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Simulation report - SimMS

Firstname Lastname

April 16, 2021

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https://www.pprime.fr/ https://uniwaresity.fr/mechanical-seal/
Main data

Units
• Pressure unit (bar , Pa , MPa , psi ): bar

• Length unit (m , mm , cm , in ): mm

• Temperature unit (deg C, K , deg F): deg C

• Mass flow unit (kg s , kg h , g s , g h , lbs s, lbs h): g h

Solid 1 parameters
• Solid 1 material (si ca, carbo, w car, sstee, user1, user2): si ca

Solid 2 parameters
• Solid 2 material (si ca, carbo, w car, sstee, user1, user2): carbo

Surface parameters
• Beta, initial coning angle before deformation (rad): 0.0

Environemental data
• Absolute outer pressure >0 at Ro2 (Pres unit): 10.0

• Absolute inner pressure >0 at Ri2 (Pres unit): 1.0

• Outer fluid name (water, oil , air , user ): water

• Inner name (water, oil , air , user ): air

• Outer Fluid temperature (temp unit): 20.0

• Inner Fluid temperature (temp unit): 20.0

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Operating data
• Rotating speed (rpm): 3000

• Balance ratio B: 0.80

• Initial spring force (N): 0.0

• Spring stiffness (N/m): 0.0

Configuration
• Rotating solid (1 or 2): 1

• Textured solid (1 or 2): 1

Figure 1: Geometrical configuration

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Seal Rings

Seal rings geometry

Sealing interface
• Ro, outer radius of the sealing aera (unit length): 29.

• Ri, inner radius of the sealing aera (unit length): 26.

Solid 1 parameters
• Ro1, outer radius of solid 1 (unit length): 33.

• Ri1, inner radius of solid 1 (unit length): 25.

• Rm1, middle radius of solid 1 (unit length): 29.

• eo1, solid 1 thickness at outer radius (unit length): 5.

• ei1, solid 1 thickness at inner radius (unit length): 12.

Solid 2 parameters
• Ro2, outer radius of solid 2 (unit length): 33.

• Ri2, inner radius of solid 2 (unit length): 28.

• eo2, solid 2 thickness at outer radius (unit length): 2.5

• ei2, solid 2 thickness at inner radius (unit length): 6.5

• et2, solid 2 total thickness (unit length): 12.5

Materials
Carbon graphite
• material name: carbo

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 Figure 2: Seal rings geometry

• thermal conductivity (W/m.K): 10.0

• density (kg/m3): 1800.

• Thermal capacity (J/kg.K): 470.

• Elastic modulus (Pa): 20.e9

• Poisson ratio: 0.2

• Expansion coef. (1/K): 4.0e-6

Silicon carbide
• material name: si ca

• thermal conductivity (W/m.K): 150.0

• density (kg/m3): 3100.

• Thermal capacity (J/kg.K): 670.

• Elastic modulus (Pa): 400.e9

• Poisson ratio: 0.17

• Expansion coef. (1/K): 4.3e-6

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Tungsten carbide
• material name: w car

• thermal conductivity (W/m.K): 65.0

• density (kg/m3): 14900.

• Thermal capacity (J/kg.K): 325.

• Elastic modulus (Pa): 600.e9

• Poisson ratio: 0.25

• Expansion coef. (1/K): 4.8e-6

Stainless steel
• material name: sstee

• thermal conductivity (W/m.K): 16.3

• density (kg/m3): 7960.

• Thermal capacity (J/kg.K): 750.

• Elastic modulus (Pa): 200.e9

• Poisson ratio: 0.3

• Expansion coef. (1/K): 17.e-6

User defined material 1

• material name: user1

• thermal conductivity (W/m.K): 10.0

• density (kg/m3): 1800.

• Thermal capacity (J/kg.K): 470.

• Elastic modulus (Pa): 20.e9

• Poisson ratio: 0.2

• Expansion coef. (1/K): 4.0e-6

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User defined material 2
• material name: user2

• thermal conductivity (W/m.K): 150.0

• density (kg/m3): 3100.

