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5–1.  Determine the tension in each segment of the cable A

and the distance yD.

yD

D
7m

B
2m
Solution 2 kN

Joint B:   Referring to the FBD in Fig. a, C

4m 5m 3m
+ F = 0; 5 4
S x T BC a b - T AB a b = 0 4 kN
229 265
7 2
+ c Fy = 0; T AB a b - T BC a b - 2 = 0
265 229

Solving,

   T AB = 2.986 kN = 2.99 kN  T BC = 1.596 kN = 1.60 kN Ans.

Joint C:   Referring to the FBD in Fig. b,

+ F = 0; 5
S x T CD cos u - 1.596a b = 0
229
2
+ c Fy = 0; T CD sin u + 1.596a b - 4 = 0
229

Solving,

T CD = 3.716 kN = 3.72 kN Ans.

u = 66.50

From the geometry,

y D + 3 tan u = 9

y D = 9 - 3 tan 66.50 = 2.10 m Ans.

Ans:
T BC = 1.60 kN; T CD = 3.72 kN;
T AB = 2.99 kN; y D = 2.10 m

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5–2. The cable supports the loading shown. Determine the xB

distance xB the force at point B acts from A. Set P = 200 N.
A
2.5 m
B
P

4m

C
1m D 5
3
4

1.5 m 150 N

Solution
At B:

+ xB xB − 3
S ΣFx = 0; 200 − TAB − TBC = 0
xB2 + 6.25 ( xB − 1.5 )2 + 16
2.5 4
+ c ΣFy = 0; 2
TAB − TBC = 0
xB + 6.25 ( xB − 1.5 )2 + 16
200 N
13xB − 7.5
TBC = 1000 (1) 1.5
( xB − 1.5 )2 + 16 150 N

At C:
+ 4 xB − 1.5 3
S ΣFx = 0; (15 ) + TBC − TCD = 0
5 2
( xB − 1.5 ) + 16 13
4 2 3
+ c ΣFy = 0; TBC − TCD − (15 ) = 0
2
( xB − 1.5 ) + 16 13 5
15 − 2 xB
TBC = 510 (2)
( xB − 1.5 )2 + 16

Solving Eqs. (1) & (2)

13xB − 7.5 1000
=
15 − 2 xB 510
xB  2.18 m Ans

Ans:
x B = 2.18 m

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5–3.  Determine the forces P1 and P2 needed to hold the

cable in the position shown, i.e., so segment BC remains E
A
horizontal. 2m
D
3m

B C
8 kN

P1 P2
4m 5m 4m
1.5 m
Solution
Write the moment equation of equilibrium about E by referring to the FBD in Fig. a.

3 4
a + M E = 0; 8(1.5) + T CD a b(1.5) - T CD a b(2) = 0
5 5

T CD = 17.14 kN

Consider the equilibrium of joint C by referring to the FBD shown in Fig. b

+ F = 0;  17.14a 4 b - T = 0
S T BC = 13.71 kN
x BC
5

3
+ c Fy = 0; 17.14a b - P2 = 0 P2 = 10.29 kN = 10.3 kN Ans.
5

Next joint B by referring to the FBD in Fig. c

+ F = 0; 4
S x 13.71 - T AB a b = 0 T AB = 21.95 kN
141

5
+ c Fy = 0; 21.95a b - P1 = 0 P1 = 17.14 kN = 17.1 kN Ans.
141

Ans:
P2 = 10.3 kN;
P1 = 17.1 kN

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*5–4. Determine the tension in each segment of the cable

B
and the cable’s total length. Set P = 400 N.
1m
A
2.5 m

D
P
C
250 N
P P
1 P
1

1.5 m 2m 1.5 m

Solution
From FBD (a)

a+ ΣMA = 0; 7%'FRV°7%'VLQ°²² 

+
S ΣF = 0; 7%' 1 1 $QV
x

FRV°²$[  $[ 1

1

+ c ΣFy = 0; $\VLQ°²²  $\ 1 1

Joint A:
+
S ΣF = 0; 7$& FRV f²  
x

+ c ΣFy = 0; ²7$& VLQ f  

Solving Eqs. (1) and (2) yields: 1

f = 57.42°

7$& 1 $QV 1

Joint D:
+
S ΣF = 0; FRV°²7&' FRV u  
x

+ c ΣFy = 0; VLQ°²7&' VLQ u²  

Solving Eqs. (3) and (4) yields:

u = 22.96°
7&' 1 $QV

Total length of the cable: OW      P $QV

VLQ° FRV° FRV°

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5–5. If each cable segment can support a maximum tension B

of 375 N, determine the largest load P that can be applied.
1m
A
2.5 m

P D
C
250 N

P P
P P
1

1.5 m 2m 1.5 m

Solution
a+ ΣMA = 0; 7%' FRV°7%' VLQ°²²3 

7%' 3
+
S ΣF = 0; - Ax + TBD cos 59.04° = 0
x

+ c ΣFy = 0; $\²3²7%'VLQ° 

Assume maximum tension is in cable BD.

7%' 1

3 1

$[ 1

$\ 1

Pin A:

TAC = 2(192.95)2 + (288.35)2 = 346.95 N 6 375 N OK 1

288.35
u = tan-1a b = 56.21°
192.95

Joint C:
1
+
S ΣF = 0; 7&' FRV f²FRV° 
x

+ c ΣFy = 0; 7&' VLQ fVLQ°² 

7&' 11

f °

Thus, 3 1 $QV

Ans:
P = 360 N

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5–6. Cable ABCD supports the loading shown. Determine

the maximum tension in the cable and the sag of point B.
A D

yB 2m

Solution B
1m 3m 0.5 m
At B:
40 kN 60 kN
+ 3 1
S ΣFx = 0; TBC - TAB = 0
21yB - 22 2 + 9 2y2B + 1
yB - 2 yB
+ c ΣFy = 0; TBC + TAB - 40 = 0
21yB - 22 2 + 9 2y2B + 1
3yB yB - 2
TBC + TBC - 40 = 0 (1)
21yB - 22 2 + 9 21yB - 22 2 + 9
At C:

+ 0.5 3
S ΣFx = 0; TCD - TBC = 0
24.25 21yB - 22 2 + 9
2 yB - 2
+ c ΣFy = 0; TCD - TBC - 60 = 0
24.25 21yB - 22 2 + 9
12 yB - 2
TBC - TBC - 60 = 0 (2)
2
21yB - 22 + 9 21yB - 22 2 + 9
Solving Eqs. (1) and (2):
4yB - 2 2
=
14 - yB 3

yB = 2.429 m = 2.43 m Ans.

TBC = 15.7 kN

Thus.

TAB = 40.9 kN
TCD = 64.1 kN Ans.
Maximum tension is T max = 64.1 kN Ans.

Ans:
yB = 2.43 m
TAB = 40.9 kN; TCD = 64.1 kN
Tmax = 64.1 kN

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5–7.  The cable supports the three loads shown. Determine the
magnitude of P1 if P2 = 3 kN and yB = 0.8 m. Also find 0.4 m E
the sag yD. yB yD
1.4 m
B D
C
P2 P2
P1

2m 1.5 m
1.2 m 1.2 m

Solution
At B

+ F = 0; 2 1.2
S x T BC - T AB = 0
24.36 22.08

0.6 0.8
+ c Fy = 0; - T BC + T AB - 3 = 0
24.36 22.08

T AB = 9.833 kN

T BC = 8.542 kN
At C

+ F = 0; 2 1.5
S x - (8.542) + T CD = 0(1)
24.36 2 ( 1.4 - y D ) 2 + 2.25
0.6 1.4 - y D
+ c Fy = 0; (8.542) + T CD - P1 = 0(2)
24.36 2 ( 1.4 - y D ) 2 + 2.25

At D

+ F = 0; 1.2 1.5
S x T DE - T CD = 0
2 ( 0.4 + y D ) + 1.44 2
2 ( 1.4 - y D ) 2 + 2.25
0.4 + y D 1.4 - y D
+ c Fy = 0; T DE - T CD - 3 = 0
2 ( 0.4 + y D ) + 1.44 2
2 ( 1.4 - y D ) 2 + 2.25
3.622.25 + ( 1.4 - y D ) 2
T CD =
2.7y D - 1.08

Substitute into Eq. (1):

y D = 0.644 m Ans.

T CD = 9.16 kN

From Eq. (2):

P1 = 6.58 kN Ans.

Ans:
y D = 0.644 m;
P1 = 6.58 kN

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*5–8. The cable supports the uniform load of w0  12 kN/m.

