ISFO Science+Grade+6 2022

Empowering children to become
Global Olympiad Champions
SCIENCE
OLYMPIAD
PRACTICE BOOK
ADE
GR
6
The Science Olympiad series is an initiative of International Society for Olympiad (ISFO)
International Society for Olympiad acknowledges the contribution of all its authors, content writers and
designers in the creation of this book.
Copyright ©International Society for Olympiad
All rights are reserved with the publisher. No part of the work may be reproduced, stored in retrieval system
or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or
otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher.
Any errors or omissions are unintentional. We would be grateful for notification of corrections that should be
incorporated in the future reprints.
First Published - 2016

Revised Edition - 2017
Published by
International Society for Olympiad
193, Ganpati Enclave, Jharsa Road, Gurgaon (India)
www.isfo.in
Preface
Our education system effectively provides an introduction to the concepts
of Math and Science and helps us understand the underlying concepts.
But in its overly generalized approach, which aims to enlighten and test
all students of varying caliber and interests, it leaves the exploration of
application of all these concepts completely on the students.
This workbook is designed to enable students to explore Science

effectively. Designed in accordance with the requirements of the Science
Olympiads, the workbook is an efficient tool to achieve comprehensive
success at the ISFO – Science Olympiad.
The main aim of this workbook is to assist students in developing and

improving their ability to solve problems.
Each chapter of the book consists of 3 sets of questions.
• Section A (Scientific Reasoning) : This section is created to test

the knowledge of scientific concepts and topics pertaining to the
respective grades.
• Section B (Everyday Science) : This section deals with the application

of the concept learnt.
• Section C (BrainBox) : Questions to prepare students with HOTS

(Higher Order Thinking Skills), based on the syllabus provided.
Logical Reasoning section is provided to equip students with verbal and

non-verbal analysis and reasoning skills.
Sample Test Papers and Answer keys have been provided to accelerate
the learning process.
3
Contents
1. Food ant Its Components 5
2. Fibre to Fabric 11
3. Sorting and Separation of Materials into Groups 16
4. Changes Around Us 22
5. Plants and Animals 28
6. Motion and Measurement 35
7. Electrical System 40
8. Fun with Magnets 46
9. Light, Shadow and Reflection 52
10. Our Environment 57
11. Logical Reasoning 63
Answers 67
4
Chapter
Food and Its Components
1
• There is a lot of variation in the food eaten in different regions of India.
• The main sources of our food are plants and animals.
• Animal which eat only plants are called herbivores.
• Animals which eat only animals are called carnivores.
• Animals which eat both plants as well as other animals are called
omnivores.
• The major nutrients in our food are carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins
and minerals. In addition, food also contains dietary fibres and water.
• Carbohydrates and fats mainly provide energy to our body.
• Proteins and minerals are needed for the growth and the maintenance of
our body.
• Vitamins help in protecting our body against diseases.
• Balanced diet provides all the nutrients that our body needs, in right
quantities, along with adequate amount of roughage and water.
• Deficiency of one or more nutrients in our food for a long time may cause
certain diseases or disorders.
SECTION - A : SCIENTIFIC REASONING
1. A list of some edible plants is given below: Which of these animals are omnivores?
I. Banana II. Pumpkin a. I & II b. II & III
III. Ladyfinger IV. Brinjal c. III & IV d. II & IV
Which plants have two or more edible 3. Which of the following nutrients is not
parts? present in milk?
a. Protein b. Calcium
a. I & II b. II & III c. Vitamin C d. Vitamin D
c. III & IV d. I & IV
4. Read the steps given to test the presence
2. A student wrote names of some animals as- of proteins in a food item:
1. Take a small quantity of food item in a
I. Goat II. Human Beings
test tube. Add 10 drops of water to it
III. Cockroach IV. Eagle
and shake it.
5
2. Make a paste or powder of the food to b. Fats deposited in our body act as shock
be tested. absorber and protect us from injury.
3. Add 10 drops of caustic soda solution c. Roughage neither releases energy nor
to the test tube and shake well. helps in tissue or body building.
4. Add 2 drops of copper sulphate d. Marasmus is caused due to the
solution to it. deficiency of proteins, vitamins and
Arrange the steps in a correct sequence carbohydrates.
a. 1,2,4,3 8. Choose the incorrect match:
b. 2,1,4,3
Deficiency Diseases Deficient Nutrients
c. 2,1,3,4
d. 4,2,1,3 a. Beri-Beri Vitamin B1
5. Humans eat parts of plants. Most commonly b. Tooth decay Vitamin C

they eat seeds, fruits and leaves. c. Goiter Iodine
Which of the following options contains
d. Anaemia Iron
foods obtained from the stem of the
plants? 9. Observe the given pictures showing
a. Asparagus, Broccoli, Birch, Bamboo various deficiency diseases.
b. Celery, Spinach, Cabbage
c. Cauliflower, Radish, Mango
d. Potato, Tomato, Sugarcane
6. Study the given table and identify X, Y & Z.
Rickets Scurvy
Protein-rich Carbohydrate- Vitamin-
Food rich food rich food In what way are these diseases similar?
Pulse Potato Guava a. Both are vitamin deficiency diseases.
Egg Rice Orange b. Both are protein deficiency diseases.
X Sweet Potato Z c. Both occur in old aged people.
Chicken Breast Y Papaya d. Both are incurable diseases.
Choose the correct option. 10. Choose the incorrect statement about a
a. X – Kiwi, Y – Sugar, Z – Almond balanced diet.
b. X – Green Pepper, Y – Oat, Z – Spinach a. A balanced diet consists of several food
c. X – Oat meal, Y – Brinjal, Z – Kiwi groups which provide all the required
d. X – Almond, Y – Yam, Z – Kiwi nutrients in proper amount.
b. All deficiency diseases can be treated
7. Read the given statements and find the by taking a balanced diet.
incorrect one :
c. Eating too much of fat rich food may
a. Starch-rich food items turn bluish – result in from obesity.
black in colour with the addition of d. Water is not a part of balanced diet.
iodine solution.
6
11. A list of food items is given as – Choose the correct statement about P, Q
and R
P
apaya, Broccoli, Strawberries, Mustard
greens, Brussels Sprouts a. Deficiency of ‘P’ causes night blindness
while deficiency of ‘Q’ causes rickets.
They are _________ food items.
b. ‘P’ is stored in the fat tissues of our
a. Protein rich body and keeps our reproductive
system healthy.
b. Carbohydrate rich
c. ‘Q’ repairs bones while ‘R’ causes
c. Vitamin rich
marasmus.
d. Fat rich
d. ‘R’ can be Vitamin B12.
12. Study the given diagram.
14. Read the following statements about
diseases.
Fats
I. They are caused by germs.
Proteins II. They are caused due to the lack of
Y
nutrients in our diet.
III. They can be passed on to another
Carbohydrates
person through contact.
Vegetables + Fruits IV. They can be prevented by taking a
balanced diet.
X
Which pair of statement best describes a
Identify X and Y
deficiency disease?
a. X – Salads, Y – Water
a. I & II
b. X – Pulses, Y – Breads
b. II & III
c. X – Water, Y – Vitamins
c. II & IV
d. X – Vitamins, Y – Water
d. I & III
13. Study the given Venn diagram. 15. In order to have healthy bones what kind
Vitamins that of nutrition do we need to make sure our
Fat-soluble
help in blood daily food contains?
vitamin P clotting
R a. Vitamin D, Calcium, Phosphorus
Q
b. Vitamin A, Vitamin B, Calcium
c. Phosphorus Calcium, iron
Vitamins
synthesised in d. Calcium, iodine, iron
our body
7
SECTION - B : EVERYDAY SCIENCE
16. Aditya’s parents notice some changes in 19. Aman’s mother always cooks delicious
him. Those are- food items in kitchen. But Aman always
feels that the food does not contain
I. Swelling in his ankle, feet and belly sufficient amount of nutrients. His mother–
II. Scaly skin
III. Mental retardation I. Washes pulses repeatedly.
IV. Diarrhoea II. Washes fruits and vegetables after
cutting.
Doctor told them that Aditya is suffering III. Washes fruits and vegetables before
from a deficiency disease. Identify the cutting.
disease and the deficient nutrient. IV. Uses excess water for cooking and
Deficiency disease Deficient nutrient drains out the excess water.
a. Kwashiorkor Proteins Which one of the given statements cannot
b. Goiter Iodine be the cause of loss of nutrients?
c. Anaemia Iron a. I & II b. II and IV
d. Rickets Vitamin D c. III and IV d. Only IV
17. Riya soaked black grain seeds overnight in 20. A teacher gave some clues about four
water. Next day she drained out the water different food groups W, X, Y & Z
and wrapped the seeds in a wet cloth. She Food
kept it in a warm place for 24 hours. When Clues
Group
she opened the cloth piece, she observed
W Helps to maintain strong
small white structures growing out of
eyesight and healthy skin
seeds. What do these structures develop
into? X Required for the growth of
bones and teeth in children
a. Stem b. Leaves
Y Essential for proper functioning
c. Roots d. Flowers of muscles and nerves
18. Anushka always prefers to eat samosa, Z Essential for blood clotting on
poori, bhature, pakora etc. wounds
What could happen to her? Identify W, X, Y & Z and choose the correct
statement regarding those food groups.
a. She may not be able to digest other
kinds of food items. a. Food groups W, X & Z are vitamins
b. She may suffer from obesity and heart while Y is a mineral.
disease. b. X is produced when our skin is exposed
c. She may suffer from hypertension and to sunlight.
dyslipidemia diseases. c. Deficiency of Y causes poor digestion,
d. Both b & c. anxiety and sleeplessness.
d. All are correct.
8
SECTION - C : BRAINBOX
21. Observe the given diagrams Observation Conclusion
P Q a. Food sample ‘P’ Sample ‘P’ consists
turned purple of protein while
while no change is sample ‘Q’ consists
observed in sample of calcium.
‘Q’
Marasmus Kwashiorkor b. Food sample ‘P’ Sample ‘P’ consists
R S turned brick red in of sugar while ‘Q’
colour while sample consists of protein.
‘Q’ turned purple
c. Food sample ‘P’ Sample ‘P’ consists
turned brick red in of protein while ‘Q’
Rickets Goiter colour while sample consists of sugar.
A student stated the following statements ‘Q’ turned purple
about them. d. Sample ‘P’ and ‘Q’, Both samples ‘P’ &
both turned black ‘Q’ consist of sugar.
I. P & Q can be cured, if adequate
amounts of pulses, eggs and almonds 23. Study the given table
are added in the meals. Food Food Components
II. S is an iodine deficiency disease. Sources
III. R is an iron deficiency disease. A Meat, Fish, Egg, Pulses
IV. Q and R can never be cured. B Butter, Ghee, Oil
Choose the correct statements: C Chapatis, Potato, Rice
a. I and II b. II and III D Tomato, Lemon, Orange
c. I, II and III d. II and IV
22. Aman and Anvi tested the presence of Which of the given statements are
nutrient in two different food samples P incorrect regarding A, B, C & D?
& Q. They obsereved the experiment as a. Food source ‘B’ produces more energy
shown here: than the food source ‘D’.
Benedict’s
b. Deficiency of ‘D’ leads to a disease in
Blue vitriol
solution which gums swell up and bleed.
NaOH solution
Food sample Food sample c. Deficiency of ‘A’ causes marasmus
‘P’ ‘Q’ in children whereas deficiency of ‘B’
Set up ‘B’
causes kwashiorkor in adults.
Set up ‘A’ d. Food source ‘C’ is an energy giving food
Which of the given observation and group. Excess of ‘C’ gets stored in body
conclusion are correct? cells and is used for the production of
energy whenever required.
9
24. Identify the pictures of given food items: 25. Aditi studied about given
X Y Z food item and inferred
the following about it.
I. It is considered as
‘almost complete food’.
II. It contains carbohydrates, proteins,
Beetroot Onion Bulb Mustard pods fats, vitamins, minerals and water.
Which of the following statements are III. It does not contain iron and vitamin C.
correct about them? IV. It contains all the essential nutrients.
a. ‘X’ is a modified taproot which stores
Choose the correct answer.
food
b. Edible part of ‘Y’ is same as the edible a. Only I and II
part of garlic. b. II, III and IV
c. Edible part of ‘Z’ is used as spices and c. III and IV
to produce oil.
d. I, II and III
d. All are correct.
Darken your choice with HB pencil
1. a b c d 8. a b c d 15. a b c d 22. a b c d
5. a b c d 12. a b c d 19. a b c d
6. a b c d 13. a b c d 20. a b c d
7. a b c d 14. a b c d 21. a b c d
10
Chapter
Fibre to Fabric
2
⇒ Fabrics are made from yarn and yarns are made from fibres.
• Fibres are of two types-Natural fibres, which are obtained from plants and
animals and synthetic fibres, which are made from chemical substances.
• Cotton, jute, silk, etc. are natural fibres, whereas polyester, nylon, etc.
are synthetic fibres.
• Cotton and jute are made from the seeds and the stem of the plant,
respectively
⇒ The process of making yarn from fibres is called spinning.
• The methods used for making fabric from yarn are weaving and knitting.
• In knitting, a single yarn is used to make a piece of fabric, whereas in
weaving two sets of yarn are arranged together to make a fabric.
1. Coir is prepared from the husk of coconut 4. Following table shows the process by
plant. What is the usage of coir? which wool is obtained from sheep.
a. Making clothes b. Making mats
Sorting Drawing Combing
c. Making carpet d. Making bags
Spinning Shearing Scouring
2. ‘X’ is a fibre which is soft and wavy. It is
mainly obtained from animal. Choose the option showing the correct
X is _______. sequence of the process.
a. Wool b. Silk a. Shearing → Drawing → Combing →

