Lesson ___, ___th November

PRESENT TENSES How to make this tense? What is sit used for? Examples

PRESENT SIMPLE AFFIRMATIVE: 1) Facts and permanent states 1) John lives in the centre of
• I/You/We/They + verb 2) General truths and laws of the city.
• He/She/It + verb + s nature 2) The Earth goes round the
NEGATIVE: 3) Habits and routines Sun.
• I/You/We/They + don’t/do not + verb 4) Timetables and programmes 3) Bob always walks to school.
• He/She/It + doesn’t/does not + verb (in the future) 4) Our plane arrives at
QUESTION: 5) Sporting commentaries, midnight.
• Do + I/you/we/they + verb ? reviews and narrations 5) Henry Cavil plays the role of
• Does + he/she/it + verb ? 6) Feelings and thoughts Superman in this film.
6) I like James Bond films.
They’re full of action.
PRESENT AFFIRMATIVE: 1) For actions taking place at or 1) Tracy is making a lot of
CONTINUOUS • I + am (‘m) + verb + ing around the moment of noise at the moment.
• You/We/They + are (‘re) + verb + ing speaking 2) Ted is learning to play the
• He/She/It + is (‘s) + verb + ing 2) For temporary situations drums.
NEGATIVE: 3) For fixed arrangements in 3) John and I are going
• I + am not + verb + ing the near future bowling on Saturday.
• You/We/They + are not (aren’t) + verb 4) For currently changing and 4) More and more people are
+ ing developing situations exercising these days.
• He/She/It + is not (isn’t) + verb + ing 5) With adverbs such as always 5) You’re always forgetting to
QUESTION: to express anger or irritation tidy your room.
at a repeated action
• Am + I + verb + ing ?
• Are + you/we/they + verb + ing ?
• Is + he/she/it + verb + ing ?

PRESENT PERFECT AFFIRMATIVE: 1) an action that happened at an 1) I have done all my

• I/You/We/They + have (‘ve) + past unstated time in the past. the homework. Truly has been
participle verb emphasis is on the action. to the Alps.
• He/She/It + has (‘s) + past participle The time when it occurred is 2) I have lived in this town for
verb unimportant or unknown. years.
NEGATIVE: 3) Tommy me has just left.
 • I/You/We/They + haven’t/have not +
past participle verb
• He/She/It + hasn’t/has not + past
participle verb
QUESTION:
• Have + I/you/we/they + past participle
verb ?
• Has + he/she/it + past participle verb ?
2) An action which started in 4) have you ever flown in a
the past and continues up to plane?
the present, especially with 5) I have written three emails
stative verbs such as be, this morning. (= The time
have like, know etc. period- this morning-is not
3) A recently completed action over yet. We may write
4) Personal experiences or more.)
changes
5) an action which has
happened within a specific
time period which is not
over at the moment of
speaking. We use words and
expressions such as today,
this morning/evening/week/
month etc.

PRESENT PERFECT AFFIRMATIVE: 1) Emphasis on that duration of 1) I have been writing this
CONTINUOUS • I/You/We/They + have (‘ve) + been + an action which started in essay for two hours.
verb + ing the past and continues up to 2) John’s hair is wet. He has
• He/She/It + has (‘s) + been + verb + the present been swimming for hours.
ing 2) For an action which started 3) Why has Andrew been using
NEGATIVE: in the past and lasted for my computer without asking
• I/You/We/They + haven’t/have not + some time. It may still be me first?
been + verb + ing continuing or has finished
• He/She/It + hasn’t/has not + been + already, but the result is
verb + ing visible in the present
QUESTION: 3) To express anger, irritation
• Have + I/you/we/they + been + verb + or annoyance
ing ?
• Has + he/she/it + been + verb + ing?