Revisi Skripsi Abdur - B Ing

THE EFFECT OF RISK ANALYSIS AND TRUST ON THE
EASE OF TRANSACTIONS VIA TOKOPEDIA JOINT

ACCOUNT WITH (Case Study of MSMEs Setia Jaya
Motor)
By :
ALDO FIRMANSYAH ABUDRRAHMAN
NIM.175020407141010
RESEARCH PROPOSAL
Presented As A Fulfillment Of Bachelor's Degree Requirements

Economics
INTERNATIONAL PROGRAM MANAGEMENT

FACULTIES AND BUSINESS
BRAWIJAYA UNIVERSITY
2022
i
Table of Contents
Contents
THE EFFECT OF RISK ANALYSIS AND TRUST ON THE EASE OF
TRANSACTIONS VIA TOKOPEDIA JOINT ACCOUNT WITH (Case Study of
MSMEs Setia Jaya Motor)...................................................................................i
Table of Contents...............................................................................................ii
Table.................................................................................................................... v
CHAPTER I..........................................................................................................1
INTRODUCTION..................................................................................................1
1.1 Background to the Problem............................................................................1
1.2 Problem Formulation.......................................................................................6
1.3 Research Objectives.......................................................................................6
1.4 Research Benefits...........................................................................................6
CHAPTER II.........................................................................................................9
LITERATURE REVIEW........................................................................................9
2.1 Theoretical Framework...................................................................................9
2.1.1 Tokopedia Overview....................................................................................9
2.1.2 The theory underlying the researcher's problem...................................14
2.1.2.1 E-Commerce..........................................................................................14
2.1.2.2 Ease of Transaction...............................................................................16
2.1.3 Risk..............................................................................................................18
2.1.4 Trust.............................................................................................................22
2.1.5 Literature Review.............................................................................................25
2.2 Framework......................................................................................................29
2.3 Hypothesis......................................................................................................30
CHAPTER III......................................................................................................31
RESEARCH METHODS.....................................................................................31
3.1 Research Approach.......................................................................................31
3.2 Research Place and Time............................................................................31
3.4 Definition of Opearsional and Measurement of Research Variables......32
3.4.1 Research Variables...................................................................................32
3.4.2 Definisi operasional Variabel....................................................................34
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3.4 Population and Sample Determination.......................................................37
3.5 Data Collection Methods...............................................................................38
3.6 Data Analysis and Analysis Methods..........................................................42
3.6.1 Data Instrument Test.................................................................................42
3.6.2 Data Analysis Techniques and Hypothesis Testing..............................43
CHAPTER IV......................................................................................................49
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION...........................................................................49
4.1 Result..............................................................................................................49
4.1.1 Description of Respondent Characteristics............................................49
4.1.2 Frequency Distribution of Research Variables......................................52
4.2 Hypothesis Testing........................................................................................57
4.2.1 Data Instrument Test.................................................................................58
4.2.2 Test of Classical Assumptions.................................................................60
4.3 Discussion......................................................................................................67
CHAPTER V.......................................................................................................69
CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS..............................................................69
5.1 Research Conclusions..................................................................................69
5.2 Suggestion......................................................................................................70
I. Risk Questionnaire....................................................................................75
II. Trust Questionnaire...................................................................................75
III. Ease Questionnaire.....................................................................................75
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iv
Table
Table 1 LIBRARY SOURCES…………….…………………………………………18
v
PENGARUH ANALISIS RISIKO DAN KEPERCAYAAN TERHADAP
KEMUDAHAN BERTRANSAKSI VIA REKENING BERSAMA
TOKOPEDIA (Studi Kasus UMKM Setia Jaya Motor)
Aldo Firmansyah Abdurrahman

Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis
Universitas Brawijaya
Aldofir11@gmail.com
Dosen Pembimbing
Nugroho Suryo Bintoro S.E.,M.Ec.,Dev.
Abstrak
Tokopedia, sebuah platform e-commerce. Orang-orang yang sebelumnya
memanfaatkan aplikasi digital telah meningkatkan upaya mereka, sementara
mereka yang sebelumnya tidak menggunakannya sekarang mulai menggunakan
aplikasi digital untuk memenuhi kebutuhan mereka. Salah satu hal yang
konsumen beli secara online adalah risiko. Faktor penting lainnya yang
mempengaruhi belanja online adalah kenyamanan. Selain itu, faktor lain yang
mempengaruhi pembelian produk dari Tokopedia sebagai media online adalah
kepercayaan.
Tujuan penelitian 1) Untuk mengetahui variable risiko berpengaruh
signifikan terhadap kemudahan bertransaksi via rekber tokopedia (studi kasus
UMKM setia jaya motor). 2) Untuk mengetahui variable Kepercayaan
berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kemudahan bertransaksi via rekber tokopedia
(studi kasus UMKM setia jaya motor). 3) Untuk mengetahui variable risiko dan
Kepercayaan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kemudahan bertransaksi via
rekber tokopedia (studi kasus UMKM setia jaya motor).
Dari hasil pengujian hipotesis penelitian terdapat pengaruh signifikan secara
parsial antara risiko terhadap Kemudahan Bertransaksi Via Rekber Tokopedia.
pengaruh signifikan secara parsial antara kepercayaan terhadap Kemudahan
Bertransaksi Via Rekber Tokopedia. Pengaruh signifikan secara simultan antara
risiko dan kepercayaan terhadap Kemudahan Bertransaksi Via Rekber
Tokopedia.
Kata Kunci : Risiko (X1), Kepercayaan (X2) dan Kemudahan (Y)
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THE EFFECT OF RISK ANALYSIS AND TRUST ON EASY
TRANSACTION VIA TOKOPEDIA JOINT ACCOUNT (Case Study of
MSMEs Setia Jaya Motor)
Aldo Firmansyah Abdurrahman
faculty of Economics and Business

Brawijaya University
aldofir11@gmail.com
Supervisor:
Nugroho Suryo Bintoro S.E.,M.Ec.,Dev.
Abstract
Tokopedia, an e-commerce platform. People who previously used digital
applications have increased their efforts, while those who previously did not use
them are now starting to use digital applications to fulfill their needs. One of the
things consumers buy online is risk. Another important factor influencing online
shopping is convenience. In addition, another factor that influences the purchase
of products from Tokopedia as an online medium is trust.
Research objectives 1) To find out the risk variables have a significant
effect on the ease of transactions via Tokopedia account (case study of UMKM
Setia Jaya Motor). 2) To find out the Trust variable has a significant effect on the
ease of transacting via Tokopedia account (case study of UMKM Setia Jaya
Motor). 3) To find out the risk and trust variables have a significant effect on the
ease of transacting via Tokopedia account (case study of UMKM Setia Jaya
Motor).
From the results of testing the research hypothesis, there is a partial
significant effect between risk on Ease of Transactions Via Tokopedia Account.
Partially significant influence between trust on Ease of Transactions Via
Tokopedia Account. Simultaneous significant influence between risk and trust on
Ease of Transactions Via Tokopedia Account.
Keywords: Risk (X1), Trust (X2) and Ease (Y)
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CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the Problem
The world was shocked when a new virus known as Coronavirus
disease 2019 (Covid-19) emerged at the beginning of 2020, with the first
case occurring in Wuhan Huabei Province in late December 2019.The World
Health Organization (WHO) declared Covid-19 a Global Health of
International Concern (PHEIC) emergency on January 30, 2020, citing the
outbreak’s potential for global spread and the need for a coordinated
international response.The World Health Organization (WHO) declared
Covid-19’s most recent status as a pandemic on March 11, 2020,
recognizing that this outbreak is not only a threat to public health but also a
crisis that affects a variety of life aspects, including economic, social, and
political (Susilo, A. Et al., 2020).
Many people around the world, including Indonesia, are worried about
the Covid-19 pandemic.In addition, a number of shops and malls have begun
to close, and some nations are self-quarantining and restricting social
activities by maintaining physical distance between individuals.In a similar
vein, some access roads have begun to close as well.Therefore, shopping
online is also an option.carried out by a number of businesses also has an
effect on Indonesians’ interest in online shopping trends.A shopping
application that sells a variety of everyday necessities and a separate
application for buying and selling used goods are examples of widely used
applications.
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As one of the e-commerce platforms, TokopediaPeople who have used
digital applications in the past are using them more frequently, while people
who have never used them before are beginning to use them to meet their
needs.
When compared to opening an offline store, which requires more capital
to rent a place to sell and pay employee salaries, Tokopedia is one of the
online marketplaces that provides great business opportunities to every
business person who wants to easily create or open an online store.Even if
you don’t have any money, you can open an online store and sell products
on the market.because any and all of Tokopedia’s basic services can be
used for free whenever a store is opened or products are sold to customers.
Tokopedia.com is a major Indonesian online retailer.Tokopedia.com was
established on August 17, 2009, with the goal of using the internet to create
a better Indonesia.Tokopedia.com was created as a way for businesses to
advertise or market their products in online media.Tokopedia.com, on the
other hand, must be prepared to compete with formidable rivals operating in
the same industry like Lazada.com, Kaskus, BukaLapak, and others.As a
result, Tokopedia must focus on factors that can pique the interest of internet
users in visiting the Tokopedia.com website.
Risk is one of the reasons customers choose to buy online.There are
risks associated with traveling online as well, such as the delay between
payment and product delivery.Second, we are unable to test the ordered
items prior to purchasing them.Thirdly, we are unable to determine whether
the earlier-ordered items have been damaged.However, there is some trust
behind the risk of shopping online.Trust is yet another factor that influences
consumers’ intentions to make a purchase through the online media of
Tokopedia.According to Disa and Kesuma (2017), one of the most important