Determine the tension in the cable at each support A and B. B

A
3m
2m

Solution
w0
wO 2 5m
Y  X
2 &(

12 2
3  X
2 &(

12
2  (5 X)2
2 &(
3m
2m
12 3 12
X  (5 X)2
2(3) 2(2)
5–x
X2  1.5(25 10X  X2)

0.5X2 15X  37.5  0

Choose root  5 m

X  2.753 m
wO 2 12
&(  X  (2.753)2  15.15 kN
2Y 2(3)

At B:
wO 2 12
Y  X  X2
2 &( 2(15.15)
DY
 tan ."  0.792 X   2.180
DX X  2.753 m

."  65.36°
&( 15.15
4"    36.33 kN  36.3 kN Ans.
cos ." cos 65.36°
At A:
wO 2 12
Y  X  X2
2 &( 2(15.15)
DY
 tan .!  0.792 X   1.780
DX X  (5 2.753)

.!  60.67°
&( 15.15
4!    30.93 kN  30.9 kN Ans.
cos .! cos 60.67°

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5–9. Determine the maximum and minimum tension in y

the cable.
10 m 10 m

A B
2m
x

Solution 16 kN/m

The minimum tension in the cable occurs when u = 0. Thus, T min = FH.
With w o = 16 kN>m, L = 10 m and h = 2 m,

wo L2 (16 kN>m)(10 m)2

T min = FH = = = 400 kN Ans.
2h 2(2 m)

And

T max = 2F 2H + (w o L)2
= 24002 + [16(10)]2
= 430.81 kN
= 431 kN Ans.

Ans:
T min = 400 kN;
T max = 431 kN

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5–10. The cable is subjected to the uniform loading. y

Determine the equation y = f(x) which defines the cable
shape AB and the maximum tension in the cable. 15 m 15 m

A B
6m
x

2.5 kN/m

Solution

From Eq. 5–9

h 2 6 2
y= x = x
L2 (15 )2

y  0.0267x2 Ans

From Eq. 5–11,

L 2
Tmax = w0L 1 + a b
A 2h
2

Tmax = 2.5(15 ) 1 + ( )
15
2(6 )
= 60.0 kN Ans

Ans:
y = 0.0267x 2
T max = 60.0 kN

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5–11. The cable is subjected to a uniform loading of 15 m

w = 250
3.75lbft . Determine
kN/m. Determinethe
the maximum
maximum and
and minimum
tension in the cable. 1.8 m

w
Solution

wO,2 3.75(15)2
&(    58.59 kN
8H 8(1.8)
wO, 3.75(15)
.max  tan 1 2 3  tan 1 2 3  25.64°
2 &( 2(58.59)
&( 58.59
4max    65.0 kN Ans.
cos .max cos 25.64°

The minimum tension occurs at .  0°

4min  &(  58.6 kN Ans.

Ans:
T max = 65.0 kN
T min = 58.6 kN

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*5–12.  The cable will break when the maximum tension 15 m

reaches T max = 12 kN. Determine the uniform distributed
load w required to develop this maximum tension.
6m

Solution
Eqs. 5–7

w 2
y = x
2FH

At x = 7.5 m, y = 6 m

FH = 4.688 w

FH p
T = for 0 … u …
cos u 2

T max will occur when u is maximum.

dy w
` = tan (umax) = x`
dx max FH x = 7.5 m

7.5
umax = tan - 1 a b = 57.99
4.688

FH 4.688 w
T max = = = 12
cos (umax) cos 57.99

w = 1.36 kN>m Ans.

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5–13. The trusses are pin connected and suspended from D E

the parabolic cable. Determine the maximum force in the
cable when the structure is subjected to the loading shown. 14 m

6m K J I
16 m
A C
F G H B
5 kN 4 kN
Solution 4 @ 12 m  48 m 4 @ 12 m  48 m
Entire structure:

14 m
a  ; -#  0; 4(36)  5(72)  &((36) &((36) (!Y  $Y(96)  0
6m
(! Y  $Y)  5.25 (1) 16 m

5 kN 4 kN
Section ABD: 4 @ 12 m = 48 m 4 @ 12 m = 48 m

a  ; -"  0; &((14) (!Y  $Y)(48)  5(24)  0

Using Eq. (1): 14 m

36 m
&(  9.42857 kN
From Eq. 5–8:
24 m 24 m
5 kN
2&(H 2(9.42857)(14)
wO    0.11458 kN/m
,2 482
From Eq. 5–11:

, 2 48 2
4max  wO, 1  2 3  0.11458(48) 1  4 5  10.9 kN Ans. 36 m
 2H  2(14)

24 m 36 m 36 m
5 kN 4 kN

Ans:
T max = 10.9 kN

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5–14. Determine the maximum and minimum tension in E

the parabolic cable and the force in each of the hangers. The
girder is subjected to the uniform load and is pin connected 1m 9m
at B. D

10 m 2 kN/m

C
A B
10 m 30 m

Solution
5m 5m 5m 5m 5m 5m 5m 5m
Member BC:
20 m 20 m

 ; &X  0; "X  0
80 kN

Member AB:


 ; &X  0; !X  0

FBD 1: 5m

a  ; -!  0; &((1) "Y(10) 20(5)  0

1m

20 kN
10 m
FBD 2:
5m 5m
a  ; -#  0; &((9) "Y(30)  60(15)  0

Solving,

"Y  0 , &(  &min  100 kN Ans.

Max cable force occurs at E, where slope is the maximum.

From Eq. 5–8. 9m

2&(H 2(100)(9) 60 kN
7O    2 kN/m
,2 302 10 m

From Eq. 5–11,

15 m 15 m
, 2 30 2
&max  wO, 1  2 3  2(30) 1  2 3
 2H  2(9)

&max  117 kN Ans.

Each hanger carries 5 m of wO .

4  (2 kN/m)(5 m)  10 kN Ans.

Ans:
Fmin = 100 kN
Fmax = 117 kN
T = 10 kN

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5–15. Draw the shear and moment diagrams for the pin- E
connected girders AB and BC. The cable has a parabolic
shape. 9m
1m
D

10 m 2 kN/m

C
A B
10 m 30 m

Solution
a  ; -!  0; 4(5)  4(10)  4(15)  4(20)  4(25)

 4(30)  4(35)  #Y(40) – 80(20)  0

5m 5m 5m 5m 5m 5m 5m 5m

20 m 20 m
Set T = 10 kN (See solution to Prob. 5–14)
80 kN
#Y  5 kN

 C ; &Y  0; 7(10)  5 – 80  ! Y  0

!Y  5 kN
V (kN)
-max  6.25 kN · m Ans.

M (kN · m)

Ans:
M max = 6.25 kN # m

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*5–16.  The cable will break when the maximum tension 100 m
reaches T max = 5000 kN. Determine the maximum uniform
distributed load w required to develop this maximum
tension. 12 m

Solution
With T max = 80(103) kN, L = 50 m and h = 12 m,

L 2
T max = w o L 1 + a b
B 2h

50 2
8000 = w o(50)c 1 + a b d
B 24

w o = 69.24 kN>m = 69.2 kN>m Ans.

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5–17.  The cable is subjected to a uniform loading of 100 m

w = 60 kN>m. Determine the maximum and minimum
tension in cable.
12 m

Solution
The minimum tension in cable occurs when u = 0. Thus, T min = FH.

wo L2 ( 60 kN>m ) (50 m)2

T min = FH = = = 6250 kN
2h 2(12 m)

= 6.25 MN Ans.

And,

T max = 2F 2H + (w o L)2

= 262502 + [60(50)]2
= 6932.71 kN
= 6.93 MN Ans.

Ans:
T min = 6.25 MN;
T max = 6.93 MN

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5–18. Draw the shear and moment diagrams for beams

AB and BC. The cable has a parabolic shape. E
D
3m 3m
F

9m

A
C
B
3 kN 5 kN

2m 2m 2m 2m 2m 2m 2m 2m
Solution
Member ABC:
a+ ΣMA = 0; T 122 + T 142 + T 162 + T 182 + T 1102
+ T 1122 + T 1142 + Cy 1162 - 3142 - 51102 = 0

Set T = 1.3125 kN (See solution to Prob. 5–20).

Cy = - 0.71875 kN

+ c ΣFy = 0; 711.31252 - 8 - 0.71875 + Ay = 0

Ay = - 0.46875 kN
Mmax = 3.56 kN # m Ans.

