Computer Aided Manufacturing

BITS Pilani Dr. Kurra Suresh

Pilani Campus
 BITS Pilani
Pilani Campus

Lecture # 7

Turning Center Programming

Objectives

 G-Codes and M-codes for CNC turning

 G90 and G94 Canned cycles

BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus

Turning Center Programming
G – Codes:
G00 – Rapid traverse positioning
G01 – Linear interpolation
G02 – Circular interpolation (CW)
G03 – Circular interpolation (CCW)
G04 – Dwell
G20 – Inch data input
G21 – Metric data input
G98 – Feed (mm/min)
G99 – Feed (mm/rev)
G96 – Spindle speed (m/min)
G97 – Spindle speed (rpm)
G40 – Tool radius compensation cancel
G41 – Tool radius compensation left
G42 – Tool radius compensation right
G28 – Reference point return
G33 – Single pass threading
Canned Cycles:
G90 – Rough turning canned
cycle
G94 – Facing canned cycle
G92 – Thread cutting canned
cycle
G71 – Stock removal in turning
G70 – Finishing cycle
G73 – Pattern repeating cycle
G74 – Peck drilling in Z-axis
G75 – Peck grooving in X-axis
BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus
Turning Center Programming
M – Codes:

M00 – Program stop

M01 – Optional stop
M02 – End of program
M03 – Spindle start (CW)
M04 – Spindle start (CCW)
M05 – Spindle stop
M06 – Tool change
M08 – Coolant on
M09 – Coolant off
M30 _ End of program and rewind
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Manual Facing (Using G00 &
G01)

[Billet X25 Z70

G21 G98 ;
•G28 U0 W0 ;
•M06 T7 ;
•M03 S1000 ; 70
•G00 X26 Z1 ;
•G01 X25 Z–0.5 F60 ;
•G01 X0 ;
•G00 X26 Z1 ; 25
•G01 Z–1 ;
•G01 X0 ;
•G00 X26 Z1 ;
•G01 Z–1.5 ; 68
•G01 X0 ;
•G00 X26 Z1 ;
•G01 Z–2 ;
•G01 X0 ;
•G28 U0 W0 ;
•M05 ;
•M30 ;

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FACING CYCLES (USING G94)

[Billet X25 Z70

G21 G98 ;
G28 U0 W0 ;
M06 T7 ; 70

M03 S1000 ;
G00 X26 Z1 ; 25
G94 X0 Z–0.5 F60 ;
Z–1 ; 68
Z–1.5 ;
Z–2 ;
G28 U0 W0 ;
M05 ;
M30 ;

BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus

TAPER TURNING

[Billet X25 Z70

G21 G98 ;
G28 U0 W0 ;
M06 T7 ;
M03 S1000 ;
G00 X26 Z1 ;
G01 X24 Z0 F50 ;
G01 X25 Z-45 ;
G00 X26 Z1 ;
G01 X23 Z0 ;
G01 X25 Z-45 ;
G28 U0 W0 ;
M05 ;
M30 ;

BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus

Taper turning (using G90 & R
+ve)
[Billet X25 Z70
G21 G98 ;
G28 U0 W0 ;
M06 T7 ;
M03 S1000 ;
G00 X26 Z0 ; (Z position is important)
G90 X24 Z-45 R0.5 F50 ;
X23 R1 ;
X22 R1.5 ;
X21 R2 ;
X20 R2.5 ;
X19 R3 ;
X18 R3.5 ;
G28 U0 W0 ;
M05 ;
M30 ;

BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus

Taper Turning (G 90 & R – Ve)

[Billet X25 Z70

G21 G98 ;
G28 U0 W0 ;
M06 T7 ;
M03 S1000 ;
G00 X26 Z0; (Z position is important)
G90 X25 Z-45 R-0.5 F50;
X25 R-1 ;
X25 R-1.5 ;
X25 R-2 ;
X25 R-2.5 ;
X25 R-3 ;
X25 R-3.5 ;
G28 U0 W0 ;
M05 ;
M30 ;

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G90 Cycle
G90 X (U) __ Z (W) __ I/R __

With this cycle all cuts are made parallel to the Z axis, unless a taper is
programmed.

X is the required diameter at the Z location

If U is programmed it represents the incremental change in diameter (if
programming in diameter mode)

Z is the absolute end point for the cut

If W is programmed it represents the incremental change along the Z axis

I is the taper amount, it is programmed as the incremental change in radius,

as calculated by the difference of X at the beginning of the taper and the
programmed X.

I and R are interchangeable

If there is no taper I0 or R0 can be programmed, if one of these two codes is
not programmed, then the controller will assume there is no taper to the
feature. BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus
MULTIPLE TURNING (USING
G71 & G70)
G71 U R [U – Rough depth of cut, R – Retract amount]
G71 P Q U W F [P – Start line, Q – End line]
[Billet X25 Z70
G21 G98 ;
G28 U0 W0 ;
M06 T3 ;
M03 S1000 ;
G00 X26 Z1 ;
G71 U0.5 R0.2 ;
G71 P10 Q20 U0.1 W0.1 F50 ; Page number 419 in CAD/CAM by
N10 G00 X8 ; PN Rao
G01 Z0 ; P: First block of sequence number in the program
G01 X13 Z-9 ; that controls the WP area to be machined.
G01 X13 Z-19 ; Q: last block of sequence number in the program
G02 X19 Z-22 R3; that controls the WP area to be machined.
G01 X19 Z-32; U: Finish allowance to be left for removal during
N20 G03 X25 Z-35 R3; finishing cycle along X-axis
G70 P10 Q20 S1300; W: Finish allowance to be left for removal during
G28 U0 W0; finishing cycle along X-axis
M05; M30; BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus
MULTIPLE TURNING (USING
G71 & G70)

The tool is positioned at point P before calling the cycle and the part profile is defined from
point A to B. The signs of the finish allowances U and W are as follows.
Case 1 (Outside-Right) : U +, W +
Case 2 (Outside-Left) : U +, W –
Case 3 (Inside-Right) : U -, W +
Case 4 (Inside-Left) : U -, W -
BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus
BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus