Numeric Functions

-- ABS() - Return the absolute value

SELECT ABS(66), ABS(-66);

-- CEILING() - Return the smallest integer value not less than the argument

SELECT CEILING(12.34), CEILING(-12.34);

-- FLOOR() - Return the largest integer value not greater than the argument

SELECT FLOOR(12.34), FLOOR(-12.34);

-- DEGREES() - Convert radians to degrees

SELECT DEGREES(PI()), DEGREES(PI() / 2);

-- PI() - Return the value of pi

SELECT PI();

SELECT PI()+0.000000000000000000;

-- POW() - Return the argument raised to the specified power - synonym for POWER(X,Y)

SELECT POW(2,2);

SELECT POWER(8,-2);

-- SQRT() - Return the square root of the argument

SELECT SQRT(4);

SELECT SQRT(64);

SELECT SQRT(-256);

-- Table Column

SELECT amount, ROUND(amount) Amount,

amount-0.5, ROUND(amount-0.5) R_Amount

FROM sakila.payment;
String Functions

-- ASCII - Return numeric value of left-most character

SELECT ASCII('a'), ASCII('A');

-- CHAR() - Return the character for each integer passed

SELECT CHAR(77,121,83,81,76);

SELECT CHAR(65);

-- LENGTH() - Return the length of a string in bytes

SELECT LENGTH('SQLAuthority'), LENGTH('SQLAuthority ');

-- CONCAT() - Return concatenated string

SELECT CONCAT('SQL', 'Authori', 'ty');

SELECT CONCAT('SQL', NULL, 'ty');

-- LCASE() -Return the argument in lowercase - Synonym for LOWER()

SELECT LCASE('SQLAuthority'), LOWER('PlUrAlSigHt');

-- UCASE() -Return the argument in uppercase - Synonym for UPPER()

SELECT UCASE('SQLAuthority'), UPPER('PlUrAlSigHt');

-- LEFT() - Return the leftmost number of characters as specified

SELECT LEFT('SQLAuthority', 4), LEFT('PlUrAlSigHt', 3);

-- RIGHT()- Return the specified rightmost number of characters

SELECT RIGHT('SQLAuthority', 4), RIGHT('PlUrAlSigHt', 3);

-- RTRIM() - Remove trailing spaces

SELECT RTRIM(' SQLAuthority '), LENGTH(RTRIM(' SQLAuthority '));

-- LTRIM() - Remove leading spaces

SELECT LTRIM(' SQLAuthority '), LENGTH(LTRIM(' SQLAuthority '));

-- TRIM() - Remove leading and trailing spaces

SELECT TRIM(' SQLAuthority '), LENGTH(TRIM(' SQLAuthority '));

-- STRCMP() returns 0 if the strings are the same

-- -1 if the first argument is smaller than the second according to the current sort order

-- 1 if the first argument is larger than the second according to the current sort order

SELECT STRCMP('MySQLAuthority', 'SQLAuthority'),

STRCMP('SQLAuthority', 'MySQLAuthority'),

STRCMP('SQLAuthority', 'SQLAuthority');

-- REVERSE() - Reverse the characters in a string

SELECT REVERSE('SQLAuthority');

-- Table Column

SELECT CONCAT(first_name, ' ', last_name) AS Full_Name,

REVERSE(CONCAT(first_name, ' ', last_name)) AS RFull_Name

FROM sakila.actor;
Date time functions

-- ADDDATE() or DATE_ADD() - Add time values (intervals) to a date value

SELECT ADDDATE('2013-01-01', INTERVAL 45 DAY), DATE_ADD('2013-01-01', INTERVAL 45 DAY);

-- SUBDATE() or DATE_SUB() - Subtract a time value (interval) from a date

SELECT SUBDATE('2013-01-01', INTERVAL 45 DAY), DATE_SUB('2013-01-01', INTERVAL 45 DAY);

-- Return the current date

SELECT CURDATE(), CURRENT_DATE(), CURRENT_DATE;

-- Return the current time

SELECT CURRENT_TIME(), CURRENT_TIME, CURTIME();