Scouring → Sorting → Spinning
c. Polyster d. Cotton
b. Shearing → Drawing → Combing →
3. The process by which fleece from sheep is Scouring → Spinning → Sorting
washed and dried is called _____. c. Shearing → Scouring → Sorting →
a. Shearing b. Scouring Drawing → Combing → Spinning
c. Sorting d. Dyeing d. None of the above
11
5. Which of the following is not a correct c. Spinning machine
difference between weaving and knitting? d. Spinning wheel
a. Weaving uses two sets of yarn while 9. A student used Venn diagram to show some
knitting involves only one yarn. information about fibres. But he forgot to
b. Elasticity in weaving is very less or mention the names of the fibres.
negligible while knitting shows elasticity
due to loop structure. Natural fiber Synthetic fiber
c. The woven fabric absorbs more • Silk • Nylon

• Jute Vulca • Terylene
moisture than a knitted fabric due to its
• X
- obtained mixed • Y - known as
loose construction. rubber
from plants artificial silk
d. Woven fabrics require ironing while used to clean
knitted fabrics do not require ironing. wounds
6. What is correct about the instrument

shown in the given figure? Identify ‘X’ and ‘Y’
a. X – Cotton, Y – Polyster
b. X – Hemp, Y – Polyster
c. X – Wool, Y – Terylene
d. X – Cotton, Y – Rayon
10. Variety of silk depends upon which one of
the following factors?
a. It is used for unwinding the silk fibre
from cocoons. I. Temperature at which eggs are stored.
b. It is used for shearing. II. Types of silk processing in the factory.
c. It is used for processing of animal’s skin. III. Types of silkmoth.
d. All of these
a. Only I b. I and II both
7. Which one of these will give similar smell c. I, II and III d. None of the above
on burning?
11. Which of the following materials did people
I. Silk II. Wool III. Cotton use in ancient times for making clothes?
a. Silk and Cotton b. Cotton and Wool I. Tree leaves II. Newspaper
c. Silk and Wool d. None of these III. Metal foils IV. Animal skins and furs
8. Spinning is done to prepare yarn from Choose the correct option –

fibres by drawing out and twisting a mass a. I & II b. I & III
of fibres. Which one of these is not used
c. II & III d. I & IV
for this process?
a. Loom 12. Why are fibres such as polyester and
cotton often blended together when
b. Hand spindle
12
spinning a yarn? Choose as many options 14. Which of the following incorrectly shows
as you think are correct. the difference between natural fibre and
I. It combines the good performance man-made fibre?
characteristics of the fibres and reduces
Natural fibre Man-made fibre
the effect of the less desirable ones.
a. Obtained from Prepared by man
II. The cost of the fibre could be less than
plants or animals using chemicals.
using just one fibre.
b. Burns with odour Burns with odour
III. To make them easier to be made into a
like burning paper like burning hair
fabric.
c. It includes cotton, It includes nylon,
IV. To help them stick together better.
silk, etc. polyster etc.
a. I and III b. II and IV d. None of the above
c. I and II d. I, II and III
15. Fill the following classification chart.
13. X and Y are two countries with the
following features: Fibres
X – It is credited with the discovery of silk. Animal Plant

Y – It ranks first in jute processing industry.
p q r s
Identify X and Y. a. p – silk, q – wool, r – cotton, s – jute
a. X – China Y – Bangladesh b. p – wool, q – coir, r – silk, s – jute
b. X – Thailand Y – China c. p – wool, q – jute, r – rayon, s – nylon
c. X – India Y – USA d. p – silk, q – nylon,r – cellulose,
d. X – England Y – China s – jute
16. Gopal is a farmer who describes best 17. Nidhi was asked to tell the features of
conditions for growth of cotton plants. her handkerchief. She told that it absorbs
Which of the following is the correct water, it catches fire easily and burns with
statement made by Gopal? yellow flame. On burning, it smells like a
burning paper. Which fibre is used to make
I. Cotton grows well in warm weather the cloth of Nidhi’s handkerchief?
and loamy soil.
a. Cotton b. Wool
II. Cotton grows well in warm climate
c. Silk d. Rayon
and black soil.
III. Cotton grows well in cold climate and 18. A group of students are going to Hyderabad
black soil. in the months of May-June on a school trip.
Which type of clothes should they wear?
a. Only I b. Only II a. Dark coloured, cotton clothes
c. Both I and II d. Only III b. Light coloured, cotton clothes
13
c. Light coloured, silk clothes 20. Laboratory clothes are made of cotton,
d. Any colour, silk clothes and not of any synthetic fibre. It is because
synthetic fibres –
19. Aman compared the quality of a jute bag and a
stylish school bag. He tabulated the differences a. Make you feel cold and so students
between them as given here. Which one of may get a frost when working with fire.
these qualities is possibly not correct? b. Are lustrous and so they shine under
flame.
Jute Bag School Bag
c. Melt on heating and stick to the body
a. Hydrophilic Hydrophobic when they catch fire.
b. Natural fibre Synthetic fibre d. All of these
c. Less strength More strength
d. Durable Not durable
21. Following flowchart shows the process of Fibres

getting jute fibres from its stem.
Made of Cellulose Made of Protein
Harvesting at flowering stage
(X) (Y)
X a. X – Polyster Y – Linen
b. X – Cotton Y – Wool
The stem rots after absorbing water c. X – Nylon Y – Silk
d. None of the above
The fibres can be separated from it 23. A student of grade 6 made two columns

A and B to show a few terminologies
Choose suitable option for ‘X’. involved to get fabric from fibres and their
explanations.
a. The stems of jute fibres are immersed
Which one of the following is not matched
in water.
correctly?
b. The stems of the harvested plants are
immersed in water. Column A Column B
(Terminology) (Explanation)
c. The stems rot and are immersed in
water a. Ginning Separating fibres from
seeds.
d. The stems of harvested plants are dried
b. Seed pods Straightening fibres.
under the sun.
c. Lint Cotton fibres after
22. Read the classification chart and choose being separated from
the correct option for X and Y. seeds.
d. Carding Cleaning and
disentangling the fibres
14
24. Study the given Venn diagram and identify ‘P’. 25. The different steps of processing wool into
yarn are given below:
Natural Rotted to
fibre get fibres
I. Scouring II. Fleecing III. Carding
IV. Spinning V. sorting VI. Washing fleece
P
Arrange them in a sequence from step 1 to
Grows well in step 6.
well asserted
loamy soil a. III, V, I, VI, II, IV
b. II, VI, I, V III, IV
a. Cotton b. Wool c. VI, V, III, II, IV, I
c. Hemp d. Both a and c d. I, II, III, VI, V, IV
5. a b c d 12. a b c d 19. a b c d
6. a b c d 13. a b c d 20. a b c d
7. a b c d 14. a b c d 21. a b c d
15
Chapter Sorting and Separation
3 of Materials into Groups
⇒ Different materials have different properties, such as some are hard or soft,
some are smooth or rough, some are shiny or non-shiny, etc.
• Grouping of materials on the basis of their similarities and differences
makes it easy to study their properties.
• Some materials are soluble in water such as salt while some are insoluble
in water such as sand and oil.
⇒ Some of the methods to separate substances from their mixture are hand-
picking, winnowing, sieving, sedimentation, decantation and filtration.
• The process used to separate grains from stalks is threshing.
• Winnowing is used to separate heavier and lighter components of a
mixture by wind or by blowing air.
• By sieving and filtration, particles of different size are separated.
• When the heavier component of a mixture settles after water is added
to it, the process is called sedimentation. When water is removed, the
process is called decantation.
• When no more solute (e.g. Salt) can be dissolved in the amount of
solvent (e.g. Water) taken, the solution is said to be saturated solution.
By heating water, more solute can be added to it before it gets saturated.

1. Why do we need to classify materials into 2. Which of the following are the properties
groups? of the cloth for making an umbrella?
a. It enables us to see similarities and I. Light weight II. Flexible III. Water proof
differences among different materials
b. It makes it easier for us to choose materials The correct options are –
suitable for making certain things.
a. Only II b. I and III
c. It helps us to study the properties of
c. II and III d. I, II and III
different materials easily.
d. All of these
16
3. Which of the following method will you c. X – Condensation, Y – Churning
use for separating butter from curd? d. X – Filtration, Y – Evaporation
a. Churning b. Filtration 7. Which of the following reasons best explains
c. Winnowing d. Hand–picking why tungsten is used in light bulbs?
4. The following diagram shows a pot used a. It has high melting point.
for heating perfumery oil. b. It is resistant to corrosion.
c. It is cheap.
Vapour d. It is a good conductor of electricity.
8. In which of the following groups would
Pot you place a porcelain soup spoon?
Candle fire
Object
Which of the following physical property is I. Vase II. Sock III. Letter
IV. Tyre
the most desirable for making the pot? Jar Scarf Envelope
Eraser
a. Vibrant colour Mug Glove Stamp
Rubber band
b. High density a.
I b.
II
c. Good insulator of heat c.
III d.
IV
d. High melting point
9. A solid, ‘Q’ is heated until the temperature
5. What is the of 80°C is reached. At that temperature,
reason behind solid ‘Q’ starts to melt. The temperature is
the formation of constant throughout the melting of solid Q.
drops as shown Which of the following statements is correct
on the surface about the solid, ‘Q’?
of the leaf in the
morning? a. It has a boiling point of 80°C.
a. Condensation of water vapour b. It is a pure substance.

b. Evaporation of water vapour c. It has a high density.
c. Photosynthesis d. It does not conduct electricity.
d. Respiration 10. Which of the following physical properties
6. Identify the correct method of separation can be used to differentiate metals from
of two mixtures (X and Y). glass, ceramics, plastics and fibres?
a. High melting point.
X– Mixture of Y– Mixture of b. High density.
chalk and water petrol and water
c. Good conductor of electricity.
a. X – Filtration, Y – Separating Funnel d. Can be molded into shape.
b. X – Decantation, Y – Separating Funnel
17
11. Shalu found that there is too much ghee 14. An apparatus is set up to distil a liquid
in a particular curry. To remove excess of from a mixture as shown below. At which
ghee, she should: position, A, B, C or D, should the bulb of a
a. Put the curry in a fridge to cool. thermometer be placed?
b. Remove ghee from the top with the a. A A
help of a ladle. b. B B
c. Put the curry in the fridge to cool and c. C C
then remove ghee from top with the d. D D

help of a ladle. Heat
d. None of these. 15. Grade 6 students classified Cobalt, Iron,
Copper and Tin into 2 categories as given
12. What can be done to drink tea if there is below:
too much sugar in it?
Materials
a. Sugar should be removed with a strainer.
b. This tea should be taken as such or
thrown away as nothing can be done Cobalt & Iron Copper & Tin
about the sugar content.
c. Tea without sugar will have to be Magnetic Non-magnetic
prepared and then mixed with this tea
Which of the following information you
if we need to drink this tea.
can get from this?
d. Not possible to analyse the correct
answer from the given options. I. All the metals are not magnetic.
II. Iron and Tin have different magnetic
13. There is a lot of air pollution and there is
properties.
an increase in the particulate matter in the
air. Every day we see a layer of dust on the III. All the given materials are metals.
furniture. This is because: IV. Copper and Tin can be used to make
needles of a magnetic compass.
a. Dusting is not a priority with us.
b. Dust gets removed from air. Choose the correct option –
c. Air is not circulating properly. a. I and II b. II and IV
d. Particulate matter like dust is heavier c. I, II and III d. II, III and IV
and tends to settle down due to gravity.
P Q R S Study the table and choose the correct

