Jose Rizal Memorial State University – Main REVIEW I College of Engineering

PLANE TRIGONOMETRY

I. Trigonometric Functions IV. Standard Signs of the Trigonometric

Functions in the Four Quadrants
In a right triangle, there are six possible
trigonometric ratios between the three sides of a 6. If sin A = 3/5 and sin B = -4/5 where A and B have
triangle. terminal sides in quadrants II and III respectively,
find sin (A – B).
1. If the short leg of a right triangle is 4 units, and the
long leg is 6 units long, find the angle opposite the
short leg.

II. Pythagorean Theorem

In a right triangle, the square of the hypotenuse is

equal to the sum of the squares of the other two
sides. It is named after Pythagoras.
2. In a right triangle ABC, angle C is the right angle.
If tan A = 9/40, solve for sec A.
7. If sin A = 21/29 with A terminating in quadrant II
and tan B = -5/12 with B terminating in quadrant
IV, find tan (A + B).

3. In a right triangle, the hypotenuse has length 20

and the ratio of the two arms is 3:4. Find the
length of the shorter arm.

IV. Angle of Elevation and Angle of

Depression

If a person stands and looks up at an object, the

angle of elevation is the angle between the
III. Trigonometric Identities horizontal line of sight and the object. If a person
stands and looks down at an object, the angle of
Trigonometric identities are equalities that involve depression is the angle between the horizontal
trigonometric functions and are true for every value line of sight and the object.
of the occurring variables for which both sides of the
equality are defined. 8. A tower and a monument stand on a level plane.
The angles of depression of the top and bottom
sin θ of the monument viewed from the top of the tower
4. Simplify: cot θ + .
1+ cos θ are 13° and 31° respectively. The height of the
tower is 145 ft. Find the height of the monument.
a. tan θ b. sec θ c. cot θ d. csc θ

tan2 θ + 1
5. Simplify: .
tan θ csc2 θ

a. tan θ b. sec θ c. cot θ d. csc θ

 Jose Rizal Memorial State University – Main REVIEW I College of Engineering

9. An observer, on top of the hill 300 ft above the
level of a lake, sighted two ships directly in line.
Find to the nearest foot, the distance between the
boats if the angles of depression noted by the
observer measured 20° and 15°.
11. A private plane flies for 1.3 hours at 110 mph on
a bearing of 40°. Then it turns and continues
another 1.5 hours at the same speed, but on a
bearing of 130°. At the end of this time, how far is
the plane from its starting point?

VI. Bearing Position VII. Worded Problems Involving an Oblique

The bearing of a point B from a point A in a
horizontal plane is defined as the acute angle
made by the ray drawn from A through B with the
north-south line through A. The bearing is then
read from the north or south line towards the east
or west.
Triangle
An oblique triangle is a triangle having no right
angle.
SINE LAW: In any triangle ABC, the ratio of a side
and the sine of the opposite angle is a constant.

N N COSINE LAW: In any triangle ABC, the square of

B B
any side is equal to the sum of the squares of the
30°
other two sides diminished by twice the product
A of these sides and the cosine of the included
W E W E angle.
A
45°
12. Given triangle ABC, with c = 25, A = 35° and B =
S S 68°, find b.
N 30° E S 45° W
30° E of N 45° W of S

10. The bearing of point B from point C is 254°. The

bearing of point A from point C is 344°. The
bearing of point A from point B is 32°. If the
distance from A to C is 780 m, find the distance
from A to B.
13. A tree leans at an angle of 8° from the vertical
away from the sun. From a point 8 m from the
bottom of the tree, the angle of elevation to the
top of the tree is 66°. How tall is the tree?
 Jose Rizal Memorial State University – Main REVIEW I College of Engineering

14. A lighthouse is 10 mi northwest of a dock. A ship 15. What is the are of an equilateral triangle if the
leaves the dock at 9 AM and steams west at 12 length of an altitude is 5√3?
mph. At what time will it be 8 mi from the
lighthouse for the first time?

16. The sides of an equilateral triangle are 10 cm, 12

cm, and 14 cm. Solve the radius of the inscribed
circle.

17. In an equilateral triangle, what is the length of

each side if the radius of the circumscribing circle
is 9 cm?
VII. Areas of Triangles

18. What is the radius of a circle escribed in a triangle

whose sides measuring 10, 17, and 21 cm
respectively? The circle is tangent to the side
measuring 10 cm.

Similar Triangles

The ratio of the areas of two similar triangles is equal

to the square of the ratios of any two proportional
parts of the two triangles.

2
A1 Length1
=( )
A2 Length1
 Jose Rizal Memorial State University – Main REVIEW I College of Engineering

19. The areas of two similar triangles are 36 cm2 and

25 cm2 respectively. If the median of the smaller
triangle has length 10 cm, find the length of the
corresponding median of the larger triangle.

20. The corresponding altitude of two similar

triangles have lengths 3 cm and 4 cm. If the area
of the larger triangle is 112 cm2, find the area of
the smaller triangle.