File For Screw

Republic of the Philippines
CAPIZ STATE UNIVERSITY

Fuentes Drive, Roxas City, Capiz, Philippines
Tel. No. (036) 6214-578 fax No. (036) 6214-578
website: www.capsu.edu.ph email address: roxas@capsu.edu.ph
SCREW
A design presented for the subject
ME 413 (Machine Design I)
Designed by:
JERSON D. AMONGO
MARK ANTHONY F. BALTERO
ASHLEY C. ZUNIEGA
BSME-4B
ENGR. JAIRUS VINCENT PAUL C. SINSON

Course Facilitator
July 29, 2022
Accredited: Accrediting Agency of Chartered Colleges and Universities of the Philippines (AACCUP)
Member: Philippine Association of State Universities and Colleges (PASUC)
Agricultural Colleges Association of the Philippines (ACAP)
Tel. No. (036) 6214-578 fax No. (036) 6214-578
LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL
July 29, 2022
Engr. Jairus Vincent Paul C. Sinson, MEng, LPT, MAT

Course Facilitator
Capiz State University
College of Engineering, Architecture, and Technology
Main Campus, Roxas City
Sir:
In compliance with the requirement of the subject ME-413 Machine Design I, this
Design of Shaft is hereby presented.
May this design and its presentation meets the standard of your approval.
Very respectfully yours,
JERSON D. AMONGO
MARK ANTHONY F. BALTERO
ASHLEY C. ZUNIEGA
BSME 4B
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APPROVAL SHEET
In partial fulfillment of the requirements of the subject “Machine Design II”, this Design
of SCREW, submitted by JUAN DELA CRUZ, BSME 4B, a student of this institution is
hereby accepted and approved.
Approved by:
ENGR. JAIRUS VINCENT PAUL C. SINSON, MEng. LPT, MAT

Course Facilitator
Date: ___________________
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INTRODUCTION
A screw is a mechanism that converts rotational motion to linear motion, and a torque (rotational
force) to a linear force. It is one of the six classical simple machines. The most common form
consists of a cylindrical shaft with helical grooves or ridges called threads around the
outside. The screw passes through a hole in another object or medium, with threads on the inside
of the hole that mesh with the screw's threads. When the shaft of the screw is rotated relative to
the stationary threads, the screw moves along its axis relative to the medium surrounding it; for
example rotating a wood screw forces it into wood. In screw mechanisms, either the screw shaft
can rotate through a threaded hole in a stationary object, or a threaded collar such as a nut can
rotate around a stationary screw shaft. Geometrically, a screw can be viewed as a
narrow inclined plane wrapped around a cylinder.
Like the other simple machines a screw can amplify force; a small rotational force (torque) on
the shaft can exert a large axial force on a load. The smaller the pitch (the distance between the
screw's threads), the greater the mechanical advantage (the ratio of output to input force). Screws
are widely used in threaded fasteners to hold objects together, and in devices such as screw
tops for containers, vises, screw jacks and screw presses.
Other mechanisms that use the same principle, also called screws, don't necessarily have a shaft
or threads. For example, a corkscrew is a helix-shaped rod with a sharp point, and
an Archimedes' screw is a water pump that uses a rotating helical chamber to move water uphill.
The common principle of all screws is that a rotating helix can cause linear motion.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The completion of this requirement was not made possible without the support and help
of the concerned people who happened to give some of their time, advises and knowledge. To
the instructors and persons who have shared what they got and to those who contributed their
ideas and effort, the designers would like to extend thankful appreciation for helping and
bringing this requirement into accomplishment.
Furthermore, this will not be made possible without the ever-patient instructor for this
subject, Engr. Jairus Vincent Paul C. Sinson, with his fruitful advises and suggestions, paired
with his encouragements to study harder and to be a responsible student, and for all his concerns,
the designers would like to express sincere gratitude.
Your support is very much appreciated. Thank you and May God bless us all!
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Letter of Transmittal xx
Approval Sheet xx
Introduction xx
Acknowledgement xx
Statement of the Problem xx
Complete Sketch of Assembly xx
Design Computation xx
Specification of the Design xx
Bill of Materials xx
Bibliography xx
Statement of the Problem
A 30,000-lb. body is to be mounted on a shaker (vibrator). The shaker will exert a harmonic force of F =
30, 000sin 2πtf lb, on the body where f is the frequency and t sec. is the time. The frequency can be
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varied from 5 to 10,000 cps. The harmonic force will exert a tensile load on the bolts that attach the
body to the shaker when F is positive. Determine the minimum number of ½-in.-UNF bolts that must be
used for N = 2 based on Soderberg line. The material of the bolts is to be AISI 8630, WQT 1100 o F; the
material of the body that is to be vibrated is aluminum alloy, 2014-T6 and the joint is not to open for an
external force that is 1.25 times the maximum force exerted by the shaker. It may be assumed that the
equivalent diameter of the material in compression is twice the bolt diameter.
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Figure based on the problem (Not to Scale)
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GIVEN:
F= 30,000 lb
Harmonic Force = 30,000sin2πtf lb
f = frequency = 5 to 10,000 cps or Hz
t = time in seconds
N= 2 base on soderberg line
material of the bolts is to be AISI 8630, WQT 1100 o F
material of the body that is to be vibrated is aluminum alloy, 2014-T6
REQUIRED:
Determine the minimum number of ½-in.-UNF bolts that must be used for N = 2 based
on Soderberg line
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Design Computation
Design basis and assumptions: Where