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factors in online buying and selling is consumer confidence in e-commerce.A
business transaction between two or more parties will only take place if both
parties trust each other. Trust is one of the fundamental elements of any
business.This trust must be built from the ground up and can be
demonstrated, in addition to being recognized by other parties or business
partners.It is highly unlikely that online media transactions will take place
unless consumers have complete faith in the company.When a consumer
decides to shop online or buy a product online through the online shopping
system, there must be uncertainty regarding the likelihood of a risk.Since
consumers have faith in the internet business, trust plays a crucial role in
electronics trading (Sonja & Ewald, 2003).This causes customers to renege
on their plans to make online purchases, just like the delivery of goods that
are feared to be lost on the road.The convenience factor is a significant
influence on the subsequent online purchase.When it comes to using the
technology, ease refers to it not being difficult or requiring a lot of effort.All
aspects of life are made easier by the internet, including transactions like
buying and selling that can now be done online.Anyone who wants to buy
things online can easily do so from any location at any time as long as it is
connected to the internet.However, in reality, the steps provided by e-
commerce businesses are not as straightforward as claimed, requiring
customers to go through a longer sequence of steps than if they purchased
directly from the seller.Additionally, there are those who do not understand
how to shop online and those who believe that doing so is impractical.The
Tokopedia marketplace platform was established at that time in response to
a number of issues that the Indonesian public was experiencing.At the time,
many individuals and owners of 70 businesses wanted to try online business,
but they had limited funds, access to technology, partners in banking and
4
logistics, and even access to consumer markets. This was the first
obstacle.The problem can be solved by the market thanks to this
loophole.The second issue, on the other hand, is how to structure things so
that free-to-use digital marketplaces like Tokopedia can continue to
thrive.The second issue was that Tokopedia continued to investigate the
startup company funding system at the time, which ultimately led Tokopedia
to independently seek investor bailout for as many fund investments as
possible.Tempo (summary:The most challenging aspect of developing
Tokopedia is gaining the trust of other parties in order to encourage them to
invest their money in the platform.
(https://tekno.tempo.com/read/672019/)Tokopedia was finally able to
persuade PT Indonusa Dwitama to become its first investor in 2009.Investors
continue to come in from all over the world, including financiers from East
Ventures (2010), Cyer Agent Ventures (2011), Netprice (2012), Softbank,
and Sequoia Capital in 2014. In 2014, Sequoia Capital made it the first
technology company in Southeast Asia to receive an investment of USD 100
million, or approximately Rp.1.2 trillion.Tokopedia also received a USD 147
million investment in the same year, up until Aliaba’s decision to invest at
least USD 1.1 billion.because the funding that allows Tokopedia’s users to
use it for free up until this point.
Therefore, the problems that occur can also be overcome bycomparing
prices from various stores available on Tokopedia so that it is possible for
consumers to get the desired product at a cheaper price and free shipping
costs. Buyers can also see various reviews from other customers before
buying in order to avoid some risks and make buyers believe in the store
they choose.
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From the background presentation above, the author is interested in
researching with the title of the study: "The influence of risk analysis and
trust on the ease of transactions via tokopedia mutual funds (case
study of MSMEs Setia jaya motor)".
1.2 Problem Formulation
Based on the background above, the author concludes the formulation
of the problem to be studied in more detail. The formulation of the problem
studied in this study is:
1.2.1 Is there any effect of risk on the ease of transacting via tokopedia
joint account (case study of MSMEs in Setia jaya motor).?
1.2.2 Is there any influence of trust on the ease of transacting via tokopedia
joint account (case study of MSMEs Setia jaya motor).?
1.2.3 Is there an influence of risk and trust on the ease of transactions via
tokopedia joint account (case study of MSMEs Setia jaya motor).?
1.3 Research Objectives
1. To find out the risk variable has a significant effect on the ease of
transacting via tokopedia joint account (case study of MSMEs Setia jaya
motor).
2. To find out the trust variable has a significant effect on the ease of
transactions via tokopedia joint account (case study of MSMEs
Setia jaya motor).
3. To find out the variable risk and trust has a significant effect on the
ease of transacting via tokopedia mutual funds (case study of
MSMEs in Setia jaya motor).

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1.4 Research Benefits
The benefits of this research are:
1. For Tokopedia
With this research, it is hoped that it can provide consideration for
Tokopedia related to the risks, convenience and trust of transactions via
Tokopedia mutual funds.
2. For Academics
The results of the research are expected to be a learning material for the
future. Especially for the field of knowledge about business economics.
3. For Others
It is hoped that it can be used as reference material for further writing
and also if there are agencies that are experiencing problems regarding
the risks, convenience and trust of transactions via tokopedia mutual
funds.
4. For the Author
It is expected to increase knowledge and insight into the application of
the theory obtained during lectures into actual research.

CHAPTER II
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Theoretical Framework

2.1.1 Tokopedia Overview
1. Company Profile
One of Indonesia’s largest digital-based buying and selling businesses
is Tokopedia.com.Since its public debut, PT.Tokopedia has grown quickly
to become one of Indonesia’s internet companies.Tokopedia makes it
possible for any individual brand or small store to open and manage an
online store by following the business model of marketplaces and online
malls.Tokopedia’s fundamental services have been available to everyone
for free since its launch until the end of 2015.Tokopedia has a program to
help individuals and Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) grow
their businesses by marketing products online. Its mission is to “Build a
Better Indonesia Through the Internet.”Under the direction of PT,
Tokopedia.com’s history was made available to the general public for the
first time on August 17, 2009.On February 6, 2009, William Tanuwijaya and
Leontinus Alpha Edison established Tokopedia.Pt.PT provided Tokopedia
with initial funding.Tokopedia.In 2009, Indonusa DwitamaThe global
venture capitalists East Ventures (2010), Cyber Agent Ventures 28 (2011),
Netprice (2012), and SoftBank Ventures Korea then provided Tokopedia
with additional funding injections in subsequent years.In October 2014,
Tokopedia became the first technology company in Southeast Asia with an
investment of USD 100 million, or approximately Rp.1.2 trillion from
SoftBank Internet and Media Inc. (SIMI) and Sequoia Capital.It was once
9
10
more reported that Tokopedia had received an investment of approximately
Rp 147 million in April 2016.1.9 Trillion
(http://republikpos.com/2016/10/profilperusahaan-tokopedia-and-kisah-
pendirinya accessed at 12:56 WIB on January 17, 2017).Tokopedia is an
online company that makes it easy and free for every business and
individual in Indonesia to start and run an online business. It also makes
online shopping safer and more convenient.Because the success of a
marketplace can only be achieved by making others more successful,
Tokopedia believes that the marketplace is the most beautiful business
model in the world.(Accessed January 17, 2017, at 12:36 p.m., from
https://www.tokopedia.com/about?lang=id)
b. Vision, Mission, Values and Logo of PT. Tokopedia
1.) Vision of "Building a better Indonesia, through the internet".
2.) Mission To continue to strive to provide opportunities for every
individual in Indonesia to start a business easily and for free on
Tokopedia.
c. Logo Tokopedia
1) Logo
Picture 1
Logo Tokopedia
Green dominates Tokopedia because it is the same color
as the earth and is a sign of peace and humility.Tokopedia

11
always makes an effort to be “unselfish” and always considers
the user’s perspective.Toppers, or users of the Tokopedia
application, contributed to many of the site’s
features.Tokopedia’s “mascot” is the green owl
Toped.”tokopedia” is written in green letters on Tokopedia’s
logo.
2) Mascot
Picture 2
Tokopedia Mascot Tokopedia
Tokopedia’s “mascot” is an owl because of its ability to
see in all directions and its widespread use as a symbol of
intelligence and wisdom.Similarly, Tokopedia always tries to
see things from both buyers’ and sellers’ perspectives when
developing its services to make them easier.
3) Slogan
“Have you checked Tokopedia yet?” is the slogan.became
one of Tokopedia’s public relations efforts, and it actually
worked to get people to know and trust Tokopedia.Tokopedia
always cultivates positive relationships with users and
merchants, which is the background of this slogan.Tokopedia

12
also strives to provide merchants and users with the best
possible service.Tokopedia is always close to its merchants and
users in order to build relationships and provide excellent
service.Tokopedia finally came up with its slogan because of
this closeness.”If you want to find good and cheap goods,
where are they?” is a question that merchants and users
frequently receive.They responded concisely, “Have you looked
at Tokopedia?”The Management Team and the Repp Team
finally asked, “Have you checked Tokopedia yet?” due to the
large number of users and merchants who said it.as
Tokopedia’s slogan.
4) Company Structure:
Picture 3
Tokopedia Company Chart
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2.1.2 The theory underlying the researcher's problem
2.1.2.1 E-Commerce
a. Definition of E-Commerce
E-Commerce is “the process of buying and selling products
electronically by consumers and from corporate companies with
computers as providers of business transactions,” according to
Laudon & Laudon (1998). By using computer networks, especially
the internet, e-commerce is a business activity that involves
consumers, producers, service providers, and intermediary traders.
Bajaj & Nag (2005) claim that because information is at the
heart of all commercial activities, e-commerce (EC) facilitates
traditional commerce by providing new methods for transferring and
processing information.
Electronic data exchange, electronic mail, electronic bulletin
boards, electronic funds transfer, and other network-based
technologies are examples of e-commerce. Automatically, data is
transferred electronically from one computer to another. E-
commerce users can experience a number of benefits. These
advantages have been further broken down into the following three
categories :
1) Benefits for the organization
a) Expanding the marketplace to national and international
markets.
b) Lower the cost of creating, processing, distributing, storing
and searching for information using paper.

