it comes to sharing his innermost thoughts,he can be close-mouthed even

to his best friends.

When others are revealing their secrets he stays silent.

While he refuses to take anyone into his confidence, he will listen to others'

carefully as they confide their secrets to him.

Will keep opinions and actions to himself.

Will soak up everything there is to know about others, but he will never reveal

his private thoughts.

Withholds facts,a personal burden or intimate information that he does not

wish to share.

Withholds information from others.

（With dignity) He reacts to conflicts by maintaining his dignity and saying noth-

ing.

（With frankness) He is usually frank in his communications with others,becom-

ing secretive only where there is good reason to do so.

（With frankness and talkativeness) Although he is frank and enjoys conversa-

tion, he can keep a secret or confidence.

（With responsiveness high)He can be trusted to keep others' secrets, but

sometimes those secrets weigh him down.

（With talkativeness) Really enjoys talking. In fact, even though she desires to

keep secrets, they sometimes get away from him.

Positive:

Can be discreet.

Can be trusted in confidential matters.

Can keep a secret forever, if necessary.

Can keep the confidences of his friends.

Confidences are safe with him.

Fits well into banking,investments,insurance,property management or corpora-

tion law, for example.

For people with problems, he is the perfect sounding board.

Has a way of winning the confidence of others and he will not betray their

trust.

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His ability to keep confidences will stand him in good stead in his professional

life where it is probable that he will be entrusted with matters requiring a high

degree of confidentiality.

Inspires trust in others because he can keep secrets and confidences.

Likely to be the one to whom others come to share a confidence.

People feel that they can trust him with important matters and he is unlikely to

betray their confidence.

Will not reveal other people's secrets nor does he talk about his own personal

problems.

Would function to advantage in positions requiring discretion.

Would function to advantage with professional people who deal in secrets and

must not betray facts.Used to protect others(doctors, counselors, investigators,

etc.).

Medium:

Confides his deepest inner feelings only to those with whom he shares a close

relationship.
Low:

Can express openly and directly what goes on within him, whether it be anger or

love.

Can give and receive personal information by talk,gesture and in writing without

the need to resort to indirect forms of communication.

Is able to have an open interchange of thoughts,ideas or opinions.

Is more personal in what he talks about and he can chat spontaneously of even

the more personal aspects of his life.

Is not afraid to speak his mind.

There are many occasions when he will blurt out something and then regret hav-

ing done so.

Talkativeness

Definition:Tendency to reveal information.Expresses his ideas,thoughts and opin-

ions whether anyone wants to hear them or not.

High:

A problem,which is capable of developing between him and an employer, is that

he wants to speak more than he listens.Even though an employer may want to learn

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Halaman 23

from an enployee, the subordinate must be wiling to respect the opinions of hig

superior.

Able to converse easily.

At times he is inclined to be talkative.

Being talkative, he might give someone his opinion whether they ask for it or

Being talkative, he wil talk just for the sake of talking, whe ther he has any-

not.

thing important to say or not.

Blunders verbally.

Can always be called upon to say something.

Can put thoughts into works quickly.

Cannot hear what others are saying because he is talking himself,or just wait.

ing until he can say what he wants to.

Cannot help saying what comes into his mind.

Could not keep a secret if he had one.

Discretion is hardly his long suit. It is difficult for him to keep a secret.He so

enjoys displaying his knowledge that he is apt to blurt out the most embarrassing

information (perhaps told to him in complete confidence).

Entertainment, law,high pressure selling and education are vocations in which

easy talk is needed.

Expresses himself freely.

Functions best where his life or livelihood depends upon his speed of verbal ex-

pression.

Has an opinion on everything.

Has no trouble in letting his opinions be known.

His talkative nature can create problems in situations where silence or long pe-

riods of utmost concentration are expected.

His true intents and desires are usually buried under a rush of irresponsible

words.

Is a compulsive talker and has an opinion on everything.

Is inclined to be verbally communicative.

Is likely to be a poor listener. Cannot hear what others are saying because he is

talking himself or just waiting until he can blurt out what he wants to say.

Is not likely to take the time for second thought.

It does not matter how sorry he is later, a hasty blunder of speech or a quick

condemnation of a loved one can cause damage that will take a lot longer to repair

than it did to destroy.

It is an emotional relief for him to express his reaction verbally.

Likes expressing how he feels, what he is doing, and what he plans to do.

May be a bore (if a shallow thinker).

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Never at a loss for words.

Often,his talking comes to no point, he seems to talk just to be talking.

Open expression,easy conversation,talkativeness,all these traits are part of

his nature.

Other people are likely to assume that he means what he says, and he will suf-

fer the consequences.

Others judge him according to his impetuous speech and treat him accordingly.

Practically lives on the telephone.

Prefers making friends with people who enjoy conversation as much as he does.

Probably a good story teller.

Ready to voice opinions.

Repeats too much and tells more than needs to be said.

Sometimes speaks before he realizes the possible damage and might tell a se-

cret or two accidentally. never on purpose.

Talkativeness can cause much pain because it permits unkind things to be said

by people who basically like each other.

