vfHkçsj.

kk [MOTIVATION]
ifjp;

eksVhos'ku ls D;k rkRi;Z gS \ blds le>us ds fy, igys ge ;g

ns[ksa fd eksVhos'ku dk vFkZ D;k gS vkSj ;g 'kCn dgk¡ ls
vk;k gS\ ;g ySfVu 'kCn ÞMOVEREÞ ls fudyk gS ftldk vFkZ
gS *to move* bl çdkj MOTIVE dk 'kkfCnd vFkZ gS Þwhat
causes motionÞ ;k ‘having power to cause motion’-

ifjHkk"kk

2& eksVhos'ku dh fuEufyf[kr ifjHkk"kk;sa mYys[kuh;

gSa%&

(1) A motive is a restlessness, a lack or a force which energizes,

activates or moves individuals to direct their behaviour towards a
particular goal.

(2) Motivation has been referred to as the inner striving conditions of

a person known as his or her wishes, desires, drives, etc. that activate
him in the direction of fulfillment.

(3) Motivation is a 'state of mind which explains why people do what

they do'. In other words, it represents the 'whys' of human behaviour'.

(4) Motivation is inspiring people to work with zeal, willingness, and

initiative.
3& mijksä ifjHkk"kkvksa ls eksVhos'ku ds fo"k; esa ;g ifjdYiuk Li"V
gksrh gS fd ;g ,d çsj.kknk;d 'kfä gS tks fä ds O;ogkj dks ,d fof'k"V
mís'; dh fn'kk esa lapkfyr djrh gSA eSustlZ ;k lqijokbtlZ dks vius
vèkhuLFk deZpkfj;ksa ds mfpr çcUèk ds fy, eksVhos'ku dk le>uk
cgqr vko';d gSA ,d eSustj tks ;g le>rk gS fd mlds vèkhuLFk yksx fdu
ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa dSlk O;ogkj djrs gSa] og viuh laLFkk dh leL;kvksa
ds fujkdj.k o vius deZpkfj;ksa ds dk;Z fu"iknu ¼Performance½ esa
vfèkd lqèkkj ykus dh {kerk j[krk gSA ÞPerformanceÞ lhèkh Hkk"kk
esa ‘ability’ rFkk *motivation* dk la;qä Lo#i gSA

ÞPerformance is a function of ability and motivation*- ;fn dksà O;fä

fdlh dk;Z ds fu"iknu dh ;ksX;rk j[krk gS ijUrq mlesa eksVhos'ku ugÈ
gS rks og dk;Z ugÈ gksxkA

4& foxr n'kdksa esa eksVhos'ku ds fo"k; esa nks ekSfyd

fopkjèkkjkvksa dk fodkl gqvk gSA nksuksa dk ewy fl}kar rks ,d gh
gS vFkkZr~ People do what they do because something pushes them
to do. The difference between the two is essentially in the origin of
the push. ,d dgrk gS fd push O;fä ds ckgj ls vkrk gSA nwljs dk dFku
gS fd push dh Hkkouk O;fä ds Hkhrj ls mRiUu gksrh gSA

ckgj dk fl)kUr fuEufyf[kr ifjdYiukvksa ij vkèkkfjr gS%

¼I½ Persons primarily are economically motivated and secondly

desire security with good working conditions-

¼II½ Provision of the above rewards to personnel will have a positive

effect on their morale-
¼III½ There is a positive correlation between morale and
productivity-

fdUrq nwljh fopkjèkkjk ds çfrikndksa dh –f"V esa mijksä

ifjdYiukvksa esa dqN ekSfyd okLrfodrkvksa dks è;ku esa ugÈ j[kk
x;kA os fuEuor gSa%

¼I½ Human Motivation is much more compleÛ than the economic

security& working conditions approach-

¼II½ Morale is at best only an elusive concept-

¼III½ Relationship between morale and productivity is less clear than

assumed-

5& bl èkkj.kk ds foijhr fd eksVhos'ku O;fä ds ckgj ls vkrk gS]

biological & psychological fu"d"kZ rFkk rF; bl ckr ds i{k esa çkIr
gq;s gSa fd eksfVos'ku ,d vkUrfjd 'kfä gS vkSj ÞPeople do what they
do because of needs and wants inside themselves- The need is some
form of deficiency which is created because of psychological and
physiological imbalance experienced by an individualÞ-