16. option.
Pen T-shirt Notebook Fruit
In the above table, we can replace R and T by
Mug Vest Magazine Vegetables a. Paper and pen, respectively.
Toy car Pant T Medicines b. Paper and carton, respectively.
Television Saree Book Rubber c. Leather and magazine, respectively.
d. Paper and cotton respectively.
18
17. Which of the following statements is Study the given figure and choose the
correct? correct statement:
The hand-picking method is used to a. Two distinct layers are formed; layer ‘P’
separate the components of mixture when: is mustard oil and layer ‘Q’ is water.
I. The size of the unwanted substance is b. Two distinct layers are formed; layer ‘P’
same as that of useful ones. is water and layer ‘Q’ is mustard oil.
II. The shape of the unwanted substance c. No distinct layer is formed as both the
is same as that of useful ones. liquids are miscible.
III. The colour of the unwanted substance d. Mustard oil is first collected in the
is same as that of useful ones. beaker.
IV. The unwanted material is present in 20. Some household items are classified as
small quantity. given here:
a. Only I b. Only IV Household Made Reason to use
c. Both I and III d. Both III and IV items of
18. Kavya wants to measure the amount of 1. Cooking Metal Metals are good
milk using a measuring jug. utensil conductor of heat
She should _______ . 2. Milk storage Metal Metals act as
container germicide
a. use an iron jug as it is unbreakable.
3. Water storage Silver Silver acts as
b. use a glass jug as glass is transparent. container disinfectant
c. not use glass as glass is breakable.
4. Bucket Plastic Rust proof
d. Both a. and b.
5. Kettle handle Steel Rust proof
19. Rajat accidently mixed
water into mustard oil. Which of them are correctly classified?
Now he wants to separate p
a. 1 and 3 b. 2, 3 & 5
both liquids. He used
q c. 1, 3 and 4 d. 4 and 5
separating funnel to
separate these two liquids.
21. A mixture of sodium A

Which of the following is most likely to be A?
chloride, potassium
a. The residue of silver chloride.
chloride, ammonium
chloride and silver chloride b. The distillate of silver chloride.
is added to a beaker c. T he residue of potassium chloride,
containing water. Only sodium chloride and ammonium
silver chloride remains
chloride.
insoluble in water. The solution is filtered
as shown here. d. The filtrate of silver chloride.
19
22. There are various separating techniques used to separate variety of components based on
their characteristics.
Rahul’s science teacher asked him to separate the components of a mixture containing Iron
filings, salt, sand, sulphur and camphor. The steps to separate all
the components of this mixture are –
1. Magnetic separation
2. C
hemical as a solvent to dissolve sulphur
3. Filtration
4. Sublimation
5. Evaporation
Arrange these steps of separation in a sequence from 1 to 5.

a. 4 → 1 → 3 → 5 → 2 b. 4 → 1 → 3 → 2 → 5
c. 1 → 2 → 3 → 5 → 4 d. 1 → 3 → 4 → 5 → 2
23. Study the given table about three

24. The following objects are classified
different substances A, B, and C
according to whether they are made from
A B C materials that come from living or non-
1. Transparent Yellow in Varied colour living things.
colour and man- Things
made
2. Smooth to LustrousUsed to make

touch handles and Leather handbag Bowling ball
electrical
Mineral water
switches Soccer ball
3. Very poor Both Both thermal
Bottle cap
conductor thermal and and electrical Letter pad
electrical insulator
T
conductor P
What could be the materials A, B and C? What can object P and T be?
a. A – Water, B – Iodine, C – Iron Object P Object T
b. A – Plastic, B – Iron, C – Glass a. Rubber boots Silk scarf
c. A – Glass, B – Gold, C – Bakelite b. Porcelain mug Eraser
d. A – Glass, B – Copper, C – Plastic c. Woolen glove Aluminum pot
d. Battery Iron grill
20
25. Molly found two objects (X and Y). She did some tests to find out what material they were
made of. Here are her results.
X Y
Waterproof Yes Yes
Conductor of heat No No
Brittle Yes yes
What could the materials ‘X’ and ‘Y’ be?
X Y
a. Wood Rubber
b. Plastic Paper
c. Metal Plastic
d. Glass Ceramic
5. a b c d 12. a b c d 19. a b c d
6. a b c d 13. a b c d 20. a b c d
7. a b c d 14. a b c d 21. a b c d
21
Chapter
Changes Around Us
4
We observe variety of changes everyday in our surroundings. Some changes are
temporary while other are permanent.
Types of Changes
Reversible Irreversible Physical Chemical
Changes that are Changes that No new substances New substances

temporary and are permanent are formed. with different
can be reversed. and cannot be Eg.- Tearing of properties are
e.g.- Melting reversed. paper, cutting of formed.
of ice and ice e.g.- Curdling of wood log etc. Generally irreversible
cream milk. e.g.- Burning of
paper and clothes.
Lighting a candle shows both physical and chemical changes. It involves melting
of wax is a physical change and burning of wick and wax, a chemical change.
1. Which of the following is incorrect about a a. Burning of a piece of paper.

permanent change? b. Boiling an egg.
a. Energy is either absorbed or evolved. c. Heating wax.
b. Energy is neither absorbed d. Leaving cut fruits in open for half an
nor evolved. hour.
c. A new product is formed. 3. Rusting of an iron is an example of –
d. All of these are correct.
a. Physical change.
2. Every substance has its own characteristic b. Chemical change.
which distinguishes it from other substances. c. Biological change.
Which of the following is an example of a
physical change of a substance? d. Mechanical change.
22
4. Which of the following is true about 8. Synthesis of chemicals is an example of
characteristics of incomplete combustion? chemical changes involving change in
a. Insufficient oxygen is used to oxidize the temperature. Which of the following
the carbon. synthesis is not an example of chemical
changes involving heat?
b. Insufficient heat is supplied to burn the
coal. a. Iron sulphide from iron and sulphur.
c. Only one final product, CO2 is obtained b. Sugar in plants from CO2 and H2O.
d. All of these c. CO2 when a candle is lit.
d. Black carbon when sugar is
5. Study the Venn decomposed.
diagram. Chemical Reversible
What does ‘P’

change change 9. Kavya categorised the given phenomena
P into periodic and non-periodic changes.
represent?
Which one is not categorised correctly?
a. Burning of paper. Fast
change
b. Curdling of milk. Periodic Non-periodic
c. Heating of ammonium changes changes
chloride in a closed container.
a. Low and high Forest fire
d. Rusting of iron. tides
6. Read the given statements and choose b. Hands of a clock Tsunami
the incorrect one about decomposition of
calcium carbonate. c. Earthquakes Opening of a
morning glory
a. It is a chemical change caused by the
flower
effect of heat.
b. New products are formed after d. Day and Night Occurrence of a
decomposition. rainbow
c. Total mass of the products after
decomposition is less than that
of the reactants. 10. Observe the given changes and find what
d. The products are formed by the is common in them.
arrangement of the atoms of the I. Swinging of a swing.
reactants.
II. Rotation of the planets.
7. Which of the following statements is
III. Blinking of traffic Lights.
correct about a physical change?
a. Atoms of the reacting materials All of these are –
rearrange.
a. Chemical changes.
b. The change can be reversed easily.
b. Periodic changes.
c. Physical state of a substance changes
c. Non-periodic changes.
in a physical change.
d. Undesirable changes.
d. Both b & C
23
11. Which of the following involve(s) both 14. The changes in which heat is evolved are:
physical and chemical changes? a. Burning of wood.
a. Lighting a candle. b. Evaporation of spirit.
b. Heating ammonium chloride crystals. c. Dissolving glucose into water.
c. Cutting a tree.
d. All of these
d. All of these
15. Read the given statements
12. Which of the following does not lead to a
chemical change? I. Changes involve interaction.
a. Adding H2SO4 solution into NaOH II. Changes in state, shape and size
solution. are physical changes.
b. Placing a piece of Mg in HNO3 solution. III. All changes do not involve energy.
c. Adding Nace into H2O. IV. Dissolving sol-ammonic in water
d. Adding CaCO3 into HCl. is an exothermic change.
13. Choose the odd one out among the Choose the correct statement.
following with regard to types of changes.
a. I & II
a. Occurrence of solar eclipse. b. III & IV
b. Arrival of comets. b. I, II & III
c. Catching of common cold. d. I & IV
d. Revolution of the planets around the
Sun

16. When petrol is burnt in the presence of indirectly in many ways. Which of the
excess O2 gas, large amount of heat is following is correct about acid rain?
given off to power the engine of a car. a. The clouds become acidic, a chemical
CO2 and steam are also formed during change occurs and results into acid
this process. Which of the following rain.
statements is not correct?
b. Rainwater gets mixed with acidic non-
a. The reactant for this chemical reaction metal oxides. This chemical change
are petrol and O2 gas. causes acid rain.
b. The atoms of petrol and O2 gas
c. Rainwater gets mixed with acidic metal
rearrange to form CO2 & H2O.
oxides. This chemical change causes
c. Petrol is a non-renewable fuel because
acid rain.
its combustion is irreversible.
d. Petrol undergoes thermal d. Both a and c
decomposition to release CO2 and H2O. 18. Two processes of everyday life are given below
17. Acid rain often causes damage to buildings Dew formation Snow on hills
and monuments. It affects our lives, Process ‘P’ Process ‘Q’

24
Which of the following is incorrect about What are X and Y?
these processes? a. X – Condensation, Y – Physical change
a. Both the processes involve change in b. X – Fermentation, Y – Chemical change
molecular arrangement of water. c. X – Fermentation, Y – Physical change
b. Both the processes occur due to d. X – Precipitation, Y – Physical change
change in temperature.
20. Anvi was cooking some food. The two
c. Both the processes occur at or below 0°C. main ingredients of that food were vinegar
d. Dew point is called frost point when and baking soda. Accidentally, she used
temperature is below the freezing point. vinegar in place of water and poured it
19. Observe your surroundings. Some changes into the container containing baking soda.
and information about them are listed She observed some changes.
below. What do you infer from the incident
happened in kitchen?
Actions Observation Conclusion
a. It is a physical and reversible change
1. Spreading Clothes dry Evaporation,
as baking soda can be separated by
wet clothes up in a few a physical
under the hours change took filtration method.
sun place. b. It is a chemical but reversible change
2 Baking of Cake is Evolution and baking soda can be separated by
mixture of baked to of a gas, a filtration method.
cake. eat. chemical
change c. It is a chemical but irreversible change
occurs. as gas bubbles are evolved.
3 Making Idli Amount ‘X’, and ‘Y’ d. It is a physical but irreversible change
batter using of mixture changes as no change is observed.
rice and increased. occur.
urad dal.
21. A student is carrying out an experiment Choose the correct one.

