Karmaveer Shankarrao Kale Education Society’s

GAUTAM POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE GAUTAMNAGAR

Micro Project Report On

Shell Script in Linux/Unix

Under the subject of

Operating System -22516

SUBMITTED BY
Mr.Shaikh Ayan D.
Mr.Gade Asmita S.
Mr.Kapse Akansha B.

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

Ms.Autade A.Y

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER ENGINEERING

YEAR
2022-2023

Prof.Ms Autade A.Y Prof.Ms Autade A.Y Prof.Mr.Bharti S.M

GUIDE HOD PRINCIPAL

 Karmaveer Shankarrao Kale Education Society’s

GAUTAM POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE

GAUTAMNAGAR

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that
MR.SHAIKH AYAN DILAWAR (ROLL NO- 07)
Students of Third year of Diploma in Computer Engineering
have completed the micro project in Operating System -
22516 assigned as per syllabus satisfactorily for the
academic year 2022-2023.

Prof.Ms Autade A.Y Prof.Ms Autade A.Y Prof.Mr.Bharti S.M

GUIDE HOD PRINCIPAL

 Karmaveer Shankarrao Kale Education Society’s

GAUTAM POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE

GAUTAMNAGAR

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that
MS.GADE ASMITA SANDIP (ROLL NO- 08)
Students of Third year of Diploma in Computer Engineering
have completed the micro project in Operating System -
22516 assigned as per syllabus satisfactorily for the
academic year 2022-2023.

Prof.Ms Autade A.Y Prof.Ms Autade A.Y Prof.Mr.Bharti S.M

GUIDE HOD PRINCIPAL

 Karmaveer Shankarrao Kale Education Society’s

GAUTAM POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE

GAUTAMNAGAR

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that
MS.KAPSE AKANSHA BALASAHEB (ROLL NO- 06)
Students of Third year of Diploma in Computer Engineering
have completed the micro project in Operating System -
22516 assigned as per syllabus satisfactorily for the
academic year 2022-2023.

Prof.Ms Autade A.Y Prof.Ms Autade A.Y Prof.Mr.Bharti S.M

GUIDE HOD PRINCIPAL

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We would like to express our deep sense of gratitude

and special thanks to our guide Prof. Autade A.Y who not
only took a great interest in the project but also was always
ready to help us as and when needed.
We are also grateful to Prof. Autade A.Y (Head of
Computer Department) and all staff members of Computer
Department for their kind co-operation.
Finally we are thankful to all our friends who have
helped for presenting & preparation of our project .

Team Member
Mr.Shaikh Ayan D.
Mr.Gade Asmita S.
Mr.Kapse Akansha B.
 annexure-I

A MICRO PROJECT ON " Shell Script in Linux/Unix"

1.0   Aims/Benefits of the micro project

An Operating System is basically a system program that

controls the execution of application programs and acts as an
interface between applications and the computer hardware. It
manages the computer system resources to be used in an efficient
manner. This course enables one to learn the internal functioning of
operating systems and will help in identifying appropriate Operating
Systems for given applications/tasks. This course is also a
prerequisite for the group of courses included in the 'Cloud
Infrastructure Maintenance' Elective group.

2.0   Course outcome addressed.

a. Use operating system tools to perform various functions.

b. Execute process commands for performing process management
operations,
c. Apply scheduling algorithms to calculate turnaround time and
average waiting time.
d. Calculate the efficiency of different memory management
techniques.
e Apply file management techniques.

3.0 Proposed methodology

In this project, we get information about shell scripting in Linux/Unix.

4.0 Action Plan

Name of
Sr. Plan Plan
responsible
No Detail of activity start finish
team
. date date
members

discuss the project with

1
the  project guide

collect information from

2
the internet and textbook

collect information from

the OSY Operating
3
Systems 22516 
reference book

arrange all information in

4
ms word

Prepare a report on it
5
using MS word

6 print micro project

5.0 Resources used

Sr. Name of resource Quanti

Specifications
no. material ty

1 computer Windows 10 1

2 Internet Youtube / Wikipedia

3 textbook/manual OSY Operating 1

Systems 22516
 annexure-II
Micro-Project Report

A MICRO PROJECT ON "Shell Script in Linux/Unix"

 1.0 Brief Introduction
Shell Scripting is an open-source computer program run by the
Unix/Linux shell. Shell Scripting is a program to write a series of
commands for the shell to run. It can combine lengthy and repetitive
sequences of commands into a single and simple script that can be
kept and run anytime which, decreases programming efforts.