6& bl vkèkkj ij ge ;g dg ldrs gSa fd tks gekjh vko';drk;sa vkSj

bPNk;sa gekjs vUr%eu esa mRiUu gksrh gSa] mudh iwÆr gsrq ,d
vkUrfjd 'kfä ;k çsj.kk tkxzr gksrh gS] ftls ge ÞeksVhos'ku* dgrs gSaA

7& ekuoh; vko';drk;sa ¼Human needs½& vesfjdk ds çfl)

euksoSKkfud vczkge eSlyksa us 1943 esa ekuoh; vko';drkvksa ij
vkèkkfjr lokZfèkd ekU; vkSj çHkkoh fl)kUr dk lw=ikr fd;kA ;g
fl)kUr fuEufyf[kr ifjdYiukvksa ij vkèkkfjr gS%
¼1½ ekuoh; vko';drkvksa dks muds egRo ds vuq:i Øec) fd;k x;k gSA
euq"; dh çkjfEHkd vko';drk physiological, safety rFkk social needs ls
ysdj esteem rFkk vUrr% self actualization dh vko';drk;sa thou ds
fofHkUu pj.kksa esa mRi= gksrh gSA

bl hierarchy dk vFkZ ;g gS fd euq"; dh lokZfèkd egRo dh vko';drk

mldk lEiw.kZ ?;ku ?ksj ysxh vkSj de egRo dh vko';drk uhps nc
tk;sxhA eSlyksa }kjk çLrqr bl hierarchy ds nks fp= uhps fn;s x;s gS%

¼2½ O;fä ges'kk dqN u dqN pkgrk jgrk gS blhfy, mldh lHkh
vko';drkvksa dh iw.kZ larqf"V ugÈ gks ikrh gSA tSls gh ,d vko';drk
dh iwÆr gqÃ] mldh çsjd 'kfä ¼prepotency½ ?kVus yxrh gS vkSj
nwljh vko';drk mHkj dj Åij vk tkrh gSA ;g ,d dHkh Hkh lekIr u gksus
okyh çfØ;k gS tks O;fä dks thou Hkj ,d u ,d vko';drk dh iwÆr gsrq
motivate djrh jgrh gSA

¼3½ ,d ckj ,d vko';drk dh iwÆr gks tkus ij fQj og euq"; ds O;ogkj dks
motivate ugÈ djrhA rc euq"; viuh next higher need ls çsfjr gksdj dk;Z
djrk gSA ijUrq ;fn dHkh lower level need ij dksà [krjk vkrk gS rks og
iqu% uhps dh vkSj motivate gksus yxrk gSA mnkgj.k Lo#i ,d O;fä
iqjh uÈn lks ysrk gS rks uÈn dh vko';drk mlds fy, motivator ugÈ jg
tkrh ijUrq ;fn mls nks fnu rd lksus dks u feys rks uÈn dh vko';drk
mldh primary motivator gks tk;sxh og self esteem vFkok social-
recognition dh ckr Hkwy dj] tgk¡ Hkh LFkku feysxk] fuæk dh iwÆr
igys djuk pkgsxkA

8& Physiological needs& thou dks cuk;s j[kus ds fy, bu vko';drkvksa

dh iwÆr t#jh gSA bl Js.kh esa gok] ikuh] Hkkstu] fuæk] edku]
ikfjokfjd O;oLFkk vkfn lfEefyr gSA ;s çkjfEHkd vko';drk;sa gSa
ftudh iwÆr ds fy, euq"; dk loZçFke ç;kl gksrk gS vkSj rnuqlkj ;s
vko';drk;sa mls çsfjr djrh gSA

