BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY

College of Architecture and Fine Arts

“A Case Study on the Application of Urban Design Techniques

in Cabuyao City, Laguna”

---------------------------------------------------------

Urban Planning

Erfe, Athena Maureen C.

Ramos, John Llyod P.

Sangalang, Sidney P.

L. Arch’t., EnP. Angelo Paulo Mogul

February 2022
 1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

In the year 1571, after the Spanish colonization, Miguel López de Legazpi, a Spanish

navigator and the first Governor-General of the Spanish East Indies, together with his

grandson and a Spanish conquistador, Juan de Salcedo, conquered the eastern portion of the

lake Ba-I, which is known today as Laguna de Bay. A while after, both of them decided to

conquer the northern portion of the lake. Along their journey, they discovered a place

wherein there are lots of agricultural areas that can be used to grow and farm crops, and that

rich plain area is called “Tabuko”. It was then declared by Governor-General Miguel López

de Legaspi that Tabuko is considered as “encomienda” which means town.

The town of Tabuko has lots of “Kabuyaw” trees in which its fruits can be used as shampoo.

When some Franciscan priests came to the town, they asked the women in the area about the

name of the place and they answered Kabuyaw as they misunderstood the question for the

name of the trees growing in the area. Since then, the town of Tabuko was called Kabuyaw.

The town of Kabuyaw, now called Cabuyao, is one of the six cities in the province of

Laguna. It has 18 barangays with almost 250,000 population as of 2010. was once known

and considered as the “Richest Municipality in the Philippines” It is the fastest growing

municipality in Laguna because of industrial estates and companies’ factories that are located

in the area. Those large companies are known not just locally but also internationally, and

those are Nestle Philippines, Asia Brewery, Inc., San Miguel Corporation, Tanduay
Distillers, Inc., Wyeth Philippines, Inc., Procter & Gamble Philippines, Light Industry and

Science Park of the Philippines and Malayan Colleges Laguna

1.2 PROBLEM

To identify the issues and problems of the case study site by researching about the

history and current situation and create a schematic masterplan applying urban design

techniques.

1.3 GOALS AND OBJECTIVES

The specified goals of Cabuyao City were derived from the output of a community workshop

conducted on March 2-3, 2016. Different sectors and divisions have mentioned in regards to

its goals and objectives including the sector of social development specifically in health,

education, housing, and social welfare. Strategies in the sector of economic development

particularly in agriculture, fishery, trade and commerce, services, and tourism.

Correspondingly, objectives in the sector of environmental management are specified as

well. Aims in the sector of physical development are provided specifically in transportation,

domestic water supply, drainage, sanitation, sewerage, power, and communication.

Institutional development goals and objectives are mentioned and in priority as well.

Developments and advances to increase the efficiency of its different sectors specifically the

City Bureaucracy, development planning, structure and capability, and fiscal position.
 2.0 SITE INVENTORY AND ANALYSIS

2.1 SITE INVENTORY

Map 2.1 Cabuyao City located in Laguna, Philippines; taken in Satellite Map in 2022

Map 2.2 Cabuyao City Map

 Map 2.3 Cabuyao City Existing Land Use

Figure 2.0 San Cristobal River in Cabuyao City

Map 2.4 Agriculture and Human habitation

Table 2.1 Spatial Characteristics

Urbanization Residential
Industrial Companies
Commercial Buildings
Fast Food Chains
School/Universities
Hospitals
Cemeteries
Mall
Supermarkets
Banks
Manufacturing Companies
Condominiums
Chapel/Church
Barangay/City Halls
Bodies of Water Rivers
Lake
Road Networks Mamatid Rd
Putol Rd
Pulo-Diezmo Road
Manila South Rd
Landscape Forests
Grassland
Garden
Farm
Memorial Garden/Park
Resort
Town Plaza
 Agricultural
Mini Aviary
Transportation Bus Terminal
Jeep
Tricycle
Railway

CABUYAO CITY, LAGUNA PHOTOS

Figure 2.1.1 Cabuyao City Hall Figure 2.1.2 St. Polycarp Parish Church

Figure 2.1.3 Bahay na bato Figure 2.1.4 Centro Mall in Brgy. Pulo
 Figure 2.1.3 Brgy. Marinig Fishing Port Figure 2.1.4 Residential Area

Figure 2.1.5 320 Manila S Rd in Cabuyao Figure 2.1.6 Residential Area in Brgy. Marinig