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2. Benefits for consumers
a) Allows us to get faster access to information.
b) Allows customers to be able to shop or make other
transactions 24 hours a day throughout the year from near
each location using Wi-Fi facilities.
3. Benefits to society
a) Allows people to work inside the home and not have to leave
the house to shop. This is directly related to reducing the
flow of traffic density on the road as well as reducing air
pollution.
b) Allows a certain amount of merchandise to be sold at a lower
price.
b. Types of E-Commerce
E-commerce is typically categorized according to the nature of
the transaction.The following distinctions can be made
regarding the classification of e-commerce (Laudon & Laudon,
2008, p. 63) :
1) Retail sales of goods and services to individual consumers
are referred to as B2C.
2) The sale of goods and services between businesses is
referred to as “Business to Business,” or B2B.
3) The practice of selling directly to customers is known as
“consumer to consumer” (C2C).
2.1.2.2 Ease of Transaction
a. Definition of convenience
15
Harlan asserts (2014:The belief that a person will not need
to work in order to use a particular technology is what Mathieson
(1991:39) refers to as ease.In the meantime, Goodwin and Silver
in Sakti et al. (2013):3 stated that the level of use and interaction
between users and the system can also demonstrate ease of
use.Convenience can be defined as the degree to which a user
believes that using a system does not require a lot of effort on their
part and is simple to understand.The convenience principle states
that a technology will be utilized more frequently if it is simple to
use.According to Iqbaria (2010:14), this convenience will influence
behavior in Amijaya;That is, a person’s level of use of information
technology will rise in direct proportion to how easy they think
technology is to use.The ease of use demonstrates an evident
belief in the decision-making process.If the technology is easy to
use and the customer trusts it, they will use it.However, if it is
difficult to comprehend and does not rely on existing information
technology, customers will not use it.
B. Panggih Rizki Dwi Istiarni (2014) identifies the factors that influence
how easy it is to use technology.19-20) There are a few things that affect
how easy it is to use technology:
1) The technology itself is the first factor; a good technology that is
used frequently will make it easy for users to use.For instance, the
convenience of using comparable technologies will be provided to
users.
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2) The second factor is the technology’s user-generated
reputation.The technology’s ease of use will be bolstered by users’
confidence in its good reputation.
3) The availability of trustworthy supporting mechanisms is the third
factor that influences users’ perceptions of the ease with which
technology is utilized.Users will feel more at ease and confident in the
presence of a dependable support mechanism when they encounter
difficulties using technology, which will shift user perception in a more
favorable direction.
b. Joint Account (REKBER)
Joint account (Rekber) is a payment system using transfers
between accounts, to bridge buyers and sellers if in they make
buying and selling transactions. Here the role of a third party is
needed to overcome problems such as if the buyer does not agree
on a direct transfer of money to the seller's account. This third
party is what we often call Rekber Services. In general, they will
ask for a commission from each sales transaction or even if they
are lucky to get the service for free (Nugroho, 2015).
2.1.3 Risk
a. Definition of Risk
Risk can be defined as a combination of the probability of an
event with its consequences or with its consequences (ISO/IEC Guide
73). (Wiwin, 2010) .
According to Astralian Standard / New Zealand Standard 4360:
2004, risk is the possibility or chance of something happening that can

17
cause an impact of a target, risk is measured based on the possibility
of a case or the consequences it can cause. According to (Wiwin,
2010) there are 5 types of risk, namely:
1) Safety Risks
Safety risks have low probabilities, high rates of exposure and
consequences, are acute, and in the event of contact or direct
exposure the effects are seen. The causes of safety risks are more
recognizable and focus more on human safety and workplace
accident prevention.
2) Health Risks
Health risks have a high probability, low degree of exposure and
consequences, and are chronic in nature. The causes of health
risks are difficult to know and focus more on human health.
3) Environmental and Ecological Risks
Environmental and ecological risk involves diverse interactions
between populations, communities. The focus of environmental
and ecological risks is more on the impacts on habitats and
ecosystems that are far from the source of risk.
4) Financial Risk
Financial risks have long-term and short-term risks of property
losses related to insurance calculations and insurance control. The
focus of financial risk is more on ease of operation and financial
aspects.
1) Risks to Society
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Risks to society pay attention to people's views on organizational
performance and production, all things at risk to society are
focused on the assessment and perception of society.
b. Types of Risks
The risks faced by an organization or company are affected by
various factors either from within or from outside. External factors, for
example, are related to finances, government policies, market
demands, regulations and others. Risks that originate from internal
sources, for example, are related to operations, processes or work.
Therefore, the risks in organizations are very diverse according to the
nature, scope, scale and type of activity, including the following
(Soehatman, 2010) :
1). Financial Risk
2). Market Risk
3). Natural Risks
4). Operational Risk
5). Employment and social risks
6). Security Risks
7). Social Risk
c. Risk Identification
Risk identification is a stage that is carried out by identifying
certain things (hazards) in the work that can cause a risk to occur.
(Wiwin, 2010).
Risk identification must be carried out by certain methods so
that it can be ensured that all important activities of the organization

19
have been identified and all risks derived from activities are clearly
identified.
All changes (volatility) related to activities must be known and
grouped with certainty. (Hinsa, 2007) .
Based on according to PERMENAKER No: PER.05 / MEN
/1996 standards on risk identification, among others (Wiwin, 2010):
1) Identify the existing conditions in comparison with the
provisions of this pedomoan.
2) Identify the sources of danger related to the activities of the
enterprise.
3) Assessment of the level of knowledge, fulfillment of regulatory
legislation and K3 standards.
4) Reviewing the cause and effect of harmful events,
compensation for disturbances and the results of previous
assessments related to K3.
d. Purpose of risk identification
The purpose of risk identification Is to identify the threat of
uncertainty facing the organization. To be able to do well, it requires
in-depth knowledge of the organization, the market in which the
organization operates, the environment of harmony and legislation,
social, political and cultural, where the organization is located, as well
as the level of progress of understanding operational strategies and
objectives, covering success factors, threats and opportunities to
achieve goals. (Hinsa, 2007).

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2.1.4 Trust
a. Definition of trust
Mowen and Minor in June Donni (2017, p.116) state that trust
is the sum of the consumer’s knowledge and conclusions regarding
the product’s features and benefits.In June Donni (2017, p.116),
Rousseau et al. State that trust is a psychological area that is
concerned with accepting what it is based on expectations of others’
good behavior.
One party’s belief in the other party’s dependability, durability,
and integrity, as well as the belief that the other party’s actions are
in the best interests of the trusted party and will lead to positive
outcomes, are all components of trust, according to Maharani
(2010).In contrast, trust, as defined by Pavlo in Donni Juni (2017, p.
116), is an assessment of a person’s relationship with another
person who will carry out specific transactions in accordance with
expectations in an environment that is full of uncertainty.
When the words, promises, or written statements of an
individual or group can be realized from the definition of experts
provided above, it is possible to draw the conclusion that trust is an
expectation held by an individual or group.
b. Trust characteristics
According to Donni June (2017, p.118) trust is built on a
number of characteristics. The various characteristics with regard to
trust are as follows:

21
1. Maintaining Consumer Relations who believe in always
maintaining a good relationship between himself and the
company because he realizes that a good relationship will
have a beneficial impact on him.
2. Accepting the Influence of Consumers who have high trust will
be easily influenced so that the company /marketing costs for
marketing programs become cheaper.
3. Open in Communication Consumers who have high trust in
the company will provide constructive information for the
company so that the flow of information becomes not
stagnant.
4. Reducing Supervision A trusting consumer usually rarely
criticizes so he reduces his oversight function towards the
company/marketer.
5. Patience Consumers who believe will have excessive patience
compared to ordinary consumers.
6. Providing Consumer Defenses that believe will provide
defense to companies / marketers when the products they
consume are criticized by competitors or other users.
7. Providing Positive Information Consumers who believe will
always provide positive and constructive information for the
company.
8. Accepting Risk a believing consumer will accept any risk when
he decides to use the product produced by the company.

22
9. Convenience A consumer who believes in making purchases
repeatedly because he believes that the company / marketer
gives him convenience foruk consume the product in the short
as well as long term.
10. Ease that believes it will be easy to be given satisfaction
compared to consumers who do not believe.
c. Types of Trust
Mowen and Minor in June Donni (2017,p.119) state that there
are three types of consumer confidence, as follows:
1) Object Attribute Trusts Knowledge of an object has a special
attribute called an object trust. An object attribute trust relates
an attribute to an object, such as a person, good or service.
2) Product Benefit Trust A person is looking for products and
services that will solve problems in meeting his needs in other
words having attributes that will provide benefits that can be
recognized.
3) Object Benefit Trust The third type of trust is formed by linking
the object and its benefits. Object benefit trust is the
consumer's perception of how far a particular product, person
or service will give a certain benefit.
2.1.5 Literature Review
No Nama Penulis Judul Penelitian Riset Variabel Ringkasan

1 Cynthia L. Measuring Trust, online With the increasing use of
Corritore Online Trust of trust, e- the Internet for e-commerce
(2005) Websites: commerce, and access to information,
Credibility, website users' trust in websites has
23
Perceived Ease been studied. The lack of

of Use, and Risk reliable online trust
measures limits research
on online trust. MIS
researchers make this the
most important action. A
new tool for measuring
human trust in a particular
website is presented in this
whitepaper. In a controlled
experiment, the tool was
tested on two different
websites. Separate sample
factor analysis was used to
analyze the material. This
process has made the
device reliable,
environmentally friendly,
and designed with high
integration and isolation in
mind.
2 Nanik The Impact Of Trust, The purpose of this study
Kustiningsih Electronic Word Electronic was to determine whether
(2022) Of Mouth Word of Mouth, trust, e-WOM, ease of use
(Ewom), Ease Of Ease of Use, and brand image affect the
Use, Trust, Brand Image, purchasing behavior of
And Brand Purchase Tocopedia customers. The
Images To Intention sample can include up to
Purchase 120 respondents. Data was
Intention On collected through a Google
Tokopedia: Form-based questionnaire.
Evidence From The regression technique
Indonesia used in data analysis
supports t-test, classical
24
hypothesis testing, and

path analysis. Based on the
results of the research and
subsequent discussion, the
variables that were reported
to be significant and
effective were the trust
variable, e-WOM variable,
usability variable, different
image models for
purchasing, different trust,
different e-WOM and
convenience. use is also
different.
3 Misbah The Impact of Mobile Money In this cross-sectional
Noreen , Perceived Risk Services, study, a standardized
Zahiruddin and Trust on Perceived questionnaire was used to
Ghazali , Md. Adoption of Risk, collect baseline data from
Shahin MIA Mobile Perceived mobile money users in
(2021) Money Services: Trust, Pakistan Punjab province, Pakistan.
An Empirical The data were analyzed
Study in using the bootstrap method
Pakistan and the Smart-PLS
algorithm. This study finds
that adoption of mobile
money services in Pakistan
is affected by three
perceived risks: financial
risk, privacy risk, and
security risk. In addition,
trust has been shown to be
an important factor in
household expenditure
information. Respondents
25
also said that using mobile

money services can save
time and money during
financial transactions.
Policymakers and service
providers can benefit from
the findings of this study by
increasing the use of
mobile money by
disadvantaged groups.
4 Dian Factors Affecting Perceived The purpose of this study
Widiyati , The Use Of E- benefit; was to identify the factors
Neneng Money compatibility; associated with energy
Hasanah (Study On E- perceived expenditure. This type of
(2020) Money User In usefullness; e- research is a quantitative
City Of South money survey using an electronic
Tangerang) questionnaire (Google
Form). In Banten City,
South Tangerang, 107
people have been
examined. The random
sampling method was used
for testing, and E-Views 8
was used as an analysis
method for various
documents that affect
electricity use, and if
combined, also affect
electricity use.
5 Denny Indra The Effect of Mobile The purpose of this study
Prastiawan Perceived banking; was to identify the factors
Siti Aisjahb Usefulness, perceived ease that influence the use of
Rofiatyc Perceived Ease of use; attitude mobile banking services
(2021) toward use; based on the perception of
26
of Use, social small customers of Bank

