Intermolecular Forces of Attraction

What is the intermolecular force of attraction?

The force that mediates attraction between molecules

Types of Intermolecular Force of Attraction

Hydrogen Bond – Hydrogen (positively charged) attracted to N,O,F

(Negatively charged)

Dipole-Dipole – Attraction between the positive end of one polar molecule

to the negative end of one polar molecule.

London Dispersion – Applicable only to Non-Polar compounds,

momentarily attraction between molecules.
HYDROGEN BONDING

Hydrogen is electrostatically attracted to Nitrogen, Oxygen, Fluorine or other

highly electronegative atoms
DIPOLE-DIPOLE

Attraction between a positive and negative ends of two polar molecules

LONDON DISPERSION

Temporary (temporary dipole) attraction due to the movement of electrons.

Properties Affected by IMFA
STRONG
Strong Intermolecular Force:
Hydrogen Bonding
1. Increase Surface Tension
2. Increase Viscosity
3. Increase Boiling Point and Melting Point
4. Decrease Vapor Pressure
Dipole-Dipole
Weak Intermolecular Force:

1. Decrease Surface Tension

2. Decrease Viscosity
3.
4.
Decrease Boiling Point and Melting Point
Increase Vapor Pressure
London Dispersion
WEAK
Dipole-Dipole and Hydrogen Bond may co-exist
Practice!
End of Presentation