Figure 2.1.7 Town Plaza Figure 2.1.8 Eternal Gardens

Figure 2.1.3 Grassland Figure 2.1.4 Pamantasan ng Cabuyao

2.2 SITE ANALYSIS

Figure 2.2 Site Analysis of Cabuyao City, Laguna

I. Site Climatic and Environment Condition

a) Climate and Temperature

Chart 2.2 Climate in Cabuyao © WeatherSpark.com

Southwestern Laguna where the City of Cabuyao is located is categorized as having Type I

climate based on the Modified Coronas Classification used by the Philippine Atmospheric,

Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA). There are two distinct

seasons in the Type I climate: dry from December to April and rainy from June to October.
May and November are seasonal transition months from the dry to the wet season, and vice

versa. Furthermore, locations classified as having this climate are often exposed to the

southwest monsoon, which has its peak rainy season from June to September. Cabuyao has

an annual rainfall average of 1,717 mm, with February being the driest month (average of

26.6 mm) and July being the wettest (average of 294 mm of rainfall). According to

climatological observations taken from the University of the Philippines-Los Baos (UPLB)

synoptic station, southern Laguna has high humidity all year, with an annual mean of 81

percent. From March to May, the relative humidity is around 75%, and around 80% the

remainder of the year. The typical annual mean temperature is 27.40°C, with the greatest

temperature of more than 290°C in May and the lowest temperature of around 250°C in

January.

Figure 2.3 Sun exposure of Cabuyao Laguna in January 2022; taken in Global Imagery in 2022

b) Geographic
 Map 2.5 Location Map of Cabuyao City, Laguna

In the province of Laguna, the city of Cabuyao is a First Class urbanized

city. It's around 43 kilometers southeast of Metro Manila and 54

kilometers from Santa Cruz, the provincial capital. Sta. Rosa is on the

north, Laguna de Bay is on the east, Cavite is on the west, and Calamba is

on the south.

c) Topography

Table 2.2 Slope Classification in the City of Cabuyao

 The geography in Cabuyao is primarily flat terrain, with rolling narrow

plains. Along the western edge of the community, there are a few

elevated areas.

d) Geology and Soil Type

Map 2.6 Soil Map of Cabuyao City

The Bureau of Soils and Water Management (BSWM) identified four

textural classes or soil types within Cabuyao City based on the Hydrologic

Atlas of Laguna de Bay 2012, which was collaboratively created by the

Laguna Lake Development Authority (LLDA) and the World Wide Fund-

Philippines. Loam Type may be found in the city's highland and

southwestern areas. This soil type also includes plains soils, which are

densely populated with urban barangays and agricultural regions. The Sandy

Loam Type is also prevalent in agricultural regions. Along riverbanks,

shorelines, and on the city's westernmost edge, near the Tagaytay-Cabuyao

border, the Loam and Sandy Loam kinds may also be found. Clay Loam, on

the other hand, is found in the city's western and somewhat raised areas,

while Clay Type is located in the city's eastern area, close to the Laguna de
Bay's shoreline. These soil types are stated to be typically favorable for

agricultural use, with paddy rice, tree crops, and varied crops being the most

common.

e) Hydrology

Map 2.7 Waterways Map of Cabuyao City

Map 2.8 Watershed Map of Cabuyao City

 Cabuyao's hydrologic characteristics make about 25% of the Santa Rosa

Watershed, one of the 24 river basins that flow into Laguna de Bay. The

Santa Rosa river basin's streams may be divided into three groups, each

of which has a sub-parallel pattern. The northern group emerges from the

basin's plateau region, cutting deeply into the slopes and continuing

eastward in the Sta. Rosa and Bian area. The center and southern sets of

streams flow from the dissected slopes' base and drain into parts of Sta.

Rosa City and Cabuyao. The Cabuyao River, Salanglangka-Tiwaytiway

River, Ilog Romana, and Baclaran-Mamatid River are the principal

tributaries of Cabuyao City that flow straight into Laguna Lake. Diezmo

River, on the other side, drains into the San Cristobal River at Calamba.

The average static water level in the Laguna Lake Basins is around 12.57

meters below ground surface (mbgs), with an average specific capacity of

0.89 liters per second per meter (lps/m).

f) Wind
Chart 2.3 Average Wind Speed in Cabuyao, Laguna © WeatherSpark.com

 The average hourly wind speed in Cabuyao varies significantly

throughout the year due to seasonal variations.

 From October 31 to April 2, the windier phase of the year lasts 5.1

months, with average wind speeds of more than 7.2 miles per hour.

