CHARACTERISTICS OF HOT AND

DRY CLIMATIC ZONE

 High temperature
 Low humidity and rainfall
 Intense solar radiation and generally clear skies
 Hot winds during day and cold winds during night
 Sandy or rocky ground with little vegetation
 Low underground water table and few sources of surface water
 Eg.- Rajasthan,Ahmedabad(Guj)
 Ventilation needed
 Compactly placed houses
 Plantation keeps surrounding pleasant
 Rivers are dry
 Primary winds-SW to NE,secondary winds -NE to SW (cooler-
brings rain)
 Around 45-48 degree latitudes-difused belt-have long hours of
sunlight,generally mist is not there.
 Place wayer body in primary wind direction so the surrounding
will be cooler-mist.(water body absorbs heat during day and
radiates during night)

DESIGN PRINCIPLE:
Urban Environment
o Max. shade and min. heat gains.Compact shade,eg. Pol.
o Min. reflection and glare from indirect solar radiation in street
and open space and moderating the effects of undesirable
winds.
o Sharing common walls.no exposed walls.
o North should have more openings. South should have smaller
windows(no radiation).
 o Larger,longer floor plates with courtyard in centre.Blocks heat
and shade provided since more height.
o Good air circulation.Bottom window-for colder air while eating.
Eye level window-to go ouy,talk,etc.
Upper window-for hotter air to go out.
o N
W E

S
Longer side on north.sun is never on north-no direct
light.Hence only open on north.Treat southern façade(evenings).
o N

W E

S
Need to treat west and east side since they are longer .Not
preferable.
o Concrete can be avoided along with bricks.mud can be used.
o Thickness of walls should be according to materials.
o Treat flat slab with watee body,vegetation.
o Collect rainwater.
o Courtyard ratio should be maintained.eg. height more ,length
less shady.
o Surface to volume ratio.circular shapes are good here.
Surface area heat gain/loss.

YUVIKA GUPTA 21BAR095