Global Community

• GLOBAL COMMUNICATION IN ITS SIMPLEST TERMS INVOLVES

COMMUNICATION EITHER IN BETWEEN TWO PERSONS OR GROUPS
ALL OVER THE WORLD.
• THIS GLOBAL COMMUNICATION IS ACHIEVED IN THE ADVENT OF
TECHNOLOGY.
 HISTORY OF COMMUNICATION
• Humans communicate in various ways. They have been writing to each other
since the fourth millennium BCE, when one of the earliest writing systems,
cuneiform, was developed in Mesopotamia.
cuneiform, system
papyrus, writing
of writing used in
material of ancient
the ancient Middle
times and also
East. The name, a
the plant from which it
coinage from Latin
was derived, Cyperus
and Middle French
papyrus (family
roots meaning “wedge-
Cyperaceae), also called
shaped,” has been the
paper plant.
modern designation fr
om the early 18th
century onward.
Cuneiform was the
most widespread and
historically significant
writing system in the
ancient Middle East.
PRINTING PRESS
• Johannes Gutenberg, in full Johann Gensfleisch zur Laden
zum Gutenberg, (born 14th century, Mainz [Germany]—died
probably February 3, 1468, Mainz), German craftsman and inventor
who originated a method of printing from movable type.
Koenig and Bauer’s Steam Powered Printing Press

The industrial printing press was one

of the most influential inventions of
the Age of Revolution. It allowed
thousands of copies of all types of
written texts and images to be printed
quickly and cheaply. Pamphlets,
newspapers, handbills and books
could now be mass produced and
distributed, spreading news, ideas,
political and social campaigns,
propaganda, stories, poetry and more.
 ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH

Samuel Morse sent the first message from an electrical telegraph in 1844,
from Washington, DC, to Baltimore. His message: “What hath God
wrought?”
TRANSATLANTIC
• Definition of transatlantic
• 1a: crossing or extending across the Atlantic
Oceana transatlantic cable
• b: relating to or involving crossing the Atlantic
Oceantransatlantic airfares
• 2a: situated or originating from beyond the Atlantic Ocean
• b: of, relating to, or involving countries on both sides of the
Atlantic Ocean and especially the U.S. and Great
Britaintransatlantic cooperation
 FIRST TRANSATLANTIC TELEGRAM

Queen Victoria Telegraphs James Buchanan, a Transatlantic First

The first transatlantic telegram was sent fourteen years after Samuel Morse sent the first
telegram. In 1858, Queen Victoria sent the first transatlantic telegram to President James
Buchanan

QUEEN VICTORIA PRES. JAMES BUCHANAN

On March 7, 1876, 29-year-old Alexander Graham
Bell receives a patent for his revolutionary new
invention: THE TELEPHONE.
• The First Telephone Call
March 10, 1876
What were the first words ever
spoken on the telephone? They
were spoken by Alexander
Graham Bell, inventor of the
telephone, when he made the
first call on March 10, 1876, to
his assistant, Thomas Watson:
"Mr. Watson--come here--I
want to see you." What would
you have said?
 FIRST TRANSATLANTIC TELEPHONE CALL

Walter
Sherman Gifford (January
10, 1885 – May 7, 1966) was
best known as the president
of the AT&T Corporation from
1925 to 1948
 Italian inventor Guglielmo Marconi
received a U.S. patent for radio
technology in 1904, three years after
he claimed to have sent the first
transatlantic radio signal. Radio was
the first technology that could
instantaneously communicate to a
mass audience.