• Thermal capacity (J/kg.K): 670.

• Elastic modulus (Pa): 400.e9

• Poisson ratio: 0.17

• Expansion coef. (1/K): 4.3e-6

Boundary conditions

Figure 3: Seals with faces number

Bondary conditions definition

Face orientation
• Along -r: -1

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 • Along +r: +1

• Along -z: -3

• Along +z: +3

Thermal boundary conditions

• Adiabatic: 0

• Heat convection: 2

• Imposed heat flux: 3

Mechanical boundary conditions

• Free face: 10

• Uniform pressure: 11

• Variable pressure: 12

• Contact along z: 17

Bondary condition on solid 1

• Mesh file name: solid1

• Solid rotation (t true, f false): True

• number of faces: 8

• face name: 1

• orientation: -3

• thermal BC code: 3

• mechanical BC code: 12

• face name: 2

• orientation: -3

• pressure value: 10.0

• thermal BC code: 2

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• convection for outer fluid: -0.03

• mechanical BC code: 11

• face name: 3

• orientation: 1

• pressure value: 10.0

• thermal BC code: 2

• convection for outer fluid: -0.03

• mechanical BC code: 11

• face name: 4

• orientation: 3

• pressure value: 1.0

• thermal BC code: 0

• mechanical BC code: 17

• face name: 5

• orientation: 1

• pressure value: 1.0

• thermal BC code: 2

• convection for inner fluid: -0.725

• mechanical BC code: 11

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 • face name: 6

• orientation: 3

• pressure value: 1.0

• thermal BC code: 2

• convection for inner fluid: -0.725

• mechanical BC code: 11

• face name: 7

• orientation: -1

• pressure value: 1.0

• thermal BC code: 2

• convection for inner fluid: -0.725

• mechanical BC code: 11

• face name: 8

• orientation: -3

• pressure value: 1.0

• thermal BC code: 2

• convection for inner fluid: -0.725

• mechanical BC code: 11

Bondary condition on solid 2

• Mesh file name: solid2

• Solid rotation (t true, f false): False

• number of faces: 8

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• face name: 1

• orientation: 3

• thermal BC code: 3

• mechanical BC code: 12

• face name: 2

• orientation: -1

• pressure value: 1.0

• thermal BC code: 2

• convection for inner fluid: -0.725

• mechanical BC code: 11

• face name: 3

• orientation: -3

• pressure value: 1.0

• thermal BC code: 0

• mechanical BC code: 17

• face name: 4

• orientation: -1

• pressure value: 10.0

• thermal BC code: 2

• convection for outer fluid: -0.03

• mechanical BC code: 11

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• face name: 5
• orientation: -3
• pressure value: 10.0
• thermal BC code: 2
• convection for outer fluid: -0.03
• mechanical BC code: 11

• face name: 6
• orientation: 1
• pressure value: 10.0
• thermal BC code: 2
• convection for outer fluid: -0.03
• mechanical BC code: 11

• face name: 7
• orientation: 3
• pressure value: 10.0
• thermal BC code: 2
• convection for outer fluid: -0.03
• mechanical BC code: 11

• face name: 8
• orientation: 1
• pressure value: 10.0
• thermal BC code: 2
• convection for outer fluid: -0.03
• mechanical BC code: 11

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Solids mesh

Figure 4: Seal rings meshes

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Fluids

water iapws
• fluid name: water

• thermal conductivity (W/m.K): 0.61

• density (kg/m3): 1000.

• Thermal capacity (J/kg.K): 4180.

• Type of fluid (1 = gas, 2 = liquid): liq

• Viscosity law: iapws

Engine oil 0W30

• fluid name: 0W30

• thermal conductivity (W/m.K): 0.126

• density (kg/m3): 865.

• Thermal capacity (J/kg.K): 1900.

• Type of fluid (1 = gas, 2 = liquid): liq

• Reference viscosity at T0 (Pa.s): 0.0442

• Reference temperature T0 (K): 313.15

• Reference viscosity at T1 (Pa.s): 0.008755

• Reference temperature T1 (K): 373.15

• Viscosity law: mccou

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Engine oil 10W40
• fluid name: 10W40

• thermal conductivity (W/m.K): 0.126

• density (kg/m3): 881.

