The force of friction ED or SIEo Intersperse the pages of Now, try to pull them apart two books, as shown in and observe what happens. the photograph. a. What happened when you tried to separate the books? Describe. | b. How would you explain the phenomenon observed? In the activity above, you most ikely found it practically impossible to separate the books, But why did this happen? When the pages of the books were interspersed, they experienced friction, and the more pages in contact, the greater the friction these will undergo when trying to separate the books. inthis case, the opposing force that kept the books from being separated ie known as the force of fiction or abrasion. Another example of the force vefriction would be when someone tries to push a piece of furniture ofa large size and mass (such as a table), and experiences resistance to the force exerted to move it. The force of friction allows us to walk, ride our bicycles or move inacar, Se aa ameideuinfeat (ore te on er) Scanned with CamScannerrosann@rocone What are the properties of the force of friction? The force of friction originates in the small i iti 2 small irregularities or roughness of surfaces in contact. To learn more about the properties of this force, ie at the picture below and read the descriptions. : The force of friction is always opposed to the movement of bodies. ‘The greater the mass ofthe body you want to move ona given surface, the greater the force of fiction acting on it Explaining @ Feranda places a coin and a rubber on a notebook. Then she tilts the notebook and observes that the coin begins to slide down before the rubber. Give an explanation for what Fernanda observed. Looking back Why is it so difficult to try rink usina normal street shoes to walk on a heavily waxed floor or onan ice 5? Explain. Te Scanned with CamScannerF the rubber | re is orce \ose ater with r band can ® When we hold or lift a body, hey act). we must apply a force that counteracts its weight. PROYECTO SAVIA © EDICIONES SM Scanned with CamScannerawe es x oe What are the properties of the weight of a body? The force of gravity or weight is a force that is exerted at a distance; in other words, the interacting bodies do not necessarily come into contact. The weight of a living thing or object on our planet depends on the Earth’s mass. If that same object were to be found, for example, on the Moon, its weight would be less than it is on Earth. This is because the mass of our satellite the Moon is less than that of Earth. \ The weight of an astronaut is greater on the Earth than ‘on the Moon. However, its mass is the same on both celestial bodies. ‘Analysing © carolina observes two spheres of equal volume, similar to those shown in the picture. » Mark (7) what Carolina needs to know to determine which one is heavier. The shape mea (Sar 1 ofeach jeuces Looking back it lar system, D IF you took an imaginary trip to the different planets in our solar sys ; ter? Justify in which of these do you think your weight would be grea your answer, orcto sant (OCONEM Scanned with CamScanner[Did you know... The Earth works like a gigantic magnet. This is why we can use compasses to guide us. Due to this phenomenon, many migratory birds can distinguish between North and South. nen two magnets are close to each other they will either attract or repel ach other, depending on how they are positioned, But what determines this? \ magnet has two ends, called poles, labelled the north pole (N) and south pole (S). When the north pole of one magnet is brought near to the south pole of another (or vice versa), these will attract; conversely, when the north pole of one magnets close to the north pole of another, these will repel. The same occurs when the south poles of two magnets are near to each other. This property of magnetic force is represented in the figure below. Repulsion Itis important to note that, much like the force of gravity, magnetic force acts ata distance. Jor Explaining @ Felipe brings a magnet close to a metal toy car. He observes that the car begins to move towards the magnet, as shown inthe picture. a. What type of force is exerted on the toy car? Mark (/) the co options you consider correct. Acontactfore | _ | Aforce of repulsion) _ | Aforce of attraction |_| Aforce ata distance |_| b. What effect did force produce on the car? Looking back <2 What applications do you know of for magnets? Name at least three. UE oe Scanned with CamScanner