by putting an algae in water under
sunlight. After some time, the student a. Waxy skin prevents exposure of CO2
observes the formation of water bubbles. to the flesh of fruit and so prevents a
Which gas is contained in these bubbles? chemical change.
b. Waxy skin prevents exposure of NO2
a. CO2 b. O2 to the flesh of fruit and so prevents
c. N2 d. H2O a chemical change.
22. “The flesh of some fruits, such as apples, c. Waxy skin prevents exposure of O2
turns brown after their waxy skin is cut.” to the flesh of fruit and so prevents
a chemical change.
A student wrote a few of the reasons and
conclusions behind this as shown here. d. Both a and b.
25
23. In an experiment, potassium chloride crystals are dissolved in water as shown here.
26°C
Potassium
chloride Dissolve 16°C
Potassium
Water chloride
solution
Study the given diagrams and choose the most appropriate conclusion drawn from this
observation.
a. Dissolving a salt always leads to a chemical change.
b. Dissolving potassium chloride is an endothermic change.
c. Dissolving potassium chloride is an exothermic change.
d. A chemical change always leads to a change in temperature.
24. Observe the given experimental set-up.
A student draws some conclusions based on his observation.
I. It is a physical change
II. It involves a chemical change as ammonium chloride decomposed
into new substances.
III. T his technique can be used to separate a mixture common salt
and ammonium chloride.
Which of the following options is correct?
a. Only I b. I and II c. II and III d. I, II and III
26
25. Observe the given diagram of water cycle.
Read the given statements about P, Q, R, S and choose the correct one.
Q S
P Q R S
a. Heat energy absorbed Heat energy evolved Heat energy absorbed Heat energy evolved
b. Heat energy evolved Heat energy evolved Heat energy absorbed Heat energy absorbed
c. Heat energy evolved Heat energy absorbed Heat energy absorbed Heat energy evolved
d. Heat energy absorbed Heat energy absorbed Heat energy evolved Heat energy evolved
5. a b c d 12. a b c d 19. a b c d
6. a b c d 13. a b c d 20. a b c d
7. a b c d 14. a b c d 21. a b c d
27
Chapter
Plants and Animals
5
Plants
•
Water comes out of the leaves in the form of vapour. This is called
transpiration.
• Roots absorb water and minerals from the soil. Roots are of two types -
tap roots and fibrous roots.
• Plants having reticulate venation have tap roots, while plants having
leaves with parallel venation have fibrous roots.
• Parts of a flower are sepals, petals, stamens and pistil. Pistil has stigma,
style and ovary. Parts of stamen are anther and filament.
• A transport system is needed in a plant to ensure that every plant part
receives the important substances like food, water and minerals. Plants
need water and minerals to carry out the process of photosynthesis.
• Plants have two systems for transportation. They are Xylem and phloem
• Xylem transports water and solutes from the roots to the and other
plant parts.
• Phloem transports food from the leaves to the rest of the plant.
Animals
Vertebrates Invertebrates
eg. starfish,
have backbone made of insects, flies etc. lack of backbone
bones and
Example ligaments. Ball and socket joint
Pivot joint
Human has Skeleton Gliding joint
Hinge joint
helps in body Saddle joint
movement with help of Joints Condyloid joint
28
1. Sam tied a polythene bag around a leaf of other parts of the plants.
a plant. He observed the leaf after some c. There are two different sets of tubes.
time and found that the water droplets d. They store excess food for the plants.
have appeared on it. This is because of
________. 5. Why are animals important to humans?
a. Perspiration
I. They provide humans with food.
b. Transpiration
II. They help humans do work.
c. Evaporation
III. They provide humans with materials.
d. Condensation
IV. They cannot harm humans.
2. Which of the following leaves have
reticulated venation? Choose the correct option.
a. Tulsi and wheat. a. I & II b. I & III
b. Maize and grass. c. I, II & III d. All of these
c. Wheat and china rose. 6. There are rotting leaves, plant eaters &
d. Tulsi and china rose. animal eaters in a leaf litter. If all the animal
eaters are removed, which one of the graphs
3. Match the following and choose the correct
would better represent the situation?
answer from the options given below:
amount of
Column I Column II rotting leaves amount of
i. Sepals A. Loss of water in the Plant eaters rotting leaves
population Plant
form of water vapour a. b. eaters
ii. Transpiration B. Part of a flower population
iii. Grass C. Flattened part of the

leaf
amount of
iv. Lamina D. Parallel venation rotting leaves amount of
c. d. rotting leaves
a. i – A; ii – B; iii – D; iv – C Plant eaters

Plant eaters population
b. i – C; ii – A; iii – D; iv – B
population
c. i – B; ii – A; iii – D; iv – C
d. i – A; ii – D; iii – B; iv – C
7. Compare the features of a praying mantis
4. Which of the following statements about and a termite.
the tiny tubes in a stem is false?
a. They carry water and mineral salts
from the roots to the leaves.
b. They carry food from the leaves to the praying mantis termite
29
In what way(s), they are similar? 10. Vaisalli took some gram seeds for the
a. They feed on the same type of food. purpose of germinating them. She put the
seeds on a wet cotton wool. After two days
b. They have the same number of legs. the seeds germinated but she was not able
c. They move in the same way. to pull out the seeds from the cotton wool.
d. All of these This is because –
8. The diagram a. Seeds need warmth from the cotton
here shows the wool bed.
cross- section of b. By now, the seeds are used to the
a stem under the cotton wool.
microscope. c. The new roots have tiny root hairs
Which of the which cling to the cotton wool.
following is correct about the function of P d. Seeds get their nutrition from the
and Q? cotton wool.
a. P and Q are tiny tubes.
11. Some radioactive waste leaked out from
b. These help to transport water and a landfill and contaminated a river. The
mineral salt from the roots. river water was used to water plants in a
c. These help to transport food from the nearby farm. If we examine the stems of
leaves to the other parts of plants. those plants where would you expect to
d. All of these find radioactive substances?
9. Observe the experiment shown here with a. Phloem tubes in the stem.
a leaf of a plant and choose the correct b. Xylem tubes in the stem.
option. c. In both xylem and phloem tubes
in the stem.
d. None of them.
12. Look at the models of an arm that Ravi made.

The above test demonstrates that: What does his model demonstrate?
a. Leaves get the starch from chlorophyll. A. Muscles in the arm work in pairs.
b. Starch is essential for the presence of B. The arm is only made of bones and
chlorophyll. muscles.
c. Iodine reacts with the leaf and forms C. The arm can bend and straighten.
blue black colour.
d. Leaves make their food as starch.
30
a. A and B only b. B and C only a. Only I
c. A and C only d. A, B and C b. Only II
13. Lizard and snakes in deserts like to stay in c. Only III
the shades of plants or rock to ________ . d. Only IV
a. Attract the females. 15. Study the given flow chart
b. Avoid too much heat from the direct
‘X’ is
sunlight.
c. Reduce heat loss to their surroundings.
a behavioural a deep, long sleep
d. Hibernate.
adaptation for coping by some animals
14. The diagram shown below shows a process with low temperature during winter.
taking place in a green plant. Identify the
What happens when an animal adapts ‘X’
arrow which is wrongly labelled?
during winters?
IV a. It becomes less active.
Sunlight
b. Its heart rate slows down.
III c. It survives through the cold winter
Carbon dioxide without eating.
Water and II
mineral salt
I
d. All of these
Sugar

16. Farmers use ladybirds to control aphids food scraps left behind by the shark. The
that damage plants by spreading plant shark is neither benefited nor harmed from
diseases. Why can lady birds be used to this relationship.”
control aphids biologically? What type of relationship is this?
a. Aphids are food consumers. a. Mutualism b. Commensalism
b. Ladybirds are food consumers. c. Parasitism d. Predator-prey
c. Ladybirds are the predators of aphids. 18. Yesha is doing an experiment. She put a
d. Aphids are the predators of ladybirds. leaf in a glass of red coloured water for two
days. After two days, she observes that the
17. red colour has moved through the leaf. It
followed the pattern of the leaf veins and
has spread throughout the leaf. What do
you conclude from Yesha’s experiment?
I. The leaf contains tubes that transport
water.
Read the given paragraph. II. The red colour water from the glass
“A remora fish attaches itself under a shark moves through these tubes to all parts
to obtain free transportation. It feeds on the of the leaf.
31
a. Only I b. Only II 20. Desmond had his
c. Both I and II d. None of these knees and elbows
wrapped around
19. A farmer planted some vegetables in a with stiff corrugated
plot of land. This land had certain minerals cardboard.
in the soil which made the groundwater He was asked to
taste bitter. How will this affect the taste move around the
of the vegetables? room. However, he
a. It will not affect the taste of the found great difficulty
vegetables because the roots only take in doing so.
in water from the soil. What was the purpose of this activity?
b. Only the roots of the vegetables will a. T o show that muscles are needed for
taste bitter because they grow in the soil. movement.
c. Only the roots and stems of the b. To show that joints are essential for our
vegetables will taste bitter because body to move.
they contain tiny tubes which transport
c. To show that the framework of our
water and mineral salts.
body consists of many bones.
d. The entire vegetable will taste bitter
d. To show that the hard structure in our
because the tiny tubes in the stem
body gives it shape.
transport the bitter water from the
roots to all the parts of the plant.
21. Study the given chart. 22. Tom filled three jars of the same size with
X the same amount of water. He put two small
plants of similar size in jar B and jar C. He
examples
poured a layer of oil on the water surface
of jar C. Then he placed all the jars near an
Animal Animals Plants depend
open window.
droppings depend on on animals
make the soil plants for for pollination
fertile for oxygen, food, and seed
healthy plant shelter and dispersal. Water Layer of oil
growth. protection. Water
What could ‘X’ be? Jar A Jar B Jar C

a. Factors that affect population size.
b. Factors that affect survival of an
organism. The result of his experiment are recorded
c. Interdependence of living organisms. in the given table.
d. Living situation/conditions in a habitat.
32
Jar A Jar B Jar C statement(s) is/are correct about this
plant?
Volume of water 225 ml 225 ml 225 ml
at the beginning I. The plant will die after one week
because the tiny tubes transporting
Volume of water 200 ml 165 ml 190 ml water and minerals from the roots
after 2 days have been broken.

Which jar shows that roots take in water? II. Its leaves cannot carry out
photosynthesis.
a. Jar A
III. If new leaves do not grow, the bottom
b. Jar B
half of the plants will also die.
c. Jar C
IV. The plant will not die because it
d. All of these contains tiny tubes transporting food
23. During a thunderstorm, from the leaves.
a strong wind caused a. I and II
a young plant to break b. II and III
as shown in the figure.
c. III and IV
Which of the following
d. I, II and III
24. Observe the given diagrams
P Q R S
Identify P, Q, R, S. Where are they found in human body?

P Q R S
a. Pivot joint - Found in Hinge joint - Found in Gliding joint - Found in Synovial joint - Found
neck wrist hip joints in neck
b. Ball & socket - Found Hinge joint - Found in Gliding joint - Found in Synovial joint - Found
in shoulder wrist hip joints in neck
c. Hinge joint - Found in Ball and socket - Found in Pivot joint - Found in Gliding joint - Found in
elbow knee hip and shoulder joints neck carpals of wrist
d. Hinge joint - Found in Gliding joint - Found in Ball & socket - Found Pivot joint - Found in
elbow knee carpals of wrist in shoulder and hip between the radius
joints and ulna
33
25. Study the classification chart shown below.
Animals
Group A Group B Group C

Back swimmer, Water boatman Dolphin, Seal Duck, Frog
Identify the possible headings for A, B and C.
Group A Group B Group C

a. Flippers Oar-like hind legs Webbed feet
b. Flippers Webbed feet Oar-like hind legs
c. Oar-like hind legs Flippers Webbed feet
d. Oar-like hind legs Webbed feet Flippers
5. a b c d 12. a b c d 19. a b c d
6. a b c d 13. a b c d 20. a b c d
7. a b c d 14. a b c d 21. a b c d
34
Chapter
Motion and Measurement
6
Motion
• Movement of an object from one place to another place with respect to an
stationary objecte is called motion.
• We observe different types of motion in our surroundings.
a) Rectilinear Motion Motion in a straight line
b) Circular Motion Motion in a circular path
c) Periodic Motion Motion that repeats itself at fixed time interval
Measurement
• In ancient times, people used their body parts such as length of foot and
width of finger to measure distance. But this method of measurement was
not accurate.
• Now we use SI units (International system of units).
• SI units of distance (length, width, height) is metre (m), that of time is
second (s) and that of temperature is degree Celsius (°C).
• Vernier calipers, screw gauge and measuring tapes are used to measure
distance or lengths.
• We can measure the speed of a vehicle by knowing the distance travelled
by the vehicle in per unit time.
distance (d)
• Speed(s) =
time (t)
displacement
• Velocity(v) =
time (t)
• Displacement is the shortest distance covered between two points.
• Change in velocity per unit time is called acceleration.
35
1. Which one of the following does not Change in speed
b.
express a time interval? Time taken
a. A day. Change in distance
c.
b. A second. Time taken
c. A school period. Change in displacement
d.
d. Time of the 1st bell in the school. Time taken
2. A cyclist was moving on a circular track. 6. A ball falls freely, with no air resistance, near
Which one of the following is correct the Earth’s surface. Which of the following
about the motion of the cyclist? physical quantities remains constant?
a. The direction of motion does not a. Velocity b. Speed
change.
c. Per unit distance d. Acceleration
b. The velocity of the bicycle on the track
remains constant. 7. The given diagram shows a part of Vernier
c. The acceleration of the bicycle on the scale (a scale to measure length) on a pair
track remains constant. of calipers.
d. The direction of motion changes
0 10
continuously. 4 cm 5 cm
3. A teacher asked students to find the density Which of the following readings is correct?
of a wooden block. The apparatus which the
a. 2.74 cm b. 3.74 cm
students would need for this purpose are:
c. 4.10 cm d. 4.64 cm
a. Balance and ruler.
b. Balance and stopwatch. 8. Which type of motion of an object moves at
a fixed distance from a fixed point?
c. Measuring cylinder and ruler.
d. Measuring cylinder and stopwatch. a. Periodic motion.
b. Rectilinear motion.
4. A pendulum completes 20 oscillations in
c. Circular motion.
30 seconds. How much time it will take to
complete one swing? d. Both a and b
a. 0.5 s 9. Choose the incorrect statement stated

about the types of motion.
b. 0.55 s
c. 1.5 s a. Motion of soldiers on march past is a
rectilinear motion.
d. 0.667 s
b. Every oscillatory motion is a periodic
5. Which of the following defines acceleration? motion.
Change in velocity c. A football player running after a ball is
a. a random motion.
Time taken
d. Motion of a train along a curved track
on hills is a circular motion.
36
10. 2 centimetres on a centimetre scale is 13. Which one of the following instruments is
divided into 20 equal divisions. What will used to measure the thickness of a coin?
be the least count of this scale? a. Vernier calipers. b. screw gauge.
a. 0.5 mm b. 10 mm c. Measuring tape. d. All of these
c. 1 mm d. 20 mm
14. What causes a moving body to resist a
11. Choose the correct statement. change in its state of motion?
a. Dust particles in the air show random a. Speed of the moving body.
motion. b. Weight of the moving body.
b. A span was considered to be half a cubit. c. acceleration of the moving body.
c. Motion of a wheel on axle is an example d. Inertia of the moving body.
of rotatory motion.
d. All of these 15. Study the given diagram.
An object moves on
12. A boy drops a ball from the window this track and the
of the 2nd story of a house. Which of starting point is ‘A’. A 2m 2m B
the following graphs best describes the O
Which of the following
motion of the ball? statements is inferred
incorrectly?
distance
distance
a. If the object completes one circle from

a. b. A to A, the displacement becomes zero.
Time Time b. If the object completes one circle from
A to A, the distance covered is 12.56 m.
distance
distance
c. The direction of the moving body

changes at every point.
c. d.
d. The distance and displacement covered
Time
on this track can be calculated using
Time
the mathematical expression 2π2.

