STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY

Activity 2.3: Test of Hypothesis

Directions: Kindly answer the following. You may either use MS word to type your answers together with your
solutions or write it on a piece of paper and upload the picture of your work. Please make sure that it is clear
and readable.

A. State whether each hypothesis is NULL or ALTERNATIVE. If it is an alternative hypothesis, indicate

whether it is DIRECTIONAL or NONDIRECTIONAL.

NULL- NONDIRECTIONAL1. The average income of families in Barangay Rosario is Php 15, 000.

ALTERNATIVE- DIRECTIONAL 2. The proportion of housewives using Brand X as detergent in Albay is less
than 40%.

ALTERNATIVE- DIRECTIONAL 3. The mean content of citric acid in a bottle of juice drinks is greater than 2
ml.

NULL- NONDIRECTIONAL 4. The average age of Grade 11 students is 17 years old.

ALTERNATIVE- DIRECTIONAL 5. The average daily number of customers in a convenient store is less than
850.

NULL- NONDIRECTIONAL 6. There is no significant difference between the average monthly allowances of
morning and afternoon pupils in Tarucan Elementary School.

ALTERNATIVE- DIRECTIONAL 7. The proportion of graduates in a university majoring in Science is more

than 15% of the entire population.

NULL- NONDIRECTIONAL 8. Residents of Kinalangay Viejo commute on an average of 9 kilometers to their

place of employment.

ALTERNATIVE- NONDIRECTIONAL 9. The average weekly allowance of college students is not equal to Php
1 800.

ALTERNATIVE- NONDIRECTIONAL 10. The introduction of modern computers does not affect the
performance of the students.

B. Write TRUE if the statement is correct. Otherwise, write FALSE.

TRUE 1. A Type I error is committed when a true null hypothesis is rejected.

FALSE 2. A Type II error is committed when a false null hypothesis is rejected.

TRUE 3. The probability of committing Type I error is called the level of significance.

TRUE 4. In a two-tailed test, the rejection region is split and placed in both tails of the sampling distribution.

FALSE 5. If the symbol not equal (≠) appears in the alternative hypothesis, then the test is directional.

FALSE 6. If the symbol less than (<) appears in the alternative hypothesis, then the test is right-tailed.

FALSE 7. If the computed value falls outside the rejection region, then the null hypothesis is rejected.
FALSE 8. If the rejection region lies entirely on the right tail of the sampling distribution, then the test is a two-
tailed test.

TRUE 9. The statement, “The mean weight of newborn babies is 0.5 kilograms.” is an example of a null
hypothesis.

FALSE 10. When the test value does not fall within the rejection region, we accept the alternative hypothesis.

C. Decide whether the null hypothesis is to be rejected or accepted, given the test value and the critical value
of test statistic. Draw the rejection region.

Note: In the decision column, write Reject H o if the null hypothesis is to be rejected. On the other hand, write
Accept H o if the null hypothesis is to be accepted.

Hypothesis Rejection Region Decision

H o : μ = 78
H a : μ ≠ 78
Test Value = 2.12
Accept Ho
Critical Value ± 2.33

-2.33 2.33
H o : μ = 10.5
H a : μ ≠ 10.5
Test Value = 1.84
Reject Ho
Critical Value ± 1.65

-1.65 1.65
H o : μ = 23.76
H a : μ ¿ 23.76
Test Value = 1.84
Accept Ho
Critical Value ¿ 2.33

2.33
H o : μ = 345
H a : μ ¿345
Test Value = -1.82
Accept Ho
Critical Value ¿−1.96

-1.96
H o : μ = 50
H a : μ ¿ 50
Test Value = 1.97
Reject Ho
Critical Value ¿ 1.65

1.65
D. Solve the problem. Specify the details in each step in the solution process.

The manager of the women’s dress department of a store wants to know whether the true average number of
women’s dresses sold per day is 24. In a random sample of 36 days, it has been found out that the average
number of dresses sold is 23 with a standard deviation of 7 dresses. At the 0.05 level of significance, is there a
sufficient evidence to reject the null hypothesis that μ=24 ?

Answer the following:

1. a. Null Hypothesis

The average number of women’s dresses sold per day is equal to 24. (µ=24)

b. Alternative Hypothesis

The average number of women’s dresses sold per day is not equal to 24. (µ≠24)

2. a. Type of Test

Nondirectional Test or Two Tailed Test

b. Critical Value

±1.96

c. Rejection Region Illustration

-1.96 1.96
(x−μ) √ n
3. Formula: z=
σ

(23−24) √ 36
Solution: z= =−0.86
7

4. Decision

Since the computed or test value does not fall within the rejection region, we accept the null hypothesis.

5. Conclusion.

There is no significant difference between the sample mean and the population mean. Thus, the manager is
correct in claiming that the average number of women’s dresses sold is 24 per day.