Safety needs& tc physiological need dh vis{kk—r iwÆr gks tkrh gS

rks mlds Åij ds Lrj dh vko';drk mHkjrh gS og gS lqj{kk dh vko';drk]
fdlh [krjs ls cpko dh vko';drkA euq"; ,sls dk;Z dks fo'ks"k ojh;rk nsxk
tgk¡ ij mls economic security vfèkd miyCèk gksxhA nwljs 'kCnksa
esa og mu lsokvksa esa tkuk ilUn djsxk ftlesa mls Hkfo"; fufèk] xzqi
bU';ksjsal] isU'ku] xzsP;qVh vkfn dh lqfoèkk;sa miyCèk gksaA
Social need Physiological rFkk safety needs dh iwÆr ds ckn ‘social
needs’ ,d egRoiw.kZ çsjd ds #i esa lkeus vkrk gSA bl Js.kh esa eq[;r;k
belonging] association] acceptance by peers rFkk lg;ksfx;ksa ls
eS=h ,oa çse dh vko';drk;sa lfEefyr gSaA O;fä vius lkekU; fopkj okys
leqnk; esa gh lfEefyr gksus dk ç;kl djsxkA vius laxBu esa cus ;wfu;u
dk lnL; cuuk pkgsxkA vius iM+ksfl;ksa ls eS=h vkSj eèkqj O;ogkj dh
vkdka{kk djsxkA bu vko';drkvksa dh iwÆr ds QyLo#i og lekt esa
vFkok viuh laLFkk esa vius dks lQy O;fä le>sxkA

Esteem needs&mijksä rhuksa Lrj dh vko';drkvksa dh iwÆr ds mijkUr

euq"; dks vkRe&lEeku ¼self-esteem½ dh vko';drk çsfjr djrh
gSA ;fn ,d ckj O;fä ds fy, vkRe&lEeku dh Hkkouk egRoiw.kZ gks
tkrh gS rks og fujUrj bldh lUrqf"V ds fy, ç;Ru'khy jgsxkA
vkRe&lEeku dh vko';drk esa Lo;a dk lEeku vkSj nwljs ls lEeku dh
vis{kk nksuksa dk;Z djrh gSA Lo;a ds lEeku esa ÞvkRe foÜoklÞ
¼self confidence½] {kerk ¼competence½]
miyfCèk;k¡ ¼achievements½] Lora=rk ¼independence½ vkfn
Hkkouk;sa motivate djrh gSaA bu vko';drkvksa dh larqf"V ls ;g yxrk
gS fd ge Hkh dqN gSa] lekt esa gekjk Hkh dqN ewY; gS]
gekjh ;ksX;rk {kerk bl lalkj ds fy, mi;ksxh vkSj vko';d gSA ;fn budh
larqf"V esa dN ckèkk gksrh gS rks mls uSjk'k;] fucZyrk rFkk fuEurk
dh Hkkouk;sa xzflr dj ysrh gSaA

Self-actualization needs& mi;qä oÆ.kr vko';drkvksa dh iwÆr ds ckn

gh ;g vko';drk mHkj dj vkrh gSA blds vUrxZr viuh 'kfä] viuh {kerk]
viuh vkRe foÜokl] viuh ;ksX;rk ds vuq#i lokZfèkd miyfCèk;ksa dh
çkfIr gh self actualization gSA Hkys gh Åij fyf[kr vU; Lrjksa dh
vko';drkvksa dh larqf"V gks tk;s] ijUrq O;fä ml le; rd vlUrqf"V rFkk
cspSuh dk vuqHko djrk jgrk gS] tc rd fd mls ,slk dk;Z u feys ftlds fy,
og lokZfèkd mi;qä gksA

vkRe iwÆr ¼self-actualization½ dh vko';drk dh larqf"V

fofHkUu :iksa esa gks ldrh gS tSls ,FkysfVd] jktuhfr] lkfgR;] laxhr]
èkeZ ;k vU; uSlÆxd 'kkSdksa ¼natural hobbies½ ds {ks= esa og
lQyrk ds f'k[kj ij igqap tk;A okLro esa ;g O;fä ds vUnj ml uSlÆxd
xq.k ds loksZPp fodkl dh fLFkfr dk |ksrd gksrk gSA mnkgj.k ds
fy,] ;fn dksà O;fä la;ksxo'k fdlh 'kkldh; dk;kZy; esa dk;Z djrk gS rks
mls vius thou&;kiu ds fy, ;g dk;Z djuk rks vfuok;Z gS ijUrq mlds
vUnj ;fn laxhr dk uSlÆxd xq.k gS rks og le; fudky dj laxhr esa
vkRe&fodkl dk ç;Ru djsxk vkSj lsok fuo`fÙk ds mijkUr laxhr ds gh
{ks= esa mPpre çxfr ds y{; dks çkIr dj viuh vkRe&iwÆr ¼self-
actualization½ dh vko';drk dks iwjh djsxkA
9& eSlyks ds mijksä fl)kUr us vkèkqfud çcUèk esa motivation-
approach dks vR;fèkd çHkkfor fd;k gSA blds ckotwn Hkh bl fl)kUr
esa ckn ds euksoSKkfudksa us dqN dfe;ka ik;h gSaA muds }kjk fd;s
x;s vuqlUèkkuksa ls ;g fu"d"kZ fudkyk x;k gS fd uhps Lrj dh
vko';drkvksa dh iwÆr gksus ds ckn gh Åaps Lrj dh vko';drk;sa
mHkjrh gSa ;g iw.kZr;k lgh ugÈ gSA mudk ;g fu"d"kZ gS fd dHkh ;s
lHkh vko';drk;sa ,d lkFk ekuo O;ogkj ¼human behaviour½ dks
çHkkfor djrh gSaA