16. Three students P, Q and R were running on the same track.
A student presented their speed on a graph as shown here.
P
Who among them was running at the minimum speed?
Q
distance
a. P R
b. Q
c. R
d. All three are moving at the same speed time
37
17. Anita was playing with a guitar. She He tabulated data as given below.
observed the types of motion while Situations Volume
playing strings of a guitar. (cm3)
Which of the following types of motion did Volume of water without the stone 38
she observe? Volume of water after dipping the X
a. Oscillatory and vibratory. stone
b. Oscillatory and random. Volume of water displaced by the 8
stone
c. Vibratory and random.
Volume of the stone Y
d. Vibratory and rotational.
Find out the value of ‘X’ and ‘Y’
18. Deepu, while riding a horse, falls back
when suddenly the horse starts running. a. X = 42 cm3 & Y = 4 cm3
Why does he fall back? b. X = 50 cm3 & Y = 8 cm3
a. The horse pushes him back. c. X = 46 cm3 & Y = 8 cm3
b. It happens because of Inertia of rest. d. X = 48 cm3 & Y = 10 cm3
c. The horse pushes him forward. 20. Match Column A with Column B.
d. It happens because of Inertia of motion. Column A Column B
19. A student wanted to find the volume of I. Aeroplane p. Quintal
a stone. He used the water displacement II. Packet of Salt q. Kilogram
method for this purpose. III. Sack of Rice r. Grams
Thread IV. Huge bag of soil s. Milligrams
50 50
V. Antibiotic tablet t. Metric ton
40 40
30 30
Stone
Choose the correct option:
20 20
10
Water
10
Water a. I-q, II-p, III-s, IV- t, V- r

Before After b. I-t, II-r, III-q, IV- p, V- s
c. I- q, II- p, III- t, IV- s, V- r
d. I-t, II-r, III- p, IV- q, V- s
21. A centimetre ruler is used to measure the 22. One oscillation of a swinging pendulum
height of a pile of similar blocks as shown occurs when the bob moves from point ‘A’
here. to ‘B’ and back to ‘A’ again.
What is the height of one
of these blocks? Which of the following
20
In centimetre
is the most accurate

a. 5 cm 15 way to measure the
b. 6.23 cm 10 time for one oscillation
c. 3.33 cm 5
of the pendulum?
A B
d. 3.7 cm 0
38
a. Measure the time of 20 oscillations and filter paper of Glass tube
funnel
multiply it by 20. 700 ml
600 ml
b. Measure the time of 20 oscillations and

500 ml
400 ml
300 ml 400 ml
300 ml
divide it by 20.
300 ml
200 ml 200 ml
200 ml
100 ml
100 ml 100 ml
c. Measure the time of 1 oscillation.

a. 2.5 litre b. 500 ml
d. Measure the motion from point ‘A’ to
‘B’, and double it. c. 520 ml d. 700 ml
23. The given graph shows the movement 25. Study the given Venn diagram. What could
of a vehicle over a period of 50 seconds. be A, B and C?
Calculate the distance travelled by the
vehicle during the time when it was Circular Periodic
A
moving at a steady speed? motion motion
15 B
C
Rotatory
speed (m/s)
motion
10
A B C
5 a. Motion of the Hands of a Motion of
earth around clock the earth
the Sun around its
0 own axis
10 20 30 40 50
time (s) b. Motion of the Kids A flying
moon around playing in a bird
a. 10 m b. 100 m the earth playground
c. 200 m d. 400m c. Hands of a Revolution of Rotation
clock the planets of the
24. If liquids of containers A and B are poured around the planets
in the container ‘C’ What would be the Sun
approximate resultant volume of the liquid d. Rotation of the Hands of a A train
in container ‘C’? stearing of the clock running on
car a track
5. a b c d 12. a b c d 19. a b c d
6. a b c d 13. a b c d 20. a b c d
7. a b c d 14. a b c d 21. a b c d
39
Chapter
Electrical System
7
⇒ Arrangement that provides a complete path for electricity to pass (current
to flow) is known as an electric circuit.
simple electric circuit can be made by a bulb, a wire and an electric
A
cell. It has two ends; a positive terminal and a negative terminal. A wire is
connected from the positive terminal to the negative terminal of the cell
and the bulb is connected to the wire so that the current can flow through
the bulb.
An electric cell is a device that converts chemical energy into electrical
⇒
energy. It has two metal plates indicating two terminals, negative and
positive. It has chemical inside it. When the two terminals of the bulb are
connected with that of electric cell by wires, a current passes through the
filament of the bulb and it makes the bulb glow.
A dry cell is a cylindrical device in which a number of chemicals are stored.
⇒
It contains a metal cap on one side, called positive terminal and a metal
sheet at the other side, called negative terminal. It produces electric
current from the chemicals stored inside it.
⇒ An electric bulb is a device which produces light using electrical energy.
The filament of an electric bulb gets heated when electric current passes
through it to an extent that it starts glowing
1. Which of the following statements is correct b. There is a break in the path of the
about the circuit shown in the figure? current.
c. It will not glow as no current passes
through its filament.
d. All of these
2. One of the two thicker wires, which
provides support to the filament, is
connected directly to_________.
a. The filament of the bulb is broken.
40
a. The metal case at the base of the bulb 5. Which letter, P, Q, R or S represents the
and the other to the metal tip at the negative end of the battery?
centre of the base.
P
b. The positive terminal of the electric cell Q
and the other to the negative terminal
of the electric cell. R
c. The positive terminal of the electric
portable generator and the other to S
the negative terminal
a. P b. Q
d. Both the positive and negative
terminals of the electric sockets c. R d. S
6. Which of the following is incorrect about
3. Identify which of the two bulbs will not an electric circuit shown here?
glow and why?
X Y I. In ‘ON’ position, the switch allows the

current to flow through the circuit.
a. Y will not glow because its filament is
joined. II. The first figure is that of a closed circuit.
III. In ‘OFF’ position, the switch does not
b. X will not glow because its filament is
allow current to flow through the circuit.
broken.
IV. The second figure is that of an open
c. Y will not glow because its filament is circuit.
broken.
a. I and II b. II and III
d. X will not glow because its filament is c. I, II, III and IV d. Only IV
joined.
4. Look at the diagram and correct about a switch?
A
identify the parts labelled I. Because of it only, we are able to turn
as A, B and C. on or off any electrical appliance.
a. A- Filament, B- Metal C
II. When the switch is in ‘on’ mode, the
tip, C- Metal casing. B circuit gets completed and thus, electric
current flows through the circuit.
b. A- Copper wire, B- Metal tip, C- Metal III. When it is in ‘off’ mode, the circuit
casing. breaks and thus, electric current does
c. A- Filament, B- Metal casing, C- Metal tip. not flow through the circuit.
d. A- Copper wire, B- Metal casing, a. I, II and III b. II and III
C- Metal tip. c. Only I d. None of the above
41
8. What will happen, if the metal case at the Conductors of Non-conductors of
base and the metal tip at the centre of electricity electricity
the base of the bulb are connected to the
positive terminal of a cell? a. Plastic plate Wooden table
a. The bulb will glow. b. Steel cable Plastic spoon
b. The bulb will not glow.
c. Wet cotton glove Glass tray
c. The circuit is complete.
d. Current will get a complete path to flow. d. Rubber shoe Aluminium strip

9. The brightness of a bulb depends on _____.
I. How the batteries are arranged. 13. A bird is sitting on a current-flowing electrical
II. The number of batteries used. wire, getting ready to fly. Why does it NOT get
electrocuted?
III. How the other bulbs in the circuit are
arranged. a. The bird does not have any resistance.
a. Only I b. I and II b. The bird is too small to get electrocuted.
c. II and III d. I, II and III c. The bird will get electrocuted once it flies.
d. The bird’s two feet have the same potential.
10. Dona sets up the circuit as shown below.
Identify which of the bulbs will light up? 14. Look at the labelled diagram of an electric
bulb. Identify the parts made of metal.
a. A & B A
A D b. C & D B
c. A, C & D C
B C D
d. A & D
a. A and B b. B and D
c. C and D d. All of these 15. The diagram shows the back of a circuit
card. The line drawn shows how paper
11. There are two substances namely A and clips are connected by the wires. John
B. A allows electricity to pass through it uses a battery, a bulb, and some wires to
while B does not. Which of the following test each pair of clips.
statements is true about A and B?
a. A is a conductor while B is an insulator
b. A and B are conductors.
c. A and B are insulators.
d. B is a conductor while A is an insulator.
12. Which of the following shows correct
classification of the items shown in the table? Which of the following pair will light up
the bulb?
Rubber Copper Wet cotton
shoe Jug gloves a. A and D
Plastic Wooden Glass b. A and C
plate table tray
c. A and E
Steel Aluminium Leather
d. B and D
cable stripe jacket
42
16. Naisha sets up the following experiment What will happen when the electric circuit
to test whether electricity can pass will be switched on?
through various materials. a. The water will heat up.
How does the thin copper wire and the
b. The bulb will fuse.
rubber wire feel after sometimes?
c. Both a and b.
d. None of these
19. Alloys are usually used in electrical heating
devices because:
a. Copper wire- cold, rubber wire- no
change in temperature. a. Resistivity of an alloy is generally higher
than that of the constituent elements.
b. Copper wire- hot, rubber wire- no
change in temperature. b. Alloys oxidize readily at high
temperature.
c. Copper wire- no change in
temperature, rubber wire- no change c. Alloys are bad conductors of heat.
in temperature. d. Alloys do not have free electrons.
d. Copper wire- hot, rubber wire- hot. 20. Jayant sets up the electric circuit as shown
17. Tiya connected four electrical appliances below. What will happen when the switch
to an electrical socket. Identify the is turned on?
dangers of this arrangement. Batteries
I. This may cause the socket to over Bulb

heat. Switch Copper
Iron rod
II. This may cause the socket to start a fire. Thumbtack
III. This cannot harm any of the electrical Copper wire
devices and the socket.
a. I and II b. II and III a. The iron rod becomes a strong and a
c. I, II and III d. I and III permanent magnet
18. Study the diagram shown below and b. Nothing will happen as the circuit
answer the following question. shown is an open circuit
c. The thumbtack moves towards the
iron rod and touches it before the bulb
lights up.
d. The bulb lights up before the thumbtack
moves towards the iron rod and touches
it.
43
21. Complete the following graphic organiser by What happens to the bulb when the fifth
choosing the appropriate option from the battery was added to the circuit?
ones shown below. a. It reaches its limit and fused.
b. It continues to glow.
c. It blasts with explosive sound.
d. None of them.
23. P, Q, R and S are objects placed in the circuit

shown below. A, B and C are switches. The
table shows what would happen when the
switches are closed.
a. I- Closed,
II- Open, III- Switches, IV- Wires A
P
b. I- Open, II- Closed, III- Switches,
IV- Wires B
Q C
c. I- Closed, II- Open, III- Wires,
IV- Switches
d. I- Closed, II- Wires, III- Switches,
IV- Battery S R
22. Jiya sets up an experiment as shown
below. She repeats the experiment with
different number of batteries. The results
of this experiment are represented by the
graph shown below Switch(es) closed Bulb is lit
Bulb
A Yes
B No
I.
C No
Battery
A and C Yes
Switch
Choose the correct option for P, Q, R and S.