Ans:
M max = 3.56 kN # m

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5–19.  The beams AB and BC are supported by the cable

E
that has a parabolic shape. Determine the tension in the D
cable at points D, F, and E, and the force in each of the 3m 3m
equally spaced hangers. F

9m

A
C
B
3 kN 5 kN
Solution
2m 2m 2m 2m 2m 2m 2m 2m
+ F = 0;
S B x = 0  (Member BC)
x

a + M A = 0; FF (12) - FF (9) - B y (8) - 3(4) = 0

3FF - B y (8) = 12(1)

+ F = 0;
S A x = 0  (Member AB)
x

a + M C = 0; - FF (12) + FF (9) - B y (8) + 5(6) = 0

- 3FF - B y (8) = - 30(2)

Solving Eqs. (1) and (2),

B y = 1.125 kN FF = 7.0 kN Ans.

From Eq. 5–8.

2FH h 2(7)(3)
wo = = = 0.65625 kN>m
L2 82

From Eq. 5–11,

L 2 8 2
T max = w o L 1 + a b = 0.65625(8) A 1 + a b
A 2h 2(3)

T max = T E = T D = 8.75 kN Ans.

Load on each hanger,

T = 0.65625(2) = 1.3125 kN = 1.31 kN Ans.

Ans:
FF = 7.0 kN;
FE = FD = 8.75 kN;
T = 1.31 kN

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*5–20. The cable AB is subjected to a uniform loading of y

B
200 N>m. If the weight of the cable is neglected and the
slope angles at points A and B are 30° and 60°, respectively, 60
determine the curve that defines the cable shape and the
maximum tension developed in the cable.

A 30
x

Solution 200 N/ m
15 m
Here the boundary conditions are different from those in the text.

Integrate Eq. 5–2,

T sin u = 200x + C1
Eq.Eq.
Divide by by 5–4,5–4,
andand
useuse
Eq.Eq.
5–35–3
dy 1
= (200x + C1)
dx FH

1
y = (100x2 + C1x + C2)
FH

At x = 0, y = 0; C2 = 0
dy
At x = 0, = tan 30°; C1 = FH tan 30°
dx

1
y = (100x2 + FH tan 30°x)
FH

dy 1
= (200x + FH tan 30°)
dx FH
dy
At x = 15 m, = tan 60°; FH = 2598 N
dx
y = (38.5x2 + 577x)(10 - 3) m Ans.
umax = 60°

FH 2598
Tmax = = = 5196 N
cos umax cos 60°

Tmax = 5.20 kN Ans.

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5–21.  Determine the horizontal and vertical components 10 kN

of reaction at A, B, and C of the three-hinged arch. Assume 5 kN
B
A, B, and C are pin connected.
4m A
8m

3m 5m 8m 4m

Solution
Write the moment equations of equilibrium about points A and C by referring to
the FBD shown in Figs. a and b, respectively,

a + M A = 0; B y (8) + B x (4) - 10(3) = 0

8B y + 4B x = 30 (1)

a + M C = 0;  B y (12) - B x (8) + 5(4) = 0

12B y - 8B x = - 20 (2)

Solving Eqs. (1) and (2)

B y = 1.429 kN = 1.43 kN Ans.

B x = 4.643 kN = 4.64 kN Ans.

Write the force equations of equilibrium by referring to the FBD in Fig. a,

+ F = 0;
S A x - 4.643 = 0 A x = 4.643 kN = 4.64 kN Ans.
x

+ c Fy = 0; A x + 1.429 - 10 = 0 A y = 8.571 kN = 8.57 kN Ans.

And Fig. b
+ F = 0;
S 4.643 - Cx = 0 Cx = 4.643 kN = 4.64 kN Ans.
x

+ c Fy = 0; Cy - 5 - 1.429 = 0 Cy = 6.429 kN = 6.43 kN Ans.

Ans:
B y = 1.43 kN; B x = 4.64 kN;
A x = 4.64 kN; A y = 8.57 kN;
Cx = 4.64 kN; Cy = 6.43 kN

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5–22.  Determine the magnitudes of the resultant forces at 10 kN 6 kN

the pins A, B, and C of the three-hinged arched roof truss. 8 kN
B
5 kN
5m
3m
A
C

3m 3m 5m
2m 2m
Solution
Write the moment equations of equilibrium about A and C by referring to the
FBD in Figs. a and b, respectively,

a + M A = 0; B x (5) + B y (8) - 8(3) - 10(5) = 0

5B x + 8B y = 74 (1)

a + M C = 0; B y (7) - B x (5) + 6(5) + 5(3) = 0

-5B x + 7B y = - 45  (2)