December is the windiest month in Cabuyao, with an average hourly

wind speed of 8.9 miles per hour.

 From April 2 to October 31, the calmer season lasts 6.9 months. With an

average hourly wind speed of 5.5 miles per hour, May is the calmest

month of the year in Cabuyao.

g) Air Quality
 Cabuyao fulfills the National Ambient Air Quality Standards since there

are no harmful or hazardous pollutants within the city's jurisdiction

(NAAQS).

II. S.W.O.T.

1. Strength

 Geographic location

 Natural features of the city

 Social asset

 Entreprenurial economy

2. Weaknesses

 Increasing population due to migrants and informal settlers.

 Limited land area for expansion and for other land uses such as recreational

areas.

 Narrow road network and traffic congestion.

 Weak implementation of the previous CLUP

 Lack of solid waste management

 Strict labor practices

 Political situation

 Poor road condition and construction

  Lack of identity

 Congested area

 Lack of recreational facilities

 Presence of food vendors along the sidewalk

 Lack of public parking area

 Conversion of agriculture land to commercial, residential, and industrial lands

 Underdevelop tourist spots

 Lack of advertisement of the city

 River pollution

3. Opportunities

 To develop public areas and pedestrians for the benefit of the locals and the

environment as well.

 To develop and provide public spaces such as parks and recreational areas.

 To improve the water quality of the river through a landscape design

approach.

 To recognize the city as a clean and balanced urban-rural environment and

ecosystem

 To improve local residents' quality of life by providing efficient and effective

economic, ecological, social, and cultural services in an industrial and

entrepreneurial community context.

 To improve road network system

4. Threats

 Susceptibility to natural and man-made hazards.

 Natural inhabitants may suffer adverse consequences as a result of the human

carbon footprint.
 3.0 RECOMMENDATION

3.2 PROPOSED LAND USE MAP OF CITY OF CABUYAO

3.2 SCHEMATIC MASTERPLAN

 Map 3.1 Schematic Masterplan of the City of Cabuyao

3.3 SOLUTIONS

 Develop public areas and pedestrian by provide a multimodal street

- Rather than extending or adding lanes to the road, invest in a multimodal

route that facilitates pedestrian circulation. Increasing vehicle infrastructure

will result in an increase in vehicle traffic. When individuals are provided

with a good street design and viable modes of transportation, such as

walking or cycling, which decreases the reliance on private automobiles, this

helps to minimize the reliance on private vehicles.

Figure 3.1 Multimodal Street

 Provide a bike lane

 - Bike lanes allow bikers to travel at their desired pace, improve traffic flow.

Figure 3.2 Bike Lane

https://www.foursquareitp.com/services/bike-ped-planning-and-multimodal-access/

 Provide tree canopies alongside the road

- Providing tree canopies and vegetation in the streets would assist to

minimize urban heat and give residents with green shade.

Figure 3.3 Sidewalk Design

https://canalstreetbeat.com/convention-center-approves-557-million-upgrades-new-linear-park-weve-got-renderings/

 Provision of recreational areas

- Providing recreational areas gives an opportunity for locals to engage in

activities and also provides a place to socialize and connect with other

people.
 Figure 3.4 Recreational Area
https://scotscoop.com/opinion-closing-public-recreation-areas-makes-no-sense/

 Create a stormwater management plan

- Developing a stormwater management strategy will assist in controlling and

preventing agricultural land erosion and floods in the city.

 Limiting of areas for conversion

 Improve the road network system for easy access

 REFERENCES

Wikipedia contributors. (2022, January 21). Cabuyao. In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia.

Retrieved 15:34, February 2, 2022, from https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?

title=Cabuyao&oldid=1067082220

Climate and Average Weather Year Round in Cabuyao (n.d.). Weather Spark.

https://weatherspark.com/y/136837/Average-Weather-in-Cabuyao-Philippines-Year-

Round

Climate & Weather Averages in Cabuyao, Philippines (n.d.). Timeanddate.

https://www.timeanddate.com/weather/philippines/cabuyao/climate

6 Benefits of Bike Lanes. (2021, March 2). StrongGo. Retrieved February 3, 2022, from

https://www.stronggo.com/blog/6-benefits-bike-lanes

Comprehensive Land Use Plan 2017–2026. (n.d.). Lungsod ng Cabuyao.

J. (2018, November 16). Car-oriented vs multimodal street. Traffic Nightmare.

https://www.trafficnightmare.net/car-oriented-vs-multimodal-street/