a. Object P – conductor
b. Object Q – Insulator
II.
c. Object R – cannot tell
d. All of these
44
24. Study the following circuits. 25. The given diagram shows a circuit set up
by Mr. Verma using two batteries and a
bulb. He connects a copper rod, C1 to the
circuit ends, X and Y and observes the
brightness of the bulb. He then repeats
the experiment with the remaining copper
Circuit X Circuit Y rods, C2 and C3.
What are the advantages of connecting
two bulbs as shown in circuit Y as
compared to circuit X? X Y
a. In circuit Y, the two bulbs can be c1

switched on and off separately. c2
c3
b. If one of the bulb fuses, the other
bulb will still light up when circuit Y is In this experiment, what is the variable
closed. that is changed?
c. The bulb in circuit Y will shine more a. The thickness of the copper rod.
brightly than the bulbs in circuit X b. The hardness of the copper rod.
d. All of the above c. The filament of bulb.
d. The brightness of the bulb.
5. a b c d 12. a b c d 19. a b c d
6. a b c d 13. a b c d 20. a b c d
7. a b c d 14. a b c d 21. a b c d
45
Chapter
Fun with Magnets
8
⇒ T he substance having the property of attracting iron is known as magnet.
Magnetite is a natural magnet.
• The materials which get attracted towards a magnet are magnetic
materials. For example, iron, cobalt, etc.
• Materials which are not attracted towards a magnet are non-magnetic
materials. For example, plastic, glass, etc.
• A magnet has two poles, north pole and south pole. Same poles of two
magnets repel each other. Opposite poles of two magnets attract each
other.
• Magnetic compass is a small box with glass cover. It consists of a
magnetised needle, which rotates freely and indicates north and south
directions, when it comes to rest.
• Magnets lose their property if they are heated, hammered, dropped
from some height or not stored properly.
1. Fill in the blanks and mark the correct option. one possible explanation for this?
Magnets can exert a force of _____or a. The north poles of both the magnets
attraction on other magnets, and magnets are facing each other.
have _____ poles, _____ and south. Unlike b. One of the magnet is made of gold.
poles _____ each other while _____ poles c. The north pole of one of the magnet is
repel each other. facing the south pole of the other magnet.
a Repulsion, three, north, attract, like d. None of these.
b. Repulsion, two, north, attract, like
c. Repulsion, two, east, attract, like 3. Which parts of the horse-
shoe magnet have the
d. Repulsion, four, west, attract, like strongest pull on some pins?
2. Two magnets are placed next to each a. A and B b. C and D
other and they repel each other. What is c. A, B and C d. A, B and D
46
4. A magnet is broken into three pieces. attract each other, what will happen to the
iron bars?
If B is the N-pole, which one of the following

correctly shows the poles at A and C?
A C
a. N-pole S-pole a. Nothing will happen.
b. S-pole N-pole b. Q and R will drop off.
c. N-pole N-pole c. Q and R will repel each other.
d. S-pole S-pole d. P and S will attract Q and R.
5. Which of the following is correct when a 8. Four pieces of bar magnets are put
copper ring is moved towards the north together and their ends are marked as
pole of a bar magnet? shown in the diagram.
a. The ring will not move. When two magnets are brought close
together, then which of the following
b. The ring will tend to get warm. diagram shows the correct interaction?
c. The ring will tend to get cold.
d. None of these.
6. In the given diagram, a magnet is being
used to pick up a steel bar. The North-pole
of the magnet is close to the center Q of
the steel bar as shown. What are the poles
a.
induced in the steel bar at P, Q and R?
b.
c.
At-P At-Q At-R

a. North North North
b. North South North d.
c. South North South
d. South South South
7. Two magnets, A and B attract four soft 9. A light steel bar and a light iron bar are
iron bars, P, Q, R and S at their poles, as attracted to a magnet as shown in the
shown in the given figure. When the two figure below. What will happen when the
magnets move towards each other, and magnet is removed?
47
What do the diagrams depict?
a. O
bject A is a magnetic object but object
a. The steel and the iron bars repel each
B is not.
other.
b. Object B has exerted a pushing force
b. Both the steel and the iron bars lose
on the nails.
their magnetism.
c. Magnetic forces can pass through object
c. The steel bar retains its magnetism
A but cannot pass through object B.
while the iron bar loses its magnetism.
d. The magnet loses its magnetic strength
d. The iron bar retains its magnetism
when object B is attracted to it.
while the steel bar loses its magnetism.
13. Gary places a sheet of paper between a
10. Lines of magnetic force:
pin and a magnet.
P. Never cross over. The pin is attracted to the magnet.
Q. Always go from north to south. Then Gary places more and more sheets
R. Are closer together when the magnetic of similar paper between the pin and the
field is weak. magnet until the pin can no longer be
a. P, Q and R are true. attracted to the magnet.
b. P and Q are true.
c. P and R are true.
d. Only P is true. paper
pin
11. The needle of the compass is made of
magnet because: What is the aim of Gary’s experiment? He
I. It gets deflected when a magnet is wants to find out:
brought near it. a. If paper is magnetic.
II. It attracts metals. b. If the pin is magnetic.
III. It comes to rest in east-west direction. c. The part of the magnet that has the
IV. It comes to rest in north-south strongest magnetic attraction.
direction . d. The strength of the magnet.
Which of the following is correct?
14. Shubing had four fridge magnets of similar
a. (I) only b. (II) and (III) size and shape. She tested them to see
c. (I) and (IV) d. All (I), (II), (III) and (IV) how many identical pieces of paper each
could hold to the refrigerator before
12. Study the diagram below carefully. the magnet dropped off. Her results are
recorded in the table below:
Magnet Number of pieces of paper

A B
P 3
Nails are attracted Nails are attracted Nails are not attracted
Q 2
to the horse-shoe to the magnet to the magnet when
magnet even though they they are separated by R 8
are separated by A. B, which is attracted
S 5
to the magnet.
48
Which of the given magnets is the weakest in strength?
a. P b. Q c. R d. S
15. Study the diagram below carefully.
String
Ring magnet
Aluminium rod

A bar magnet and an aluminium rod are placed near a suspended ring magnet. Which one of the
following is most likely to happen?
a. The ring magnet remains where it is.
b. The ring magnet is attracted to the bar magnet.
c. The ring magnet attracts the aluminium rod.
d. The ring magnet does not attract the aluminium rod.

16. Tina wants to check that cooking utensils
made from which material are easily
attracted by a magnet. Help her in finding
the correct answer.
a. Tin
b. Copper
c. Steel
a. P, Q and S only
d. Aluminum
b. P, R and S only
17. Which of the following does not contain a c. Q, R and S only
magnet?
d. P, Q, R and S
a. Direction compass
19. Rita wants to find out whether a nail is
b. A metro card
magnetized or not. She takes the nail near
c. A credit card a magnet, a compass and a paper clip. She
d. None of these records her observations as shown below.
18. Ravi has a bar magnet but he does I. Nail repels one end of the magnet.
not know which end is the north pole. II. Nail attracts one end of the magnet.
Identify the ways through which he can III. Nail attract paper clip.
find that out. IV. Nail causes the compass needle to
move.
49
Which of the following observation(s) I. The screw is probably made of iron
is/are correct? II. The screwdriver has been magnetized
a. Only (I) III. The screwdriver has been dropped
b. Only (I) and (III) repeatedly
c. Only (II) and (IV) a. I and II
d. All (I), (II), (III) and (IV) b. I and III
c. II and III
20. The picture shows a
screw sticking on to the d. I, II and III
screwdriver. Which of the
following statements are true?
21. Look at the diagram shown below. 22. Which of the following arrangements is
correct for a magnetized substance?
a.
b.
c.
Which of the electromagnets will attract

the same number of paper clips?
a. P and Q only
b. P and R only d.
c. Q and R only
d. P, Q and R
50
23. A piece of paper is placed over a bar 25. Rohan suspended a bar magnet on a
magnet and some iron filings are sprinkled string as shown in the diagram below. He
on the paper. Which of the following brought 3 bar-shaped objects A, B and
patterns is made by the iron filings ? C towards the bar magnet. He placed
the ends of each object, X and Y, near
the North pole of the bar magnet and
recorded his observations in the table
a. b.
below.
String
S N X Y
c. d. Bar magnet Object
Object X brought near Y brought near

24. The following diagrams shows the magnetic to N pole to N pole
field lines around a bar magnet. Which one A N pole N pole
is the correct representation of magnetic repelled. attracted.
lines? B N pole was N pole was
attracted. attracted.
C N pole remains N pole remains
P. Q stationary. stationary.
a. A only
b. B only
R. S. c. C only
d. A and B only
a. P b. Q
c. R d. S
5. a b c d 12. a b c d 19. a b c d
6. a b c d 13. a b c d 20. a b c d
7. a b c d 14. a b c d 21. a b c d
51
Chapter
Light Shadow and
9 Reflection
⇒ Visible light is the light that can be seen by humans
• The speed of light in vacuum is 299,792,458 metres per second
• Light travels in a straight line.
• If we are able to see clearly through an object, it is said to be a

transparent object. Example-glass and water.
• There are some objects through which we can see but not clearly.
Such objects are known as translucent objects. Example- tracing
paper
• If we cannot see through an object at all, it is an opaque object.

Example -wood, plastic box, etc.
• When an opaque object is placed in the path of light, a dark portion is

formed on the opposite side of the object. This dark portion is called
shadow.
• A pinhole camera can be made with simple materials like cardboard,

tracing paper, etc. It can be used to capture the sun and brightly lit
objects
• Light rays reflected from parts of our body fall on mirror and are
reflected back. When these reflected rays reach our eyes (reflected
on our retina), we can see the image in the mirror.
52
1. Which of the following gives out light? Observation Conclusion

I. Diamond II. Moon a. The candle flame Light travels in
III. Star IV. Lightning could be seen all directions
a. I and II b. III and IV b. The candle flame Light can travel
could be seen round
c. I, II and III d. II, III and IV
c. The candle flame Light cannot
2. Which of the following absorbs the most could not be seen pass through
light? d. The candle flame Light travels in
a. Green crayon b. White crayon could not be seen straight lines
c. Red crayon d. Black crayon 6. What is the emerging light colour when
3. The diagram shows a ray of light striking white light passes, first through a red filter
on a mirror. Which ray and then through a blue filter?
A
correctly represents the a. Red b. Blue

ray that is reflected from B D c. Purple d. No light will emerge
the mirror? C
7. Which of the following surfaces will
a. A b. produce a diffused reflection?
B
a. A pane of glass.
c. C d. D
b. A perfectly reflecting mirror.
4. Rosy wants to reflect a ray of light into a c. A horizontal wall.
screen. In which position should she place d. A concave mirror.
the torch?
Position C
8. Which of the following is correct about
Screen umbra and penumbra?
a. Umbra is darker than penumbra.
Position B
b. Umbra and penumbra refer to the
Position D Mirror
Position A
same region.
c. Umbra can become penumbra
a. Position A b. Position B
depending on the amount of light.
c. Position C d. Position D
d. Umbra and penumbra are affected by
5. Joseph used a bent straw to look at the Earth’s rotation.
the candle flame. Which one of the
9. Which of the following is/are the
observations and conclusions is correct?
properties of a real image?
a. A real image can be focused on a screen.
Straw
Straw
b. A real image is always upright.
Candle
Candle c. A real image is always inverted.
d. All of these
53
10. Shadows are formed because light ______. 13. Sunil lined up three objects in front of a
I. Travels in a straight line. light source as shown below.
II. Can reflect from shiny surfaces.
III. Can be absorbed by objects.
Golf ball
IV. Cannot pass through opaque objects.
a. I only b. I and IV Torch
Brick Clear, blue Screen
cellophone
c. II and III d. III and IV paper
11. A torch was used to shine at an opaque Which shadow is most likely to be seen on
cone from four different directions as the screen when the torch is switched on?
shown in the diagrams below. a. b.
c. d.
14. X Y Z
Glass Tracing paper Wood
Clear plastic White cloth Metal
Which of the following belongs to group Y?
How many different kinds of shadow were a. Frosted glass
formed on the screen in the situations b. Black construction paper
shown above? (Ignore the difference in size)
c. Ceramics
a. 1 b.
2 d. Pure water
c. 3 d.
4
15. Which of the following is the correct
12. The diagram below shows the positions of diagram when light passes through a piece
the shadow cast by a stick at four different of glass?
times during a day. Match the shadow to
the correct time.
N
a.
b.
A B C D
c.
9
12 noon 2 p.m. 5 p.m.
a.m.
a. C B A D
b. A D B C d.
c. D A B C
d. A D C B
54
16. Look at the diagram shown here carefully. 19. Mike looked at the cat through three
What is the least number of mirrors Jiya different materials X, Y and Z. He drew
needs to see the apple? what he could see as shown below.
Which of the following correctly describes
the materials?
Cat
a. 1 b.
2
c. 3 d. 4
17. Which of the following shadows are cast in
the correct direction in the morning sun ? Material X Material Y Material Z
C Materials
X Y Z
B
E a. Opaque Translucent Transparent
D b. Transparent Opaque Translucent