N = Factor of Safety
SOLUTIONS:
Se = Equivalent Stress
F e =0 Ses = Equivalent Stress in Shear
m¿
Sn = Endurance Strength
F emax =30,000lb (external load)
Sns = Endurance Strength in Shear
Minimum initial tightening load( F i), Sm = Mean Stress
Sms = Mean Stress in Shear
From DOME by Faires (p.166)
Kf = Fatigue Strength Reduction Factor
F i= Q Fe ( kc
kb + K c ) EQ (5.3) Kfs = Fatigue Strength Reduction Factor in
Shear
Sa = Stress
A b Eb
Q = 1.25, kb= ,
Lb Sbs = Alternating Component of the Total Stress
F i=minimum initial tightening load
AC EC A b Eb
k C= k b=
LC Lb F e =external load
π
A= D2 , Eb =30 ×10 psⅈ ,
6
4
Lb= L
π π π 3π 2
AC = D2e − D2 De = 2D AC = ( 2 D ) 2 − D =3 A b
4 4 4 4
A b Eb A (30 ×106 )
EC = 10.6 ×106 psi, ( Aluminum 2014-T6), Lc = L, k b= =¿ b
Lb L
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6
A C E C 3 Ab (10.6 × 10 )
k C= =
LC L
Substituting back to eq 1. gives
6
kc 3(10.6 ×10 )
F i= Q Fe ( ) = (1.25)(30,000)[ 6 6 ] = 19,296 lb
k b +k c 30× 10 +3(10.6 ×10 )
Δ F b=
( kb
kb + kc )
F e , Δ F b =0 then Δ F b =
1
kb
2
( )
F =¿ (30,000)
k b +k c e
=14563lb
1 1
F m=Fi+
2 ( Δ F b + Δ Fb ) =19,296+ ( 14,563+0 ) =26,578 lb
2 1
2
1 1
Fa =
2
( Δ F b − Δ Fb )= 2 ( 14,563−0 )=7282lb
2 1
Fm Fa
sm =
n As ,
sa =
n A5
1
For inch - UNF (Table AT 14)
2
Fm 26578 187,300
A s=0.1419 ⅈ n
2
then sm = n A = 0.1419 n = n
s
Fa 7282 51,318
Sa = = =
n A5 0.1419 n n
For AISI 8630, WQT 1100 o F

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k f =3.3 sU =137 ksi s y =125 ksi sn=0.5 s U =0.5 ( 137 )=68.5 ksi=68500 psi
For axial loading with size factor:
sn= ( 0.8 ) ( 0.85 )( 68500 psi )=46,580 psi
Soderberg Equation N= 2
1 s m k f s a 1 187,300 ( 3.3 ) (51,318)

= + = = + ⸪ n= 10.3
N s y sn 2 125000 n 46,580 n
Minimum number of bolts = 10
CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIALS
MATERIAL USED FOR BOLTS
AISI 8630, WQT 1100 o F;