10& Motivation-Hygiene Factors Theory & Mk-ÝsMfjd gtZoxZ us

bl fl)kUr dk çfriknu fd;kA muds vuqlkj nks fHkUu LorU= çdkj dh
ifjfLFkfr;ka O;fä;ksa ds eksVhos'ku dks rFkk mudh dk;Z lUrqf"V
¼job satisfaction½ dks çHkkfor djrh gSA fofHkUu laxBuksa ds
deZpkfj;ksa ds dk;ks± ds vè;;u ds i'pkr mUgksaus fuEufyf[kr
motivation factors rFkk hygiene factors dk fuèkkZj.k fd;k%&

Motivation factors

1- miyfCèk ¼achievement½

2- ekU;rk ¼recognition½

3- çksUufr ¼advancement½

4- dk;Z ¼workitself½

5- çxfr dh lEHkkouk;sa rFkk nkf;Ro ¼Possibility of growth and

responsbility½

Hygiene factors
1- lsok dh 'krsZ ¼working conditions½

2- i;kZoj.k ¼environment½

3- ukSdjh dh lqj{kk ¼Job security½

4- vèkhuLFk dk;ZdrkZvksa] lg;ksfx;ksa rFkk lqijokbtlZ ds lkFk

O;fäxr lEcUèk ¼inter&personal relations with subordinates]
colleagues and supervisors½

5- laxBu dh uhfr vkSj ç'kklu ¼company’s policy & administration½

11- Mk-gtZoxZ dk dguk gS fd ;fn gkÃthu QSDVlZ vPNs jgrs gSa rks
;s dk;Z fu"iknu esa vlUrks"k ¼job&dissatisfaction½ ugh iSnk gksus
nsrsA ijUrq ;s QSDVlZ job& satisfaction esa o`f) ugÈ djrs] ek=
dissatisfaction dks jksdrs gSaA ;s QSDVlZ lhèks job ls lEcfUèkr ugÈ
gksrs gSa] oju~ budk lEcUèk job environment ls gksrk gSA

nwljh vksj] miyfCèk;ka] O;olkf;d mUufr ¼Professional growth½-

mPp vfèkdkfj;ksa }kjk ekU;rk ¼recognition½] vkfn ,sls QSDVlZ gS
tks dk;Z fu"iknu ds nkSjku çR;{k #i esa çkIr gksrs gSa vkSj job
satisfaction c<+kus esa motivators dk dk;Z djrs gSaA

12- Theory ‘X' and Theory ‘Y’& eksVhos'ku dh nwljh ifjdYiuk Jh

eSd xzsxj }kjk Theory X and Theory Y ds uke ls çfl) gSA Theory
ÞXÞ dk fl)kUr fuEufyf[kr ifjdYiukvksa ij vkèkkfjr gS %

¼1½ vkSlru] O;fä dk vkarfjd LoHkko dk;Z ds çfr mis{kk dk gksrk gS

vkSj tgk¡ rd og dke djus ls vius dks cpk ldrk gS] ml lhek rd dke ls
vius dks nwj j[krk gSA
¼2½ dk;Z ds çfr mis{kk dh ço`fÙk ds dkj.k vfèkdka'k O;fä;ksa dks
dk;Z djus ds fy, vadq'k yxkus] fu;af=r djus] funsZf'kr djus rFkk
dHkh&dHkh n.M dh èkedh nsus dh vko';drk iM+rh gS rkfd foHkkxh;
mís';ksa dh miyfCèk dh fn'kk esa mUgsa çsfjr fd;k tk ldsA

