CHINA POLICE SYSTEM

CHINA
• Is a communist party
• has a population of 1,336,718,015
• China has the highest number of
police officers in the world, standing
at about 1.6 million officers in the
country’s police force.
Peoples armed Police force
(PAPF)
• Main police force of China
• primarily responsible for internal security, riot
control, antiterrorism, law enforcement, and maritime
rights protection
• have a total strength of 1.5 million
• Under supervised by ministry of public security
Command and Organizational
Structure of the PAP
Police Investigation and Training in
China
• Investigation- Chinese Police routinely
use torture to extract confessions
although, under Chinese law, confessions
obtained through torture are supposed to
be inadmissable in court.
Internal Guard Corps (IGC)-It plays a key role in
maintaining China’s social stability and order, and is
frequently involved in assisting the regular police in fighting
crimes.

The Border Defense- responsible for the inspection, security,

and patrol functions around border areas. They also investigate
smuggling cases on land and sea
• Guard Corps- in charge of the
protection of members of the
National People’s Congress and the
National Consultative Conference
of Political Affairs as well as high-
ranking provincial and municipal
government and party officials.

Firefighting Corps- conducts fire prevention and suppression

tasks
To be a people's policeman, one must meet the following
requirements:

• to be a citizen who has reached the age of 18;

• to endorse the Constitution of the People's Republic of
China;
• to have fine political and professional quality and good
conduct;
• to be in good health;
• to have an educational background of senior middle
school or above;
• to become a people's policeman out of his or her own
volition
Functions and Powers:
The people's policemen of public security organs shall,
in accordance with the division of responsibilities,
perform the following duties according to law:
• to prevent, stop and investigate illegal and criminal
activities;
• to maintain public order and stop acts that endanger
public order;
• to ensure traffic safety, maintain traffic order and deal
with traffic accidents;
• to organize and carry out fire prevention and control
and supervise routine fire protection;
• to control firearms and ammunition, and keep under
surveillance knives, inflammables, explosives, deadly
poisons, radioactive materials and other dangerous articles;
• to administer special trades and professions as provided by
laws and regulations;
• to serve as bodyguards for persons specially designated by
the State and protect important places and installations;
• to keep under control assemblies, processions and
demonstrations;
• to administer affairs of household registration, citizens'
nationality, and entry into and exit from the territory, and
handle matters concerning aliens' residence and travel within
the territory of China;
• to maintain public order along the border (frontier) areas;
• to execute criminal punishment with respect to criminals
sentenced to public surveillance, criminal detention, or
deprived of political rights and criminals serving sentences
outside prison, and to exercise supervision over and inspection
of criminals who are granted suspension of execution or
parole;
• to supervise and administer the work of protecting the
computer information system;
• to guide and supervise the work of security in State organs,
public organizations, enterprises, institutions, and major
construction projects; and guide mass organizations such as
public security committees in their work of maintaining public
order and preventing crime; and
• other duties as stipulated by laws and regulations.
Police Investigation and
Training in China
• In the mid 2000s, the Chinese
government said that it would start
taping police interrogations to
prevent forced confessions and the
use of torture to extract confessions.
Training
• Junior military police offices
sometimes have their knees bound
with tape to improve their posture.
• Cadets in special anti-terrorist squads
have a motorcycles driven over their
chest.
• Use of
Martial
Arts such
as Kung
Fu for
their close
combat
training.
 High Tech Police Equipment
in China
• There is widespread use of
surveillance cameras in China.
• Shenzhen Police had access to 20,000
police cameras and 180,000 indoor
and outdoor closed-circuit television
cameras owned by businesses and
government agencies and linked into
the police system.
• Cameras are guided by a
sophisticated computer system with
software from an American company
that can automatically recognize the
faces of police suspects and detect
unusual activity.
• Carry satellite positioning equipment
on their belts that allow their
movements to be tracked on large
resolution maps.
• When an officer goes indoors and can
not be monitored directly by satellite
his location can be determined by
tracking his cell phones.
• Chinese security agencies are working
on a system that allows police to track
individuals using their cell phones.
Crime Fighting Effort in China
• Anti-crime campaigns have included
parading criminals during public
stadiums in major cities such as
Guangzhou.
• Operation “Strike Hard”, launched in
1996.
• The relatively well-off town of Aodi in
Zhejiang decided to build a “Great
Wall” around the town to keep thieves
out.
Ministry of National Defense,
Ministry of Public Security,
and Ministry of State Security
Ministry of
National
Defense
It is the top of the
hierarchy with
judicial and
public security
agencies such as
Ministry of
Public Safety and
the Ministry of
State Security.
Ministry of
Public Security
It is the principal
police authority
of the mainland
of the People’s
Republic of
China which
oversee the day
to day law
enforcement.
Ministry of State
Security
The Chinese
Government’s
largest and most
active foreign
intelligence
agency, though it
is also involved in
domestic security
matters.
Kinds of Police
People’s Armed
Police (PAP)
• Founded June 12,
1982
• Deals with
domestic
disturbance.
• Act as riot police
and guard’s
government
compounds and
foreign embassies.
State Security Police
• Formed July 1983.
• Safeguards state security.
• Prevent foreign espionage, sabotage and
conspiracies.
Prison Police
• A part of the correctional arm of the overall
police system stationed in prisons and correction
units.
Judicial Police
• Responsible for maintaining the security and
order in courts and serving instruments and
some also executing death sentences.
Quasi Parapolice (Chengguan)
• Operate in many places and hired by officials to
help carry out some unpopular actions.
Quasi Parapolice
(Chengguan)
Operate in many
places and hired
by officials to
help carry out
some unpopular
actions.
Terms
Special Police College
• Conducts nationwide recruitment once a year.
Central Military
Commission
Appoints police
in China.
People’s Liberation Army
• Chinese Armed forces.
People’s
Liberation Army
Chinese Armed
forces.
Civil Service Promotion Examinations
• Basis for regulation of the Rank
promotion Examination for police
officer.
Rank System in China
Commissioner
General
Equivalent of
Director General
in the PNP.
Constable 2nd
Class
Equivalent of
Police Officer 1 in
the PNP.
People's policemen may not commit any of
the following acts:
• to spread statements that damage the prestige
of the State; to join illegal organizations; to take
part in such activities as assembly, procession
and demonstration; and to take part in strikes;
• to divulge State secrets or secrets of police
work;
• to practice fraud, conceal facts of a case, cover
up or connive at illegal and criminal activities;
• to extort confession by torture or subject
criminals to corporal punishment or maltreat
them;
• to unlawfully deprive other people of, or restrict,
their freedom of the person, or illegally search a
person, his or her belongings, residence or place.
• to extort and racketeer, or to demand or accept
bribes;
• to beat up another or instigate him to do so;
• to illegally impose punishment or collect charges;
• to attend dinners or accept presents given by the
party concerned or his or her agent;
• to engage in profit-making activities or to be
employed by any individual or organization;
• to neglect his or her duty and fail to perform
statutory obligations; or
• other acts in violation of law and discipline