Metric English Comments
Physical Properties
Density 7.85 g/cc 0.284 lb/in³
Mechanical Properties
Hardness, Brinell 223 223
Hardness, Knoop 246 246 Converted from Brinell
hardness.
Hardness, Rockwell B 96 96 Converted from Brinell
hardness.
Hardness, Rockwell C 18.0 18.0
Hardness, Vickers 235 235 Converted from Brinell
hardness.
Tensile Strength, Ultimate 772 MPa 112000 psi
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Tensile Strength, Yield 655 MPa 90000 psi

Elongation at Break 16.0 % 16.0 % in 50 mm
Reduction of Area 40.0 % 40.0 %
Modulus of Elasticity 205 GPa 29700 ksi Typical for steel
Bulk Modulus 140 GPa 20300 ksi Typical for steel
Poissons Ratio 0.290 0.290 Typical For Steel
Shear Modulus 80.0 GPa 11500 ksi Typical for steel
Electrical Properties
Electrical Resistivity 0.0000170 ohm- 0.0000170 ohm- condition of specimen
cm cm unknown; 20°C (68°F)
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat Capacity 0.472 J/g-°C 0.113 BTU/lb-°F Typical steel
Thermal Conductivity 49.8 W/m-K 346 BTU-in/hr- Typical steel
ft²-°F
Component Elements
Properties
Carbon, C 0.370 - 0.45 % 0.370 - 0.45 %
Iron, Fe 97.73 - 98.2 % 97.73 - 98.2 % As remainder
Manganese, Mn 1.35 - 1.65 % 1.35 - 1.65 %
Phosphorous, P <= 0.040 % <= 0.040 %
MATERIAL USED FOR PINION
AISI 1035 Steel, as rolled

General characteristics
AISI 1035 is a low-cost, tough, medium-strength steel ideal for general-purpose
applications, AISI 1035 is a medium-carbon alloy that can be normalized, hot rolled, and water
or oil quenched before tempering.
Category : Steel
Subcategory: AISI 1000 Series Steel; Carbon Steel; Ferrous Metal; Medium
Carbon Steel; Metal
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Carbon steel
Class:
Close
AISI 1030, AISI 1034.
Analogs:
Key Words: UNS G10350, AMS 5080, AMS 5082, ASTM A29, ASTM
A108, ASTM A510, ASTM A519, carbon steels
Composition:
Elemen Weight %
t
C 0.32-0.38
Mn 0.60-0.90
P 0.04 (max)
S 0.05 (max)
Material Notes:
Water-hardening steels suitable for small parts of moderate strength. Used in levers, screws,
bolts, nuts, studs, and similar parts which are headed, upset, or extruded.
Material Properties:
Physical Properties
Density 7.85 g/cc 0.284 lb/in³ -----------------
Hardness, Brinell 183 183 -----------------
Hardness, Knoop 204 204 Converted from
Brinell hardness.
Hardness, Rockwell B8989 Converted from
Brinell hardness.
Hardness, Vickers 192 192 Converted from
Brinell hardness
Tensile Strength, Ultimate 585 MPa 84 800 psi -----------------------
Tensile Strength, Yield 370 MPa 55 000 psi Taken from Faires
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AT-7,p.576.
Elongation at Break 30 % 30 % In 50 mm
Reduction of Area 53 % 53 % -----------------------
Modulus of Elasticity 205 GPa 30 000 ksi Typical for steel
Bulk Modulus 140 GPa 20 300 ksi Typical for steel
Poisson's Ratio 0.29 0.29 Typical For Steel
Machinability 65 % 65 % Based on AISI 1212
steel.as 100%
machinability
Shear Modulus 80 GPa 11600 ksi Typical for steel
Electrical Resistivity 1.63e-5 Ω-cm 1.63e-5 Ω-cm annealed specimen;
0°C(32°F)
Electrical Resistivity at
Elevated Temperature 2.17e-5 Ω-cm 2.17e-5 Ω-cm annealed specimen;
0°C (32°F)
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat Capacity at
Elevated Temperature 0.519 J/g-°C 0.124 BTU/lb-°F annealed;
Through careful observation, the Gear (Driven) is much tougher and stronger than the
Pinion (Driver) in the basis of brinell hardness test in which gear has much more hardness
than the pinion.
Material used in Shaft: C1035 as rolled:
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Material Notes:
Water-hardening steels suitable for small parts of moderate strength. Used in levers,
screws, bolts, nuts, studs, and similar parts which are headed, upset, or extruded.
Physical Properties Metric English Comments

