Human Skeletal and Muscular System

What are the 4 functions of the skeletal system?

1) It shapes the body 4) Protects the organs, and stores

2) Facilitates mobility minerals.
3) Produces blood cell

What are the 3 general functions of the muscular system? What is the primary function?

The 3 general function of muscular system;

 Help the body's mobility

 keeping good posture
 produces body heat

The primary function of the muscular system is mobility (movement).

Highlight the letter and word of the correct answer

Cartilage is

A) Infection in the bones

B) Swelling & stiffness in a joint

C) Tough flexible cushion between two bones

D) Curvature of the spine

Ligaments

A) Strong cord that connects bone to bone B) Strong cord that connects
muscle to bone

Tendons

A) Strong cord that connects bone to bone B) Strong cord that connects
muscle to bone

Proper care of a sprain is

 A) Bones kept in place

B) Rest, Ice, Compression and Elevation

C) Regular exercise and supplementation

Which of the following is located superior to the femur:

A) Metacarpals

B) Fibula

C) Tibia

D) Humerus

A bone is supplied with nutrients by

A) Yellow Bone Marrow

B) Red Bone Marrow

C) Calcification

D) Blood Vessels

What part of the skeletal system consists of the skull, breastbone, ribs and vertebrae?

A. Systematic B. Vertebral

C. Axial D. Appendicular

The appendicular skeleton consist of what parts?

A Head, sternum, ribs and vertebrae

B Hands, feet, legs, hips and arms

C Feet, head, legs, ribs and arms

D Hips, head, toes and fingers

The point at which two bones come together is what?

A. Ligaments B. Pivot

C. Ossification D. Joint
The fibrous bands that connects two bones in a joint are

A. Cartilage B. Tendons

C. Ligaments D. Strings

The process in which cartilage is replace by bone is called what?

A. Synovial Fluid B. Ossification

C. Compact bone D. Fracture

A break in the bone is called

A. Fracture B. Bursitis

C. Sprain D. Torn cartilage

Skeletal muscles are

A. Involuntary B. Voluntary

Your stomach muscle is

A. Involuntary B. Voluntary

How do muscles work together?

A. Stretch and pull B. Up and down

C. Contraction and Extension D. Right and left

Describe a fibrous joint? Give an example.

Fibrous joints are immovable or permanent joints that are found in only a few regions of
the human body. They are held together by fibrous connective tissues, which include
collagen fibers, and establish a link between bones. The best example of a fibrous joint is
the skull.

Describe a cartilaginous joint? Give an example.

Cartilaginous joints are entirely made of cartilage (fibrocartilage or hyaline). Cartilaginous
joints allow more movement between bones than fibrous joints, although they are less
flexible than synovial joints. The joint between the manubrium and the sternum is an
example of a cartilaginous joint.

Describe the following joint movements:

 Abduction/adduction:

Abduction is the movement of a bodily portion away from the center. Adduction
is the movement of a bodily portion toward the center.

 Elevation:

Elevation is the movement of a bone upward, such as when the shoulders are
shrugged, lifting the scapulae.

 Extension/flexion:

Flexion is the bending of a limb. Straightening a flexed limb is called extension.

 Pronation/supination:

Supination is defined as lying supine or facing up, or turning the palm or foot
up. Pronation is defined as lying prone or facing down, or turning the palm down.

 Circumduction/rotation:

Circumduction is the circular movement of a bodily portion. Rotation is moving

a body part around a central axis.

IDENTIFICATION:

● These two minerals give bones their strength and hardness _calcium and
phosphorus_
● The protective layer around the bone _periosteum_
● This can be found inside the center of bones __bone marrow__
● These types of bones are primarily used to support weight __long bone__
● The scientific name for the breastbone __sternum__
● Muscle fatigue is likely due to a buildup of _lactic acid_
● A sarcomere is defined as the region between two _Z-lines_
● The condition where a body becomes stiff after death is called __rigor mortis__
● When ATP has been used, it becomes __ADP__
● What is a motor unit? __ made up of each particular motor neuron and all of the
muscle fibers that it innervates.__
Describe and label the following parts of a long bone:

1) Proximal Epiphysis

2) Diaphysis

3) Distal Epiphysis

4) Medullary Cavity

5) Compact Bone

6) Periosteum

7) Epiphyseal line

8) Articular Cartilage

9) Spongy Bone