Talkativeness interrupts own effort and that of others.

Talks a lot but may not be a very good listener. may say things he does not mean

and hurt others without realizing it.

Talks his head off and monopolizes other people's time.

Talks so much that most of the time he rarely hears what others are saying.

Too of ten,he speaks so quickly that he finds himself committed to something

he did not really want to do.

Where a considered response is required, he is a liability.

Where it is important to express immediately a first response, he works to ad-

vantage.

Would work to advantage as a broadcasting commentator, tour conductor,hotel

greeter, or in similar fields.

（With secretiveness) Really enjoys talking. In fact,even though she desires to

keep secrets, they sometimes get away from him.

Medium:

Although he would like to be able to say what is on his mind,he has enough con-

trols to hold back for a more suitable time.

Is trying to overcome the habit of talkativeness.

Somewhat talkative.

Low:

Communication in writing may be preferred to verbal interaction.

Guarded exterior means others cannot know what he thinks or feels.

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Holds in his first response.

Is deliberate in his choice of words.

Is less likely to express himself impulsively.

Likes to keep quiet while he works out what to say.

Most of time, he expresses his considered opinion.

Needs a breathing space to collect his thoughts before communicating.

Not able to reveal himself or share other's concerns.

Other can count on his communication to be an accurate indication of a con-

scious thought process.

Others ny misinterpret his characteristic silence as a lack of understandinggr

lack of caring.

Rarely speaks before he has had the occasion to think.

Says what is most effective in the moment.

When he speaks,he is most likely expressing his considered judgment.

APTITUDES AND VOCATIONAL LEANINGS

Creativity

Definition: Has the ability to create without precedent. His mind functions inven-
tively,reaching conclusions that are not the norm. May show high mental maturity.

High:

A creative quality of mind.

Ability to create without precedent.

Ability to use imagination creatively.

Adds creative thinking to his work.

Because he has a great deal of creative talent, he may (find himself as artist.

designer or instrucfors in multi-media arts).

Blessed with a creative mind.

Creative individual with a good mind who not only thinks for himself,(but can dl-

so defend such opinions when necessary).

Creativity is highly developed.

Creativity is indicated and there is a flair for the artistic.

does.

Has an original approach to things and puts his personal stamp on whatever he

through these channels.

Has considerable creative talent and may wish to express some of his energy

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Having creative Icanings himself, he can easily relate to people in creative en-

deavors.

His ability can be put to use almost everywhere, particularly in any of the fields

that require unique thinking and creativity.

His creativity may be expressed in small ways or on a larger scale.

His mind functions ingeniously,reaching conclusions that are not the norm.

His work is of ten in fields that require the artistic touch.

Looks for ingenious solutions to problems and is willing to experiment with the

unknown.

Needs to express himself creatively.

Skilled in presenting old or unused materials in new and innovative forms.

Skilled in transforming mental images into art.

The creative and artistic sides of his nature are great personal assets.When he

allows himself time to express these talents, he can find great satisfaction in

them.

There is a capacity for creativity.

Uses creativity to originate new product designs,architectural drawings, or a

new marketing Strategy.

Whatever he does, it would be difficult for him to keep to a tight or uniform

schedule,regardless of standard office procedure.

Will use creativity in his approach to projects and assignments.

With his creative talent,he may opt for a life in the arts. If he chooses anoth-

er line of work, he is likely to have artistic hobbies.

Would not be content having a job that only provides the necessities of life. He

needs a career to express his creative aptitudes.

（With showmanship) His artistic accomplishments need to be in the public eye.

Medium:

Applies some creative ideas mostly in areas with which he is already familiar.

Has a moderate amount of creativity, but tends to stick to more traditional

methods of handling problem situations.

Some creative ideas, but not in a consistent way.

Will probably be better at implementing established procedures than developing

creative ones, although it is not beyond his capability.

Low:

A more practical, matter-of-fact person.

Follows a pattern of conformity

Unable to think of ways to alter present plans or designs.

Unoriginal in most of his opinions and in his outlook.

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Cultural interests

Def intion He has gpod toste and o desire for culture.(This does not necessarily

mdicote talent: it is on aworeness and emotional reaction within the individual.)

High:

A cutural inclination that can give him an interest in the arts is evident.

A decided interest in cultural matters is reflected in this person's writing.

A desire to participate in things of life's beauty may find him involved in the

more artistic and creative fields.

Asense of culture is detected in all he does.

Abhors coarseness and vulgarity.

An appreciation of culture.

Anything clumsy,jarring,coarse,blatant,uncouth and basically inelegant is dis-

tostefui to him.

Appreciates culture, the arts, and beauty in general.

Appreciotes the arts and wants to be a participator rather than a spectator.

Appreciates the finer touch.

Appreciotes various aspects of culture.

Artistic pursuits.

Beauty and harmony are essential for his enjoyment in life.

Beauty in all its forms moves him emotionally.

Culture is important to him.

Culture piays an important part in his personal life.

Desires elegant living.gracious forms,gentle manners and pleasant surround-

ings.

Dirty work repels his refined nature, grease under the fingernails is not for

him.