Social Influence influence; DKI in Surabaya. The
on The Use of micro customer variables used in this study
Mobile Banking were developed in other
through studies with the same topic
the Mediation of but on different
Attitude Towards characteristics of micro
Use customers. In line with
theoretical research, SEM-
PLS was used to assess
the measurement of
variables. Questionnaires
were distributed to 266
microloan recipients from
Bank DKI to collect
information. In research, it
has been clearly proven
that social influence,
perceived usefulness, and
ease of use directly or
indirectly affect the use of
character bank accounts.
This article also discusses
the implications.
Data source, researcher (2021)
2.2 Framework
Based on the formulation and objectives of the study, the framework of
this research is as follows:
Figure 2.1
Think Framework
Risk (X1)
Ease (Y)
27
Belief (X2)
Researcher data sources , 2021
Information:
: Partial influence
: Simultaneous Influence
2.3 Hypothesis
“A hypothesis is a temporary answer to the formulation of a research
problem, where the formulation of a research problem has been
expressed in the form of a question sentence,” according to Sugiyono
(2018, p. 63).”Hypotheses come from the words hypo and thesis,” says
Margono (2004).Hypo stands for less than, whereas thesis refers to
opinion.Therefore, a hypothesis is a still-temporary opinion or
conclusion.The following are the study’s hypotheses:
a. A case study of MSMEs in Setia Jaya Motor suggests that the risk
variables have a significant impact on the ease of transactions through
tokopedia mutual funds.
b. Based on a case study of MSMEs from Setia jaya motor, it is
hypothesized that the Trust variables have a significant impact on how
easy it is to conduct transactions via tokopedia recber.
c. The case study of MSMEs Setia to Jaya Motor suggests that the
variables of trust and risk have a significant impact on the ease of
transactions through tokopedia mutual funds.

28
CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHODS
3.1 Research Approach
Research method is a way of understanding science by guiding
researchers through the actions of research, including the methods and
techniques used in research. The method used by the researcher in this
research is quantitative research and uses statistical methods to help
analyze the data and facts obtained. Hartono (2011: 85) explains that
quantification is research that focuses more on numerical data (numeric)
which is carried out using statistical methods.
In general, research using multiple methods is large-scale
research because some methods are used to rely on scientific uncertainty,
for example to determine that the error is zero when testing a hypothesis
and rejecting a hypothesis. Therefore, with this method, we will be able to
obtain the relationship between the different subjects.
3.2 Research Place and Time
a. Research Site
The place of this research is in UMKM setia jaya motorbike which is
located at Street Dermojoyo, Payaman, Nganjuk District, Nganjuk
Regency, East Java 64418. The reason why researchers choose MSMEs
is loyal to motorcycles is because the location has all the supporting
aspects so that researchers can run well.
b. Research Time
The time used by the researcher for this study was carried out from
October 2021 to December 2021, the date of issuance of the research
9
30
permit within a period of approximately 3 (two) months, 1 month of data
collection, 1 month of making proposals and 1 month of data processing
which includes presentation in the form of a thesis and a guidance
process takes place.
3.4 Definition of Opearsional and Measurement of Research Variables
Operationalization of variables is necessary in determining the types,
indicators, and scale of the variables related to a study, so that hypothesis
testing with statistical aids can be carried out correctly.
3.4.1 Research Variables
1). Risk
Risk is the resultof all things that result in losses for the company"
(Natwatri, Topowijono, Husaini, 2015). Risk indicators are categorized
in five dimensions in research conducted by Laforet (2007) and
Beneke et al (2012) in the journals Ramulu and Sapna (2015: 219)
including:
a). Fuctional risk: the risk that the product does not perform as
expected.
b). Financial risk: the risk of a product that is not balanced with its
price.
c). Physical risk: risk to oneself and others that the product can
cause.
d). Psychological risk: the risk that a poor product choice can hurt
the consumer's ego.
2). Belief
31
Trust is According to Mowen and Minor in June Donni (2017
p.116) Trust is all the knowledge possessed by the consumer and all
the conclusions made by the consumer about its objects, attributes and
benefits.
According to Kotler and Keller (2016:225) there are four indicators
of consumer confidence, namely as follows:
a). Benevolence (earnestness/sincerity). Benevolence is how
much a person trusts the seller to behave well to the
consumer.
B). Ability Ability is a current assessment of a person’s
capabilities. In this instance, how the seller convinces the
buyer and offers a promise of satisfaction and safety during
the transaction.
c). Integrity is a person’s confidence in the seller’s honesty to
keep the agreement they’ve made with the customer and
fulfill it.
d). Acceptance of risks or potential negative consequences is the
willingness to rely on the seller, which is known as
dependence.
3) Ease of Transaction
Convenience is how easy it is to use the internet as a means of
buying and selling onlinein (Adityo, 2011: 68). According to Jimenez et
al., (2016) in the research of Andrean Septa Yogananda and I Made
Bayu Dirgantara (2017:4) suggested that the perception of ease of use
consists of three indicators, namely:

32
a. Easy to learn. It is a condition where the perceived ease that a
new system is easy to learn.
b. Easy to get. It is a condition where the new system to be used is
easy to obtain.
c. Easy to operate. It is a condition where the new system to be used
will be easy to operate.
3.4.2 Definisi operasional Variabel
Tabel 3.1
Definisi Operasional Variabel
Definisi Indikator Item Skala

Risk (X1) is the whole Functional 1. The product I bought
thing that results in losses Risk did not work well.
for the company" Financial Risk 2. The product I bought is
(Natwatri, Topowijono, not balanced with the Likert
Scale
Husaini, 2015). price
Physical Risk 3. The product I bought,
has a high risk
Psychological 4. The products I bought
Risk According were not in my
to Laforet expectations.
(2007) and
Beneke et al
(2012) in the
journals
Ramulu and
Sapna
(2015:219)
Trust (X2) is According to Benevolence 1. I bought the product Skala
Likert
Mowen and Minor in June (kesungguhan earnestly.
Donni (2017 p.116) Trust / ketulusan)
33
is all the knowledge Ability 2. I can afford to buy

possessed by the (Kemampuan) products at Setia Jaya
consumer and all the Motor
conclusions made by the Integrity 3. I am sure before
consumer about its (integritas) buying the product
objects, attributes and Willingness to 4. I am willing in buying
benefits depend products
According to
Kotler dan
Keller
(2016:225)
Convenience (Y) is how Easy to learn 1. Tokopedia makes it
easy it is to use the easy for me to order.
internet as a means of Easy to get 2. Tokopedia makes it
buying and selling onlinein easier for me to get the
(Adityo, 2011:68). desired items. Skala
Likert
Easy to 3. Tokopedia is very easy
operate to operate.
According to
Jimenez et al.,
(2016)
Researchers' data sources, 2021
The scale used in this study is the Likert Scale using interval data
measures, where this scale is used to measure the attitudes, opinions, and
perceptions of a person or group of people about social phenomena (Sugiyono,
2011). With this scale, the variables to be measured are described based on
indicators according to experts to then be used as a benchmark in compiling
instruments in the form of statements. In response to statements on a Likert
scale, respondents determine their level of approval of a statement by choosing

34
one of the available options. For the purposes of quantitative analysis, the
respondents' answers can be scored as below:
Table 3.2
Likert Scale Rating
No. Answer Notasi Value Likert

1. Strongly Agree SA 7
2. Agree A 6
3. Somewhat Agree SAG 5
4. Not enough agree NA 4
5. Disagree D 3
6. Strongly Disagree SD 2
7. Strongly Disagree Once SDO 1
Researchers' data sources, 2021
3.4 Population and Sample Determination
a. Population
Sugiyono (2020) says that a population is a generalization area
made up of things or people with certain qualities and characteristics that
researchers want to study and then draw conclusions from.This study’s
population consists of all customers who use Tokopedia to make
purchases at Setia Jaya Motor MSMEs.
b. Sample
35
Sugiyono (2018) states that the sample is a part of the whole and a
characteristic possessed by a population. Samples constitute a portion of
the population, or small groups observed (Furchan 2005;193). then this
study used samples as stated by Suharsimi Arikunto 34 (2006). Since the
population is unknown, sampling is carried out using the following formula:
description:
n: sample size
Za/2: The standard value lists outside the normal standard how the
confidence level is (a) 95%
E: The level of provision used by stating the
maximumerror rate is 20%
Based on the calculations above, the number of samples used was
96.04 respondents. In order for this study to be more fit, a sample was
taken to 100. So the number of samples that will be used in this study is
100 respondents.
The sampling technique in this study used incidental sampling.
Sugiyono (2012: 124) stated "Incidental sampling is a sample
determination technique based on chance, that is, anyone who
coincidentally / incidentally meets with a researcher can be used as a
sample, if it is seen that the person who happens to be met is suitable as
a data source".
36
3.5 Data Collection Methods
The following is an explanation of the data retrieval techniques
needed in this study:
1. Observation
Sugiyono asserts (2016:310) Participating observation, blatant
and disguised observation, and unstructured observation are all forms
of observation.Participatory observation, in which researchers
participate in the day-to-day activities of people who are being
observed or who are used as a source of research data, includes this
study.Susan Stainback claims (in Sugiyono, 2016:311) While making
observations, researchers felt the ups and downs as well as
participated in the activities of the data source.The researchers will be
able to see and observe for themselves events as they occurred in the
situation in the Setia JAYA MOTOR MSMEs, such as having
relationships with the company and doing various things related to the
Setia JAYA MOTOR MSMEs, making the data obtained through the
observation of these participants more complete and sharp.
2. Interview
According to Sujarweni (2015; 31), the interview can be conducted face-
to-face or over the telephone, i.e., with or without the use of guidelines, to
obtain explanations and gather information through question-and-answer
techniques.An unstructured interview is a free interview in which the
researcher does not use interview guidelines that have been arranged
systematically and completely for the collection of data. In this study, the
interview that the researcher conducted was an unstructured interview.