• Thermal capacity (J/kg.K): 1920.

• Type of fluid (1 = gas, 2 = liquid): liq

• Reference viscosity at T0 (Pa.s): 0.0775

• Reference temperature T0 (K): 313.15

• Reference viscosity at T1 (Pa.s): 0.01173

• Reference temperature T1 (K): 373.15

• Viscosity law: mccou

ISO VG 32
• fluid name: VG 32

• thermal conductivity (W/m.K): 0.126

• density (kg/m3): 865.

• Thermal capacity (J/kg.K): 1920.

• Type of fluid (1 = gas, 2 = liquid): liq

• Reference viscosity at T0 (Pa.s): 0.0272

• Reference temperature T0 (K): 313.15

• Reference viscosity at T1 (Pa.s): 0.00442

• Reference temperature T1 (K): 373.15

• Viscosity law: mccou

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ISO VG 46
• fluid name: VG 46

• thermal conductivity (W/m.K): 0.126

• density (kg/m3): 875.

• Thermal capacity (J/kg.K): 1910.

• Type of fluid (1 = gas, 2 = liquid): liq

• Reference viscosity at T0 (Pa.s): 0.0391

• Reference temperature T0 (K): 313.15

• Reference viscosity at T1 (Pa.s): 0.00561

• Reference temperature T1 (K): 373.15

• Viscosity law: mccou

Air
• fluid name: air

• thermal conductivity (W/m.K): 2.26e-2

• gas constant (J/kg/K): 287.0

• Thermal capacity (J/kg.K): 1006.

• Type of fluid (1 = gas, 2 = liquid): gas

• Reference viscosity at T0 (Pa.s): 1.725e-5

• Reference temperature T0 (K): 275.0

• Reference viscosity at T1 (Pa.s): 4.153e-5

• Reference temperature T1 (K): 1000.

• Viscosity law: suthe

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Nitrogen
• fluid name: nitro

• thermal conductivity (W/m.K): 2.4e-2

• gas constant (J/kg/K): 296.9

• Thermal capacity (J/kg.K): 1040.

• Type of fluid (1 = gas, 2 = liquid): gas

• Reference viscosity at T0 (Pa.s): 1.64e-5

• Reference temperature T0 (K): 275.0

• Reference viscosity at T1 (Pa.s): 2.9602e-5

• Reference temperature T1 (K): 600.

• Viscosity law: suthe

Methane
• fluid name: CH4

• thermal conductivity (W/m.K): 3.0e-2

• gas constant (J/kg/K): 519.6

• Thermal capacity (J/kg.K): 2200.

• Type of fluid (1 = gas, 2 = liquid): gas

• Reference viscosity at T0 (Pa.s): 1.366e-5

• Reference temperature T0 (K): 275.0

• Reference viscosity at T1 (Pa.s): 1.9432e-5

• Reference temperature T1 (K): 600.

• Viscosity law: suthe

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User defined fluid
• fluid name: user

• thermal conductivity (W/m.K): 0.61

• density (kg/m3): 1000.

• Thermal capacity (J/kg.K): 4180.

• Type of fluid (1 = gas, 2 = liquid): liq

• Reference viscosity at T0 (Pa.s): 1.e-3

• Reference temperature T0 (K): 293.15

• Reference viscosity at T1 (Pa.s): 2.79e-4

• Reference temperature T1 (K): 1000.

• Viscosity law: reyno

User defined fluid2

• fluid name: user2

• thermal conductivity (W/m.K): 0.61

• density (kg/m3): 1000.

• Thermal capacity (J/kg.K): 4180.

• Type of fluid (1 = gas, 2 = liquid): liq

• Reference viscosity at T0 (Pa.s): 1.e-3

• Reference temperature T0 (K): 293.15

• Reference viscosity at T1 (Pa.s): 2.79e-4

• Reference temperature T1 (K): 1000.

