1A-

1B-

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A) Be > Ca > Sr > Mg

Ca > Mg> Be

B) The blue-black colour of the solution is due to the presence of ammoniated electrons.

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It is known that,
p=mM=RTV
For methane (CH4),
PCH4=3.216×8.314×3009×10−3[Since 9 dm3=9×10−3m327∘=300 K]=5.543×104Pa
For carbon dioxide (CO2),
pCO2=4.444×8.314×3009×10−3=2.771×104PA
Total pressure exerted by the mixture can be obtained as:
p=PCH4+PCO2=(5.543×104+2.771×104)Pa=8.314×104 Pa
Hence, the total pressure exerted by the mixture is 8.314×104Pa.

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4A-

W=−∫V1V2PdV=−P(V2−V1)
W=−(1 atm)(20−10)=−10 dm3 atm.

=−1atm×10 dm3×0.08206 dm3−atm/K/mol8.314 J/K/mol=−1013 J

According to 1st law of thermodynamics,

△U=q+W=800 J+(−1013 J)=−213 J

4B-
4C–

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5 (a) The equilibrium constant expression is

Kc=[PCl5][PCl3][Cl2]

(b) The equilibrium constant expression for the reverse reaction is

Kc(reverse)=8.3×10−31=120.48

(c) (i) When more PCl5 is added, the direction of equilibrium is affected but the value of
equilibrium constant is unaffected as Kc is constant at a given temperature.

(ii) When pressure is increased, the value of the equilibrium constant remains unaffected.

(iii) When temperature is increased, the value of equilibrium constant is increased. The
reaction is endothermic. When temperature is increased, Kf is increased. Hence, Kc=KrKf
is also increased
7 A - LiCl has lower melting point than NaCl because it is covalent whereas NaCl is ionic.

7 B - Li⊕ ion has very small size and has an exceptionally high charge to radius ratio and
therefore salts of Li⊕ ion with small anions viz. HΘ , FΘ and N3- are highly stable due to
their high lattice energy. Thus LiH, LiF and Li3N show exceptionally high thermal stability.

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8 A - At low pressure, the real gas shows very small deviation from ideal behaviour because the two
curves almost coincide at low pressure.

8 B - At high pressure, the real gas shows large deviations from ideal behaviour as the curves are far
apart.

8 C -At point 'A' both the curves intersect each other. At this point, real gas behaves as an ideal
gas. P1 and V1 are the pressure and volume which corresponds to this point A.

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9-

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10 A - This is because of the reason that most of the processes are carried in open
container i.e., at constant pressure. Since the volume can change therefore, the
changes in heat energy are enthalpy changes (ΔH) and not internal energy changes
(ΔE). Therefore, it is preferable to determine a change in enthalpy that change in
internal energy.

10 B - State functions are very useful because change in then values depends
only on the initial and final states of the system and not on how change is
carried out.
10 c - Physical states of all species in important and must be specified in a
thermo chemical equation as ΔH depends on the phase of the substance.

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11 A- A) The reaction of boron with sodium hydroxide leads to the formation of sodium borate
and hydrogen gas.
2B+6NaOH⟶2Na3BO3+3H2

11 B -B ) B2H6+2NH3 → B2H6.2NH3 → 200∘ B3N3H6 IS FORMED.

11 b)

12 A - Real gas behaves like ideal gas at high temperature and low pressure.
12 B - Z < 1, it is called negative deviation. It means that the gas is more compressible
than expected from ideal behaviour.
12 C - The van der Waals constant 'a' represents the magnitude of
intermolecular forces of attraction and the Van der Waals constant 'b'
represents the effective size of the molecules.

12 D -