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ENGLISH 12 – EXTRA VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR

PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES
A. Read the sentences and complete them with the prepositions in, on or at.
1. My brother is working part-time _______ the hospital.
2. There is a TV set _______ the corner of the room.
3. James sits _______ the front of the class.
4. They went _______ a boat ride on the river.
5. Homeless people sleep _______the streets of most major cities.
6. He had to stay _______ hospital for a week after his operation.
7. They stood _______ the street corner handing out leaflets.
8. The robbers parked their car _______ front of the bank.
B. Read the sentences and complete them with the prepositions in, on, at, by, for, from or out.
1. You can hand in your assignments _______ Tuesday _______ the very latest.
2. A tattoo is _______ life. So, think carefully before deciding on having one done.
3. Kick-off is in twenty minutes, so _______ the meantime, do your warm-up exercises.
4. ln the beginning, I didn’t want to have a party _______ my birthday, but now I’ve changed my mind.
5. Typewriters are already _______ of date.
6. You should read the introduction _______ the beginning of the book.
7. From now _______, no one is allowed to enter the school building during the lunch break.
8. I haven’t seen Michael _______ ages, so I’m going to visit him at the weekend.
9. It’s a pity I have to remain indoors _______ such a nice day.
10. I can’t talk to you _______ the moment. Ring me back in______ a while.
11. It’s difficult to see the moon in the sky _______ day.
12. I’m really worried about Sam. He should have been here _______ now.
C. Read the sentences on the left and match the phrasal verbs with their correct number in the box next to each
definition.
a. escape b. overcome c. manage to live d. have a good relationship e. avoid being punished
1. Joe was a fussy person and difficult to get on / along with.
2. The police surrounded the building, making it difficult for the criminals to get away.
3. He always gets away with his bad behaviour.
4. A large percentage of the population get by on very little money.
5. It took Betty months to get over her father’s death.
a. get rid of sth unwanted b. demolish c. move closer to the side of the road and stop
1. The authorities declared the building unsafe and had it pulled down immediately.
2. A strange rattling noise forced the driver to pull over onto the hard shoulder.
3. It was time I threw out / away my old trainers. They were torn.

FREQUENTLY CONFUSED WORDS

Group A: find out invent discover detect
1. Many serious illnesses may be cured if they are ________________ early enough.
2. We must ________________ as much as we can about the gang,” said the detective.
3. Was it Captain Cook who _____________ Australia?
4. The first camera, the Kodak 1, was _______________ by G. Eastman in 1888.

Group B: explore investigate look for look up research

1. The police came to ______________the murder immediately.
2. I still have ________________ to do for my project on sharks.
3. I must ________________ this word in the dictionary, because I don’t remember what it means.
4. Mum, I’m _____________ my trainers. Have you seen them?
5. As soon as the five friends got to the cave, they decided to ________________ it.

Group C: attempt effort trial experiment

1. It takes a lot of __________________and patience to learn how to play a musical instrument.
2. John’s case came to ____________________and in the end he was found innocent.
3. The athlete failed in his last _______________ to break the world record.
4. Many cosmetic companies claim they don’t carry out ____________ on animals.
5. I worked for the company for a(n)____________________ period of two weeks before I was fully employed.

Group D: audience spectators viewers sightseers onlookers witnesses

1. The ______________ disagreed with the referee’s decision and interrupted the football match.
2. The two teenagers claimed they were just ______________and had nothing to do with the fight.
3. Paris attracts thousands of ______________all year round.
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4. At the end of the play, the ______________ applauded enthusiastically.

5. The ______________ were asked to give a detailed description of the accident.
6. The concert was broadcast on TV and attracted one billion ________________ worldwide.

Group E: memorise remind recall recognize

1. I didn’t ________________her at first. She had changed a lot.
2. I had to ______________ his phone number because I didn't have a pen to write it down.
3. I’ll ring Dad to _________________him to buy coffee, otherwise he’ll forget.
4. My grandfather can still__________________ scenes of World War II.

Group F: view sight image vision scene

1. The sun affects my ____________ when I’m driving, so I always wear sunglasses.
2. We have a superb ___________________0f the sea from our balcony.
3. The child started to cry at the __________________ of the dogs.
4. The television show was about the __________________ you can visit in Rome.
5. The police arrived at the ________ scene_________ of the accident within minutes.
6. An actor's _________________ is important for his career.
7. I ran out of paint, so I couldn’t finish the sky for the background __________________ in the play.
8. When we were leaving the flower show, we were asked to fill in a questionnaire to give our _________ on what we
had seen.
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IDIOMS – FINANCIAL WORRIES

Read the email. Match the idioms with the correct meanings.

be poorer, unhappier, etc. than before – OPP be better off

have sth to use when in difficulty

finish paying money that is owned for sth

rescue sb from a difficult situation, usually with money

very poor; with very little money to live on

find or get sth that you want or really need

INF spend a lot of money on sth, usually the money you don’t want to spend –
SYN pay sth out

pay for everything yourself without relying on others

INF almost

Read the correct the mistakes in the following sentences.