This Shell Scripting tutorial aids in learning a basic understanding of

the Linux/Unix shell scripting program to develop concepts of Shell
Scripting. This Shell Script tutorial is designed for newbies and
professionals who want to learn What is Shell Scripting? How shell
scripting works, types of shell, and more.

What is Shell?
Shell is a UNIX term for an interface between a user and an
operating system service. Shell delivers users with an interface and
receives human-readable commands into the system and performs
those commands which can run automatically and give the
program’s output in a shell script.

An Operating is created of many components, but its two prime

components are –

 Kernel
 Shell

A Kernel is at the heart of a computer. It completes the communication

between the hardware and software possible. While the Kernel is the
innermost part of an operating system, a shell is the outermost one.
1. The Bourne Shell: The prompt for this shell is $ and its
derivatives are listed below:

 POSIX shell also is known as sh

 Korn Shell also known as sh
 Bourne Again SHell also known as bash (most popular)

2. The C shell: The prompt for this shell is %, and its subcategories
are:

 C shell also is known as csh

 Tops C shell also is known as tcsh

Steps to Write Shell Script in Linux/Unix

Shell Scripts are written utilizing text editors. On your Linux
system, open a text editor program, open a new file to begin typing
a shell script or shell programming, then give the shell permission to
complete your shell script and put your script at the location from
where the shell can locate it.

Let us understand the steps in making a Shell Script:

1. Create a file utilizing a vi editor(or any other editor). Name

script file with extension .sh
2. Start the script with #! /bin/sh
3. Write some code.
4. Save the script file as filename.sh
5. For running the script type bash filename.sh

“#!” is an operator named shebang which directs the script to the

interpreter's location. So, if we use”#! /bin/sh” the script gets
directed to the bourne-shell.
Let’s create a small script –

#!/bin/ah la

steps to create Shell Script Programs in Linux/Unix –

Command ‘ls’ is run when we complete the scrip sample.sh file.

Adding shell comments

Commenting is important in any program. In Shell programming, the
syntax to add a comment is

#comment

What are Shell Variables?

Variables store data in the form of characters and numbers.
Likewise, Shell variables are utilized to store information and they
can be by the shell only.

For example, the following creates a shell variable and then prints
it:
variable ="Hello"
echo $variable
Below is a small script that will use a variable.

#!/bin/sh
echo "what is your name?"
read name
echo "How do you do, $name?"
read remark
echo "I am $remark too!"
the steps to create and execute the script

As you see, the program determined the value of the variable

‘name’ as Joy and ‘remark’ as excellent. This is a simple script. You
can create advanced scripts which contain conditional statements,
loops, and functions. Shell scripting will make your life easy and
Linux administration a breeze.

Summary:

 The kernel is the heart of the operating systems, and it

communicates between hardware and software
 Shell is a program that interprets user commands through CLI
like Terminal
 The Bourne shell and the C shell are the most used shells in
Linux
 Linux Shell scripting is writing a series of commands for the
shell to execute
 Shell variables store the value of a string or a number for the
shell to read
 Shell scripting in Linux can help you make complex programs
containing conditional statements, loops, and functions
 Basic Shell Scripting Commands in Linux: cat, more, less,
head, tail, mkdir, cp, mv, rm, touch, grep, sort, wc, cut, and,
more.
 2.0  Actual Resources Use

Sr. Name of resource Quanti

Specifications
no. material ty

1 Computer Windows 10 1

2 Internet Youtube/geek for geeks

OSY Operating
3 textbook/manual 1
Systems 22516


 3.0    Outputs of the Micro-Project

 In this project, we successfully get information about the shell

scripting in Linux/Unix. TECHNOLOGIES

 4.0  Skill Developed / Learning outcomes of this Micro-Project

1. Increase knowledge about shell scripting in Linux/Unix.

2. Experience teamwork
3. Increase communication skill
4. Know about shell scripting in Linux/Unix.

Conclusion

A shell script is a text file that includes a sequence of commands for a
UNIX-based operating system. It is called a shell script because it
combines a sequence of commands, that would otherwise have to be typed
into the keyboard one at a time, into a single script.