¼3½ vkSlr O;fä funsZf'kr gksuk vfèkd ilUn djrk gS] ftEesnkjh ls
cpuk pkgrk gS vkSj dksà egRokdka{kk ugÈ j[krk vkSj loksZifj viuh
ukSdjh dh lqj{kk pkgrk gSA

nwljh vksj ¼Theory ÞYÞ ds vuqlkj eksVhos'ku dk nkf;Ro laxBu ij

j[kk x;k gS vkSj muds –f"Vdks.k ls ekuo LoHkko ,slk ugÈ gS tSlk fd
Theory ÞXÞ esa oÆ.kr gSA

Theory ÞYÞ dh ifjdYiuk;sa fuEufyf[kr gSa %&

¼1½ fdlh dk;Z esa 'kkjhfjd vFkok ekufld ç;kl djuk mruk gh
LokHkkfod gS ftruk [ksyuk vkSj foJke djukA

¼2½ laxBu ds mís';ksa dh çkfIr dh fn'kk esa tks ç;kl gksrs gSa] mlds
fy, oká fu;U=.k vFkok n.M fn;s tkus dh psrkouh gh ek= mik; ugÈ
gSA laxBu dh lsok esa dk;Zjr O;fä Lo;a gh vkRe funsZ'ku rFkk
vkRe&fu;a=.k dk vH;kl djrk gSA

¼3½ laxBu esa dk;Zjr O;fä;ksa dh miyfCèk;ksa ij mUgsa çksRlkgu

vFkok ikfjrksf"kd nsus dh O;oLFkk muds vUnj laxBu ds mís';ksa ds
çfr çfrc)rk mRiUu djrh gSA

¼4½ vke vkneh mfpr okrkoj.k esa dke lh[kuk pkgrk gS vkSj fn;s gq,
nkf;Roksa dks Lohdkj gh ugÈ djrk oju mls çkIr djus ds fy, ç;Ru'khy
Hkh jgrk gSA
5½ laxBu dh leL;kvksa ds fujkdj.k esa dYiuk] pkrq;Z ,oa l`tukRed
cqf) dk mi;ksx fd;s tkus dh {kerk vfèkdka'k O;fä;ksa esa ik;h tkrh
gSA

6½ vkèkqfud vkS|ksfxd thou dh ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa vkSlr O;fä dh

ckSf)d {kerkvksa dk vkaf'kd mi;ksx gh gks ikrk gSA

fdlh Hkh laxBu esa] ifjfLFkfr;ksa dks ns[krs gq, dHkh Theory ÞXÞ ;k
dHkh Theory ÞYÞ dk mi;ksx çHkkoh <ax ls fd;k tk ldrk gSA
fdlh ,d ;k nwljh fFk;jh dks viukus ls iwoZ eSustlZ dks ;g è;ku esa
j[kuk gksxk fd mls ykxw djus ds QyLo#i vUrjdeÊ; ¼inter personal½
vFkok vUrÆoHkkxh; >xM+s mRiUu u gksaA

13- vèkhuLFk deZpkfj;ksa dks çsfjr djus ds fy, dqN mi;ksxh fcUnq %

¼1½ vius esa vkRe foÜokl rFkk vèkhuLFk deZpkfj;ksa esa foÜokl
dh Hkkouk gksuh pkfg,A lqijokbtj dks vius esa ;g foÜokl gksuk pkfg,
fd og vius foHkkx] vuqHkkx dks csgrj rjhds ls fu;ksftr dj ldrk gS vkSj
csgrj rjhds ls vius vèkhuLFk deZpkfj;ksa dks funsZf'kr dj ldrk gSA
lkFk&lkFk mls vius deZpkfj;ksa dh {kerk esa foÜokl j[krs gq, mUgsa
dk;Z djus dk volj nsuk pkfg,A

¼2½ vPNk mnkgj.k çLrqr djuk & lqijokbtj@ eSustj dks vius dk;Z ls
vius ekrgr ds le{k vPNs mnkgj.k çLrqr djus pkfg,A ekrgr ges'kk vius
lqijokbtj dh udy djus dh ço`fÙk j[krk gSA vius ekrgr dks lkFkZd
dk;ks± esa lnSo O;Lr j[kuk pkfg,] T;knk foJke dk le; ugÈ nsuk pkfg,A