Density 7.85 g/cc 0.284 lb/in³
Hardness, Brinell 183 183
Hardness, Knoop 204 204 Converted from Brinell
hardness
Hardness, Rockwell B 89 89 Converted from Brinell.
hardness.
Hardness, Vickers 192 192 Converted from Brinell
hardness.
Tensile Strength, Ultimate 585 MPa 84800 psi
Tensile Strength, Yield 370 MPa 53700 psi
Elongation at Break 30 % 30 % In 50 mm
Reduction of Area 53 % 53 %
Modulus of Elasticity 205 GPa 29700 ksi Typical for steel
Bulk Modulus 140 GPa 20300 ksi Typical for steel
Poisson's Ratio 0.29 0.29 Typical For Steel
Machinability 65 % 65 % Based on AISI 1212 steel.
as 100%
Shear Modulus 80 GPa 11600 ksi Typical for steel
Electrical Resistivity 1.63e-005 ohm-cm 1.63e-005 ohm-cm annealed specimen;
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Elevated Temperature 2.17e-005 ohm-cm 2.17e-005 ohm-cm annealed specimen;

Thermal Properties
CTE, linear 20°C 11 µm/m-°C 6.11 µin/in-°F
CTE, linear 250°C 12.6 µm/m-°C 7 µin/in-°F
CTE, linear 500°C 13.9 µm/m-°C 7.72 µin/in-°F
Specific Heat Capacity 0.486 J/g-°C 0.116 BTU/lb-°F annealed; 50-100°C
Specific Heat Capacity at (122-212°F)
Elevated Temperature 0.519 J/g-°C 0.124 BTU/lb-°F annealed; 150-200°C
Specific Heat Capacity at (302-392°F)
Elevated Temperature 0.586 J/g-°C 0.14 BTU/lb-°F annealed; 350400°C
Thermal Conductivity 51.9 W/m-K 360 BTU-in/hr-ft²-°F (302-392°F)
The designer have chosen SAE 1035 or same as AISI C1035 as our material to be use because it
exhibit properties enlisted above that can be used as material in the design of shaft.
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Specifications
Transmitted power, P 65 hp
Speed Ratio 10.5:1
Speed Ratio Power 59.15
Maximum center distance 19.21 in.
Pressure angle, θ 20°
Rotational Speed of Pinion, np 1785 rpm
Rotational Speed of gear, ng 45 rpm
No. of Teeth of Pinion, Np 24 teeth
No. of Teeth of Gear, Ng 91 teeth
Pitch Diameter of Pinion, Dp 8 in.
Pitch Diameter of Gear, Dg 30.42 in.
teeth
Diametral Pitch, Pd 3
¿.
¿.
Module, m 8
teeth
Addendum, a 0.333 in.
Clearance, c 0.0830 in.

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Dedendum, d 0.4170 in.
Working Depth 0.6670 in.
Whole depth 0.7500 in.
Outside Diameter of Pinion, ODp 8.6660 in.
Outside Diameter of Gear, ODg 31.086 in.
Backlash 0.012 in.
Tooth thickness 0.5190 in.
Space width, Ws 0.5310 in.
Root Diameter of Pinion, RDp 7.1660 in.
Root Diameter of Gear, RDg 29.586 in.
Base Circular Diameter of Pinion, Dbp 7.52 in.
Base Circular Diameter of Gear, Dbg 28.59 in.
Base pitch, Pb 0.984 in.
Shaft Diameter of Pinion, Dsp 3.4375 in.
Shaft Diameter of Gear, Dsg 4.4375 in.
Hub Length of Pinion, LHp 5.5859 in.
Hub length of Gear, LHg 7.2109 in.
Dimension of key for Pinion:
Thickness of Key, t 0.6250 in
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Width of Key, b 0.8750 in
Length of Key of Pinion, Lkp 4.1250 in
Dimension of Key for Gear:
Thickness of Key, t 1 in
Width of Key, b 0.75 in
Length of Key of Gear, Lkg 5.325 in
Number of Arms 6
Radius Fillet, RF 0.1107 in.
Circular Pitch, Pc 1.05 in.
Face Width, F 2.92 in.
Thickness of rim, tr 0.655 in.
Chordal Tooth Thickness of pinion, tcp 0.523 in.
Chordal Tooth Thickness of gear, tcg 0.525 in.
Circular tooth thickness,t 0.5236 in.
Bead 0.588 in
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Bill of Materials
Source:
----
Quantity Description Unit Price Amount
1 pc
1 pc
Grand Total: P 2682.25
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
BLACK, P. H. and O. E. Adams, JR.,“Machine Design” 3rd Ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, Book
Company, Inc.,1981.
DOUGHTIE, V. L. and A. Valance, “Design of Machine Members” 4 th Ed. New York: McGraw
Hill Book Company, Inc., 1978
FAIRES, V. M., “Design of Machine Elements” 4 th Ed. New York: The McMillan Company.,
1969.
Henry, H., “Machinery’s Handbook” 24th Ed. New York: Industrial Press Inc., 2000.
Philippine Society Of Mechanical Engineers, “Philippine Mechanical Code”, Quezon City: The
PSME Code Standards Committee Philippine Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2002.
Shigley, J.E, Mischke,C. and Brown, T.,“Standard Handbook of Machine Design” 3rd Ed. New
York: McGraw Hill Book Company,1983.
Ugural, Ansel C, “Mechanical Design, an Integrated Approached” 1st Edition,New York:
McGraw Hill Companies Inc., 2004.
Retrieved: October 21, 2022 http://www3.nd.edu/~manufact/FME_pdf_files/FME3_Ch14.pdf
http://gearseds.com/documentation/deb%20holmes/2.5_Chain_drive_systems.pdf
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Republic of the Philippines

