1. What are the difference between a Role and Profile?

With roles can control access to records. They also impact reports
(e.g. “My Teams” filter). When secirity model are set to private Roles come into
play.

Profiles help determine record privileges. Assuming the User can see the record,
Profiles determine what the User can do, view or edit on that record. Profiles
control
other system privileges as well (mass email, export data, etc)

In simple words, Roles are one of the ways you can control access to records and
Profiles
determine what the User can do, view or edit on that record.

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2. What is Permission Set?

A permission set is a collection of settings and permissions that give users access
to various tools and functions.

The settings and permissions in permission sets are

also found in profiles, but permission sets extend users’ functional access without
changing their profiles.

Permission sets make it easy to grant access to the various apps and custom objects
in your org, and to take away access when it’s no longer needed.

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3. What are the different levels of data access in Salesforce?

Organization level security

For your whole org, you can maintain a list of authorized users, set password
policies,
and limit logins to certain hours and locations.

Private :- Only the owner can access.

Public Read :- Every user can read and Edit the data.
Read/Write :- Every user’s can read and edit the data.
Read/Write & Transfer :- A user can read ,write and transfer.
Here transfer means we can transfer permissions and change the ownership.

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4. User Management Administration

As a Salesforce administrator, you manage users in your org. Besides creating and
assigning users,
user management includes working with permissions and licenses, delegating users,
and more.

As an administrator, you perform user management tasks, such as:

Create and edit users

Reset passwords
Create Google Apps accounts
Grant permissions
Create and manage other types of users
Create custom fields
Set custom links
Run reports on users
Delegate user administration tasks to other users

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5. Sharing Rules

Use sharing rules to extend sharing access to users in public groups, roles, or
territories.
Sharing rules give particular users greater access by making automatic exceptions
to your
org-wide sharing settings.

Owner-Based Sharing Rules

An owner-based sharing rule opens access to records owned by certain users.
For example, a company’s sales managers need to see opportunities owned by
sales managers
in a different region. The U.S. sales manager could give the APAC sales
manager access to
the opportunities owned by the U.S. team using owner-based sharing.

Criteria-Based Sharing Rules

A criteria-based sharing rule determines with whom to share records based on
field values.
For example, you have a custom object for job applications, with a custom
picklist field
named “Department.” A criteria-based sharing rule could share all job
applications in
which the Department field is set to “IT” with all IT managers in your
organization.