A
c. Translucent Transparent Opaque
a. A and C b. A and D
d. Transparent Translucent Opaque
c. B and E d. B, C and E
18. Dev moved his pencil from position X to 20. A soccer ball is placed in an open field on
position Y. Which one of the following a sunny day. The shadow of the ball is cast
correctly describes the shadow casted by the on the ground as shown below.
pencil at each position?
III II
Left Right
IV I
Position X Position Y
Position X Position Y Which position is the sun most likely to be?

a. On the left Directly under a. Only I
b. On the right On the left b. Only II
c. On the left On the right c. Only III
d. Directly under On the right d. Only IV
55
21. The given picture shows the set up of an III. Light will travel with the same speed
experiment. inside and outside the glass.
IV. None of the above
Screen a. Only I b. I and II
Light source
Mug
c. I, II and III d. Only IV
24. Nancy and Nisha were sitting around a
Which one of the following is the shadow round table. They noticed that they could
formed on the screen? see their own and each other’s images
onto the table top. Then table top is made
a. b.
of
a. Unpolished wood, covered with white
c. d.
cloth.
b. Polished glass of red colour.
22. Which of the following graphs correctly
shows the length of a shadow formed c. Glass covered with cellaphane paper.
from at 6 a.m. to 12 noon? d. Smoked glass covered with green
6 a.m.
6 a.m.
6 a.m.
6 a.m. 6 a.m.
6 a.m.
6 a.m.
6 a.m.
colour cloth.
a. b.
12 noon 12 noon 12 noon 12 noon
25. Joei conducted the
Wall
(a) (a) (b) (b)
(a) (a) (b) (b)
6 a.m.
6 a.m.
6 a.m.
6 a.m. 6 a.m. 6 a.m. following experiment. Object
c. 6 a.m.
d. 6 a.m.
12 noon 12 noon 12 noon
She moved the torch
12 noon
(c) (c) (d) (d) closer to the object.
(c) (c) (d) (d)
Which of the following is the shadow seen
23. Which of the following
by Joei?
will happen when light
travels from air to a
Wall WallWall
a. Wall b.
WallWall
Wall
Wall
piece of glass, as shown in the picture,

with an angle of incidence of 0°? Wall WallWall Wall
I. The angle of refraction will be 0°. c. Wall

d.
WallWall Wall
II. Light will go straight without bending.

5. a b c d 12. a b c d 19. a b c d
6. a b c d 13. a b c d 20. a b c d
7. a b c d 14. a b c d 21. a b c d
56
Chapter
Our Environment
10
An ecosystem is a community in a given area where living organisms

⇒
interact with each other and their immediate surroundings, including
non-living things.
• The environment, which is created by nature comprising land, water, air,

plants and animals is known as natural environment.
• Three components of the environment are natural environment, human

environment and man-made environment.
• Plants and animals are the two major components of biotic environment.
• Biosphere is a narrow zone of the earth where land, water and air
interact with each other to support life. It consists of both the plant and
animal kingdom together.
Plants and animals depend on each other for their sustainability. Animals
⇒
consume plants as they are the only producers and also take oxygen
from them. Plants are dependent on animals as animals give out carbon
dioxide which is important for photosynthesis. Also, dead remains of
animals provide nutrients to the plants.
An environment can become unfavourable by natural causes like floods,

⇒
droughts and fires. It can also become unfavourable by human activities like
air and water pollution and clearing of the forests.
57
1. Which of the following statements is 5. Decomposers are the organisms that

incorrect? play an important role in keeping our
a. Corals and urchins are found at the environment clean. Which one of the
bottom of sea. following cannot be decomposed by the
b. Abiotic components are also known as decomposers easily?
physical factors. a. Bamboo fiber
c. Algae and sea weeds are desert plants. b. Plastic bottle
d. Yak and polar bear are the animals of c. Dead body
cold habitat.
d. Insects in the soil
2. Identify the adaptation feature present in
the animal shown here. 6. The following chart shows water pollution
and its effects.
I. It has strong back legs.
II. It has webbed feet. Water pollution
III. It cannot move on land.
IV. It has a very short neck. Death of fishes X Polluted water
Complete the chart by choosing correct
c. II and IV d. I and IV option representing X.
3. Match the following: a. Jaundice b. Typhoid
Column I Column II c. Diarrhea d. All of these
I. Fish A. Loss of water in the 7. What adaptation does a grasshopper has
form of vapours which helps it to avoid being caught by its
from leaves predator?
II. Stem of cactus B. Streamlined shape I. Its taste bud.
III. Camel C. Has a waxy layer II. It can hop away quickly.
IV. Transpiration D. Does not sweat III. It can camouflage itself in the grass.
a I-C, II-D, III-B, IV-A IV. It has poisonous sting.
b. I-B, II-C, III-D, IV-A a. I and II b. II and III
c. I-C, II-A, III-B, IV-D c. I and IV d. I, II, III and IV
d. I-A, II-B, III-D, IV-C
8. Fill in the boxes P, Q, R and S correctly.
4. Sloping branches and needle-like leaves
Wastes
are adaptations shown by trees in:
a. Grasslands P Q
b. Coastal mountain ranges.
Banana peel Glass
c. Forests
Newspaper Styrofoam cups
d. High altitude mountain ranges. R S

58
P Q R S 11. ‘X’ is a gas produced from the
decomposition of biodegradable wastes.
a. Recycla- Non- recy- Waste Leather
ble clable food For what all work, can ‘X’ be used?
b. Biode- Non- bio- Paper Plastic a. Heating

gradable degradable bag plate b. Lighting
c. Cooking
c. Non- re- Recyclable Plastic Tin d. All of the above
cyclable plate
d. Non- Non- bio- Food Paper incorrect about D.D.T.?
biode- degrada- tin cup
gradable ble a. It has been widely used as a chemical
pesticide for farming.
9. The table shows the bacterial count, water b. It degrades very slowly and gets
temperature and the number of green accumulated from one tropic level to
plants and animals in the river near each another.
town. Which town is most likely to be c. Its high concentration causes adverse
situated near an unpolluted river? effect on living systems
d. None of the above
Town Bacterial Water No. of No. of
13. What condition is
tempera- green animals
required for the
ture plants
survival of the
a. Low 36°C Few Few organism shown
b. High 60°C Few Few in the given figure,
in a vermi-composting pit?
c. High 30°C Many Few
a. The presence of moisture.
d. LoW 30°C Many Many b. The surrounding should not be very hot
or very cold.
10. c. The pit waste should not contain salt,
oil, pickles, vinegar, etc.
d. All of these
These animals have a common 14. What happens to the useful components
characteristic. Which one of the following of garbage?
correctly describes them?
a. Some of the useful components are
a. They have the same adaptation for converted into compost.
breathing.
b. Aluminum wrappers can be reused as
b. They have the same adaptation for metal.
moving in the water.
c. Iron nails, etc. are removed using
c. They have the same adaptation for
cranes with magnets and reused.
catching their prey.
d. All of these
d. They have the same body covering.
59
15. Which of the following is/are incorrect about the rectangular panel shown here?
I. It is a device used to trap solar energy.
II. It reduces the use of electricity generated by fossil fuels.
III. It produces a lot of sound.
c. Only III d. Only II

16. The plastic products shown in the given
18.
figure are now posing a big problem for
us. This is because:
Non Biodegradable
Biodegradable
X Y
What all you can throw in X and Y?
a. X – Vegetable peels, Y – Waste food
b. X – Plastic bottle, Y – Newspaper
I. We are using plastics excessively and c. X – Metal can, Y – Glass window pane
irresponsibly.
d. X – Cloths, Y – Animal waste
II. We are ignorant about its proper
waste disposal. 19. Study the map shown below.
III. Plastics are non-biodegradable and Prevailing wind
Keys
cannot be converted into compost. Housing
a. I and II b. I, II and III Factory
River
c. I and III d. Only II
Forest
17. “Farmers burn dried leaves and crop
wastes to clear their fields”. Which of
these statement(s) is/are true for the The residents in the housing area noticed
above statement? that the trees in the area and much of the
aquatic animal life were dying. What could
a.
Burning of these can produce harmful
be the possible cause of this?
smoke.
I. Air pollutants coming from the
b. In winters, this burning can lead to factories dissolved in the rain water to
the formation of smog and respiratory produce acid rain.
problems even in far off places.
II. Acid rain killed the trees and the aquatic
c. This waste is biodegradable and can life.
be converted into manure instead of III. Soil erosion
burning.
a. I and II b. III only
d. All of these
c. I, II and III d. II only
60
20. Jaya lives in plains. Once she visited a high mountain. She faced difficulty in breathing on high
mountain for few days. But after few days her body got used to the changed surrounding.
What do we call this?
a. Adjustment b. Adaptation c. Acclimatization d. Inspiration
21. Waste in a city was collected and disposed of 23. The pie chart below shows the sources of
by incineration, burying or dumping. air pollution in a particular country.
Year Waste collected Waste disposed 8% Solid waste disposal

(tonnes) (tonnes) 10% others
12% Haze from
2012 5600 4600 forest fires
2015 6500 4000

25% Emissions
According to the table shown above, more from industries
and power 45% Emissions
waste was collected in 2015, yet less of it from vehicles
stations
was disposed of. What is a possible reason
for the reduced waste disposed in that Based on the pie chart, what action will
year? reduce the most amount of air pollution in
a. More waste was recycled. this country?
b. Less waste was recycled. I. Cut down more trees.
c. Waste was left untouched. II. Allocate more land for dumping rubbish.
d. None of the above III. Use energy-saving appliances.
IV. Use public transport more often.
22. Four materials M, N, O and P were buried
in soil for one month. The table below a. I and II
shows the mass of each item before and b. II and III
after one month they were buried. c. III and IV
Item Before After d. I, II and IV
M 18 g 8g 24. Study the two graphs shown below. They
N 50 g 45 g show the variation of concentration of
carbon dioxide in the air in two small towns
O 10 g 2g
P and Q over a period of five years.
P 25 g 25 g