Solving Eqs. (1) and (2),

B y = 1.933 kN B x = 11.707 kN

Write the force equations of equilibrium using these results by referring to Fig. a.
+ F = 0;
S A x - 11.707 = 0 A x = 11.707 kN
x

+ c Fy = 0; A y + 1.933 - 8 - 10 = 0 A y = 16.067 kN

and Fig. b
+ F = 0;
S 11.707 - 5 - Cx = 0 Cx = 6.707 kN
x

+ c Fy = 0; Cy - 1.933 - 6 = 0 Cy = 7.933 kN

Thus, the forces on the pins are

FA = 2A x2 + A y2 = 211.7072 + 16.0672 = 19.88 kN = 19.9 kN Ans.

FB = 2B x2 + B y2 = 211.7072 + 1.9332 = 11.87 kN = 11.9 kN Ans.

FC = 2Cx2 + Cy2 = 26.7072 + 7.9332 = 10.39 kN = 10.4 kN Ans.

Ans:
FA = 19.9 kN;
FB = 11.9 kN;
FC = 10.4 kN

198
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5–23.  The three-hinged spandrel arch is subjected to the N1 N1

N1 N1
loading shown. Determine the internal moment in the arch N1 N1 N1 N1
at point D. P P P P P P

' P
P
$ &

Solution P P P

Member AB:

a + M A = 0; B x (5) + B y (8) - 8(2) - 8(4) - 4(6) = 0

B x + 1.6B y = 14.4(1)

Member CB:

a + M C = 0; B (y)(8) - B x (5) + 6(2) + 6(4) + 3(6) = 0

-B x + 1.6B y = - 10.8(2)

Soving Eqs. (1) and (2) yields:

B y = 1.125 kN

B x = 12.6 kN

Segment BD:

a + M D = 0; -M D + 12.6(2) + 1.125(5) - 8(1) - 4(3) = 0

M D = 10.825 kN # m = 10.8 kN # m  Ans.

Ans:
M D = 10.8 kN # m

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*5–24. Determine the horizontal and vertical components

of reaction at A, B, and C of the three-hinged arch. Assume
A, B, and C are pin connected.
25 kN
B
40 kN
5
3
A
3m 4

Solution
Member AB:
6m
4.5 m
a+ ΣMA = 0; ²%\ %[ ² 
²%\%[²   C
Member BC:

a+ ΣMC = 0; 
²%\ ²%[ 

   7.2 m 2.4 m
  1.8 m 1.8 m
²%\²%[  

Solving Eqs. (1) and (2) yields:

%\ N1 N1 $QV
%[ N1 N1 $QV
Member AB:
+
S ΣF = 0; $[² 
x N1
$[ N1 $QV
N1

+ c ΣFy = 0; $\²²  P

$\ N1 N1 $QV
P
P
P P
Member BC:
+ 
S ΣF = 0; &[²  
x 
P P
&[ N1 $QV


+ c ΣFy = 0; &\²

 
&\ N1 $QV

200
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300 kN
100 kN 100 kN 200 kN 200 kN
5–25. The bridge is constructed as a three-hinged trussed D3m E
arch. Determine the horizontal and vertical components of
reaction at the hinges (pins) at A, B, and C. The dashed B
member DE is intended to carry no force. 30 m
h3
h2
h1
A C

10 m 10 m 10 m 10 m 10 m 10 m 10 m 10 m
Solution
Member AB:
300 kN 100 kN 100 kN
a  ; -!  0; "X(30)  "Y(40) 100(30) 100(20) 60(10)  0

3"X  4"Y  800 (1)

Member BC:

a  ; -#  0; "X(30)  "Y(40)  200(10)  200(20)  0

3"X  4"Y  600 (2) 30 m

Soving Eqs. (1) and (2) yields:

"X  233.3 kN  233 kN "Y  25 kN Ans.
10 m 10 m 10 m 10 m

Member AB: 200 kN 200 kN


 ; &X  0; ! X 233.3  0

! X  233 kN Ans.
 C ; &Y  0; !Y 300 100 100  25  0
! Y  475 kN Ans. 30 m
Member BC:

 ; &X  0; #X  233.3  0

#X  233 kN Ans.
20 m 10 m 10 m
 C ; &Y  0; #Y 25 200 200  0

#Y  425 kN Ans.