0. I’ve always paid my only way. own
1. I Had to fork over $30 just to get into the club.
2. Where am I going to lay my hand on $5,000?
3. He still has to pay out most of his debts.
4. A lot of families are living on the breadqueue.
5. If she spends her salary, she’ll have no money to fill back on.
6. Now she’s got promotion, she’ll be better on.
Read and complete the text. Write ONE word for each gap.

Mark the letter A, B, Cor D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined
word(s) in each of the following questions.
Question 1: Each of us should give a hand to prevent the pandemic by staying at home and Just going out for emergent
situations.
A. help B. control C. manage D. try
Question 2: Hold on. I’ll be ready in some moments.
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A. think B. say C. wait D. go

Question 3: If you find yourself at a loose end, you can always clean the bathroom. Don’t just sit still!
A. have so many things to do B. have nothing to do
C. have a few things to do D. have intention of doing something
Question 4: Does television adequately reflect ethnic and cultural diversity of the country? Are there any programs which
introduce each region’s features, culture and people?
A. minority B. majority C. difference D. variety
Question 5: She is nice but I don’t feel I can confide in her. I won’t tell her my secrets.
A. tell the truth B. tell a lie
C. share my thoughts with D. believe
Question 6: Royal banquets are held in the castle once a month. These are the occasions for participants to know each other
and have more chances to enjoy delicious dishes.
A. parties B. meetings C. conferences D. workshops
Question 7: I was at the bus stop this morning when, for no apparent reasons, the man opposite me suddenly screamed. No
one knew what happened to him.
A. parties B. obvious C. spacious D. confusing
Question 8: I found the book so gripping that I couldn’t put it down. I like its ending and characters.
A. effective B. sensitive C. boring D. interesting
Question 9: My grandfather is a good-natured person. He often does the charity and helps poor people.
A. wicked B. lazy C. kind-hearted D. mean
Question 10: She was very vulnerable because her boyfriend had left her without any words.
A. able to be well protected B. able to be easily hurt
C. able to be well known D. able to be equally treated
Question 11: Men are more expected to be a breadwinner in a family than women.
A. the family member who likes bread
B. the family member who is responsible for childcare
C. the family member who is willing to share the domestic chores
D. the family member who earns money that the family needs.
Question 12: We assembled in the meeting room after lunch. The manager had an important announcement to all staffs.
A. studied B. gathered C. sat D. stood
Question 13: It will take us more or less 5 hours to travel from Ha Noi to Dien Bien province.
A. approximately B. considerably C. definitely D. probably
Question 14: The children can’t wait for the trip to the beach. They have kept talking about it lately.
A. look at B. dream C. look forward to D. think about
Question 15: My mother always shows off her culinary talents whenever we have a family reunion. She prepares a lot of
dishes.
A. having to do with food and cooking B. involving hygienic conditions and diseases
C. relating to medical knowledge D. concerning nutrition and health
Question 16: A sudden thunderstorm had drenched me to the skin. I changed my clothes right after I got home because I
didn’t want to have a cold.
A. made me very dirty B. made me very wet
C. made me very sad D. made me very diy
Question 17: I would like to buy a new computer, so I started setting aside a small part of my monthly earnings 3 months ago.
A. spending on B. using up C. putting out D. saving up
Question 18: Their project is likely to feasible because of its positive results.
A. costly B. troublesome C. practicable D. capable
Question 19: Chris deserves our special thanks for what he has done for us. Perhaps we should send him a gift or some
delicious food.
A. ought to be denied B. might be produced
C. should be given D. could be rejected
Question 20: Although it was a hazardous journey, many people wanted to experience this new type of tourism.
A. risky B. unforgettable C. exciting D. relaxing
Question 21: Add a large handful of chopped herbs into the soup. That will make the soup much more tasteful.
A. number B. peace C. part D. amount
Question 22: The ship was sinking fast so the captain gave the order to abandon it. Fortunately, there were enough boats for
all people.
A. sell B. leave C. fix D. buy
Question 23: Data from the submarine will pave the way for a more detailed exploration of sea beds. Scientists may use it for
their further studies.
A. lighten B. protect C. initiate D. end
Question 24: Only excellent students are entitled in a full scholarship of that prestigious university.
A. are given the right to B. are refused the right to
C. are exposed to D. have the obligation to
Question 25: Some people advocated using force to stop violence in the street.
A. openly praised B. publicly said
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C. publicly supported D. strongly recommend