CAPIZ STATE UNIVERSITY

A design presented for the subject

ME 413 (Machine Design I)

ENGR. JAIRUS VINCENT PAUL C. SINSON

July 29, 2022

July 29, 2022

Engr. Jairus Vincent Paul C. Sinson, MEng, LPT, MAT

Design of Shaft is hereby presented.

Very respectfully yours,

hereby accepted and approved.

ENGR. JAIRUS VINCENT PAUL C. SINSON, MEng. LPT, MAT

A screw is a mechanism that converts rotational motion to linear motion, and a torque (rotational

consists of a cylindrical shaft with helical grooves or ridges called threads around the

rotate around a stationary screw shaft. Geometrically, a screw can be viewed as a

narrow inclined plane wrapped around a cylinder.

tops for containers, vises, screw jacks and screw presses.

bringing this requirement into accomplishment.

the designers would like to express sincere gratitude.

Statement of the Problem xx

Complete Sketch of Assembly xx

Specification of the Design xx

Statement of the Problem

equivalent diameter of the material in compression is twice the bolt diameter.

Figure based on the problem (Not to Scale)

Harmonic Force = 30,000sin2πtf lb

f = frequency = 5 to 10,000 cps or Hz

N= 2 base on soderberg line

material of the bolts is to be AISI 8630, WQT 1100 o F

material of the body that is to be vibrated is aluminum alloy, 2014-T6

Design basis and assumptions: Where

Substituting back to eq 1. gives

For AISI 8630, WQT 1100 o F

For axial loading with size factor:

sn= ( 0.8 ) ( 0.85 )( 68500 psi )=46,580 psi

1 s m k f s a 1 187,300 ( 3.3 ) (51,318)

Minimum number of bolts = 10

MATERIAL USED FOR BOLTS

AISI 8630, WQT 1100 o F;

Tensile Strength, Yield 655 MPa 90000 psi

MATERIAL USED FOR PINION

AISI 1035 Steel, as rolled

than the pinion.

Material used in Shaft: C1035 as rolled:

Physical Properties Metric English Comments

Elevated Temperature 2.17e-005 ohm-cm 2.17e-005 ohm-cm annealed specimen;

Speed Ratio 10.5:1

Speed Ratio Power 59.15

Maximum center distance 19.21 in.

Pressure angle, θ 20°

Rotational Speed of Pinion, np 1785 rpm

Rotational Speed of gear, ng 45 rpm

No. of Teeth of Pinion, Np 24 teeth

No. of Teeth of Gear, Ng 91 teeth

Pitch Diameter of Pinion, Dp 8 in.

Pitch Diameter of Gear, Dg 30.42 in.

Addendum, a 0.333 in.

Clearance, c 0.0830 in.

Dedendum, d 0.4170 in.

Working Depth 0.6670 in.

Whole depth 0.7500 in.

Outside Diameter of Pinion, ODp 8.6660 in.

Outside Diameter of Gear, ODg 31.086 in.