Member AB: 200 kN 200 kN


 ; &X  0; ! X 233.3  0

! X  233 kN Ans.
 C ; &Y  0; !Y 300 100 100  25  0
! Y  475 kN Ans. 30 m
Member BC:

 ; &X  0; #X  233.3  0

#X  233 kN Ans.
20 m 10 m 10 m
 C ; &Y  0; #Y 25 200 200  0

#Y  425 kN Ans.

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300 kN
100 kN 100 kN 200 kN 200 kN
5–26. Determine the design heights h1, h2, and h3 of the D3m E
bottom cord of the truss so the three-hinged trussed arch
responds as a funicular arch. B
30 m
h3
h2
h1
A C

10 m 10 m 10 m 10 m 10 m 10 m 10 m 10 m

Solution
Y  #X 2
30  #(40) 2

#  0.01875 10 m 20 m 30 m 40 m

Thus,

Y  0.01875 X2 30 m

Y1  0.01875 (30 m)2  16.875 m

Y2  0.01875 (20 m)2  7.5 m

Y3  0.01875 (10 m)2  1.875 m

H1  300 m 16.875 m  13.125 m Ans.

H2  30 m 7.5 m  22.5 m Ans.

H3  30 m 1.875 m  28.125 m Ans.

Ans:
h1 = 13.125 m
h2 = 22.5 m
h3 = 28.125 m

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5–27. The laminated-wood three-hinged arch is subjected 10 kN 10 kN

to the loading shown. Determine the horizontal and vertical
components of reactions at the pins A, B, and C, and draw the
moment diagram for member AB. B
15 kN 15 kN

1.5 m 1.5 m

3.6 m

A C
4.8 m 4.8 m

N1 N1

N1
Solution P P
N1

P P

Member AB:
P
P
a+ ΣMA = 0; %[%\²² 
Member BC:
a+ ΣMC = 0; ²%[%\ 

Solving:
%[ N1 %\  $QV

Member AB: N1

+

S ΣF = 0; $[²     
x N1
$[ N1 $QV P


+ c ΣFy = 0; $\²      P
$\ N1 $QV

By symmetry:
&[ N1 $QV
&\ N1 $QV

0N1
P
Using the second FBD for member AB:
a+ ΣMA = 0; ²²%\ 
%\ N1
+ c ΣFy = 0; $\²² 
 0N1
P
$\ N1

Ans:
B x = 22.92 kN; B y = 0; A x = 7.92 kN;
A y = 20 kN; Cx = 7.92 kN; Cy = 20 kN

203
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*5–28. Determine the horizontal and vertical components 20 kN

of reaction at A, B, and C of the three-hinged arch. Assume B
A, B, and C are pin connected.
15 kN 0.6 m
1.5 m A

2.4 m

C
1.2 m
2.1 m 3m 1.5 m

20 kN

1.5 m
Solution 2.1 m

Member AB: 1.2 m

a  ; -!  0; "X(1.5)  "Y(3.3) 20(1.2)  0

0.6 m
Member BC: 15 kN 2.4 m
a  ; -#  0; "X(3)  "Y(4.5)  15(2.4)  0
4.5 m
Soving,

"Y  1.08 kN, "X  13.62 kN Ans.

Member AB:

 ; &X  0; ! X 13.62  0

! X  13.62 kN Ans.

 C ; &Y  0; ! Y 20  1.08  0
! Y  18.92 kN Ans.

Member BC:

 ; &X  0; #X  13.62 15  0

#X  1.38 kN Ans.

 C ; &Y  0; #Y 1.08  0
#Y  1.08 kN Ans.

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5–29. The tied three-hinged arch is subjected to the

loading shown. Determine the components of reaction at A 15 kN
10 kN
and C and the tension in the cable.
B
2m

2m 2m 1m
0.5 m
Solution
Entire arch:

+
S ΣFx = 0; Ax = 0 Ans.

a+ ΣMA = 0; Cy 15.52 - 1510.52 - 1014.52 = 0

Cy = 9.545 kN = 9.55 kN Ans.

+ c ΣFy = 0; 9.545 - 15 - 10 + Ay = 0
Ay = 15.45 kN = 15.5 kN Ans.

Section AB:

a+ ΣMB = 0; - 15.4512.52 + T 122 + 15122 = 0

T = 4.32 kN Ans.

Ans:
A x = 0; Cy = 9.55 kN;
A y = 15.5 kN; T = 4.32 kN

205