Question 26: After the tsunami, a lot of buildings had collapsed, which caused the deaths of thousands of people.
A. taken off accidentally B. fell down unexpectedly
C. exploded suddenly D. erupted violently
Question 27: The irrigation in South Vietnam helps reduce the water shortage in the fields, even the ones far from the rivers.
A. cleaning with water B. growing with water
C. supplying water D. pushing with water
Question 28: The fall of the Berlin Wall marked the dawn of a new era in European history.
A. outcome B. closure C. expansion D. beginning
Question 29: The movie made me a bit bewildered but I enjoyed it. The ending is open, so different people may understand in
different ways.
A. surprised B. confused C. excited D. depressed
Question 30: The government should play a more prominent role in promoting human rights, not any organizations or
individuals.
A. significant B. casual C. informal D. serious
Question 31: When you are on the street, you should be careful and be on the alert for the cars, trucks or buses.
A. go through B. watch out C. look for D. look into
Question 32: She was proclaimed Queen at the age of 13 after the sudden death of her father. All citizens knew her position
and face well.
A. invited B. installed C. declared D. advised
Question 33: I think of making computer smarter as intelligence augmentation. More assigned tasks can be operated by the
computer.
A. necessity B. fall C. decrease D. increase
Question 34: The regulation must be applied irrespective of someone’s ethnic origin. All people have to follow it.
A. regardless B. in spite C. considering D. despite
Question 35: That the 23rd ranged player beat the champion was incredulous. Everyone was so surprised.
A. excellent B. unimaginable C. disbelieving D. despite
Question 36: The mountain terrains pose particular problems for civil engineers. It’s hard for them to complete the project on
schedule.
A. do B. cause C. play D. dismiss
Question 37: The patients find that the effects of the injection wear off after an hour. They are more comfortable and not hurt
anymore.
A. gradually disappearing B. quickly appear
C. fast affect D. quickly turn
Question 38: The shopkeeper said that all the defective parts would be replaced without charge except for the fact that the
users broke them.
A. good B. doubting C. uncertain D. imperfect
Question 39: I haven’t seen them since that memorable evening when we had the farewell party. I’m sure everyone thinks
about it a lot.
A. unforgettable B. remarkable C. incredible D. eventful
Question 40: When we did the voluntary work in the remote area, we asked for adjoining rooms. I remember they were rooms
201 and 202.
A. friendly B. distant C. neighboring D. doubled
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PREPOSITIONS
Part A

Part B

FREQUENTLY CONFUSED WORDS

Group A: find out invent discover detect
5. Many serious illnesses may be cured if they are ________________ early enough.
6. We must ________________ as much as we can about the gang,” said the detective.
7. Was it Captain Cook who _____________ Australia?
8. The first camera, the Kodak 1, was _______________ by G. Eastman in 1888.
find out and discover: find out implies what you were looking for already is known or exists. discover implies finding
something new. You can find out about things that have been already discovered.
When used as verbs, detect means to discover or find by careful search, examination, or probing, whereas discover means to
find or learn something for the first time.

Group B: explore investigate look for look up research

6. The police came to ______________the murder immediately.
7. I still have ________________ to do for my project on sharks.
8. I must ________________ this word in the dictionary, because I don’t remember what it means.
9. Mum, I’m _____________ my trainers. Have you seen them?
10. As soon as the five friends got to the cave, they decided to ________________ it.
Explore implies movement around a place or destination. I'm exploring the city of Paris. She's exploring the store's website.
Investigate implies studying a problem in order to figure out a solution. We're investigating this murder. The reporter
investigated why the state's tax revenues didn't meet projections.
Look for find sth, in general
Look up means to try to find a piece of information by looking in a book or on a computer
Research (n -v) to study a subject in detail, especially in order to discover new information or reach a new understanding | a
study
Group C: attempt effort trial experiment
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6. It takes a lot of __________________and patience to learn how to play a musical instrument.

7. John’s case came to ____________________and in the end he was found innocent.
8. The athlete failed in his last _______________ to break the world record.
9. Many cosmetic companies claim they don’t carry out ____________ on animals.
10. I worked for the company for a(n)____________________ period of two weeks before I was fully employed.
Attempt (n) the act of trying to do something, especially something difficult
Effort (n) physical or mental activity needed to achieve something
Group D: audience spectators viewers sightseers onlookers witnesses
7. The ______________ disagreed with the referee’s decision and interrupted the football match.
8. The two teenagers claimed they were just ______________and had nothing to do with the fight.
9. Paris attracts thousands of ______________all year round.
10. At the end of the play, the ______________ applauded enthusiastically.
11. The ______________ were asked to give a detailed description of the accident.
12. The concert was broadcast on TV and attracted one billion ________________ worldwide.
Sightseers a person who is visiting interesting places, especially on holiday
Onlooker someone who watches something that is happening in a public place but is not involved in it
Witnesses a person who sees an event happening, especially a crime or an accident

Group E: memorise remind recall recognize

5. I didn’t ________________her at first. She had changed a lot.
6. I had to ______________ his phone number because I didn't have a pen to write it down.
7. I’ll ring Dad to _________________him to buy coffee, otherwise he’ll forget.
8. My grandfather can still__________________ scenes of World War II.

Group F: view sight image vision scene

9. The sun affects my ____________ when I’m driving, so I always wear sunglasses.
10. We have a superb ___________________0f the sea from our balcony.
11. The child started to cry at the __________________ of the dogs.
12. The television show was about the __________________ you can visit in Rome.
13. The police arrived at the ________ scene_________ of the accident within minutes.
14. An actor's _________________ is important for his career.
15. I ran out of paint, so I couldn’t finish the sky for the background __________________ in the play.
16. When we were leaving the flower show, we were asked to fill in a questionnaire to give our _________ on what we
had seen.
+ scene: a place where an unpleasant event has happened
+ sights: interesting places