Eosily influenced by his surroundings.

Even if the budget is small, you will seldom find him surrounded by orange

crates and dingy windows with no draperies. The walls may be covered with prints

of fine paintings.

Feels keenly for what is beautiful.

Hos a decided cultural trend.

Has a desire for culture and good taste.

Has a need for tasteful surroundings.

Has cultural inclinations,and enjoys the beauty of his surroundings.

Hes cultural leanings.

Has literary leanings and cultural interests.

Has strong cultural aptitudes.

His aptitudes rate higher in the cultural area.

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His cultural appreciation would be a plus factor.

His is an admirer of beauty.

His strong cultural leanings (fit in well with an artistic environment).

In his monner,speech and character, he is instinctively refined.

Interested in finer accomplishments such as art, literature or music.

Is a cultured personality.

Is a lover of things of beauty and color, or of music and art.

Is almost sure to have a beautiful private office. It may have soft lights, flow-

ers,a down-cushioned sofa and a cherry-wood desk.

Is keen to surround himself with beautiful things.

（With pride) He wants to draw approval by being conventional in his behavior.

Medium:

As others get to know him better, they discover that he has a great apprecia-

tion for culture.

Generally has good taste.

Usually conscious of beauty in things as well as in people.

Low:

Can cope with conditions and situations that more refined people find intolera-

ble.
His cultural tastes are not highly developed.

Is coarser and less refined.

Is less sensitive to things and relationships that are disharmonious and repug-

nant.

Lacking in aesthetic taste.

Lacking in refinement and good taste.

No fascination with collectors' items.

Not excited by cultural products.

Tasteful furnishings do not stimulate any enthusiasm.

Literary leaning

Definition:He has a natural aptitude for literature.

High:

A book is one gift he loves to receive.

Also has literary leanings and in all probability has some literary talent himself.

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Appears to be especially talented in literature.

Appreciates literature and scholarly works.

As a child, he probably had no trouble learning to read.

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rdanodtso use his fociaty with wornds to become a writer,teacher,lowyer.ormk

word.

ister.

Communicates with lucidity and style.

Could develop, or perhaps has developed, the ability to write well.

Could make his mark in literature.

Creative on paper.

Cultural interest in the art of good writing.

Devotes time to the constructive use of words.

Does not take kindly to abuse of the language.

Drawn to writing as the most explicit way of presenting his conclusions.

Eloquent and articulate, he could easily make his living with words.

Excels in any field where language and communication skills are useful.

Expresses himself with style.

Extensive vocabulary likely.

Feels deprived and frustrated in a non-literary atmosphere.

Feels it's not a book unless it's a hard cover, and smells and feels like a book.

Good writing ability.

Has a flair for colorful and telling phraseology.

Has a flair for writing, even though this may not have occurred to him.

Has a great deal of literary ability (and traits to support the expression of it)

Has a natural aptitude for literary matters.

Has a special talent for words.

Has a talent for using words to his benefit.

Has a way with words.

Has decided literary tendencies.

Has marked literary leanings as well.

Has mental ability to describe what he sees in graphic and moving language.

Has not only the ability to write, but to express himself well in conversation.

His idea of a good time is to relax with a good book, especially one with inspiro

tional value.

His literary leanings are such that one might expect him to write a book abouf.

His mental energies flow toward the field of literature and creative writing

If others are looking for him, they should try the bookstore.

In all likelihood he learned foreign tongues ef fortlessly and he probably under

stands and reads more than one language.

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Intentional search for ideas expressed by others for his own use, assimilation,
learning,etc. The source can be books, other publications, research information.

movies, televisions, or the new "information highway".

Interested in the proper use of words,both written and spoken.

Interested in the use of words to express ideas.

Is a natural storyteller.

Is attracted to matters or persons related to the literary field.

Is probably a keen reader.

Is probably a lover of good books and likes to discuss learned subjects when he

meets other knowledgeable people.

Is probably excited about books.

Knowledgeable about works of literature.

Learns best by visual methods.

Letter writing is enjoyed.

Likes to think about how words can produce the best effect.

Likes well-organized discourse.

Likes written contracts over verbal agreements.

Loves to curl up with a good book.

Makes time for a great deal of reading or writing.

May be a bookworm or a dedicated user of the library.

May be a crossword addict or have some other word-game interest.

May be drawn to educational activities.

May be strongly inclined toward literary expression.

May like to teach or lecture or he may be fond of working in some capacity on

the stage or in the theater.

Most likely is excited about books and an excellent reader.

Needs a job where written work is an integral part.

Needs to explore ways of making words work for him.

Picking up information from minds of others or communication aimed toward the

minds of others.

Possesses inherent literary ability and is probably fond of reading and writing.

Presumably, he is fascinating story tellers.

Probably delights in communicating with others and sharing his knowledge ver-

bally or on paper.

Probably did not mind being called on to recite and he may have smiled as the

rest of the students sighed, when a theme was assigned.

Probably enjoys reading and study.

Probably has a membership in the local library, and belongs to several book

clubs.

Probably has such a respect for the printed word that he hates paperbacks.

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