37
The interview guidelines used are only in the form of outlines of
the problems to be asked that are related to the influence of risk analysis
and trust on the ease of transactions via tokopedia recber (case study of
MSMEs Setia to the motor), which is carried out by asking questions and
answers directly with informants related to the problem.
In this method, it is hoped that researchers can obtain data on the
general description of MSMEs related to the problem. The following
according to Lincoln and Guba in Sanapiah Faisal as quoted by Sugiyono
(2016;322).
a. Interview steps
1). Establish who the interview will be conducted to
2). Preparing the subject matter of the conversation
3). Opening the flow of the interview, by explaining the
4). background picture in detail and clearly on the research topic
5). Conducting interview plots
6). Confirm the overview of the interview results and end it
7). Write the results of the interview into field notes
8). Identifying follow-up interview results that have been obtained
b. Interview Tools
Sefforts the results of the interview can be recorded
properly, the researcher has evidence of having conducted an
interview with the informant or data source, then the following tools
are needed:
38
1). Notebook: serves to record all conversations with the data
source
2). Tape recorder or voice recorder: serves to record all
conversation conversations, previously the researcher had
asked permission to the informant
3). Camera: serves to photograph if the researcher is having a
conversation with an informant or data source. With this, it can
increase the validity of research.
In qualitative research, the main data collection techniques
are observation, and interviews. In practice the two methods can
be used together, meaning that the same interview also makes
observations or vice versa, the next there is documentation.
3. Documentation
Documentation is a record of past events. Documents can take the
form of writings, drawings or monumental works of sesepeople.
Documents in the form of writing include diaries, life histories, stories,
biographies, regulations, policies. Documents in the form of drawings
such as photos, living pictures, sketches and others according to
Sugiyono (2016: 329).
The results of the research from observations and interviews that
have been carried out by researchers, are also supported by
documents in the form of writings, images or documents resulting from
data processing from MSMEs loyal to jaya motor. In addition, it also
records the results of interviews that have been conducted.

39
3.6 Data Analysis and Analysis Methods
Scientific instruments are tools used to control natural and social
phenomena, and natural and social phenomena are separate studies. This
research tool is a questionnaire or questionnaire.
The data collection tool determines the accuracy of the data as it
determines the search results. (November 2011) A good tool must meet
two important criteria to be effective and reliable. (Aricunto, 2000)
3.6.1 Data Instrument Test
a. Validity Test
Validity test is used to assess whether the questionnaire is valid or
not (Ghozali, 2006). A questionnaire is declared valid if the questions in
the questionnaire can indicate something that will be measured by the
questionnaire. According to Sugiyono (2011), the instrument is defined as
an instrument used to obtain valid data (measurement). Usable means
that you can use the tool to measure what needs to be measured. An item
is declared valid if the value of the r scale is less than or equal to a
significance level of 5%. However, if it exceeds 5%, the product will be
declared invalid. The data was processed with Microsoft Excel and
Windows version of SPSS. 25.0 He.
b. Reliability Test
Reliability is a tool for evaluating problems that show discrepancies or
patterns. A questionnaire is said to be reliable or trustworthy if someone’s
answer to a question is sometimes consistent or reliable. SPSS allows
reliability testing with the Cronbach Alpha(α) statistical test. A construct or
variable is said to be reliable if its value (α) is 0.60 (Ghozali, 2011). This
40
test method is to test the data through validation testing and then if the
data is valid, the data is entered into the reliability index. Data processing
with Microsoft Excel and SPSS vs. Software tools for Windows programs.
25.0.
3.6.2 Data Analysis Techniques and Hypothesis Testing
The purpose of data analysis is to solve previous problems or
answer research questions. This study uses descriptive and statistical
analysis using Microsoft Excel and SPSS for Windows version 25. For the
steps used in the analysis:
1). In linear regression, the classical hypothesis test is a statistical test
that must be carried out. Hypothesis testing is used to ensure that the
regression model for this study is significant and representative. To
eliminate regression model errors by minimizing the square of each
observation, we use a regression model to estimate and explain linear or
regression equations (Ghozali, 2016).
a. Normality Normality Test The purpose of the normality test is to
determine whether the independent variable, the dependent
variable or both are normally distributed in the regression model
(Ghozali, 2016:76). Normal or nearly normal distributed regression
models can be applied. By comparing the obsessive-compulsive
distribution of a distribution with a normal distribution, you can use
the normal distribution in the plot to determine whether the data
should be distributed. The data plot is compared with the diagonal
of the normal distribution to be made. According to Ghozali (2016),

41
the regression model meets the assumption of normality if the data
closes the diagonal and changes in that direction.
b. Multicollinearity Test The purpose of the multicolonierity test is to
determine whether there is a significant relationship or correlation
between free variables in a regression model.There should be no
correlation between free variables in a good regression model
(Ghozali, 2016).Individual testing of free variables will become non-
signifiable as a result of multicolonierity, which will result in
regression error standards having a high value and regression
coefficients having a low value.Tolerance and the variance inflation
factor (VIF) are used to identify multicollinearity.Multicollinearity
occurs when VIF is greater than 10, but multicollinearity is absent
when VIF is less than 10.
c. Uji Heteroskedasticity The heteroskedasticity test, according to
Imam Ghozali (2016, p. 139), aims to determine whether there is
an inequality of variance between the residue of one observation
and another in the regression model.Homoskedasticity is when the
variance between one observation’s residual and another
observation is the same, while heteroskedasticity is when it
differs.The park gleyser graph method and the sperm rank
correlation coefficient test, which measures the correlation between
absolute residual regression results and all free variables, were
used to measure heteroskedasticity.The regression equation holds
true even if the probability of a correlation result is lower than the
heteroskedasticity of 0.05, or 5%.2).Multiple Linear Regression

42
Analysis In this study, multiple linear regression analysis was used
as the method of data analysis.A statistical method called multiple
linear regression analysis is used to predict how the circumstances
or influence of independent variables will affect dependent
variables.The free variables Risk (X1) and Trust (X2) have an
impact on Setia Jaya Motor MSMEs’ ease of transaction (Y)
through linear regression analysis.A multiple linear regression
model was used in this study.The following is the formula:Where:
Y=a+b1X1+b2X2+eY is the ease of the transaction; b1 is the risk
variable regression coefficient (X1); b2 is the trust variable
regression coefficient (X2); e is the standard error number
three.The SPSS for Windows version 25.0 tool was used to test the
hypothesis in this study.The following are the steps used in the
hypothesis test:a. T test The purpose of the t-test is to see if the
Independent variable has a significant impact on the Dependent
variable in part.The t test was used in this study to see how much
each risk and trust variable explains the ease of transaction
variable.
Ho = 0 indicates that the free variables have no significant impact
on the bound variables.Ha 0 indicates that the free variables have
a significant impact on the bound variables.The t test is performed
by contrasting the calculated t value with the table t or by focusing
on whether the sig t is lower than or equal to 0.05 or higher than
0.05.The hypothesis’s form, as depicted in the figure, determines
whether Ho should be rejected or accepted:

43
Figure 3. 1
T Test Curve (Partial)
- t count t count
4). Coefficient of Determination Test (R Test2)
According to Ghozali (2016), the primary purpose of the
Coefficient of Determination (R2) is to determine the extent to which
the regression model is capable of explaining the variation in the
dependent variables.The coefficient of determination (R2) lies
somewhere in the range of 0 to 1.
It is possible to say that the model is better able to describe a free
variable in comparison to a bound variable if the obtained (R2) is close
to one.On the other hand, the less accurately the free variables
describe the bound variables if (R2) is close to zero.Find the
magnitude of the partial termination coefficient (R2) for each free
variable massing in addition to proving with the F and t tests.If the
other variable is constant in relation to the bound variable, the extent of
each free variable’s contribution can be determined by calculating
R2.The variation in R2’s contribution to the bound variable increases
with R2’s value.

44
CHAPTER IV
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
4.1 Result
4.1.1 Description of Respondent Characteristics
a. Gender of Respondents
An overview of the characteristics of respondents in terms of gender
can be seen in table 4.1 and figure 4.1 below:
Table 4.1
Characteristics of Respondents By Gender
Number of
Gender Precentase
Respondents
Man 78 78%
Woman 22 22%
Sum 100 100%
Primary data sources processed by researchers, 2022
Picture 4.1
Chart of Respondents' Characteristics By Gender
22%
Laki-laki
78%
Perempuan
In table 4. 1 above it is known that the male gender of the
respondents was (78) or (78%). Female gender responden as much
as (22) or (22%). This means that the respondents dominan are
male. This is because a man is very fond of shopping for automotive

45
materials. With an attractive appearance, men will be more
enthusiastic in working.
b. Age Level of Respondents
An overview of the characteristics of respondents in terms of age level
can be seen in table 4. 2 and figure 4.2 below:
Table 4.2
Characteristics of Respondents Based on Age Level
Number of
Age Level Precentase
Respondents
15-20 year 10 10%
21-25 year 30 30%
26-30 year 49 49%
> 30 year 11 11%
Sum 100 100%
In table 4. 2 above it is known that the age of respondents 15-2 0
years is (10) or (10%). Respondents had an age of 2 1-25 years as
many as (30) or (30%). Meanwhile, REsponden has a lifespan of 26-30
years as much as (49) or (49%). Meanwhile, REsponden has a lifespan
of >30 years as much as (11) or (11%). It can be concluded that the
dominant respondents are aged 26-30 years.
c. Respondents Work
An overview of the characteristics of the respondents seen from the
respondent's work can be seen in table 4.3 and figure 4.3 below:
Table 4.3
Characteristics of Respondents Based on Respondents' Jobs
Job Number of Precentase