• "Guglielmo Marconi, 'Father of the

Wireless' at the switchboard in his
radioroom aboard his famous
experimental yacht 'Elettra.'" June 22,
1922. Evening Public
Ledger (Philadelphia, PA), Image 15.
Chronicling America: Historic
American Newspapers.
 World's First Radio Message
• On 13 May 1897, Guglielmo Marconi sent the world's first radio
message across water from Lavernock Point on the South
Wales coast (overlooking the Bristol Channel) to Flat Holm
island 3 miles (4.8km) away.
FIRST TELEVISION
• Electronic television was first successfully demonstrated in San
Francisco on Sept. 7, 1927. The system was designed by Philo
Taylor Farnsworth, a 21-year-old inventor who had lived in a
house without electricity until he was 14.
FIRST INTERNATIONAL TV BROADCAST
• Broadcasting across the Atlantic
was made possible by
the Telstar 1 telecommunications
satellite, launched into space on
July 10, 1962, aboard
a Delta rocket. The spacecraft
was the result of an international
collaboration between
the American Telephone and
Telegraph Company (AT&T), Bell
Labs, NASA, the General Post
Office of Great Britain and
the Minister of Posts and
Telegraphs of France.
• On 26 June 1967, from 5:00 AM (AEST), the world's first global live
television programme was broadcast. Titled, "Our World", it was
viewed live in 31 countries with an estimated audience of 400 million.
Broadcasters from 14 countries were involved. Initially, 19 countries
were to be involved, but the Soviet Union and several Eastern block
countries, pulled out shortly before the broadcast in protest over the
Western response to the six-day war.
• First programmable computer
• The Z1 was created by German Konrad Zuse in his
parents' living room between 1936 and 1938. It is
considered to be the first
electromechanical binary programmable computer and
the first functional modern computer.
• A Turing machine is a machine proposed by the Alan
Turing in 1936 that became the foundation for theories
about computing and computers. The machine was a
device that printed symbols on paper tape in a manner
that emulated a person following logical instructions.
• The IBM 5100 is the first portable computer, which
was released in September 1975. The computer
weighed 55-pounds and had a five-
inch CRT display, tape drive, 1.9 MHz PALM processor,
and 64 KB of RAM. In the picture is an ad of the IBM
5100 taken from a November 1975 issue of Scientific
American.
When was the first cell phone invented?
• The first portable cell phone was invented in 1973 by
Motorola. On April 3, 1973, Motorola engineer Martin
Cooper made the first-ever cell phone call on the DynaTAC
8000X. The prototype he used weighed 2.4 lb (1.1 kg) and
measured 9.1 x 5.1 x 1.8 in (23 x 13 x 4.5 cm). This clunky
device offered a talk time of just 30 minutes and required 10
hours to recharge. Before this, the closest that one could get
to not being tied to a landline was owning a car phone.
FIRST INTERNET
• In 1962, MIT computer scientist J.C.R. Licklider comes up with the idea for a global computer network.
He later shares his idea with colleagues at the U.S. Department of Defense Advanced Research
Projects Agency (ARPA). Work by Leonard Kleinrock, Thomas Merrill and Lawrence G. Roberts
on packet-switching theory pioneers the way to the world’s first wide-area computer network. Roberts
later goes on to publish a plan for the ARPANET, an ARPA-funded computer network that becomes a
reality in 1969. Over the following years, the ARPANET grows.
• Tim Berners-Lee and his colleagues at CERN develop hypertext markup language (HTML) and the
uniform resource locator (URL), giving birth to the first incarnation of the World Wide Web. A
watershed year for the internet comes in 1995: Microsoft launches Windows 95; Amazon, Yahoo and
eBay all launch; Internet Explorer launches; and Java is created, allowing for animation on websites and
creating a new flurry of internet activity. In 1996, Congress passes the Communications Decency Act
in an effort to combat the growing amount of objectionable material on the internet. John Perry
Barlow responds with an essay, A Declaration of the Independence of Cyberspace. Google is founded
in 1998. In 1999, the music and video piracy controversy intensifies with the launch of Napster. The
first internet virus capable of copying and sending itself to a user’s address book is discovered in 1999.
 FIRST TEXT MESSAGE
• In 1992, Neil Papworth, a 22-year-old software programmer from the UK,
sent the first ever text message from a computer to his colleague Richard
Jarvis.
• Neil had been working as a developer and test engineer to create a Short
Message Service (SMS) for his client, Vodafone. That very first text, sent on
the 3rd December 1992, simply said, “Merry Christmas.”

IBM SIMON 1992 STARTAC 1996

CLASSMATES 1995 SIXDEGREES 1997 RYZE 2001 FRIENDSTER 2002

LINKEDIN MAY 2003 HI5 JUNE 2003 MYSPACE AUGUST 2003 ORKUT JANUARY 2004
FACEBOOK FEBRUARY 2004 YAHOO 360 DEGREE 2005 BEBO JULY 2005

GOOGLE+ JULY 2011

REFERENCES/SOURCES
• https://www.britannica.com/topic/cuneiform
• https://www.thoughtco.com/the-history-of-the-electric-telegraph-and-telegraphy-1992542
• https://world101.cfr.org/global-era-issues/globalization/two-hundred-years-global-
communications?fbclid=IwAR2SQVue0GMFamWRa8aRAnFmJPHvAglXezWl0wHpDY9jqEo1W_GmMSTjhuE
• https://ageofrevolution.org/200-object/koenigs-steam-powered-printing-press/
• https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/transatlantic
• https://guides.loc.gov/chronicling-america-guglielmo-marconi
• https://www.wired.co.uk/article/transatlantic-cables#:~:text=On%20August%2016%2C%201858%2C%20the,and%20good%20will%20toward%20men%22.
• https://www.history.com/news/first-transatlantic-telegraph-cable
• https://www.americaslibrary.gov/jb/recon/jb_recon_telephone_1_e.html
• https://pioneerinstitute.org/opeds/guglielmo-marconi-and-the-importance-of-innovation-and-choice-in-education/
• http://projectbritain.com/calendar/March/marconi.html
• https://www.parkes.atnf.csiro.au/people/sar049/our_world/#:~:text=Introduction,from%2014%20countries%20were%20involved.
• https://versus.com/en/news/cell-phone-history
• https://www.scienceandmediamuseum.org.uk/objects-and-stories/short-history-internet
• https://www.computerhope.com/issues/ch000984.htm
• https://online.jefferson.edu/business/internet-history-timeline/
• https://www.vodafone.com/news/technology/25-anniversary-text-message
• https://www.cbsnews.com/pictures/then-and-now-a-history-of-social-networking-sites/