¼3½ deZpkfj;ksa dks mfpr LFkku ij j[kuk & vius ekrgr deZpkfj;ksa
dks ,sls *tkCl ij j[kk tk; tgk¡ os viuk ;ksxnku dj ldsA 2&3 o"kks± ds
vUrjky ij vuqHkkx ds vUnj nwljh estksa ij dk;Z djus dk volj nsuk
pkfg,A

¼4½ Hkkxhnkjh ij fo'ks"k tksj & lqijokbtj dks vius deZpkfj;ksa ds

lkFk fu;fer #i ls vukSipkfjd lykg e'kojk djrs jguk pkfg, rkfd os foHkkx
dh ;kstuk] laxBu ,oa vU; dk;ks± esa viuh jk; ns lds ;k dk;Z esa
dfBukà crk ldsA vèkhuLFk deZpkfj;ksa esa ;g Hkkouk tkxzr gksxh
fd os ml foHkkx ds egRoiw.kZ vax gSaA

¼5½ deZpkfj;ksa dks lwpuk;sa nsrs jguk & ekrgr deZpkfj;ksa esa ,d
LokHkkfod ço`fÙk gksrh gS fd og foHkkx esa gks jgs ifjorZuksa ls
voxr jgsaA ;fn os foHkkxh; ifjorZuksa rFkk viuh lsok 'krksa esa
la'kksèku ls voxr gksrs jgsaxs rks muesa foHkkx ds çfr sense of
belonging mRiUu gksxhA nwljh vksj çHkkoh lEçs"k.k ls foHkkx esa
lUnsg ;k 'kadk dk dksà okrkoj.k ugÈ cusxkA

¼6½ i;kZIr çksRlkgu rFkk ikfjrksf"kd dh O;oLFkk & tks deZpkjh

vPNs dke djsa mudh ç'kalk lcds lkeus dh tk;A foÙkh; rFkk xSj
foÙkh; ikfjrksf"kd rFkk çksRlkgu fopkj iwoZd fn;s tkus ij vPNs
ifj.kke fudyrs gSaA

¼7½ vèkhuLFk deZpkfj;ksa dh miyfCèk;ksa dks ekU;rk nsuk

vèkhuLFk deZpkjh vPNs dk;ks± ds fy, ekU;rk pkgrk gSA vr% vPNs
dk;Z ds fy, mUgsa vko';d Js; fn;k tkuk pkfg,A eksVhos'ku dk ;g ,d
çHkkoh mik; gSA

¼8½ foHkkx esa team spirit fodflr djuk & lqijokbtj dks pkfg, fd vius
foHkkx esa Hkkà pkjs] lkSgknZ vkSj lg;ksx dk okrkoj.k fodflr djsaA
blds fy, mUgsa dHkh&dHkh vius ekrgrksa ds lkFk cSB dj dksÃ
recreational activity vk;ksftr djuh pkfg, ;k ckgj dqN le; ds fy, fidfud
dk çcUèk djuk pkfg,] vFkok blh çdkj dk dksà vU; lkewfgd dk;ZØeA

9½ ekrgr dh O;fäxr dfBukb;ksa esa lgk;rk nsuk & lqijokbtj dks vius
ekrgr dh ikfjokfjd leL;kvksa tSls cPpksa dh chekjh] f'k{kk vkfn
esa ;fn dksà lgk;rk dj ldrs gksa rks vo'; djsaA blls ekrgr dk O;fäxr
Lusg çkIr djuk lgt gksxk vkSj volj vkus ij og foHkkxh; dk;ks± dks nsj
ls cSBdj ;k Nqfê;ksa esa vkdj iwjk djus esa ;ksxnku nsxkA

¼10½ n.M ds Hk; dk fopkjiw.kZ mi;ksx & ;g ,d udkjkRed mik; gS

ijUrq gj çdkj ds mik;ksa ds mijkUr lQyrk u feyus ij n.M dk Hk;
mi;ksxh fl) gks ldrk gSA ,sls deZpkjh] tks fcYdqy fuf"Ø; gks] dksÃ
lg;ksx u nsa] leL;k mRi= djrs gksa muds fy, n.M dk Hk; ¼fear of
punishment½ dk;Z djkus esa lgk;d gks ldrk gSA

&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&

A man who enjoys responsibility usually gets it. A man who merely
likes excercising authority usually loses it.