Traducción de Textos de Ciencias Sociales

Social Science Methodologies, Designs, Techniques, and Analyses

Methodology Quantitative Quantitative Quantitative Blend Qualitative Qualitative Qualitative Qualitative
Design Experimental/Quasi- Differential Correlational Case Study Naturalistic Phenomenology Grounded Ethnography Biography
Experimental Theory
Focus Participants are assigned Two or more Focus on Involves moving Observation of Understanding Developing a Describing and Exploring the
without bias to various preexisting groups quantifying the the participant participants in a the essence of theory interpreting a life of an
groups or conditions in (not under degree of into a moderately natural experiences about grounded cultural or social individual
the study. Random researcher’s relationship limiting environment. a phenomena. from field group.
assignment. Control of control) are between variables. environment and Researcher should data.
independent variables. compared. Carefully defined intervening to a do nothing to limit
Carefully defined procedures and slight degree, and or change
procedures and measurements observing. environment or
measurements. behaviors.
Purpose Generally to explain, predict, and/or control phenomena through Blend Generally to explain and give insight and understand of phenomena through
focused collection of numerical data. intensive collection of narrative data.
Approach to Generally deductive, focused, and outcome-oriented Blend Generally inductive, holistic, and process oriented
inquiry
Constraint Highest High Medium-High Medium Low Low Low Low Low
Discipline Physical sciences, Physical sciences, Physical sciences, Political science, Anthropology, Philosophy, Sociology Cultural Antrhopology,
origin psychology psychology psychology sociology, social, sociology, social sociology, anthropology, literature,
science sciences psychology sociology history,
psychology,
sociology
Sampling Generally want a random selection of a large representative sample in Blend Generally a purposive sample of a select, not necessarily representative sample
order to generalize to the population in order to acquire an in-depth understanding
Data Controlled experiments Survey research Survey research Multiple sources Observations Long interviews Interviews Primarily Primarily
Collection – documents, with up to 10 with 20-30 observations and interviews and
archival records, people individuals to interviews with documents
interviews, “saturate” additional artifacts
observations, categories and during extended
physical artifacts detail a theory time in the field (6
months to a year)
Data Inferential, descriptive Similar to Correlations to Description, Descriptions, Statements, Open coding, Description, Stories,
Analysis statistics – causation experimental but determine themes, and themes meanings, themes, axial coding, analysis and epiphanies, and
does not show relationships assertations general selective interpretation historical
cause description of coding, accounts
experiences conditional
matrix
How is data Varies with experiment, may include: measurement, response latency, Field notes, Field notes, Long interview Interview Fieldnotes, Notes, interview
recorded? physical responses, and survey (e.g., pre-post survey) interview and interview and protocol protocol, interview and protocols.
observational observational memoing observation
protocols protocols protocols

Source: Brad Johnson,

Douglas Andrew Town, 2013

douglasandrewtown@yahoo.es