ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT 9g salEIA = Environmental Impact Assessment is a process of evaluating the likely environmental impacts of a proposed project or development, taking into account inter-related socio-economic, cultural and human-health impacts, both beneficial and adverse effects. m= Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a tool used to identify the environmental, social and economic impacts of a project prior to decision-making (UNEP).AIM To predict environmental impacts at an early stage in project planning and design, find ways and means to reduce adverse impacts, shape projects to suit the local environment and present the predictions and options to decision-makers. By using EIA both environmental and economic benefits can be achieved, such as reduced cost and time of project implementation and design, avoided treatment/clean-up costs and impacts of laws and regulations. “itwillbe costly to respond to climate change ‘our emissions, Those costs can be offs logal foes, for proparing and defending o Impact statements."EIA IN INDIA EIA activities in India comes under Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, GOI. EIA has now been made mandatory under the Environmental (Protection) Act, 1986 for 29 categories of developmental activities involving investments of Rs.50 crores and above.EIA CYCLES & PROCEDURES The EIA process in India is made of the following phases: Screening Scoping & consideration of alternatives (Time limit) Baseline data collection(Air, Water, Land, Socio-economic, Biological Impacts) Impact Analysis Mitigation and EIA statement(EMP) Public hearing (Proponents and Decision makers) Decision Making Monitoring the Clearance Condition (Construction and Operation phase)Public involvement typically occurs at this stage it could occur at any other stage of the EIA process = ma Wien re “Fars you tan reread IMPACT ns Salone rats Daw esAa ea | —= a = Information from this Process EIA —e— mare ENA Cycles & ProceduresBENEFITS OF EIA Protection of environment Promotes community participation Environmentally sound projects Lower project costs in the long term Increased project acceptance and Improved project design Optimum utilization of resourcesDISADVANTAGES IN EIA Time consuming and costly. Unavailability for reliable data (mostly in developing countries). Monitoring after EIA is seldom carried out.SUMMARY What is EIA? What is the need for EIA? EIA in India Steps involved. Benefits and Disadvantages.