Here the least and the most biodegradable
materials are ______ and _______
respectively.
a. M and P b. P and O
c. N and O d. M and N
61
From the information given in the graph it 25. Study the chart shown below carefully.
is possible that__________. Give a suitable option for X.
I. Town P has maintained its greenery.
II. Town Q has cut down a considerable
number of trees over the five year
period.
III. The air in Town Q has become as polluted
as the air in Town P by the fifth year a. Whale
IV Industrial activity in Town Q has b. Shark
significantly increased over the five
c. Dolphin
years.
d. Walrus
a. I only b. IV only
c. II and III only d. I, II, III and IV
5. a b c d 12. a b c d 19. a b c d
6. a b c d 13. a b c d 20. a b c d
7. a b c d 14. a b c d 21. a b c d
62
Chapter
Logical Reasoning
11
Direction for Q. No. 1 and Q. No. 2 : In the Direction for Q. No. 6 and 7: Read the given
given sentences, a four letter word is hidden information.
between two words. Identify the pair of the
words that contain the hidden word. Six friends, Ravi, Shweta, Shubham, Jyoti,
Bhawna and Pratima have different skills.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Shweta and Bhawna like football but others
1. The dutiful librarian searched for a book
like tennis. Only Pratima, Ravi and Shweta
a. 3, 4 b. 2, 3 like going abroad for their holidays. All but
c. 5, 6 d. 6, 7 Bhawna and Shubham go for piano classes.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 6. Who likes football but does not go for
2. The church in the lane was lit by a bright piano classes?
11
light a. Bhawna b. Pratima
a. 2, 3 b. 5, 6 c. Ravi d. Shubham
c. 3, 4 d. 8, 9
7. How many children like tennis and also go
Direction for Q. No. 3 and 4: Unscramble the for piano classes?
jumbled words given in the options with the a. 4 b. 2
help of the clues given.
c. 1 d. Zero
3. Clue – Sharp cutting edge
8. In the English alphabet, which letter is
a. VTIEOL b. LEDAB exactly midway between the 5th letter
c. DIAA d. ENCIDSTA from the left and 7th letter from the right?
4. Clue – Leap over a. J b. K

c. L d. M
a. GITLGHN
b. MRIAECA Direction for Q. No. 9, 10 & 11: Replace
c. UPJM question mark with suitable number.
d. LKMI 9. a. 112
2
?
b. 115
5. Replace the question mark with a suitable 3 5
number. 4 c. 120
14
d. 122
90 76 63 51 40 ?
10. a. 8C
3C 2B 4A
a. 20 b. 22 b. 12B
27A ? 64B
c. 25 d. 30 c. 16C
9C 4A 14B
d. 18C
63
11. 4 8 5
6 14 6 14 6 ?
16. ?
8 8 8
10 18 14 22 11 15
a. 6 b. 8
a. b.
c. 10 d. 12
12. In a certain code language, ‘col tip mot’
means ‘singing is appreciable’, ‘mot baj c. d.
min’ means ‘dancing is good’ and ‘tip mop
baj’ means ‘singing and dancing’. Which
of the following means ‘good’ in that code
language? 17. Find the mirror image of
a. mot b. min
c. baj d. col
a. b.
13. Choose the odd one out.
a. b.
c. d.
c. d.
18. The mirror image of QUANTITY is ________
QUANTITY
14. Introducing a lady, a man said, “Her a.
mother is the only daughter of my b. YTI T N AUQ
mother–in–law.”
T I T A Q
Y U N
c.
How is the man related to the lady? d. YTI T N AUQ
a. Father b. Uncle
19. Find the water image of OLYMPIAD
c. Son d. Husband
a.
OLYMPIAD
Direction for Q. 15 and 16 : Which shape of Y
figure on the right completes the second pair
b. O
OLY MPIA
L D
I AD
M
P
in a similar way as in the first pair? c.
YMP
d. OL IAD
15. 20. Which one of the following best
represents the given Venn diagram.
a. Body, Hand, Eatables
a. b. b. Mammal, Nurse, Woman
c. Star, Moon, Mars
d. Swimmer, Carpenter, Singer
c. d.
64
21. Choose the correct set of symbols, 27. The sum of three consecutive multiples of 3
which will fit in the blank space of is 72. What is the second largest number?
5 _ 0 _ 3 _ 5 = 20? a. 21 b. 24
a. +, – , x b. x, + , x c. 27 d. 42
c. –, +, x d. x, ÷, x 28. What is the difference between the local
values of 3 in the number 43403?
22. The minimum number of straight lines
required to make the given figure are: a. Zero b. 3030
c. 3003 d. 2997
a. 20
b. 19 29. Pointing to a girl in the photograph, Amit
c. 18 said, “Her mother’s brother is the only son
of my mother’s father.” How is the girl’s
d. 16 mother related to Amit?
23. The two positions of a dice are given below. a. Mother b. Sister
What number will be at the bottom, if 5 is c. Grandmother d. Aunt
at the top?
30. From a point ‘P’ on a level ground, the angle
a. 1 1 6 of elevation of the top of the tower is 30°.
b. 2 4 2 2 3 If the tower is 100 m high, the distance
c. 3 of point ‘p’ from the foot of the tower is
d. 6 _______ .
a. 173 m b. 180 m
24. Choose the boxes that can be formed from
c. 183 m d. 200 m
the given sheet of paper.
31. The angle of elevation of the sun, when
the length of the shadow of a tree 3
times the height the tree is _______ .
a. 90° b. 60°
P Q R S c. 45° d 30°
a. P and Q b. Q and R 32. A train passes a station platform in
c. P and R d. P, Q, R & S 42 seconds and a man standing on the
platform in 30 seconds. If the speed of the
25. If you write down all the numbers from 1 to train is 72 km/h, what is the length of the
100, then how many times do you write 3? platform?
a. 11 b. 18 a. 120 m b. 240 m
c. 20 d. 21 c. 300 m d. 350 m
26. Today is Poonam’s birthday. One year from 33. What annual instalment will discharge a
today she will be twice as old as she was 12 debt of `10.92 due in 3 years at rate of
years ago. How old is Poonam today? 12% simple interest?
a. 20 years b. 22 years a. `325 b. `425
c. 25 years d. 27 years c. ` 560 d. ` 550
65
34. Riya took a loan of `1200 in simple Direction for Q. No. 37 and 38: In the given
interest for as many years as the rate of questions, choose the word which best
interest. If she paid `432 as interest at the expresses the meaning of the given word.
end of the loan period, what was the rate
of interest? 37. Ponder
a. 3.5% b. 3.8% a. Increase b. Think
c. 6% d. 18% c. Anticipate d. Evaluate
Direction for Q. No. 35 and 36: Fill in the blanks 38. Wary
using suitable words given in the options a. Vigilant b. Sad
35. The speech _______ with subtle threats c. Tired d. Distorted
has resulted in _______ tension. 39. If PALE in coded as 2134, EARTH is coded
a. Replete, increased as 41590, how can is PEARL be coded in
b. Full, escalating that language?
c. Followed, continuous a. 29520 b. 29530
d. Started, reduced c. 24153 d. 24513
36. The counter clerk was very busy and 40. A man starts from his house and travels
________ not pay any _______ to the 4 km in East direction, then he turns left
customer’s request. and moves 4 km. Finally he turns left and
a. can, help moves 4 km again. At what distance does
he finally stand from his original position?
b. could, respect
c. had, cash a. North, 4 km b. North-East, 4 km
d. did, attention c. South, 12 km d. West, 4 km

66
Answers
Chapter 1: Food and Its Components
1. a 2. b 3. c 4. b 5. a 6. d 7. d 8. b 9. a 10. d
11. c 12. c 13. a 14 c 15. a 16. a 17. c 18. d 19. b 20. d
21. a 22. b 23. c 24. d 25. d
Chapter 2: Fiber to Fabric

1. b 2. a 3. b 4. c 5. c 6. a 7. c 8. a 9. d 10. d
11. d 12. d 13. a 14 d 15. a 16. b 17. a 18. b 19. d 20. c
21. b 22. b 23. b 24. c 25. b
Chapter 3: Sorting and Separation of Materials into Groups

1. d 2. d 3. a 4. c 5. a 6. a 7. a 8. a 9. b 10. c
11. c 12. d 13. d 14 a 15. c 16. b 17. b 18. b 19. a 20. c
21. a 22. c 23. c 24. c 25. d
Chapter 4: Change Around Us

1. b 2. c 3. b 4. a 5. c 6. c 7. d 8. b 9. c 10. b
11. d 12. c 13. c 14 a 15. a 16. c 17. b 18. c 19. b 20. c
21. b 22. c 23. b 24. d 25. b
Chapter 5: Plants and Animals

1. b 2. d 3. c 4. d 5. c 6. d 7. d 8. d 9. d 10. c
11. b 12. c 13. b 14 c 15. d 16. c 17. b 18. c 19. c 20. b
21. c 22. b 23. c 24. d 25. c
Chapter 6: Motion and Measurement

1. d 2. d 3. a 4. c 5. a 6. d 7. b 8. c 9. d 10. c
11. d 12. c 13. b 14 d 15. d 16. c 17. a 18. c 19. b 20. d
21. c 22. b 23. c 24. c 25. a
Chapter 7: Electrical System

1. d 2. b 3. c 4. a 5. d 6. c 7. a 8. b 9. d 10. c
11. a 12. b 13. d 14 c 15. b 16. b 17. a 18. a 19. a 20. c
21. a 22. a 23. d 24. d 25. a
Chapter 8: Fun with Magnets

1. b 2. a 3. a 4. a 5. a 6. b 7. b 8. d 9. b 10. b
11. c 12. c 13. d 14 b 15. d 16. c 17. d 18. d 19. d 20. a
21. b 22. c 23. c 24. a 25. c
67
Chapter 9: Light, Shadow and Reflection
1. b 2. d 3. c 4. a 5. d 6. d 7. c 8. a 9. d 10. b
11. b 12. c 13. b 14 a 15. d 16. d 17. b 18. c 19. b 20. a
21. a 22. d 23. b 24. b 25. c
Chapter 10: Our Environment

1. c 2. c 3. b 4. d 5. b 6. d 7. b 8. b 9. d 10. a
11. d 12. d 13. d 14 d 15. d 16. b 17. d 18. b 19. c 20. a
21. a 22. b 23. c 24. d 25. b
Chapter 11: Logical Reasoning
1. b 2. a 3. b 4. c 5. d 6. a 7. b 8. c 9. d 10. a
11. c 12. b 13. b 14 a 15. b 16. b 17. c 18. d 19. a 20. a
21. c 22. d 23. b 24. b 25. c 26. c 27. b 28. d 29. d 30. a
31. d 32. b 33. a 34 c 35. a 36. d 37. b 38. a 39. c 40. a
68

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Empowering children to become

Global Olympiad Champions

First Published - 2016

This workbook is designed to enable students to explore Science

The main aim of this workbook is to assist students in developing and

Each chapter of the book consists of 3 sets of questions.

• Section A (Scientific Reasoning) : This section is created to test

• Section B (Everyday Science) : This section deals with the application

• Section C (BrainBox) : Questions to prepare students with HOTS

Logical Reasoning section is provided to equip students with verbal and

3. Sorting and Separation of Materials into Groups 16

5. Plants and Animals 28

6. Motion and Measurement 35

8. Fun with Magnets 46

9. Light, Shadow and Reflection 52

10. Our Environment 57

11. Logical Reasoning 63

SECTION - A : SCIENTIFIC REASONING

5. Humans eat parts of plants. Most commonly b. Tooth decay Vitamin C

Darken your choice with HB pencil

SECTION - A : SCIENTIFIC REASONING

a. Wool b. Silk a. Shearing → Drawing → Combing →

c. The woven fabric absorbs more • Silk • Nylon

6. What is correct about the instrument

8. Spinning is done to prepare yarn from Choose the correct option –

X – It is credited with the discovery of silk. Animal Plant

SECTION - B : EVERYDAY SCIENCE

21. Following flowchart shows the process of Fibres

Darken your choice with HB pencil

SECTION - A : SCIENTIFIC REASONING

a. Condensation of water vapour b. It is a pure substance.

c. Put the curry in the fridge to cool and c. C C

then remove ghee from top with the d. D D

SECTION - B : EVERYDAY SCIENCE

P Q R S Study the table and choose the correct

21. A mixture of sodium A

Arrange these steps of separation in a sequence from 1 to 5.

23. Study the given table about three

2.  Smooth to LustrousUsed to make

Darken your choice with HB pencil

Reversible Irreversible Physical Chemical

Changes that are Changes that No new substances New substances

SECTION - A : SCIENTIFIC REASONING

1. Which of the following is incorrect about a a. Burning of a piece of paper.

What does ‘P’

SECTION - B : EVERYDAY SCIENCE

21. A student is carrying out an experiment Choose the correct one.

Darken your choice with HB pencil

iii. Grass C. Flattened part of the

a. i – A; ii – B; iii – D; iv – C Plant eaters

SECTION - B : EVERYDAY SCIENCE

What could ‘X’ be? Jar A Jar B Jar C

24. Observe the given diagrams

Identify P, Q, R, S. Where are they found in human body?

Group A Group B Group C

Identify the possible headings for A, B and C.

Group A Group B Group C

Darken your choice with HB pencil

a. 0.5 s 9. Choose the incorrect statement stated

a. If the object completes one circle from

c. The direction of the moving body

SECTION - B : EVERYDAY SCIENCE

is the most accurate

b. Measure the time of 20 oscillations and

2. Smooth to LustrousUsed to make

iii. Grass C. Flattened part of the

X Y I. In ‘ON’ position, the switch allows the

I. This may cause the socket to over Bulb

23. P, Q, R and S are objects placed in the circuit

If B is the N-pole, which one of the following

• If we are able to see clearly through an object, it is said to be a

• If we cannot see through an object at all, it is an opaque object.

• When an opaque object is placed in the path of light, a dark portion is

• A pinhole camera can be made with simple materials like cardboard,

• The environment, which is created by nature comprising land, water, air,

• Three components of the environment are natural environment, human

1. Which of the following statements is 5. Decomposers are the organisms that