-- Returns the current date and time

SELECT NOW(), CURRENT_TIMESTAMP(), CURRENT_TIMESTAMP;

-- Various date and time part of datetime

SELECT NOW(),

DATE(NOW()),

TIME(NOW()),

YEAR(NOW()),

QUARTER(NOW()),

MONTH(NOW()),

WEEK(NOW()),

DAY(NOW()),

DAYNAME(NOW()),

HOUR(NOW()),

MINUTE(NOW()),

SECOND(NOW());

-- Format Date and Time

SELECT DATE_FORMAT('2013-10-04 22:23:00', '%W %M %Y'),

DATE_FORMAT('2013-10-04 22:23:00', '%d %b %Y %T:%f'),

DATE_FORMAT('2013-10-04 22:23:00', '%b %d %Y %h:%i %p');

/*

Format Description

%a Abbreviated weekday name

%b Abbreviated month name

%c Month, numeric
%D Day of month with English suffix

%d Day of month, numeric (00-31)

%e Day of month, numeric (0-31)

%f Microseconds

%H Hour (00-23)

%h Hour (01-12)

%I Hour (01-12)

%i Minutes, numeric (00-59)

%j Day of year (001-366)

%k Hour (0-23)

%l Hour (1-12)

%M Month name

%m Month, numeric (00-12)

%p AM or PM

%r Time, 12-hour (hh:mm:ss AM or PM)

%S Seconds (00-59)

%s Seconds (00-59)

%T Time, 24-hour (hh:mm:ss)

%U Week (00-53) where Sunday is the first day of week

%u Week (00-53) where Monday is the first day of week

%V Week (01-53) where Sunday is the first day of week, used with %X

%v Week (01-53) where Monday is the first day of week, used with %x

%W Weekday name

%w Day of the week (0=Sunday, 6=Saturday)

%X Year of the week where Sunday is the first day of week, four digits, used with %V

%x Year of the week where Monday is the first day of week, four digits, used with %v

%Y Year, four digits

%y Year, two digits

*/
-- http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/date-and-time-functions.html#function_addtime

-- Table Column

SELECT rental_date, DATE_FORMAT(rental_date, '%W %M %Y')

FROM sakila.rental;
Control flow functions

-- Example of CASE Operator

SET @Var = 1;

SELECT CASE @Var

WHEN 1 THEN 'one'

WHEN 2 THEN 'two'

ELSE 'more' END AS Result;

SELECT CASE WHEN @Var = 1 THEN 'one'

WHEN @Var = 2 THEN 'two'

ELSE 'more' END AS Result;

SET @Var1 = 11;

SET @Var2 = 12;

SELECT CASE WHEN (@Var1 = 11 AND @Var2 = 13) THEN 'one'

WHEN @Var2 = 12 THEN 'two'

ELSE 'more' END AS Result;

-- Example of IF functions

SELECT IF(1>2,2,3);
SELECT IF(1<2,'yes','no');

SELECT IF(YEAR(NOW()) = 2012,'yes','no');

-- Example of IFNULL Function

SELECT IFNULL(1,0);

SELECT IFNULL(NULL,0);

SELECT 1/0;

SELECT IFNULL(1/0,'Yes');

-- Example of NULLIF Function

SELECT NULLIF(1,1);

SELECT NULLIF(5,2);
Cast functions

-- CAST() or CONVERT()

SELECT 1-2;

SELECT CAST(1-2 AS UNSIGNED);

SELECT CAST(18446744073709551615 AS SIGNED);

SELECT CONVERT('2013-06-19 14:47:08', DATE) AS DATE1,

CONVERT('13-06-19 14:47:08', DATE) AS DATE2,

CONVERT('20130619', DATE) AS DATE3,

CONVERT('130619', DATE) AS DATE4;

SELECT CONVERT('14:47:08', TIME) AS TIME1,

CONVERT('144708', TIME) AS TIME2;

SELECT CONVERT('11.1', DECIMAL(4,2)) AS Dec1;

Information functions

Misc functionss