ANALOG

ELECTRONICS
GR OUP 4
 CONTENTS

I NT RODUCT I ON

EXAMPLE

ADVANTAGE

DI S ADVANT AG E

ANALOG CI RC UI T

ANALOG SI G N AL

ANALOG VS DI G I TAL
 Introduction

The world of electronics is all about

electrical circuits, electronic
components, and interconnected
technologies. All these elements can be
primarily categorized as digital, analog,
or a combination of both.

Analog means continuous and real. The

world we live in is analog in nature,
implying that it’s full of infinite
possibilities.
 Analog means continuous and
real. The world we live in is analog
in nature, implying that it’s full of
infinite possibilities.

It’s widely used in radio and audio

equipment along with other
applications where signals are derived
from analog sensors before being
converted into digital signals for
subsequent storage and processing.
Examples
Examples
Advantages
It is Easier in processing.
Analog Signals are best fitted to audio and video transmission.
It has a coffee cost and is portable.
It posses higher density.
Not necessary in Analog Signals to shop for a replacement graphics
board.
It Uses less bandwidth than digital sounds.
It Provide more accurate representation of a sound.
It is the natural sort of a sound.
It has Less bandwidth.
Binary digits 0 and 1 represent the optical pulse for storing,
processing and transmitting information.
Disadvantages
 Analog Circuit
a complex combination of op amps, resistors, caps, and other
basic electronic components

circuits can attenuate, amplify, isolate, modify, distort the signal, or even
convert the original one into a digital signal.

TYPES OF ANALOG CIRCUIT

ACTIVE ANALOG CIRCUITS- AN ELECTRONIC COMPONENT WHICH SUPPLIES ENERGY TO A CIRCUIT.
-HAVE THE ABILITY TO ELECTRICALLY CONTROL ELECTRON FLOW.

PASSIVE ANALOG CIRCUITS - AN ELECTRICAL COMPONENT THAT DOES NOT GENERATE

POWER, BUT INSTEAD DISSIPATES, STORES, AND/OR RELEASES IT.
 BASIS ACTIVE COMPONENTS PASSIVE COMPONENT

Active components deliver power or energy to Passive elements utilizes power or energy from
Nature of source
the circuit. the circuit.

Diodes, Transistors, SCR, Integrated circuits

Examples Resistor, Capacitor, Inductor etc.
etc.

Function of the Devices which produce energy in the form of Devices which stores energy in the form of voltage
component voltage or current. or current.

Power Gain They are capable of providing power gain. They are incapable of providing power gain.

Passive components cannot control the flow of

Flow of current Active components can control the flow of current.
the current.

Requirement of They require an external source for the They do not require any external source for the
external source operations. operations.

Nature of energy Active components are energy donor. Passive components are energy acceptor.
Computation for analog circuit
Analog signal
An analog signal is any continuous signal representing some other
quantity, i.e., analogous to another quantity. For example, in an analog
audio signal, the instantaneous signal voltage varies continuously with
the pressure of the sound waves.

processed by specially designed devices, circuits, or systems to

extract parametric information or to alter the characteristics of the
input signal in some prescribed way.
 The term analog signal usually refers to electrical signals; however,
mechanical, pneumatic, hydraulic, and other systems may also convey or
be considered analog signals.

The active filter - is probably the most common analog signal processor
in use today.

Spectral shaping - is probably the most common form of analog signal

processing and is typically done with either passive (containing
resistors, capacitors, and inductors) or active [containing resistors,
capacitors, and operational amplifiers (op amps)] analog filters.
 The 3 characteristics of Analog Signal

1. Amplitude - the height of a wave from the midpoint between the

top and bottom of the waveform.
- denoted as V (voltage)

2. Frequency - number of complete cycles per second in

the wave and one cycle per second equals to one Hz(
Hertz)
3. Wavelength - is the distance between two
successive peaks in a waveform.
Analog Vs Digital
Analog and digital signals are used to transmit information, usually through
electric signals. In both these technologies, the information, such as any
audio or video, is transformed into electric signals.

Analog technology- information is translated into electric pulses of

varying amplitude.
-not only signifies the measuring instruments but it signifies
everything that is not digital.
Digital technology-translation of information is into binary format (zero or
one) where each bit is representative of two distinct amplitudes.

-waves or signals are sampled at intervals and then converted into

numbers before being stored in a digital device.