• Viscosity law: reyno

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Grooves on the seal surface

Groove parameters
• Number of grooves (0 = no grooves): 0

• Rgo, groove outer radius (Length unit): 90.0

• Rgi, groove inner radius (Length unit): 75.0

• hg, groove depth (Length unit): 5.e-3

• phi, groove angle (deg): 75.

• wg/(wg+wd), groove width (): 50.

Figure 5: Spiral grooves configuration

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Waves on the seal surface

Waviness parameters
• Number of waves (0 = no waviness): 0

• hw, waviness amplitude peak to peak (Length unit): 1.e-3

Figure 6: Waviness configuration

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Results

• Rotation speed : 0.30000E+04 rpm

• Pressure at outer radius : 0.10000E+02 bar

• Pressure at inner radius : 0.10000E+01 bar

film thickness
• Min film thickness : 0.24435E-03 mm

• Mean film thickness : 0.84800E-03 mm

• Max film thickness : 0.16745E-02 mm

dissipation
• Viscous friction torque : 0.14777E+00 N.m

• Dry friction torque : 0.85692E+00 N.m

• Total friction torque : 0.10047E+01 N.m

• Dissipated power : 0.31563E+03 W

• Convection coef inner fluid : 0.50417E+02 W/m2/K

• Convection coef outer fluid : 0.17261E+05 W/m2/K

temperature
• Min film temperature : 0.33890E+02 oC

• Mean film temperature : 0.35973E+02 oC

• Max film temperature : 0.40068E+02 oC

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forces
• Fluid force : 0.12673E+03 N

• Contact force : 0.29832E+03 N

• Closing force(N) : 0.42506E+03 N

mass flow rate

• mass flow rate inner radius : 0.23838E+01 g/h

cavitation
• cavitation : 0.00000E+00 %

Figure 7: Contact pressure in the sealing interface

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 Figure 8: Fluid pressure in the sealing interface

Figure 9: Pressure (fluid + contact) profile in the sealing interface

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 Figure 10: Film thickness in the sealing interface

Figure 11: Film thickness profile in the sealing interface

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 Figure 12: Temperature in the sealing interface

Figure 13: Temperature profile in the sealing interface

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Figure 14: Temperature in the seal rings

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Expert data

Calcul type
• Force balance (t = calculated film thickness, f = imposed film thick-
ness): t

• Thermal simulation (t = varying temperature, f = isothermal): t

• Thermal deformation (t = yes, f = no): t

• Fluid flow in the film (1 = turbulent, 0 = laminar): 0

• Centrifugal inertia (1 = yes, 0 = no): 1

• Aera occupied by the internal and external fluide(t = yes, f = no): f

Roughness parameters
• RMS roughness height Sq (Length unit): 1.5e-4

• Correlation length Sal (Length unit): 1.e-2

• Dry friction coefficient between asperties: 0.1

Environnemental data
• Heat transfert coefficient solid 1 (W/m2/K) if <= 0 calculation by an
empirical eq.: -1000.0

• Heat transfert coefficient solid 2 (W/m2/K) if <= 0 calculation by an

empirical eq.: -1000.0

Operating data
• Initial film thickness (Length unit): 2.0e-3

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Calculation data
• Number of nodes in the radial direction: 21

• Number of nodes in the circumferential direction: 41

• Max number of elements solid 1 ne1 m (< 1000 to avoid memory

problem): 800

• Max number of elements solid 2 ne2 m (< 1000 to avoid memory

problem): 800

• Relaxation for pressure calculation: 0.8

• Max residual for pressure calculation: 1.e-10

• Relaxation for force balance (0.25 < Rfb < 0.): 0.02

• Max residual for force balance: 1.e-6

• Relaxation for thermal calculation (0.1 > Rtc > 0. and Rtc 0.3 to
0.1 x Rfb): 0.01

• Max residual for thermal calculation: 1.e-5

• Solver type all systems (GMRES, LU ): LU

Other
• Author of the simulations: Firstname Lastname

• affichage: 1

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