46
Respondents
Student 9 9%
Student University 62 62%
Official 11 11%
Private Employees 12 12%
Entrepreneurial 6 6%
Sum 100 100%
Picture 4.3
Chart of Respondents' Characteristics by Occupation
12 6% 9%
% Siswa
11% Mahasiswa
Pegawai
62 Karyawan Swasta
% Wirausaha
In table 4.3 above it is known that the respondents' work as
students was as good as (9) or (9%). Respondents' jobs as students
were (62) or (62%). Respondents' jobs as employees were (11) or
(11%). Respondents' jobs as private employees were (12) or (12%).
Meanwhile, respondents who work as entrepreneurs are as many as
(6) or (6%). This means that the dominant respondent has a job as a
student.
1. Respondent's Revenue
An overview of the characteristics of respondents seen from the
Respondents Income Per Month can be seen in table 4.4 and figure 4.4
below:
Table 4.4
Characteristics of Respondents Based on Opinionam
47
Income Sum Precentage

1.000.000. – 2.000.000 63 63%
2.100.000. – 3.000.000 26 26%
3.100.000. – 4.000.000 8 8%
4.100.000. – 5.000.000 3 3%
Sum 100 100%
Source data primary processed by researchers, 2022
Gambar 4.4
Chart of Respondents' Characteristics By Income
8% 3%
26 1.000.000. – 2.000.000
%
2.100.000. – 3.000.000
63 3.100.000. – 4.000.000
% 4.100.000. – 5.000.000
Source data primary processed by researchers, 2022
In table 4.4 above it is known that the respondent's income is
Rp.1.000.000 – Rp.2.000.000, sebanyak (63) or (63%). Income
responden Rp.2.100.000 - Rp.3.000.000, as much as (26) or (26%).
Income responden Rp.3.100.000 - Rp.4.000.000, as much as (8) or
(8%). Meanwhile, the respondent's income was RP.4,100,000 - IDR
5,000,000, as much as (3) or (3%). It can be concluded that the
dominant respondent has an income of Rp.1,000,000 –
Rp.2,000,000, This is because most of the respondents are students,
some of whom still rely on parental submissions.
4.1.2 Frequency Distribution of Research Variables
a. Risk Variables(X1)
Table 4.5
48
Frequency Distribution of Risk Variables (X1)
ITEM SA A N D SD AD VSD ∑ Total

X1.1 F 22 57 16 5 0 0 0 100
22 4,0 100
% 57% 16% 5% 0% 0% 0%
% %
X1.2 F 22 38 38 2 0 0 0 100
22 3,8 100
% 38% 38% 2% 0% 0% 0%
% %
X1.3 F 20 39 32 8 1 0 0 100
3,7 100
% 0% 39% 32% 8% 1% 0% 0%
%
X1.4 F 22 58 15 5 0 0 0 100
22 4,0 100
% 58% 15% 5% 0% 0% 0%
% %
Total 15,5
Average 3,87
In table 4.5 above, it is known that the X1.1 product I bought is not
working properly. Respondents who expressed strong agreement (SA)
were 22 or (22%). Respondents who agreed (A) were 57 or (57%).
Respondents who declared neutral (N) were 16 or (16%). Respondents
who expressed disapproval (D) were 5 or (5%). Respondents who
expressed strong disapproval (AD and VSD) were 0 or (0%). With an
average item of 4.0. This means that the dominant respondent answered
in agreement (S) to this statement.
In table 4.5 above, known as X1.2 The product I bought is not
balanced with the price. Respondents who expressed strong agreement
(SA) were 22 or (22%). Respondents who agreed (A) were 38 or (38%).
expressed strong disapproval (AD & VSD) were 0 or (0%). With an

49
in agreement (A) to this statement.
In table 4. 5 above, known as X1. 3 The products I buy, have a high
risk. Respondents who expressed strong agreement (SA) were 20 or
(20%). Respondents who agreed (A) were 39 or (39%). Respondents
who declared neutral (N) were 32 or (32%). Respondents who
expressed disapproval (D) were 8 or (8%). Respondents who expressed
strong disapproval (SD) were 1 or (1%). With an average item of 3.7.
This means that the dominant respondent answered in agreement (S) to
this statement.
In table 4.5 above, known as X1.4 The products I bought did not
meet my expectations. Respondents who expressed strong agreement
a. Trust Variables (X2)
Table 4.6
Variable Frequency Distribution of Trust (X2)

X2.1 F 12 47 38 3 0 0 0 100
12 3,7 100
% 47% 38% 3% 0% 0% 0%
% %
X2.2 F 15 58 21 6 0 0 0 100
15 3,8 100
% 58% 21% 6% 0% 0% 0%
% %
50
X2.3 F 14 45 35 4 2 0 0 100
14 3,7 100
% 45% 35% 4% 2% 0% 0%
% %
X2.4 F 13 42 40 5 0 0 0 100
13 3,6 100
% 42% 40% 5% 0% 0% 0%
% %
Total 14,8
Average 3,7
In table 4. 6 above, it is known that X 2.1 I bought the product
seriously. Respondents who expressed strong agreement (SA) were 12
or (12%). Respondents who agreed (A) were 47 or (47%). Respondents
who declared neutral (N) were 38 or (38%). Respondents who
expressed disapproval (D) were 3 or (3%). Respondents who expressed
strong disapproval (AD & VSD) were 0 or (0%). With an average item of
4.0. This means that the dominant respondent answered in agreement
(A) to this statement.
In table 4.6 above known X2.1 I can afford to buy products on setia
jaya motorbikes. Respondents who expressed strong approval (SA)
In table 4.6 above, known X2.3 I am sure before buying the product.
Respondents who expressed strong agreement (SA) were 14 or (14%).
Respondents who agreed (A) were 45 or (45%). Respondents who
declared neutral (N) were 35 or (35%). Respondents who expressed

51
disapproval (D) were 4 or (4%). Respondents who expressed strong
disapproval (SD) were 2 or (2%). With an average item of 3.7. This
means that the dominant respondent answered in agreement (A) to this
statement.
In table 4.6 above, known X2. 4 I am willing in buying products.
disapproval (AD & VSD) were 0 or (0%). With an average item of 3.6.
This means that the dominant respondent answered in agreement (A) to
this statement.
b. Variable Ease(Y)
Table 4.7
Ease Variable Frequency Distribution(Y)

Y1.1 F 12 48 36 4 0 0 0 100
12 4,0 100
% 48% 36% 4% 0% 0% 0%
% %
Y1.2 F 12 49 37 2 0 0 0 100
12 3,8 100
% 49% 37% 2% 0% 0% 0%
% %
Y1.3 F 17 52 26 5 0 0 0 100
17 3,7 100
% 52% 26% 5% 0% 0% 0%
% %
Total 15,5
Average 3,87
In table 4. 7 above, it is known that Y1.1 Tokopedia makes it easier
for me to order. Respondents who expressed strong agreement (SA)

52
In table 4.7 above, known Y1.2 Tokopedia makes it easier for me to
get the desired goods. Respondents who expressed strong agreement
In table 4.7 above, known Y1. 3 Tokopedia is very easy to operate.
disapproval (SD) were 1 or (1%). With an average item of 3.8. This
means that the dominant respondent answered in agreement (A) to this
statement.
4.2 Hypothesis Testing
Data analysis was carried out using inferential statistics. Inferential
statistics for analyzing the influence of free variables on bound variables
both partially and simultaneously.

53
4.2.1 Data Instrument Test
a. Validity Test
In testing the validity of the research instrument, it was carried
out by entering the results of respondents' answers to each variable
into the calculation of the reliability analysis of the SPSS program.
Then the R value of the calculation result is compared with the r value
of pearson's Product Moment table in the 5% signification table in the
questionnaire validity test is said to be valid if r counts > r table.
(Singarimbun, 2006:137)
Table 4.8
Validity Test Results
No Variable Item r count r table Sig-2 information

X1.1 0,824 0,195 0,000 Valid
X1.2 0,658 0,195 0,000 Valid
1 Risk (X1)
X1.3 0,598 0,195 0,000 Valid
X1.4 0,828 0,195 0,000 Valid
X2.1 0,789 0,195 0,000 Valid
X2.2 0,729 0,195 0,000 Valid
2 Belief (X2)
X2.3 0,754 0,195 0,000 Valid
X2.4 0,539 0,195 0,000 Valid
Y1.1 0,831 0,195 0,000 Valid
3 Ease(Y) Y1.2 0,799 0,195 0,000 Valid
Y1.3 0,858 0,195 0,000 Valid
Judging from table 4.8 above it can be concluded that the
statement from the questionnaire of each item on the variable
indicators of Risk and Trust in Ease can be declared valid because

54
the value of person corellation > r table and the value of sig-2 tailed <
0.05 and such data can be continued.
b. Reliability Test
A questionnaire is declared reliable if the Cronbach Alpha value
is more than 0.600. Therofere reability shows the extent to which a
measuring device can be trusted or reliable. If a measuring device
can provide no different or relatively consistent results, then the tool is
reliable.
Table 4.9
Reliability Test Research Results
Variabel Cronbach’ Criterion information

s Alpha
Risk (X1) 0,687 > 0.600 Reliabel
Belief (X2) 0,655 > 0.600 Reliabel
Ease(Y) 0,774 > 0.600 Reliabel
From table 4.9 above, it can be concluded that the statement
from the questionnaire of each indicator is seen from the value of
Cronbach's Alpha risk variable (X1) of 0.687, the Trust variable (X 2) of
0.655 and the Ease(Y) bound variable of 0.774. Of the two free
variables and one bound variable can be declared reliable or
consistent over time because the Cronbach Alpha (α) values of all
variables in the Reliability Statistics table have a value of > 0.6.
4.2.2 Test of Classical Assumptions
a. Normality Test
55
There are two ways to determine whether the residuals follow a
normal distribution: logistic analysis and statistical analysis. In
addition to looking at the original P-plot curve, the first test can be
performed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. A valid statement in
this test is that the data is not distributed if the significance level is
<0.05. If the value is greater than 0.05, then the data is normally
distributed.
Figure 4.5
P-plot Normality Test Results
56
Seen in figure 4.5 known points spread around the diagonal line.
This means that the data has a normal distribution. However, the
result of this P-plot is very weak. so researchers used the
Kolmogorov Smirnov test to strengthen the test results of this study.
For more details, it can be seen in table 4.10 below:
Table 4.10
Normality test results-Kolmogorov Smirnov
One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test

Unstandardized Residual
N 100
Normal Parameters a,b
Mean ,0000000
Std. 1,46996957
Deviation
Most Extreme Differences Absolute ,062
Positive ,050
Negative -,062
Test Statistic ,062
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) ,200c,d
a. Test distribution is Normal.
b. Calculated from data.
c. Lilliefors Significance Correction.
d. This is a lower bound of the true significance.
In table 4.10 researchers can find out whether the distribution is
normal or not. 2-tailled) on the table kolmogorv smirnov is 0. 200. this
means that the data is normally distributed because it is 0. 200 >
0.05.
b. Multicollineiearity Test
In this study, the technique to detect the presence or absence of
multicholinearity in the regression model can be seen from the

57
tolerance value and Variance inflation factor (VIF), the tolerance
value of which is above 0.1 and the VIF value below 10 indicates that
there is no multicholinearity between the free variables.
Table 4.11
Multicholinearity Test Results
Variabel Tolerence VIF Keterangan

Risk 0,985 1,016 Tidak Terjadi
Multikolinearitas
Belief 0,985 1,016 Tidak Terjadi
Multikolinearitas
From table 4.11 above, the tolerence value of the Risk variable
(X1) is 0.985 > 0.1 and The Trust (X 2) is 0.985 > 0.1. While the Risk
VIF value (X1) is 1.016 < 10 and Trust (X2) is 1.016 < 10. From these
two variables, it can be concluded that all variables have a tolerance
value of > 0.1 and a VIF < 10, so the data does not occur
multicollinearity.
c. Heteroskedasticity Test
According to Ghozali (2016: 134), the heteroscedasticity test
aims to test whether there are deviations between variables from one
observation to another in the regression model. If the residual
variance from one observation to another is fixed, we are talking
about homoscedasticity, otherwise we are talking about
heteroscedasticity. A good regression model is a regression model
with or without equations.
Picture 4.6
Heteroskedasticity-Scatterplot Test Results
58
Seen in figure 4. 6 known points spread the X and Y axes and
those points do not form a pattern. This means that there is no
heteroskedasticity. However, the result of the scatterplot is very weak.
So researchers used the Glejser test to strengthen the test results of
this study. For more details, please see table 4.12 below:
Table 4.12
Glejser Test Results
Coefficientsa
Standardiz
ed
Unstandardized Coefficient
Coefficients s
Std.
Model B Error Beta T Sig.
1 (Constant) 1,907 ,867 2,200 ,030
Risiko -,022 ,042 -,055 -,537 ,592
Kepercaya -,030 ,045 -,069 -,681 ,497
an
a. Dependent Variable: ABS_RES
59
Viewed in table 4.12 it is known to Sig. risk variables (X1) of
0.592 > 0.05 and Trust (X2) of 0.497 > 0.05. So it can be concluded
that the data did not occur heteroskedasticity because the value of
sig.> 0.05.
4.2.3 Multiple Linear Regression Analysis Test
Multiple linear regression analysis is a method of analysis used to
determine the predictive accuracy of the influence that occurs between
independent variables (X) on dependent variables (Y).
Table 4.13
Multiple Linear Regression Test Results
Standardiz
Unstandardized ed
Coefficients Coefficients
Model B Std. Error Beta T Sig.
1 (Constant) 2,204 1,342 1,643 ,104
Risiko ,136 ,064 ,173 2,114 ,037
Kepercaya ,467 ,069 ,553 6,754 ,000
an
t tabel : 1,984
F tabel : 3,09
F hitung : 27,224
R Square : 0,360
Therefore, from table 4.13, the following results are obtained:
Y = 2,204 + 0,136x1 + 0,467x2
1) Constant (a) = 2.204 This means that if the variables Risk (X1), and
Trust (X2) do not affect Ease(Y) then Ease will be valued at 2.204 or
in other words if the independent value is zero then The Ease will be
worth 2.204.
2) Risk Coefficient (X1) of 0.136 This means that an increase in the Risk
variable (X1) will increase to the Ease (Y) variable by 0.136.

60
3) The Coefficient of Trust (X2) of 0.467 This means that an increase in
the Trust variable (X2) will increase the Ease(Y) variable by 0.467.
4.2.3.1 Hypothesis Test
To find out the significance of the hypothesis in this study, it is
necessary to conduct several tests as follows:
1. T test (Partial)
The creteria of decision-making is as follows:
a) Ho is accepted when counting ≤ t table, meaning that there is
no influence between the free variables on the bound variables.
b) Ho is rejected if t counts > t table, meaning that there is an
influence between the free variables on the bound variables.
Using the data processing in table 4.13 can be described as
follows:
1. Variable Risk (X1)
The t Count value of Risk is 2.114 > tof table 1.984 or the
significant level of Risk is 0.037 < a significant level of α =
0.05, which means H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted. So it
can be concluded that the Risk variable (X1) has a significant
effect on Ease (Y).
2. Trust Variables (X2)
The t count trust is 6.754 > ttable 1.984 or the significant level of
trust is 0.000 < a significant rate of α = 0.05, which means H 0
is rejected and H2 is accepted. So it can be concluded that
the Trust variable (X2) has a significant effect on Ease (Y).
2. F Test (Simultaneous)
61
The F test test is carried out by comparing the significance value of
F with the significance of 5%, namely:
a) If the Significance value of t < 0.05 then reject and accept,
meaning that together between two or more variables has a
significant influence on the bound variable.
b) If the significance value of t > 0.05 then accepting and rejecting
means that together between two or more variables has an
insignificant influence on the bound variable.
Using the data processing in table 4.13 can be described as follows:
Can elaborated that Fcount is 27.224 > Fof the table is 3.09, which
means H0 is rejected and H3 is accepted. So it can be concluded that
the influence of the variables Risk (X1) and Trust (X2) has a
significant effect on Ease (Y).
3. Determinant Coefficient (Adjusted R2)
Values that are close to one dependent variable provide almost
all the information needed to predict a dependent variable.
Table 4.13 Adjusted R Square (R2) is 0.360 In other words, the
model or variable X used in this study is able to explain or explain the
actual condition by both the variables Risk (X1), and Trust (X2) of
0.360 or 36%
In conclusion, the magnitude of the contribution of the Risk (X1),
and Trust (X2) variables to the Ease(Y) variable was 36% and the
rest was influenced by other factors by 64%. Another factor in
question is the unexplored factor on this variable.

62
4.3 Discussion
In this study it was found out on item X1.1 The product I bought did
not work properly, X1.2 The product I bought was not balanced with the
price, X1.3 The product I bought, had a high risk, and X1.4 The product I
bought was not as expected by me. With the highest average value on
item X1.1 and the lowest average on item X1.3.
From the results of the t test, it is known that the risk variable has a
significant effect on the variable ease of transacting via tokopedia mutual
funds. This means that risk is very often experienced by consumers who
make online transactions. However, losses from sellers also exist, so in
this case between buyers and sellers are equally benefited and also
equally disadvantaged in transactions via tokopedia mutual funds.
Some risks that must be understood also in traveling online such as
the time lag between payment and delivery of products. Secondly, we can
not try the goods we ordered before buying them. Third, we cannot check
the items we ordered earlier, whether there is damage or not.
Nanik Kustiningsih (2022) provides funding for this study, which is in
line with the theory of Menurut Hanafi (2006:1) A risk is a threat, outcome,
or outcome that can occur as a result of an ongoing process or an
upcoming event.Risk can be understood as a state of uncertainty in which
a negative outcome can result in a loss.In this study, it is established that I
purchased the item with seriousness, that I was able to purchase it on a
loyal Jaya motorcycle, that I was certain before purchasing the product,
and that I was willing to purchase the product.with item X2.2 receiving the
highest average value and item X2.4 receiving the lowest average.
63
The t test shows that the trust variable has a significant impact on
the ease of transacting via tokopedia joint account variable.A consumer’s
trust will, in essence, provide support for the efforts made to obtain
everything desired in relation to the purchase decision that needs to be
made.It is highly unlikely that online media transactions will take place
unless consumers have complete faith in the company.When a consumer
decides to shop online or buy a product online through the online
shopping system, there must be uncertainty regarding the likelihood of a
risk.
According to menurut Maharani’s (2010) theory, trust is one
party’s belief in the other party’s reliability, durability, and integrity, as well
as the belief that his actions are in the best interests and will produce
positive results for the trusted party. Cynthia L. Corritore (2005) provided
support for this research.According to the findings of the F test, the
influence of the Risk (X1) and Trust (X2) variables has a significant impact
on the Ease (Y). The contribution of the Risk (X1) and Trust (X2) variables
to the Ease (Y) variable is 36 percent, while the remaining 64 percent are
influenced by other factors.The factor that was investigated in relation to
this variable is yet another factor in question.Misbah NOREEN,
Zahiruddin GHAZALI, and Md. Shahin MIA provided funding for this study
(2021).The trust you have is impacted by low levels of risk.so that
researchers can conduct transactions using a joint account more easily.

CHAPTER V
CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
5.1 Research Conclusions
It is possible to draw the conclusion that the study titled “The Effect of
Risk Analysis and Trust on the Ease of Transactions Via Tokopedia Joint
Account (Case Study of MSME Setia Jaya Motor)” was significantly influenced by
the formulation of the problem, the hypotheses, and the findings of the
research.The following conclusions can be drawn from the tests and data that
were collected using the multiple linear regression method:
1) The results of testing the research hypothesis indicate that there is a
partial and significant relationship between the risks and the ease of Tokopedia
Joint Account transactions.As a result, customers will find it easier to make
purchases on Tokopedia if there is less risk involved.The value in the test t
results, which indicates that 2.114 > ttable 1.984 or the significant level of risk is
0.037, or 0.05, is evidence of this.so that the H1 hypothesis, which states that
“The Effect of Risk on the Ease of Transactions Via Tokopedia Joint Account” is
accepted based on the assumptions of the previous hypothesis, can be stated to
be true.
2) The testing of the research hypothesis revealed that trust in the ease of
transactions via Tokopedia joint account has a small but significant impact.The
value in the test t results, which indicates that 6,754 > ttable 1,984 or the
significant level of trust is 0.000, a significant level of = 0.05, indicates that the
greater the level of consumer confidence, the greater the purchase.so that it can
be stated that the assumptions of the previous hypothesis support the H2
9
65
hypothesis, which states, “The Influence of trust on the Ease of Transactions Via
Tokopedia Joint Account.”
3) The testing of the research hypothesis revealed that the ease of
transactions through a Tokopedia joint account has a significant impact on both
trust and risk simultaneously.The value in the F Test results, which show that
27.224 > Ftable is 3.09, indicates that the greater the level of consumer
confidence, the greater the purchase.so that the H3 hypothesis, which states that
“The influence of risk and trust on the Ease of Transactions Via Tokopedia Joint
Account” is accepted on the basis of the assumptions of the previous hypothesis,
can be stated to be true.
5.2 Suggestion
Based on the results of previous studies, the author realizes that
there are still many limitations and errors that exist in this study. However,
with this research, it is hoped that it can provide a useful contribution.
1) For MSMEs, Setia Jaya Motor hopes that this research can provide input
and policies with an effort to attract consumers' convenience in
transacting via Tokopedia joint account.
2) For academics to expand research by considering other variables that
affect the ease of transactions via tokopedia joint account.
3) For subsequent researchers, it is hoped that in the future it can be used
as a source of data and a reference for research and further research
based on more complete and broader information.
4) From the conclusions, researchers hope that the results of the
conclusions can be understood and understood regarding the ease of
transactions via mutual funds, which is seen from the level of risk and
66
trust has a significant effect on convenience. So that for researchers, the
results of this research will be accepted by the public that transacting via
mutual funds makes it easier for the public because of the low level of
risk and guaranteed trust.

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Usefulness And Perceived Ease Of Use Towards Purchase Decision In
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67
APPENDIX 1 QUESTIONNAIRE
RESEARCH QUESTIONNAIRE
Identity of Respondents
1. Name :...................................................
2. Gender : Man Women
3. Age : 15-20 thn 21-25 thn
26-30 thn > 30 thn
4. Job : Students Student lecture
Official Private Employess
Entreprenual
5. Income : 1.000.000 - 2.000.000
: 2.100.000 - 3.000.000
: 3.100.000 - 4.000.000
: 4.100.000 - 5.000.000
Charging Instructions:
Please read carefully and carefully for each of the following statements and
put a check list (√) in the fields provided.
Information:
1. SS: Strongly Agree

2. S: Agree
3. N: Neutral
4. TS: Disagree
5. STS: Strongly Disagree
68
69
I. Risk Questionnaire
No Statement STS TS N S SS
1 2 3 4 5
The product I bought did not
1
work well.
The product I bought is not
2
balanced with the price.
The product I bought, has a high
3
risk.
The products I bought were not
4
in my expectations.
II. Trust Questionnaire

1 2 3 4 5
1 I bought the product earnestly.
I can afford to buy products on
2
setia jaya motorbikes.
I am sure before buying the
3
product.
4 I am willing in buying products.
III. Ease Questionnaire

1 2 3 4 5
Tokopedia makes it easy for me
1
to order.
Tokopedia makes it easier for me
2
to get the desired items.
Tokopedia is very easy to
3
operate.
70
LAMPIRAN 2 SPSS
Correlations
x1.1 x1.2 x1.3 x1.4 Risiko
x1.1 Pearson Correlation 1 ,316**
,169 ,991
**
,824**
Sig. (2-tailed) ,001 ,092 ,000 ,000
N 100 100 100 100 100
x1.2 Pearson Correlation ,316**
1 ,271
**
,321
**
,658**
Sig. (2-tailed) ,001 ,006 ,001 ,000
N 100 100 100 100 100
x1.3 Pearson Correlation ,169 ,271** 1 ,175 ,598**
Sig. (2-tailed) ,092 ,006 ,081 ,000
N 100 100 100 100 100
x1.4 Pearson Correlation ,991**
,321**
,175 1 ,828**
Sig. (2-tailed) ,000 ,001 ,081 ,000
N 100 100 100 100 100
Risiko Pearson Correlation ,824**
,658**
,598
**
,828
**
1
Sig. (2-tailed) ,000 ,000 ,000 ,000
N 100 100 100 100 100
**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).
Reliability Statistics
Cronbach's
Alpha N of Items
,687 4
Correlations
y1.1 y1.2 y1.3 Kemudahan
y1.1 Pearson Correlation 1 ,484 **
,583
**
,831**
Sig. (2-tailed) ,000 ,000 ,000
N 100 100 100 100
y1.2 Pearson Correlation ,484 **
1 ,530
**
,799**
Sig. (2-tailed) ,000 ,000 ,000
N 100 100 100 100
y1.3 Pearson Correlation ,583** ,530** 1 ,858**
Sig. (2-tailed) ,000 ,000 ,000
N 100 100 100 100
71
Kemudahan Pearson Correlation ,831** ,799** ,858** 1

Sig. (2-tailed) ,000 ,000 ,000
N 100 100 100 100
**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).
Reliability Statistics
Cronbach's
Alpha N of Items
,774 3
Model Summaryb
Adjusted R Std. Error of the
Model R R Square Square Estimate Durbin-Watson
1 ,600a ,360 ,346 1,48505 1,412
a. Predictors: (Constant), Kepercayaan, Risiko
b. Dependent Variable: Kemudahan
ANOVAa
Model Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
1 Regression 120,080 2 60,040 27,224 ,000b
Residual 213,920 97 2,205
Total 334,000 99
a. Dependent Variable: Kemudahan
b. Predictors: (Constant), Kepercayaan, Risiko
Coefficientsa
Standardized
Unstandardized Coefficients Coefficients Collinearity Statistics
Model B Std. Error Beta t Sig. Tolerance VIF
1 (Constant) 2,204 1,342 1,643 ,104
Risiko ,136 ,064 ,173 2,114 ,037 ,985 1,016
Kepercayaan ,467 ,069 ,553 6,754 ,000 ,985 1,016
a. Dependent Variable: Kemudahan
72
73
One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test

Unstandardized
Residual
N 100
Normal Parameters a,b
Mean ,0000000
Std. Deviation 1,46996957
Most Extreme Differences Absolute ,062
Positive ,050
Negative -,062
Test Statistic ,062
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) ,200c,d
a. Test distribution is Normal.
b. Calculated from data.
c. Lilliefors Significance Correction.
d. This is a lower bound of the true significance.
74
Coefficientsa
Standardized
Unstandardized Coefficients Coefficients
Model B Std. Error Beta t Sig.
1 (Constant) 1,907 ,867 2,200 ,030
Risiko -,022 ,042 -,055 -,537 ,592
Kepercayaan -,030 ,045 -,069 -,681 ,497
a. Dependent Variable: ABS_RES

Revisi Skripsi Abdur - B Ing

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Revisi Skripsi Abdur - B Ing

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THE EFFECT OF RISK ANALYSIS AND TRUST ON THE

EASE OF TRANSACTIONS VIA TOKOPEDIA JOINT

Presented As A Fulfillment Of Bachelor's Degree Requirements

INTERNATIONAL PROGRAM MANAGEMENT

Table 1 LIBRARY SOURCES…………….…………………………………………18

Aldo Firmansyah Abdurrahman

Aldo Firmansyah Abdurrahman

faculty of Economics and Business

Nugroho Suryo Bintoro S.E.,M.Ec.,Dev.

1.1 Background to the Problem

The world was shocked when a new virus known as Coronavirus

case occurring in Wuhan Huabei Province in late December 2019.The World

Health Organization (WHO) declared Covid-19 a Global Health of

International Concern (PHEIC) emergency on January 30, 2020, citing the

international response.The World Health Organization (WHO) declared

Covid-19’s most recent status as a pandemic on March 11, 2020,

political (Susilo, A. Et al., 2020).

to close, and some nations are self-quarantining and restricting social

activities by maintaining physical distance between individuals.In a similar

vein, some access roads have begun to close as well.Therefore, shopping

online is also an option.carried out by a number of businesses also has an

effect on Indonesians’ interest in online shopping trends.A shopping

application that sells a variety of everyday necessities and a separate

As one of the e-commerce platforms, TokopediaPeople who have used

When compared to opening an offline store, which requires more capital

online marketplaces that provides great business opportunities to every

business person who wants to easily create or open an online store.Even if

on the market.because any and all of Tokopedia’s basic services can be

Tokopedia.com is a major Indonesian online retailer.Tokopedia.com was

a better Indonesia.Tokopedia.com was created as a way for businesses to

advertise or market their products in online media.Tokopedia.com, on the

other hand, must be prepared to compete with formidable rivals operating in

the same industry like Lazada.com, Kaskus, BukaLapak, and others.As a

users in visiting the Tokopedia.com website.

Risk is one of the reasons customers choose to buy online.There are

payment and product delivery.Second, we are unable to test the ordered

items prior to purchasing them.Thirdly, we are unable to determine whether

the earlier-ordered items have been damaged.However, there is some trust

consumers’ intentions to make a purchase through the online media of

Tokopedia.According to Disa and Kesuma (2017), one of the most important

factors in online buying and selling is consumer confidence in e-commerce.A

business.This trust must be built from the ground up and can be

demonstrated, in addition to being recognized by other parties or business

unless consumers have complete faith in the company.When a consumer

system, there must be uncertainty regarding the likelihood of a risk.Since

electronics trading (Sonja & Ewald, 2003).This causes customers to renege

are feared to be lost on the road.The convenience factor is a significant

influence on the subsequent online purchase.When it comes to using the

technology, ease refers to it not being difficult or requiring a lot of effort.All

connected to the internet.However, in reality, the steps provided by e-

commerce businesses are not as straightforward as claimed, requiring

customers to go through a longer sequence of steps than if they purchased

Tokopedia marketplace platform was established at that time in response to

many individuals and owners of 70 businesses wanted to try online business,

obstacle.The problem can be solved by the market thanks to this

loophole.The second issue, on the other hand, is how to structure things so

that free-to-use digital marketplaces like Tokopedia can continue to

thrive.The second issue was that Tokopedia continued to investigate the

to independently seek investor bailout for as many fund investments as

possible.Tempo (summary:The most challenging aspect of developing

Tokopedia is gaining the trust of other parties in order to encourage them to

invest their money in the platform.

(https://tekno.tempo.com/read/672019/)Tokopedia was finally able to